CN112664179A - Device and method for positioning water flowing fracture in drilling layered test process - Google Patents
Device and method for positioning water flowing fracture in drilling layered test process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112664179A CN112664179A CN202011625166.4A CN202011625166A CN112664179A CN 112664179 A CN112664179 A CN 112664179A CN 202011625166 A CN202011625166 A CN 202011625166A CN 112664179 A CN112664179 A CN 112664179A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of drill hole layering hydrogeological tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drill hole layering test process, wherein the device comprises a temperature measuring optical fiber, an upper wire leading device, an upper plug, a lower wire leading device, a connecting rod and a temperature measuring host; wherein, the upper wire leading device, the upper plug, the lower wire leading device and the connecting rod are connected in sequence; one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber penetrates through the upper wire leading device, the upper plug and the lower wire leading device and then is wound outside the connecting rod; the other end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is connected with a temperature measuring host. The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system is integrated into the existing double-embolism hydrogeological test equipment, the layered test of the test section is completed through one-time operation, the permeability coefficient of the test section is obtained, and the main water flowing fracture in the test section can be positioned. According to the fracture positioning result, a more accurate subsequent test scheme can be formulated, and extra workload and field work risk caused by repeatedly adjusting the length of the test segment are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of drill hole layering hydrogeological tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drill hole layering test process.
Background
The fractured rock mass has strong heterogeneity, the fracture water conductivity of different properties shows obvious difference, the water conductivity characteristics of the fractures of different properties are obtained, the water distribution space distribution can be further analyzed, and the design and construction of underground engineering are guided. The permeability parameters of the low-permeability fractured rock mass are generally obtained by a layered test method by using double-plug hydrogeological test equipment, the test section length of the traditional double-plug hydrogeological test equipment is generally set between several meters and dozens of meters, and multiple groups of fractures with different properties may be contained, so that whether a certain group of fractures are water-conducting or not cannot be judged; if the length of the test section is shortened to only contain one group or one crack, the number of the test sections and the field workload are greatly increased; the traditional double-plug hydrogeological test equipment measures the average pressure value of each part in a hole, and when the test section is in hydraulic connection with the upper part and the lower part of the test section, the position where the hydraulic connection is generated cannot be quickly judged only through pressure change.
Therefore, a device and a method for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layered test process are needed to be provided, so that the defects in the prior art are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drilling layered test process, wherein a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring system is integrated into the existing double-plug hydrogeological test equipment, the layered test of a test section is completed through one-time operation, the permeability coefficient of the test section is obtained, and the main water flowing fracture in the test section can be positioned. According to the fracture positioning result, a more accurate subsequent test scheme can be formulated, and extra workload and field work risk caused by repeatedly adjusting the length of the test segment are avoided.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a device for positioning a water flowing crack in a drilling layered test process comprises a temperature measuring optical fiber, an upper wire leading device, an upper plug, a lower wire leading device, a connecting rod and a temperature measuring host;
wherein, the upper wire leading device, the upper plug, the lower wire leading device and the connecting rod are connected in sequence; one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber penetrates through the upper wire leading device, the upper plug and the lower wire leading device and then is wound outside the connecting rod; the other end of the temperature measuring optical fiber is connected with a temperature measuring host.
And a lead hole is formed in the upper lead device, and one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber penetrates through the lead hole of the upper lead device.
And a lead hole is formed in the lower lead device, and one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber penetrates through the lead hole of the lower lead device.
The temperature measuring optical fiber is wound outside the connecting rod in the same radius as the connecting rod.
The upper thread guide, the upper plug, the lower thread guide and the connecting rod are connected in sequence through threads.
The lower plug is connected with the connecting rod, the underground filter tube, the lower lead device, the upper plug and the upper lead device, and one end of the nylon tube is connected with the upper plug; the other nylon tube penetrates through the sealing nut, sequentially penetrates through the upper wire leading device, the upper plug, the lower wire leading device and the sealing nut, and is pulled and pulled to be connected with the lower plug; the upper end of a pressure measuring nylon pipe at the lower part of the test section is connected with a pressure sensor, and the pressure measuring nylon pipe sequentially penetrates through an upper wire leading device, an upper plug and a sealing nut of a lower wire leading device, then penetrates through the lower plug and is fixed.
