CN109029832A - A method of aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor - Google Patents
A method of aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109029832A CN109029832A CN201810698959.5A CN201810698959A CN109029832A CN 109029832 A CN109029832 A CN 109029832A CN 201810698959 A CN201810698959 A CN 201810698959A CN 109029832 A CN109029832 A CN 109029832A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
- G01L11/02—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means
- G01L11/025—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00 by optical means using a pressure-sensitive optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for being monitored based on incorporated light fiber sensor and adopting aquifer water pressure, using formation incorporated light fiber sensor after combining fixed sensor fibre I, loose tube fiber, fixed sensor fibre II, it is avoided with lesser volume because occupying the larger influence to rock stratum around of volume；Then wherein fixed sensor fibre I is used to monitor the axial deflection of Rock And Soil, loose tube fiber is used to measure the water percolating capacity in water-bearing layer water level and mining induced fissure, fixed sensor fibre II is used to detect the hydraulic pressure force value in water-bearing layer, the unicity of conventional fiber optic sensors is compensated for, so as to be strained to same monitoring holes, the distributed monitoring of water temperature and hydraulic pressure；According to monitoring strain, hydraulic pressure, water temperature amplitude of variation in same monitoring holes; determine a possibility that gushing water occurs for monitoring holes peripheral region; its accuracy that can greatly improve water-bursting predicting avoids disaster that protection personal safety occurs so that staff be made to take counter-measure rapidly.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to be based on incorporated light fiber sensor the present invention relates to a kind of method for monitoring and adopting aquifer water pressure
Monitor the method for adopting aquifer water pressure.
Background technique
Water inrush accident caused by exploitation of coal resources seriously affects mine safety, causes great casualties and economic damage
It loses.Therefore, aquifer parameter variation in overlying strata and floor rock, predicts mine water inrush and prevents and treats under the conditions of accurate measurements are adopted
Work is of great significance.
The various kinds of sensors function that China uses in terms of coal mine flood monitoring at present is more single, such as when measurement pressure
Widely used is electric class pressure sensor, and there are also vibrating wire piezometers, they can only measure pressure change, if it is desired to
Obtaining temperature change also needs mounting temperature sensor, not only at high cost and complicated for operation in this way.Simultaneously because subsurface environment can be given
The laying of electric pressure sensor relevant instrument, repeater, power supply brings inconvenience, and electrical sensor cannot meet water,
It is easy by electromagnetic interference, the remote transmission cost of electric signal is high, and safety is poor, and is difficult to realize distributed monitoring.
Fibre optical sensor is a kind of novel intelligent sensing element, has anti-interference, high sensitivity, safe and reliable and surrounding
The good advantage of Rock And Soil coupling can directly detect the variation of the parameters such as temperature and strain.What application was more at present is light
Fine grating (FBG) sensor, but the fibre optical sensor can not achieve multi-parameter while monitor, and need to pass fiber grating displacement
Sensor, optical fiber optical grating stress sensor and fiber grating temperature sensor measure same monitoring point respectively.It is this to lay simultaneously
The mode of multiple sensors is not only complicated for operation and is limited by own vol and monitoring holes size, tends not to lay simultaneously, from
And be unable to satisfy and distributed, measuring multiple parameters requirements are carried out to same monitoring point, it finally will affect the accuracy of monitoring, reduce
Mine water inrush precision of prediction.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind to be adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor
The method of aquifer water pressure is monitored by the strain of water-bearing layer disturbance region, water temperature and variation in water pressure amplitude distribution formula, improves coal
The accuracy of mine water-bursting predicting caused by charcoal is exploited, takes counter-measure convenient for staff in time.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of incorporated light fiber sensor, including fixed
Sensor fibre I, GFRP (fiberglass reinforced plastics) reinforcer, steel mesh grid, loose tube fiber, fixed sensor fibre II and PE
Sheath, the GFRP reinforcer are 6~8, and more GFRP reinforcers are arranged and are wrapped up, steel around fixed sensor fibre I
Mesh grid processed is arranged and is wrapped up around more GFRP reinforcers, and loose tube fiber is two, and two loose tube fibers are symmetrical arranged
In the two sides of steel mesh grid, the fixed sensor fibre II is one, and fixed sensor fibre II is spirally wrapped around steel
The surface of mesh grid, the PE sheath wraps up loose tube fiber, fixed sensor fibre II and steel mesh grid, wherein fixed sensing
Optical fiber I is used to monitor the axial deflection of Rock And Soil, and loose tube fiber is used to measure the infiltration in water-bearing layer water level and mining induced fissure
Amount, fixed sensor fibre II are used to detect the hydraulic pressure force value in water-bearing layer.
