CN107037551A - Sensing optic cable - Google Patents

Sensing optic cable Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107037551A
CN107037551A CN201710335210.XA CN201710335210A CN107037551A CN 107037551 A CN107037551 A CN 107037551A CN 201710335210 A CN201710335210 A CN 201710335210A CN 107037551 A CN107037551 A CN 107037551A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tight
optical fiber
sensing
temperature
armored
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Pending
Application number
CN201710335210.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王传琦
王晓锋
陈焕新
王辅东
潘锦华
何新林
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Shenzhen SDG Information Co Ltd
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Shenzhen SDG Information Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201710335210.XA priority Critical patent/CN107037551A/en
Publication of CN107037551A publication Critical patent/CN107037551A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443Protective covering

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of sensing optic cable, including sensing optic cable sheath and the tight tube fiber and armouring loose tube fiber that are arranged inside the sensing optic cable sheath;Wherein, the sensing optic cable sheath includes outer protection cushion, metal net protective layer, the interior protection cushion set gradually from outside to inside;Wherein, the cross section of the outer protection cushion is convex-concave arcuate structure, and the cross section of the metal net protective layer is round edge triangular structure;The tight tube fiber is three, and three tight tube fibers are arranged in the interior protection cushion in equilateral triangle, and the armouring loose tube fiber is arranged at the position of centre of gravity of the equilateral triangle.The multi-angle pressure value and the accuracy of temperature value that the present invention is obtained are high, and high temperature resistant, corrosion resistance, mechanical strength are good, can be used in high-temperature oil well oil pipe or the outer temperature and pressure of oil pipe is while distributed monitoring.

Description

Sensing optical cable
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical cables, in particular to a sensing optical cable.
Background
With the rapid development of optical fiber structures and special optical cable technologies, the application of the optical fiber structures and the special optical cable technologies to the field of high-temperature oil well thermal stress measurement puts high requirements on optical fiber sensing technologies.
The sensing optical cable used at present has low detection accuracy on pressure and temperature, poor heat conductivity and temperature stress value need compensation and correction, a single-core test value is less, the structural design of the used optical fiber is not perfect, and the reasons are as follows:
1. the existing high-temperature sensing optical cable generally uses a steel pipe protective layer to protect a sensing optical fiber, and because the steel pipe cannot be obviously deformed under the condition of external pressure, the improved metal steel belt still has the problem of recovery or resistance after deformation, the nondestructive property of external pressure transmitted to the sensing optical fiber is poor, and an accurate pressure measurement value cannot be obtained or the accurate pressure measurement value needs to be obtained through correction;
2. the existing sensing optical cable for measuring temperature and stress mostly adopts two high-temperature-resistant armored loose-tube optical fibers when measuring temperature, each optical fiber comprises one to two single-mode or multi-mode single-core optical fibers, one temperature measuring value and one strain-temperature measuring parameter need to be compensated, calculated and corrected. When stress is measured, the tight-sleeved optical fiber is used more, one tight-sleeved optical fiber is arranged more, the tension and the pressure of the sensing optical cable cannot be tested simultaneously, and one side of the sensing optical cable is pressed and the other side of the sensing optical cable is pulled due to the fact that the sensing optical cable is multi-angle.
3. The cross section of the sensing optical cable used at present is circular, and the sensing optical cable is easy to roll laterally continuously under the action of external force.
Therefore, a solution scheme which is not easy to roll under the action of external force, has high accuracy of obtaining multi-angle pressure values and temperature values, has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, can be used for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and pressure in the oil pipe of a high-temperature oil well or outside the oil pipe in a distributed manner, and can meet the application of one cable in multiple scenes is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the existing sensing optical cable is easy to roll under the action of external force, the detection accuracy of pressure and temperature is low, the thermal conductivity is poor, the temperature stress value needs compensation and correction, and the single-core test value is less.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a sensing optical cable which comprises a sensing optical cable sheath, and a tight-sleeved optical fiber and an armored loose-sleeved optical fiber which are arranged in the sensing optical cable sheath; wherein,
the sensing optical cable sheath comprises an outer protection buffer layer, a metal mesh grid protection layer and an inner protection buffer layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the cross section of the outer protective buffer layer is of a convex-concave arc structure, and the cross section of the metal mesh grid protective layer is of a round-edged triangular structure;
the number of the tight-sleeved optical fibers is three, the three tight-sleeved optical fibers are arranged in the inner protection buffer layer in an equilateral triangle shape, and the armored loose-sleeved optical fibers are arranged at the gravity center positions of the equilateral triangle.