The upper end of the test section pressure measuring nylon pipe is connected with a pressure sensor, and then sequentially penetrates through a sealing nut, an upper wire leading device, an upper plug, a lower wire leading device and the sealing nut; the sealing nut is fixedly connected with the sealing counter screw through threads to realize the sealing of the upper plug and the lower plug; the nylon tube and the pressure measuring nylon tube at the lower part of the test section are both fixedly connected with the connecting rod.
The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layered test process comprises the following steps:
step 3, carrying out a layered hydrogeological test by using the device and analyzing the position of the water flowing fracture;
and 5, taking out all the devices in the drill hole, and splitting the temperature measuring device, the pressure measuring device and the double-plug hydrogeological test device.
The step 1 comprises the following steps:
step (1.1) connecting a lower plug with a connecting rod, a downhole filter tube, a lower wire leading device, an upper plug and an upper wire leading device, and connecting one end of a nylon tube with the upper plug; the other nylon tube penetrates through the sealing nut, sequentially penetrates through the upper wire leading device, the upper plug, the lower wire leading device and the sealing nut, and is pulled to a proper length to be connected with the lower plug; connecting the upper end of a pressure measuring nylon tube at the lower part of the test section with a pressure sensor, sequentially penetrating through an upper wire leading device, an upper plug and a sealing nut of a lower wire leading device, penetrating through the lower plug and fixing; connecting the upper end of a test section pressure measuring nylon pipe with a pressure sensor, sequentially passing through a sealing nut, an upper wire leading device, an upper plug, a lower wire leading device and the sealing nut; the sealing nut is fixedly connected with the sealing counter screw through threads, so that the sealing penetrating through the upper plug and the lower plug is realized; the nylon tube and the pressure measuring nylon tube at the lower part of the test section are all tied and fixed with the connecting rod;
step (1.2) one end of a temperature measuring optical fiber is sleeved in a sealing nut and a sealing pad in sequence, penetrates through a lead hole of an upper lead device, penetrates through an upper plug and a lower lead device in sequence, and is sleeved in the sealing pad and the sealing nut in sequence;
winding the free end of the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber on the connecting rod and the nylon tube attached to the connecting rod along the same direction, and winding the free end of the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber outside the pressure measuring nylon tube at the lower part of the test section;
step (1.4) measuring and calculating the length of the temperature measuring optical fiber wound between the lower lead device and the lower plug;
step (1.5) plugging the tip of a sealing gasket on the temperature measuring optical fiber into the sealing pair wire, and connecting a sealing nut with the sealing pair wire by using threads;
step (1.6) after the pressure sensor is connected with the pressure data line, the equipment below the pressure sensor is installed to a preset depth by using a drill rod, and the pressure data line, the temperature measuring optical fiber and the nylon tube are ensured not to be crossed and fixed on the outer side of the drill rod in the installation process;
step (1.7) after the underground equipment is installed to the bottom of the drill hole, connecting a water inlet and drain pipe with the top end of the drill rod, connecting a multi-stage flowmeter in the middle of the water inlet and drain pipe, connecting the tail end of the water inlet and drain pipe with a ground submersible pump, and placing the water inlet and drain pipe in a reservoir;
step (1.8) connecting a nylon pipe with a high-pressure nitrogen controller, connecting the tail end of a temperature measurement optical fiber with a temperature measurement host, and connecting a pressure data line with a pressure data collector;
and (1.9) connecting the pressure data collector and the temperature measurement host with the same computer.