A method of aquifer water pressure, specific steps are adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor are as follows:
A, arrangement monitoring position: from top to bottom pass through drilling machine on ground and set multiple monitoring holes, and pass through water-bearing layer to coal
Layer top plate passes through coal seam to water-bearing layer bottom；Multiple monitoring holes are set by drilling machine from inside to outside in tunnel, and passes through and contains
Water layer；The diameter of each monitoring holes is within the scope of 110~220mm；
B, incorporated light fiber sensor is laid in monitoring holes, specifically:
A, counterweight is set, and the longitudinal section of the counterweight is U-shaped, and top opening is equipped with the grafting that can match with drilling rod internal diameter
The sidewall symmetry of connector, counterweight is equipped with groove；
B, the groove by a part of incorporated light fiber sensor along counterweight is laid with, and is fixed in counterweight groove, then
Counterweight is mounted on to the front end of drilling rod, the sensor fibre of incorporated light fiber sensor is along drilling rod inner wall to one end far from counterweight
Extend；
C, incorporated light fiber sensor is sent to the predetermined buried depth of each monitoring holes by drilling rod thrust, and in each monitoring
Sensor fibre is reserved outside hole；
C, it according to the rock mechanical property on stratum in monitoring holes depth bounds, injects different sealing materials and is segmented
Sealing of hole: it except the range of disturbance of water-bearing layer, is used in water-bearing layer disturbance region using sealing of hole is carried out after sand and swelled ground mixing
Concrete material as identical as possible with ground bulk modulus around carries out sealing of hole (modulus of elasticity of concrete used and week
Magnitude difference is minimum between country rock elastic modulus of soil body)；
D, reserved sensor fibre outside adjacent monitoring holes is sequentially connected, then by a sensing optic cable and BOTDR or
BOTDA optical fibre interrogation instrument is connected, and realizes that the distribution to each monitoring holes, many reference amounts monitor；
E, before seam mining, record fibre optical sensor measures the initial of the strain of water-bearing layer rock mass, temperature and pressure
Value carries out the supplemental characteristic of the strain of water-bearing layer rock mass, temperature and pressure under the conditions of adopting real with the orderly exploitation in coal seam
When acquire；
F, using sensor fibre I fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, overlying rock or floor strata when seam mining
It is mobile to goaf, dependent variable is measured by fixed sensor fibre I, measured value is subtracted into initial value and obtains the variation of dependent variable
Value determines water-bearing layer range of disturbance caused by adopting；
G, using loose tube fiber in incorporated light fiber sensor, when overlying rock or floor strata occur to destroy or generate to split
When gap, underground water moves along crack and forms rock mass cooling band in water-bearing layer, measures temperature value by loose tube fiber, by measured value
It subtracts initial value and obtains temperature change value, determine rock crack distribution situation；
H, it using sensor fibre II fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, is passed when aquifer water pressure acts on integral fibre-optic
When the outer surface of sensor, fixed sensor fibre II is compressed, and fixed sensor fibre II measures dependent variable, and measured value is subtracted initially
Value obtains compressive strain, is linear corresponding relation between compressive strain and hydraulic pressure, i.e. P=K ε, and P is aquifer water in formula
Pressure, ε are the compressive strain of fixed sensor fibre II, and K is linear coefficient, related with surveyed environment temperature；Therefore obtain water outlet pressure
Variable quantity；
I, the amplitude of variation that strain, water temperature and hydraulic pressure are measured according to same monitoring holes determines that monitoring holes peripheral region is predicted
A possibility that gushing water occurs, so that staff can take counter-measure in time.
Further, the spacing distance between the multiple monitoring holes is 10~100m.