According to a further technical scheme, the tight-buffered optical fiber comprises a first multi-core optical fiber and a tight-buffered coating material layer wrapped outside the first multi-core optical fiber, and the cross section of the tight-buffered coating material layer is of a circular structure.
According to a further technical scheme, the armored loose optical fiber comprises a metal armored pipe and a second multi-core optical fiber arranged in the metal armored pipe.
The invention has the further technical scheme that at least one non-metal reinforced core is respectively arranged between every two tight-buffered optical fibers and at the periphery of the armored loose-buffered optical fibers.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that the outer protection buffer layer and the inner protection buffer layer are made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer doped static pressure graphite.
The further technical scheme of the invention is that the multi-core optical fiber is made of pure quartz or quartz-doped material, and the tightly-packed coating material layer is made of alloy or plastic material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the sensing optical cable provided by the invention, the cross section of the outer protection buffer layer is designed into a convex-concave arc structure, the sensing optical cable is prevented from easily rolling under the action of external force, the cross section of the metal mesh grid protection layer arranged between the outer protection buffer layer and the inner protection buffer layer is set into a circular edge triangular structure, the tightly sleeved optical fibers arranged in an equilateral triangle are arranged in the inner protection buffer layer, and the armored loose sleeved optical fibers are arranged at the gravity center position of the equilateral triangle, so that the obtained multi-angle pressure value and temperature value has high accuracy, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength are good, the sensing optical cable can be used for distributed monitoring of the temperature and the pressure inside or outside a high-temperature oil well oil pipe at the same time, and the defects that in the prior art, the pressure and temperature detection accuracy is low, the thermal conductivity is poor, the.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensing optical cable according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a sensing cable sheath-10;
an outer protective buffer layer-101;
a metal mesh grid protective layer-102;
an inner protective buffer layer-103;
tight-buffered optical fiber-20;
a first multi-core fiber-201;
a tight-wrapping coating material layer-202;
armored loose optical fiber-30;
a metal clad pipe-301;
a second multi-core fiber-302;
non-metallic core-40.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The main solution of the invention is: the cross section of the outer protection buffer layer is designed into the shape of the convex-concave arc, the sensing optical cable is prevented from easily rolling under the action of external force, the cross section of a metal woven mesh protection layer arranged between the outer protection buffer layer and the inner protection buffer layer is set into the shape of a circular triangle, the tightly sleeved optical fibers arranged in the shape of an equilateral triangle are arranged in the inner protection buffer layer, and the armored loose sleeved optical fibers are arranged at the gravity center position of the equilateral triangle, so that the obtained multi-angle pressure value is high in accuracy, high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength are good, the sensing optical cable can be used for distributed monitoring of the temperature and pressure in or out of a high-temperature oil well oil pipe at the same time, and the defects that in the prior art, the pressure and temperature detection accuracy is low, the thermal conductivity is poor, the temperature stress.
The sensing optical cable used at present has low detection accuracy on pressure and temperature, poor thermal conductivity, temperature stress value needing compensation and correction, few single-core test values, and incomplete structural design of the used optical fiber.
In view of the technical problems, the invention provides the sensing optical cable which has high accuracy of the obtained multi-angle pressure value and temperature value, good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength and can be used for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and pressure in the oil pipe of the high-temperature oil well or outside the oil pipe in a distributed manner.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the sensing optical cable according to the present invention.
The sensing optical cable provided by the embodiment comprises a sensing optical cable sheath 10, and a tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and an armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 which are arranged in the sensing optical cable sheath 10.