The step 2 comprises the following steps:
step (2.1) pressurizing the upper plug and the lower plug by a high-pressure nitrogen controller through a nylon pipe to expand the plugs, so as to realize the sealing of the test section;
and (2.2) controlling a pressure data collector and a temperature measurement host to start collecting data by using software preinstalled in a computer until the temperatures of different measurement points of the observed value are kept stable, and taking the temperature as a background value of temperatures of different depths of the drill hole.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
starting the underground submersible pump, enabling underground water in the test section to enter the connecting rod through the underground filter pipe, enabling the underground water to sequentially pass through the lower wire leading device, the upper plug and the upper wire leading device upwards to enter the drill rod, discharging the drill hole through the water inlet and drainage pipe, and finally discharging the drill hole into a reservoir through the multi-stage flowmeter;
step (3.2) when the underground submersible pump is started, the water-containing layer of the test section supplies underground water to the test section, and the pressure change in the test section can be measured by a pressure sensor and is transmitted to a pressure data collector through a pressure data line; the flow in the water pumping process can be measured and recorded through a multi-stage flowmeter;
step (3.3) importing the pressure and flow data into a computer, and selecting a proper data interpretation method to obtain permeability parameters of the test section;
in the water pumping test process of the step (3.4), water temperatures at different positions of a test section are measured through temperature measuring optical fibers and are finally transmitted to a temperature measuring host;
step (3.5) data is exported through a computer, temperature change amplitudes and rates of different positions in the test section can be obtained by converting the temperature measuring optical fiber wound in the test section into vertical distances, and the position with the maximum change amplitude or the fastest change rate is the position of the main water flowing crack;
step (3.6) when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure of the upper part of the upper plug changes and the hydraulic connection exists between the upper part of the test section and the upper part of the test section, observing the position where the temperature measured by the temperature measuring optical fiber between the upper part of the upper plug and the orifice of the drill hole changes, and preliminarily judging the position where the hydraulic connection occurs;
step (3.7) stopping the underground submersible pump, recovering the pressure in the test section, measuring the recovery speed of the water temperature of each measuring point by the temperature measuring optical fiber at the moment, wherein the position with the higher recovery speed of the water temperature is the position of the main water flowing crack;
if the stratified water injection/water pressure test is to be carried out, starting the ground submersible pump after the step 3 begins, then starting the stratified water injection test or the stratified water pressure test, recording the water quantity injected into the test section through a multistage flowmeter, measuring the pressure change of the test section through a pressure sensor, transmitting the measured pressure change to a pressure data collector for storage, introducing the flow and pressure data into a computer, and obtaining the permeability coefficient of the test section by selecting a proper data analysis method; the position of the main water flowing crack of the test section and the position of hydraulic connection with the test section can be judged in the same way as the step (3.5), the step (3.6) and the step (3.7).
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
adjusting a valve of the high-pressure nitrogen controller to enable the upper plug and the lower plug to synchronously discharge high-pressure gas and then restore the original state;
step (4.2) stopping data acquisition of the temperature measurement optical fiber through the temperature measurement host, and stopping data acquisition of the pressure sensor through the pressure data acquisition unit;
step (4.3) disconnecting the water inlet and outlet pipe from the drill rod;
step (4.4), upwards extracting a certain number of drill rods to the next test section; and (5) repeating the step (2) and the step (3).
The step 5 comprises the following steps:
step (5.1) taking out the drill rod in the hole and the underground submersible pump in sequence;
step (5.2) disconnecting the pressure data line from the pressure sensor;
step (5.3) unfolding the temperature measuring optical fiber wound on the outer side of the connecting rod, loosening the sealing nut and the sealing pair wire, and sequentially drawing out the temperature measuring optical fiber from the lower wire leading device, the upper plug and the upper wire leading device;
step (5.4) the connection between the nylon tube and the upper plug and the connection between the nylon tube and the lower plug are loosened, the connection between the test section pressure measuring nylon tube and the bottom of the lower plug is disconnected, and the nylon tube and the test section pressure measuring nylon tube are sequentially pulled out of the lower wire leading device, the upper plug and the upper wire leading device;
and (5.5) disconnecting the connecting rod from the lower wire leading device, the lower plug and the underground filter tube.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the traditional double-plug hydrogeological test equipment is combined with the temperature measurement optical fiber, so that the high-density temperature measurement is carried out on the drill hole while the layered hydrogeological test is carried out;
(2) according to the invention, the positioning precision of the temperature measuring optical fiber is improved by uniformly winding the temperature measuring optical fiber on the outer side of the connecting rod;