Further, the sensor fibre that 5~30m is reserved outside each monitoring holes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is used fixed sensor fibre I, loose tube fiber, II phase knot of fixed sensor fibre
Incorporated light fiber sensor is formed after conjunction, with lesser volume, is avoided larger to Rock And Soil around because occupying volume
It influences；Wherein fixed sensor fibre I is used to monitor the axial deflection of Rock And Soil, loose tube fiber for measure water-bearing layer water level and
Water percolating capacity in mining induced fissure, fixed sensor fibre II are used to detect the hydraulic pressure force value in water-bearing layer, compensate for traditional fiber sensing
The unicity of device can strain same monitoring holes, the distributed monitoring of water temperature and hydraulic pressure；Incorporated light fiber sensor is pacified
It is attached in mining overburden or floor water-bearing rock range of disturbance, it is aqueous when seam mining causes fissure zone to be developed and continues perforation
Layer water temperature variation can intuitively reflect the supply or crack passage of underground water, and variation in water pressure directly reflects the disturbance situation in water-bearing layer,
Dependent variable reflection water flowing fractured zone leads ascending part position.Therefore, it according to the strain of same monitoring holes, hydraulic pressure, water temperature amplitude of variation, determines
A possibility that gushing water, occurs for monitoring holes peripheral region, the accuracy of water-bursting predicting can be greatly improved, to keep staff fast
Speed takes counter-measure, avoids disaster that protection personal safety occurs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of incorporated light fiber sensor in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal section view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 be in the present invention integral fibre-optic sensor application in the layout diagram of mining rock.
In figure: 1, fixed sensor fibre I, 2, GFRP reinforcer, 3, steel mesh grid, 4, loose tube fiber, 5, fixed sensing
Optical fiber II, 6, PE sheath.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below.
Embodiment: as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of incorporated light fiber sensor, including fixed sensor fibre I 1, GFRP (glass
Glass fibre reinforced plastics) reinforcer 2, steel mesh grid 3, loose tube fiber 4, fixed sensor fibre II 5 and PE sheath 6, it is described
GFRP reinforcer 2 is 6~8, and more GFRP reinforcers 2 are arranged and are wrapped up around fixed sensor fibre I 1, steel braiding
Net 3 is arranged and is wrapped up around more GFRP reinforcers 2, and loose tube fiber 4 is two, and two loose tube fibers 4 are symmetricly set on
The two sides of steel mesh grid 3, the fixed sensor fibre II 5 are one, and fixed sensor fibre II 5 is spirally wrapped around steel
The surface of mesh grid 3, the PE sheath 6 wraps up loose tube fiber 4, fixed sensor fibre II 5 and steel mesh grid 3, wherein tightly
Set sensor fibre I 1 is used to monitor the axial deflection of Rock And Soil, and loose tube fiber 4 is for measuring water-bearing layer water level and mining induced fissure
In water percolating capacity, fixed sensor fibre II 5 is used to detect the hydraulic pressure force value in water-bearing layer.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of monitor the method for adopting aquifer water pressure, specific steps based on incorporated light fiber sensor
Are as follows:
A, arrangement monitoring position: from top to bottom pass through drilling machine on ground and set multiple monitoring holes, and pass through water-bearing layer to coal
Layer top plate passes through coal seam to water-bearing layer bottom；Multiple monitoring holes are set by drilling machine from inside to outside in tunnel, and passes through and contains
Water layer；The diameter of each monitoring holes is 10~100m of interval between each monitoring holes within the scope of 110~220mm；
B, incorporated light fiber sensor is laid in monitoring holes, specifically:
A, counterweight is set, and the longitudinal section of the counterweight is U-shaped, and top opening is equipped with the grafting that can match with drilling rod internal diameter
Connector, the sidewall symmetry of counterweight are equipped with groove, and the depth of groove is 7~8cm；The counterweight of the structure is existing equipment；
B, the groove by a part of incorporated light fiber sensor along counterweight is laid with, and solid by epoxy resin and curing agent
It is scheduled in counterweight groove, then counterweight is mounted on to the front end of drilling rod, the sensor fibre of incorporated light fiber sensor is along drilling rod
Inner wall extends to one end far from counterweight；
C, by the vertical outer wall for being laid on drilling rod of incorporated light fiber sensor, integral fibre-optic is sensed by drilling rod thrust