It is understood that, in order to improve the high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of the sheath 10 of the sensing optical cable, and facilitate the transmission of temperature to the middle of the sensing optical cable, and improve the accuracy of measuring temperature, in this embodiment, the sheath 10 of the sensing optical cable may be made of a material doped with net pressed graphite by ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and of course, in other embodiments, other materials with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength and good thermal conductivity may also be selected.
The sensing optical cable sheath 10 comprises an outer protection buffer layer 101, a metal mesh grid protection layer 102 and an inner protection buffer layer 103 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.
Wherein, the cross section of the outer protective buffer layer 101 is a convex-concave arc structure. The convex arc design of the outer protection buffer layer 101 is beneficial to detecting stress of three main directions when used in an oil pipe, and the concave arc design can better fit the outer wall of the pipe when used for laying outside the oil pipe, so that the stressed transmission effect is good. Thus, the pressure detection accuracy is improved. It is worth mentioning that a marking line may be provided on the outer surface of the outer protective layer to prevent winding during application.
The cross section of the metal mesh grid protection layer 102 is a round-edged triangular structure. The number of the tight-buffered optical fibers 20 is three, the three tight-buffered optical fibers 20 are arranged in the inner protective buffer layer 103 in an equilateral triangle, and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 is arranged at the center of gravity of the equilateral triangle.
The round-edge triangular structure of the metal mesh grid protection layer 102 has the following advantages:
firstly, the stability of the metal mesh grid protective layer 102 is better, the mechanical strength of the metal mesh grid protective layer 102 is improved, three tight-sleeved optical fibers 20 are correspondingly arranged at three circular edges, the radial stress of the three tight-sleeved optical fibers 20 is uniform, and three straight edges are beneficial to stress conduction and reset of the metal mesh.
Secondly, the metal mesh grid can strengthen the protection of the inner protection buffer layer 103, the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30, has a stable buffer effect, can ensure that the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 are not directly impacted by the deformation of the sensing cable, is beneficial to improving the accuracy of a measured value, has high safety, and can prolong the service life of the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30.
Thirdly, because the metal woven mesh is a mesh structure, the strength and the toughness are both considered, when the external pressure compresses or stretches the surface of the sensing optical cable, the metal woven mesh can synchronously deform along with the compression or the stretching of the external pressure to the outer protection buffer layer 101, and the compression deformation is transmitted to the inner protection buffer layer 103, so that the external force is transmitted to the inner layer pressure test sensing optical fiber, and the optical fiber measurement cannot be hindered.
The three tight-buffered optical fibers 20 are arranged in the inner protective buffer layer 103 in an equilateral triangle, and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 is arranged at the center of gravity of the equilateral triangle, so that the three tight-buffered optical fibers have the following advantages:
firstly, the three tight-buffered optical fibers 20 are arranged in an equilateral triangle shape, the structure is symmetrical, each angle has the same measurement environment, the measured values have stronger matching performance, and the accuracy of the finally obtained multi-angle pressure value is improved.
Secondly, the armored loose optical fiber 30 is arranged at the gravity center position of the equilateral triangle, so that a plurality of groups of temperature values can be measured, the multi-directionality of temperature conduction can be ensured, and compensation calculation or auxiliary correction of related parameters due to the type difference of the armored loose optical fiber 30 and the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 is avoided.
Therefore, the sensing optical cable provided by the embodiment designs the cross section of the outer protective buffer layer 101 to be a convex-concave arc structure, avoids the sensing optical cable from rolling easily under the action of external force, sets the cross section of the metal mesh grid protection layer 102 arranged between the outer protective buffer layer 101 and the inner protective buffer layer 103 to be a round-edged triangle structure, and the tight-buffered optical fibers 20 arranged in an equilateral triangle are disposed in the inner protective buffer layer 103, the armored loose optical fiber 30 is arranged at the gravity center position of the equilateral triangle, so that the accuracy of the multi-angle pressure value and temperature value obtained by the method is high, the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant monitoring device has good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, can be used for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and pressure in or out of the oil pipe of a high-temperature oil well in a distributed manner, and overcomes the defects of low pressure and temperature detection accuracy, poor heat conductivity, compensation and correction of a temperature stress value and less single-core test value in the prior art.