(3) the method realizes the discrimination of the strength of the water conductivity of different types of cracks in the test section through one test, facilitates the formulation of a subsequent targeted test scheme, and greatly improves the test efficiency; and the hydraulic connection position can be quickly judged when the test section and the upper and lower sections of the test section generate hydraulic connection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drilling layered test process, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a use assembly drawing of a device for locating a water flowing fracture during a drilling delamination test, provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of an upper thread guide in the device for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drilling delamination test process according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-temperature measuring optical fiber; 2-a drill rod; 3, drilling; 4-a wire feeder; 5-upper embolism; 6-lower wire guide; 7-a connecting rod; 8-lower embolism; 9-a downhole submersible pump; 10-a pressure sensor; 11-two nylon tubes; 12-testing section pressure testing nylon tube; 13-nylon tube for measuring pressure at the lower part of the test section; 14-a downhole filter tube; 15-pressure data line; 16-water inlet and outlet pipes; 17-high pressure nitrogen controller; 18-a pressure data collector; 19-temperature measurement host; 20-a computer; 21-a multi-stage flow meter; 22-ground submersible pump; 23-a water reservoir; 24-eight sealing nuts; 25-two gaskets; 26-seal pair of filaments.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device for positioning a water flowing fracture in a drilling layered test process provided by the invention comprises a temperature measuring optical fiber 1, an upper thread guide 4, an upper plug 5, a lower thread guide 6, a connecting rod 7 and a temperature measuring host 19;
wherein, the upper thread guide 4, the upper plug 5, the lower thread guide 6 and the connecting rod 7 are connected by screw thread; one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 penetrates through a lead hole of the upper lead device 4, the inner part of the upper plug 5 and a lead hole of the lower lead device 6 and then is densely wound outside the connecting rod 7 in the same radius as the connecting rod 7; the other end of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 is inserted into a corresponding port of the temperature measuring host 19 to realize connection.
The invention also provides a positioning method of the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layered test process, which comprises the following steps:
Step (1.1) according to the connection method of the double-plug hydrogeological test equipment, a lower plug 8 is connected with a connecting rod 7, a downhole filter tube 14, a down-lead device 6, an upper plug 5 and an upper lead device 4 on the ground, and one end of a nylon tube 11 is connected with the upper plug 5; another nylon tube 11 passes through a sealing nut 24, sequentially passes through an upper lead device 4, an upper plug 5, a lower lead device 6 and the sealing nut 24, and is pulled to a proper length to be connected with a lower plug 8; connecting the upper end of a pressure measuring nylon pipe 13 at the lower part of the test section with a pressure sensor 10, sequentially penetrating through an upper lead device 4, an upper plug 5 and a sealing nut 24 of a lower lead device 6, penetrating through a lower plug 8 and fixing; after the upper end of a test section pressure measuring pipe 12 is connected with a pressure sensor 10, the test section pressure measuring pipe sequentially passes through a sealing nut 24, an upper wire leading device 4, an upper plug 5, a lower wire leading device 6 and the sealing nut 24; the sealing nut 24 is fixedly connected with a sealing counter-thread 26 through threads, so that the sealing penetrating through the upper plug and the lower plug is realized; and (3) bundling and fixing the nylon pipe 11 and the pressure measuring pipe 13 at the lower part of the test section with the connecting rod 7.
Under the condition that the length of the test segment is unchanged, the step only needs to be operated once;
step (1.2), sleeving one end of a temperature measuring optical fiber 1 into a sealing nut 24 and a sealing gasket 25 in sequence, then penetrating through a lead hole of an upper lead device 4, penetrating through an upper plug 5 and a lower lead device 6 in sequence, sleeving into the sealing gasket 25 and the sealing nut 24 in sequence, penetrating the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 through the devices, and temporarily not connecting the sealing nut 24 with a sealing pair wire 26;
step (1.3) winding the free end of the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 on the outer sides of the connecting rod 7, the nylon tube 11 attached to the connecting rod 7 and the test section lower pressure measuring tube 13 along the same direction in an equal-interval equal-angle mode within the range of the allowed maximum bending angle, wherein the bottom end of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 is as close to the top end of the lower plug 8 as possible, and the upper end of the wound temperature measuring optical fiber 1 is as close to the bottom end of the lower lead device 6 as possible;
step (1.4) measuring and calculating the length of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 wound between the lower thread guide 6 and the lower plug 8;
step (1.5), the tip of a sealing gasket 25 on the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 is plugged into a sealing pair wire 26, a sealing nut 24 is connected with the sealing pair wire 26 by using threads, and the sealing gasket 25 is gradually squeezed into the sealing pair wire in the connection process, so that the lead and the sealing of the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 are realized;
step (1.6) after the pressure sensor 10 is connected with the pressure data line 15, the equipment below the pressure sensor 10 is installed to a preset depth by using the drill rod 2, the pressure data line 15, the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 and the nylon tube 11 are ensured not to be crossed and fixed on the outer side of the drill rod 2 in the installation process, and extrusion is prevented from being generated in the installation process to cause damage to the equipment; the underground submersible pump 9 can be installed according to the requirement in the installation process;
step (1.7) after the underground equipment is installed at the bottom of the drill hole 3, connecting a water inlet and drain pipe 16 with the top end of the drill rod 2, connecting a multi-stage flowmeter 21 in the middle of the water inlet and drain pipe 16, connecting the tail end of the water inlet and drain pipe 16 with a ground submersible pump 22, and placing the water inlet and drain pipe in a reservoir 23;
step (1.8) connecting a nylon tube 11 with a high-pressure nitrogen controller 17, connecting the tail end of a temperature measurement optical fiber 1 with a temperature measurement host 19, and connecting a pressure data line 15 with a pressure data collector 18;
and (1.9) connecting the pressure data collector 18 and the temperature measurement host 19 with the same computer 20.