Device is sent to the predetermined buried depth of each monitoring holes, and sensor places speed when laying and drilling rod movement speed keeps coordinating, and to one
Body formula fibre optical sensor gives certain prestressing force, it is ensured that it keeps vertical direction to be laid in the borehole, and outside each monitoring holes
Portion reserves sensor fibre, and length is 5~30m；
C, it according to the rock mechanical property on stratum in monitoring holes depth bounds, injects different sealing materials and is segmented
Sealing of hole: in water-bearing layer disturbance region, sealing of hole is carried out using the mixing material of sand and swelled ground, guarantees that the water in water-bearing layer can penetrate into
In monitoring holes；Except the range of disturbance of water-bearing layer, using identical as ground bulk modulus around or as identical mixed as possible
Solidifying soil material carries out sealing of hole, reduces influence of the sealing material to measurement accuracy, injects concrete grout into monitoring holes by drilling rod
Liquid, counterweight will be detached from drilling rod under grouting pressure, and counterweight is fixed on foot of hole, with the extraction of drilling rod from inside to outside, be passed
Photosensitive fibre is layed in monitoring holes, when hole-sealing grouting, pays attention to grouting pressure and speed and drilling rod draw speed, it is ensured that sensor
Safety, avoid damage to sensor；
D, reserved sensor fibre outside adjacent monitoring holes is sequentially connected, then by a sensing optic cable and BOTDR or
BOTDA optical fibre interrogation instrument is connected, and the optical signal that will acquire is converted to electric signal, and acquires measurement letter in real time by acquiring host
Number, realize distribution to each monitoring holes, multi-parameter monitoring；
E, before seam mining, record fibre optical sensor measure the strain of water-bearing layer Rock And Soil, temperature and pressure just
Initial value carries out the supplemental characteristic of the strain of water-bearing layer rock mass, temperature and pressure under the conditions of adopting with the orderly exploitation in coal seam
Distributed capture；
F, using sensor fibre I 1 fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, overlying rock or floor strata when seam mining
It is mobile to goaf, dependent variable is measured by fixed sensor fibre I 1, measured value is subtracted into initial value and obtains the variation of dependent variable
Value determines water-bearing layer range of disturbance caused by adopting；
G, using loose tube fiber 4 in incorporated light fiber sensor, when destruction or generation occur for overlying rock or floor strata
When crack, underground water moves along crack and forms rock mass cooling band in water-bearing layer, measures temperature value by loose tube fiber 4, will be real
Measured value subtracts initial value and obtains temperature change value, determines rock crack distribution situation；
H, using sensor fibre II 5 fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, when aquifer water pressure acts on integral fibre-optic
When the outer surface of sensor, fixed sensor fibre II 5 is compressed, and fixed sensor fibre II 5 measures compressive strain, by measured value
It subtracts initial value and obtains the variation of compressive strain, be linear corresponding relation between compressive strain and hydraulic pressure, i.e. P=K ε,
P is aquifer water pressure in formula, and ε is the compressive strain of fixed sensor fibre II, and K is linear coefficient, is had with surveyed environment temperature
It closes；Therefore obtain the variable quantity of water outlet pressure；
I, the amplitude of variation of strain, water temperature and the hydraulic pressure measured according to same monitoring holes determines that monitoring holes peripheral region is sent out
A possibility that raw gushing water, so that staff can take counter-measure in time.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of incorporated light fiber sensor, which is characterized in that including fixed sensor fibre I (1), GFRP reinforcer (2), steel
Mesh grid (3), loose tube fiber (4), fixed sensor fibre II (5) and PE sheath (6), the GFRP reinforcer is 6~8, more
Root GFRP reinforcer (2) is arranged and is wrapped up around fixed sensor fibre I (1), and steel mesh grid (3) adds around more GFRP
Strong part (2) is arranged and is wrapped up, and loose tube fiber (4) is two, and two loose tube fibers (4) are symmetricly set on steel mesh grid
(3) two sides, the fixed sensor fibre II (5) are one, and fixed sensor fibre II (5) is spirally wrapped around steel braiding
The surface of net (3), the PE sheath (6) wrap up loose tube fiber (4), fixed sensor fibre II (5) and steel mesh grid (3),
Wherein fixed sensor fibre I (1) is used to monitor the axial deflection of Rock And Soil, and loose tube fiber (4) is for measuring water-bearing layer water level
And the water percolating capacity in mining induced fissure, fixed sensor fibre II (5) are used to detect the hydraulic pressure force value in water-bearing layer.