Further, the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 includes a first multi-core optical fiber 201, and a tight-buffered coating material layer 202 wrapped outside the first multi-core optical fiber 201, wherein a cross section of the tight-buffered coating material layer 202 is circular. The armored loose tube optical fiber 30 includes a metal armored tube 301 and a second multi-core optical fiber 302 disposed inside the metal armored tube 301.
In specific implementation, the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 can adopt two to seven fiber cores, and a plurality of fiber cores are adopted to facilitate the acquisition of a plurality of groups of sensing signals, thereby being beneficial to improving the accuracy of the finally obtained multi-angle pressure value and temperature value.
In addition, the multicore fiber may be a high temperature resistant single-mode multicore fiber, the core may be made of a pure quartz material or a material doped with quartz, the primary coating layer is an inter-core interference resistant material, and the tight coating material layer 202 may be a high temperature resistant alloy material or a moldable material.
In order to further improve the mechanical strength of the sensing optical cable, as an embodiment, at least one non-metal reinforced core 40 is respectively arranged between every two tight-buffered optical fibers 20 and at the periphery of the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30.
In a specific implementation, the non-metal reinforced core 40 may adopt one to seven cores, and the non-metal reinforced core 40 is disposed in the middle of the two tight-buffered optical fibers 20.
It can be understood that the mechanical strength of the sensing optical cable can be improved by adopting a plurality of fiber cores, the dead weight of the sensing optical cable can be effectively reduced by adopting the non-metal reinforced core 40, and when the sensing optical cable is laid in an oil pipe, the non-metal reinforced core 40 can bear a larger range of pulling force, so that the tight-buffered optical fiber 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber 30 are better protected; the non-metal reinforced core 40 is arranged in the middle of the two tight-buffered optical fibers 20, so that the protection uniformity of the non-metal reinforced core 40 on the tight-buffered optical fibers 20 and the armored loose-buffered optical fibers 30 can be further improved, and the influence among the three tight-buffered optical fibers 20 is reduced; in addition, the metal mesh grid protection layer 102 with the round edge structure is matched with the non-metal reinforced core 40, so that the temperature measurement value of the armored loose-tube optical fiber 30 with a certain residual length is more accurate.
The principles of the present invention are further illustrated below:
in order to realize the simultaneous distributed monitoring of temperature and multi-angle pressure, the sensing optical cable must satisfy the following conditions:
1. the armored loose optical fiber can obtain the temperature conducted outside and is not influenced by external pressure, so that the temperature value in the environment where the sensing optical cable is located can be accurately measured;
2. the tight-buffered optical fiber and the armored loose-buffered optical fiber need to respond to external multi-angle pressure or tension, and can monitor the pressure, tension and temperature of the environment where the sensing optical cable is located, so that the temperature and the pressure can be monitored simultaneously.
The invention meets the basic requirement of temperature measurement just by the design of the high-temperature resistant central tube type spiral metal armored loose tube optical fiber and the heat conduction material layer, the basic requirement of temperature measurement stress is met by the design of the high-temperature resistant corrosion resistant tight tube optical fiber and the metal woven mesh protection layer, meanwhile, in order to obtain the multi-angle measurement effect, three high-temperature resistant corrosion resistant tight tube optical fibers are designed to be arranged in the high-strength high-temperature resistant corrosion resistant heat conduction material layer, namely the sensing optical cable sheath, in an equilateral triangle manner at intervals of 120 degrees, and a single-mode multi-core optical fiber with high-temperature resistant cladding anti-interference materials is designed, and 2-7 core connection test can be selected. The high-temperature-resistant single-mode multi-core fiber mainly utilizes the Brillouin scattering principle to measure temperature-strain parameters.