Step (2.1) pressurizing the upper plug 5 and the lower plug 8 by using a high-pressure nitrogen controller 17 through a nylon pipe 11 to expand the plugs, so as to realize the sealing of the test section;
and (2.2) controlling the pressure data collector 18 and the temperature measurement host 19 to start collecting data by using software pre-installed in the computer 20 until the temperatures of different measurement points of the observed value are kept stable, and taking the temperature as a background value of temperatures of different depths of the drill hole.
Step 3, carrying out layered hydrogeological test by using the device and analyzing the position of the water flowing fracture
Step (3.1) starting the underground submersible pump 9, after a layered water pumping test is started, underground water in a test section enters the connecting rod 7 through the underground filter pipe 14, sequentially passes through the lower wire leading device 6, the upper plug 5 and the upper wire leading device 4 upwards, enters the drill rod 2, is discharged out of a drill hole through the water inlet and discharge pipe 16, and is finally discharged into the reservoir 23 through the multistage flowmeter 21;
step (3.2) when the underground submersible pump 9 is started, the water-containing layer of the test section supplies underground water to the test section, the pressure change in the test section can be measured by the pressure sensor 10 and is transmitted to the pressure data collector 18 through the pressure data line 15; the flow in the pumping process can be measured and recorded through a multi-stage flowmeter 21;
step (3.3) the pressure and flow data are led into a computer 20, and a proper data interpretation method is selected, so that permeability parameters of the test section can be obtained;
in the water pumping test process of the step (3.4), water temperatures at different positions of a test section are measured through the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 and are finally transmitted to the temperature measuring host 19;
step (3.5) exporting the data through the computer 20, converting the temperature measuring optical fiber wound in the test section into a vertical distance, and obtaining the temperature change amplitude and the temperature change rate of different positions in the test section, wherein the position with the maximum change amplitude or the fastest change rate is the position of the main water flowing crack;
step (3.6) when the pressure sensor 10 detects that the pressure on the upper part of the upper plug 5 changes, the situation that the hydraulic connection exists between the test section and the upper part of the upper plug can occur, and the position where the temperature changes is detected by the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 between the upper part of the upper plug 5 and the orifice of the drill hole 3 is observed, so that the position where the hydraulic connection is generated can be preliminarily judged;
step (3.7) stopping the underground submersible pump 9, recovering the pressure in the test section, measuring the recovery speed of the water temperature of each measuring point by the temperature measuring optical fiber 1, wherein the position with the higher recovery speed of the water temperature is the position of the main water flowing crack;
if the stratified water injection/water pressure test is to be carried out, after the third step, starting the ground submersible pump 22, and then starting the stratified water injection test or the stratified water pressure test, wherein the amount of water injected into the test section can be recorded by the multistage flowmeter 21, the pressure change of the test section can be measured by the pressure sensor 10 and transmitted to the pressure data collector 18 for storage, the flow and pressure data are led into the computer 20, and the permeability coefficient of the test section can be obtained by selecting a proper data analysis method; the position of the main water flowing crack of the test section and the position of hydraulic connection with the test section can be judged in the same way as the step (3.5), the step (3.6) and the step (3.7);
Adjusting a valve of a high-pressure nitrogen controller 17 to enable the upper plug 5 and the lower plug 8 to synchronously discharge high-pressure gas and then restore the original state;
step (4.2) stopping data acquisition of the temperature measurement optical fiber 1 through the temperature measurement host 19, and stopping data acquisition of the pressure sensor 10 through the pressure data acquisition unit 18;
step (4.3) disconnecting the water inlet and outlet pipe 16 from the drill rod 2;
step (4.4), upwards extracting a certain number of drill rods 2 to the next test section; repeating the second step and the third step;