2. a kind of monitor the method for adopting aquifer water pressure, feature based on incorporated light fiber sensor using claim 1
It is, specific steps are as follows:
A, arrangement monitoring position: from top to bottom pass through drilling machine on ground and set multiple monitoring holes, and pass through water-bearing layer to coal seam and push up
Plate passes through coal seam to water-bearing layer bottom；Multiple monitoring holes are set by drilling machine from inside to outside in tunnel, and pass through water-bearing layer；
The diameter of each monitoring holes is within the scope of 110~220mm；
B, incorporated light fiber sensor is laid in monitoring holes, specifically:
A, counterweight is set, and the longitudinal section of the counterweight is U-shaped, and top opening is equipped with the connection for the grafting that can match with drilling rod internal diameter
The sidewall symmetry of head, counterweight is equipped with groove；
B, the groove by a part of incorporated light fiber sensor along counterweight is laid with, and is fixed in counterweight groove, then will be matched
It re-mounts in the front end of drilling rod, the sensor fibre of incorporated light fiber sensor prolongs along drilling-rod external wall to one end far from counterweight
It stretches；
C, incorporated light fiber sensor is sent to the predetermined buried depth of each monitoring holes by drilling rod thrust, and outside each monitoring holes
Reserve sensor fibre in portion；
C, it according to the rock mechanical property on stratum in monitoring holes depth bounds, injects different sealing materials and carries out segmentation envelope
Hole: in water-bearing layer disturbance region, sealing of hole is carried out using sand and swelled ground mixing material, except the range of disturbance of water-bearing layer, is used
Concrete material as identical as possible with ground bulk modulus around carries out sealing of hole；
D, sensor fibre reserved outside adjacent monitoring holes is sequentially connected, then passes through a sensing optic cable and BOTDR or BOTDA
Optical fibre interrogation instrument is connected, and realizes that the distribution to each monitoring holes, many reference amounts monitor；
E, before seam mining, record fibre optical sensor measures the strain of Rock And Soil, temperature and pressure in monitoring holes depth bounds
The initial value of power, with the orderly exploitation in coal seam, to the supplemental characteristic of the strain of Rock And Soil, temperature and pressure under the conditions of adopting into
Row acquisition in real time；
F, using sensor fibre I (1) fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, when seam mining overlying rock or floor strata to
Goaf is mobile, measures dependent variable by fixed sensor fibre I (1), measured value is subtracted initial value and obtains the variation of dependent variable
Value determines water-bearing layer range of disturbance caused by adopting；
G, using loose tube fiber (4) in incorporated light fiber sensor, when overlying rock or floor strata occur to destroy or generate to split
When gap, underground water moves along crack and forms Rock And Soil cooling band in water-bearing layer, measures temperature value by loose tube fiber (4), will
Measured value subtracts initial value and obtains temperature change value, and then determines rock-soil layer fractured zones situation；
H, it using sensor fibre II (5) fixed in incorporated light fiber sensor, is passed when aquifer water pressure acts on integral fibre-optic
When the outer surface of sensor, fixed sensor fibre II is compressed, and fixed sensor fibre II (5) measures dependent variable, and measured value is subtracted
Initial value obtains compressive strain, is linear corresponding relation between compressive strain and hydraulic pressure, i.e. P=K ε, and P is aqueous in formula
Layer hydraulic pressure, ε are the compressive strain of fixed sensor fibre II (5), and K is linear coefficient, related with surveyed environment temperature；Therefore it obtains
The variable quantity of aquifer water pressure；
I, the amplitude of variation that strain, water temperature and hydraulic pressure are measured according to same monitoring holes determines that gushing water occurs for monitoring holes peripheral region
A possibility that, so that staff can take counter-measure in time.
3. a kind of method that aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the spacing distance between the multiple monitoring holes is 10~100m.
4. a kind of method that aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the sensor fibre that 5~30m is reserved outside each monitoring holes.
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| CN112664179A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Device and method for positioning water flowing fracture in drilling layered test process |
| CN112761677A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-05-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Underground coal mine water prevention and control method for grouting water-resisting layer by adopting mechanical digging groove construction |
| CN113588374A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 华北有色工程勘察院有限公司 | Sensing optical fiber burying device and method in geotechnical engineering similar material model |
| CN113702440A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-26 | 南京大学 | Method for monitoring growth state of internal cracks of soil body |
| CN114184153A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Stope overburden rock and soil layer composite height guiding monitoring method based on optical fiber and osmometer |
| CN117433587A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 | Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20181218 |