In summary, in the sensing optical cable provided by the present invention, the cross section of the outer protective buffer layer 101 is designed to be a convex-concave arc structure, so as to prevent the sensing optical cable from rolling easily under the action of external force, the cross section of the metal mesh grid protective layer 102 disposed between the outer protective buffer layer 101 and the inner protective buffer layer 103 is designed to be a round triangle structure, and the tight-buffered optical fibers 20 arranged in an equilateral triangle are disposed in the inner protective buffer layer 103, the armored loose optical fiber 30 is arranged at the gravity center position of the equilateral triangle, so that the accuracy of the multi-angle pressure value and temperature value obtained by the method is high, the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant monitoring device has good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, can be used for simultaneously monitoring the temperature and pressure in or out of the oil pipe of a high-temperature oil well in a distributed manner, and overcomes the defects of low pressure and temperature detection accuracy, poor heat conductivity, compensation and correction of a temperature stress value and less single-core test value in the prior art.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or flow transformations made by the present specification and drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related arts, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A sensing optical cable is characterized by comprising a sensing optical cable sheath, and a tight-sleeved optical fiber and an armored loose-sleeved optical fiber which are arranged in the sensing optical cable sheath; wherein,
the sensing optical cable sheath comprises an outer protection buffer layer, a metal mesh grid protection layer and an inner protection buffer layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the cross section of the outer protective buffer layer is of a convex-concave arc structure, and the cross section of the metal mesh grid protective layer is of a round-edged triangular structure;
the number of the tight-sleeved optical fibers is three, the three tight-sleeved optical fibers are arranged in the inner protection buffer layer in an equilateral triangle shape, and the armored loose-sleeved optical fibers are arranged at the gravity center positions of the equilateral triangle.
2. The sensing cable of claim 1, wherein the tight-buffered optical fiber includes a first multicore optical fiber, a tight-buffered coating material layer wrapped around an exterior of the first multicore optical fiber, the tight-buffered coating material layer having a circular configuration in cross-section.
3. The sensing cable of claim 1, wherein the armored loose-buffered optical fiber comprises a metal armored tube and a second multicore optical fiber disposed inside the metal armored tube.
4. The sensing optical cable of claim 1, wherein at least one non-metallic strength member is disposed between each two tight-buffered optical fibers and around the armored loose-buffered optical fibers.
5. The sensing optical cable of claim 1, wherein the outer and inner protective buffer layers are made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer doped with static pressure graphite.
6. The sensing optical cable according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the multicore optical fiber is made of pure quartz or a material doped with quartz, and the tight coating material layer is made of an alloy or a plastic material.
CN201710335210.XA 2017-05-12 2017-05-12 Sensing optic cable Pending CN107037551A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107945921A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-04-20 无锡江南电缆有限公司 A kind of triangle cable with optical fiber
CN109029832A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-18 中国矿业大学 A method of aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor
CN111679387A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-18 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 Optical cable
CN114199460A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 武汉理工大学 Method and system for monitoring leakage of earthing oil tank based on grating array sensing technology
CN115022991A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-09-06 鞍山峰澜科技有限公司 Automatic accurate micro-area location light heating device of adjusting
CN117130117A (en) * 2023-10-25 2023-11-28 南京华信藤仓光通信有限公司 Butterfly-shaped compression-resistant stretch-resistant communication optical cable
CN117433587A (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-01-23 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107945921A (en) * 2018-01-02 2018-04-20 无锡江南电缆有限公司 A kind of triangle cable with optical fiber
CN109029832A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-18 中国矿业大学 A method of aquifer water pressure is adopted based on the monitoring of incorporated light fiber sensor
CN111679387A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-18 杭州富通通信技术股份有限公司 Optical cable
CN114199460A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 武汉理工大学 Method and system for monitoring leakage of earthing oil tank based on grating array sensing technology
CN115022991A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-09-06 鞍山峰澜科技有限公司 Automatic accurate micro-area location light heating device of adjusting
CN117130117A (en) * 2023-10-25 2023-11-28 南京华信藤仓光通信有限公司 Butterfly-shaped compression-resistant stretch-resistant communication optical cable
CN117130117B (en) * 2023-10-25 2024-01-19 南京华信藤仓光通信有限公司 Butterfly-shaped compression-resistant stretch-resistant communication optical cable
CN117433587A (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-01-23 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method
CN117433587B (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-03-19 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method

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