Step (5.1) taking out the drill rod 2 in the hole and the underground submersible pump 9 in sequence;
step (5.2) disconnecting the pressure data line 15 from the pressure sensor 10;
step (5.3) unfolding the temperature measuring optical fiber 1 wound on the outer side of the connecting rod 7, loosening the connection between the sealing nut 24 and the sealing counter thread 26, and sequentially drawing out the temperature measuring optical fiber from the lower wire leading device 6, the upper plug 5 and the upper wire leading device 4;
step (5.4) the connection of the nylon tube 11 with the upper plug 5 and the lower plug 8 is loosened, the connection of the test section pressure measuring nylon tube 12 with the bottom of the lower plug 8 is disconnected, and the nylon tube 11 and the test section pressure measuring nylon tube 12 are sequentially drawn out of the lower wire leading device 6, the upper plug 5 and the upper wire leading device 4;
and (5.5) disconnecting the connecting rod 7 from the down-lead device 6, the lower plug 8 and the down-hole filter tube 14.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a device of water guide crack is fixed a position among drilling layering test process which characterized in that: the device comprises a temperature measuring optical fiber (1), an upper wire leading device (4), an upper plug (5), a lower wire leading device (6), a connecting rod (7) and a temperature measuring host (19);
wherein the upper wire leading device (4), the upper plug (5), the lower wire leading device (6) and the connecting rod (7) are connected in sequence; one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) penetrates through the upper wire leading device (4), the upper plug (5) and the lower wire leading device (6) and then is wound outside the connecting rod (7); the other end of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) is connected with a temperature measuring host (19).
2. The device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layering test process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and a lead hole is formed in the upper lead device (4), and one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) penetrates through the lead hole of the upper lead device (4).
3. The device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layering test process according to claim 2, is characterized in that: and a lead hole is formed in the lower lead device (6), and one end of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) penetrates through the lead hole of the lower lead device (6).
4. The device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layering test process according to claim 3, wherein: the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) is wound outside the connecting rod (7) in the same radius as the connecting rod (7).
5. The device for positioning the water flowing crack in the drilling layering test process according to claim 4, wherein: the upper wire leading device (4), the upper plug (5), the lower wire leading device (6) and the connecting rod (7) are connected in sequence through threads.
6. The device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layering test process according to claim 5, wherein: the lower plug (8) is connected with the connecting rod (7), the underground filter tube (14), the lower lead device (6), the upper plug (5) and the upper lead device (4), and one end of the nylon tube (11) is connected with the upper plug (5); the other nylon tube (11) penetrates through the sealing nut (24), sequentially penetrates through the upper wire leading device (4), the upper plug (5), the lower wire leading device (6) and the sealing nut (24), and is pulled to be connected with the lower plug (8); the upper end of a pressure measuring nylon tube (13) at the lower part of the test section is connected with a pressure sensor (10), and the pressure measuring nylon tube penetrates through an upper plug (8) and is fixed after sequentially penetrating through an upper lead device (4), an upper plug (5) and a lower lead device (6) sealing screw cap (24).
7. The device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling layering test process according to claim 6, wherein: the upper end of the test section pressure measuring nylon pipe (12) is connected with the pressure sensor (10), and then sequentially penetrates through the sealing screw cap (24), the upper lead device (4), the upper plug (5), the lower lead device (6) and the sealing screw cap (24); the sealing nut (24) is fixedly connected with the sealing counter screw (26) through threads to realize the sealing of the upper plug and the lower plug; the nylon tube (11) and the pressure measuring nylon tube (13) at the lower part of the test section are both fixedly connected with the connecting rod (7).
8. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a temperature measuring assembly and a pressure monitoring assembly with double-plug hydrogeological test equipment;
step 2, packing the test section and measuring the initial pressure and temperature value of the test section;
step 3, carrying out a layered hydrogeological test by using the device and analyzing the position of the water flowing fracture;
step 4, stopping data acquisition and preparing the next section of test;
and 5, taking out all the devices in the drill hole (3) and splitting the temperature measuring device, the pressure measuring device and the double-plug hydrogeological test device.
9. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step (1.1), connecting a lower plug (8) with a connecting rod (7), an underground filter tube (14), a lower wire leading device (6), an upper plug (5) and an upper wire leading device (4), and connecting one end of a nylon tube (11) with the upper plug (5); the other nylon tube (11) penetrates through the sealing nut (24), sequentially penetrates through the upper wire leading device (4), the upper plug (5), the lower wire leading device (6) and the sealing nut (24), and is pulled to a proper length to be connected with the lower plug (8); the upper end of a pressure measuring nylon tube (13) at the lower part of the test section is connected with a pressure sensor (10), and the pressure measuring nylon tube penetrates through an upper wire leading device (4), an upper plug (5) and a sealing nut (24) of a lower wire leading device (6) in sequence, penetrates through a lower plug (8) and is fixed; the upper end of a test section pressure measuring nylon tube (12) is connected with a pressure sensor (10), and then sequentially penetrates through a sealing nut (24), an upper wire leading device (4), an upper plug (5), a lower wire leading device (6) and the sealing nut (24); the sealing nut (24) is fixedly connected with a sealing counter screw (26) through threads, so that the sealing penetrating through the upper plug and the lower plug is realized; the nylon tube (11) and the pressure measuring nylon tube (13) at the lower part of the test section are both tied and fixed with the connecting rod (7);
step (1.2) sleeving one end of a temperature measuring optical fiber (1) into a sealing nut (24) and a sealing gasket (25) in sequence, then penetrating through a lead hole of an upper lead device (4), and penetrating through an upper plug (5) and a lower lead device (6) in sequence, and then sleeving the sealing gasket (25) and the sealing nut (24) in sequence;
step (1.3) winding the free end of the lower end of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) on the connecting rod (7) and the outer sides of a nylon tube (11) attached to the connecting rod (7) and a pressure measuring nylon tube (13) at the lower part of the test section along the same direction;
step (1.4) measuring and calculating the length of the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) wound between the lower lead device (6) and the lower plug (8);
step (1.5), the tip of a sealing gasket (25) on the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) is plugged into a sealing pair wire (26), and a sealing nut (24) is connected with the sealing pair wire (26) by using threads;
step (1.6) after the pressure sensor (10) is connected with the pressure data line (15), the equipment below the pressure sensor (10) is installed to a preset depth by using the drill rod (2), and the pressure data line (15), the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) and the nylon tube (11) are ensured not to be crossed and fixed on the outer side of the drill rod (2) in the installation process;
step (1.7) after the underground equipment is installed at the bottom of the drill hole (3), connecting a water inlet/drain pipe (16) with the top end of the drill rod (2), connecting a multi-stage flowmeter (21) in the middle of the water inlet/drain pipe (16), connecting the tail end of the water inlet/drain pipe (16) with a ground submersible pump (22), and placing the water inlet/drain pipe in a reservoir (23);
step (1.8) connecting a nylon pipe (11) with a high-pressure nitrogen controller (17), connecting the tail end of a temperature measurement optical fiber (1) with a temperature measurement host (19), and connecting a pressure data line (15) with a pressure data collector (18);
and (1.9) connecting the pressure data collector (18) and the temperature measurement host (19) with the same computer (20).
10. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step (2.1) pressurizing the upper plug (5) and the lower plug (8) through a nylon pipe (11) by using a high-pressure nitrogen controller (17) to expand the plugs, so as to realize the sealing of a test section;
and (2.2) controlling the pressure data collector (18) and the temperature measurement host (19) to start collecting data by using software preinstalled in the computer (20) until the temperatures of different measurement points of the observed value are kept stable, and taking the temperature as a background value of temperatures of different depths of the drilled hole.
11. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 10, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step (3.1) starting an underground submersible pump (9), enabling underground water in a test section to enter a connecting rod (7) through an underground filter pipe (14), sequentially upward enter a drill rod (2) through a lower wire leading device (6), an upper plug (5) and an upper wire leading device (4), discharge out of a drill hole (3) through a water inlet/drainage pipe (16), and finally discharge into a reservoir (23) through a multi-stage flowmeter (21);
step (3.2) when the underground submersible pump (9) is started, the water-containing layer of the test section supplies underground water to the test section, the pressure change in the test section can be measured by a pressure sensor (10) and is transmitted to a pressure data collector (18) through a pressure data line (15); the flow in the water pumping process can be measured and recorded through a multi-stage flowmeter (21);
step (3.3) the pressure and flow data are led into a computer (20), and a proper data interpretation method is selected, so that permeability parameters of the test section can be obtained;
in the water pumping test process of the step (3.4), water temperatures at different positions of a test section are measured through the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) and are finally transmitted to the temperature measuring host (19);
step (3.5) data are derived through a computer (20), temperature change amplitudes and rates of different positions in the test section can be obtained through converting the temperature measuring optical fiber wound in the test section into vertical distances, and the position with the maximum change amplitude or the fastest change rate is the position of the main water flowing crack;
step (3.6) when the pressure sensor (10) detects that the pressure on the upper part of the upper plug (5) changes and the hydraulic connection exists between the upper part of the test section and the upper part of the test section, observing the position where the temperature detected by the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) between the upper part of the upper plug (5) and the orifice of the drill hole (3) changes, and preliminarily judging the position where the hydraulic connection is generated;
step (3.7) stopping the underground submersible pump (9), recovering the pressure in the test section, measuring the recovery speed of the water temperature of each measuring point by the temperature measuring optical fiber (1), wherein the faster the water temperature recovery speed is, the position of the main water flowing crack is;
if a stratified water injection/water pressure test is to be carried out in the step (3.8), after the step (3) is started, starting a ground submersible pump (22), and then starting the stratified water injection test or the stratified water pressure test, wherein the amount of water injected into the test section can be recorded by a multi-stage flowmeter (21), the pressure change of the test section can be measured by a pressure sensor (10) and transmitted to a pressure data collector (18) for storage, the flow and pressure data are led into a computer (20), and the permeability coefficient of the test section can be obtained by selecting a proper data analysis method; the position of the main water flowing crack of the test section and the position of hydraulic connection with the test section can be judged in the same way as the step (3.5), the step (3.6) and the step (3.7).
12. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 11, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step (4.1) adjusting a valve of a high-pressure nitrogen controller (17) to enable the upper plug (5) and the lower plug (8) to synchronously discharge high-pressure gas and then restore the original state;
step (4.2) stopping data acquisition of the temperature measurement optical fiber (1) through the temperature measurement host (19), and stopping data acquisition of the pressure sensor (10) through the pressure data acquisition unit (18);
step (4.3) disconnecting the water inlet/drain pipe (16) from the drill rod (2);
step (4.4) upwards extracting a certain number of drill rods (2) to the next test section; and (5) repeating the step (2) and the step (3).
13. The method for positioning the device for positioning the water flowing fracture in the drilling delamination test process as recited in claim 12, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 5 comprises the following steps:
step (5.1) taking out the drill rod (2) in the hole and the underground submersible pump (9) in sequence;
step (5.2) disconnecting the pressure data line (15) from the pressure sensor (10);
step (5.3) unfolding the temperature measuring optical fiber (1) wound on the outer side of the connecting rod (7), loosening the connection between the sealing nut (24) and the sealing counter thread (26), and sequentially drawing the temperature measuring optical fiber out of the lower wire leading device (6), the upper plug (5) and the upper wire leading device (4);
step (5.4) the connection of the nylon tube (11) with the upper plug (5) and the lower plug (8) is loosened, the connection of the test section pressure measuring nylon tube (12) with the bottom of the lower plug (8) is disconnected, and the nylon tube (11) and the test section pressure measuring nylon tube (12) are sequentially drawn out of the lower wire leading device (6), the upper plug (5) and the upper wire leading device (4);
and (5.5) disconnecting the connecting rod (7) from the down-lead device (6), the lower plug (8) and the underground filter tube (14).
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| CN113216936A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-08-06 | 山东科技大学 | Overburden crack detection drilling device with data monitoring function |
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