CN111947988A - Device for layered pumping and sampling of underground water and test method thereof - Google Patents
Device for layered pumping and sampling of underground water and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111947988A CN111947988A CN202010859283.0A CN202010859283A CN111947988A CN 111947988 A CN111947988 A CN 111947988A CN 202010859283 A CN202010859283 A CN 202010859283A CN 111947988 A CN111947988 A CN 111947988A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a test method for underground water stratified pumping sampling, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises a plug system, a pumping system, an inflation system and a monitoring system; the embolization system comprises: the upper plug and the lower plug are formed by connecting a core pipe of the drill rod and two inflatable expansion bags wrapped on the periphery of the core pipe, and a data interface is arranged on the first surface of the upper plug; the pumping system includes: the water pumping filter pipe is positioned between the upper plug and the lower plug, the drill rod and the water pump are positioned at the top of the upper plug, the water pump is wrapped on the water pump and positioned on the closed sleeve, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water pump and extends to the ground; one end of the drill rod penetrates through the core pipe to be communicated with the water pumping filter pipe, and the other end of the drill rod penetrates through the closed sleeve to be communicated with the water pump so as to form a closed water pumping pipeline for pumping the target test section underground water. The device solves the problems that the maximum test depth is limited in the existing method and the water quality sampling quality is unreliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a groundwater stratified pumping sampling method, in particular to a device and a test method for groundwater stratified pumping sampling.
Background
In the field of hydrogeology, a groundwater stratified pumping sampling test is one of the most important means for groundwater exploration and research. The test can obtain groundwater stratification data such as different horizons or depths of aquifer hydraulic parameters, water levels, water quality, ages, isotopes and the like. The data are key parameters for simulating an underground hydrodynamic field, a chemical field, a temperature field and an age field, accurately describe the distribution condition of underground water, quantitatively depict the circulation rule of the underground water, reasonably develop, utilize and protect underground water resources, and have important scientific and practical values.
Because of the mobility of underground water, underground water in a drill hole is generally in a mixed state, a conventional water pumping sampling test can only obtain mixed parameters or water samples in the drill hole, even if different diameters are adopted to perform layered water stopping, the same drill hole can only perform 2-3 layers of water pumping tests, the operation difficulty is high, the well forming cost is high, the water stopping effect is poor, and detailed and reliable layered data are difficult to obtain.
In recent years, groundwater stratified pumping sampling tests based on a double-plug system are gradually applied in production. However, the underground water stratified pumping sampling test based on the double-plug system still has the following two problems: (1) the water pump is generally arranged between the double plugs for pumping water, and the maximum depth of the stratified pumping and sampling test is limited due to the limited water pumping depth of the water pump; (2) due to the fact that interlayer overflow or incomplete water stopping due to plugging may exist, a small amount of water from the outside of the water pumping section may be mixed into the sampling test section, so that the sampling water quality is polluted, and the pollution can cause unacceptable measurement errors for samples with higher sampling requirements such as groundwater isotope year measurement and the like. Because a small amount of extraneous water is mixed into the water sampling test, the water sampling test can hardly reflect the mixed water through water level monitoring data, and the difficulty of accurately judging whether all water samples come from a water pumping test section or not and whether the water samples are polluted by the extraneous water becomes a difficulty of a layered water pumping sampling test.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and a testing method for pumping and sampling underground water stratification, which solves the problems of limited maximum test depth and unreliable water quality sampling quality in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for pumping and sampling a subsurface water layer, including:
the system comprises a plugging system for separating well sections, a water pumping system for pumping water and sampling, an air charging system for assisting the plugging system, and a monitoring system for processing water level data of a water pumping test;
the embolization system comprises: the core pipe is connected with the drill rod, and the two inflatable expansion bags are wrapped on the periphery of the core pipe; said second inflatable bladder is adjacent to the bottom of the sealed core tube; a data interface is arranged on the end head of the upper plug;
the water pumping system comprises: the water pumping filter pipe is positioned between the upper plug and the lower plug, the drill rod and the water pump are positioned at the top of the upper plug, the closed sleeve pipe wraps the water pump, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water pump and extends to the ground;
one end of the drill rod penetrates through the core pipe to be communicated with the water pumping filter pipe, and the other end of the drill rod penetrates through the closed sleeve to be communicated with the water pump so as to form a closed water pumping pipeline for pumping the target test section underground water;
an inflation system for inflating the two inflatable bladders;
and the monitoring system is connected with the upper plug by means of a data interface and is used for monitoring the underground water level of each layer after layering.
Optionally, the inflation system comprises: a high-pressure gas pipeline, a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder and a pressure reducing valve which penetrate through the closed sleeve;
one end of the high-pressure air pipeline is respectively connected with the inflation interfaces of the two inflatable expansion bags, and the other end of the high-pressure air pipeline is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen bottle.
Optionally, the monitoring system comprises: a plurality of sets of pressure monitoring equipment (such as pressure sensors), data lines and processing equipment for measuring the target test section pressure;
the pressure monitoring equipment is respectively arranged above the upper plug, between the upper plug and the lower plug and below the lower plug, one end of the data line is connected with all the pressure monitoring equipment by means of a data interface of the upper plug, and the other end of the data line is connected with the processing equipment.
Optionally, the length of the water pumping filter tube is matched with that of the target test section;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is adjusted according to the thickness of the aquifer of the water pumping target section, and the upper plug and the lower plug are arranged on the area where the water-resisting layer or the low permeable layer exists.
Optionally, the water pumping system further comprises: a cable assembly for supplying power to the water pump;
the cable assembly includes: ground power supply frequency conversion equipment and a cable;
and the ground power supply frequency conversion equipment is connected with the water pump through a cable.
Optionally, the installation depth of the water pump is fixed at the maximum allowable water entry depth of the water pump, and the installation depth of the water pump is greater than the water level lowering depth and less than the maximum allowable water entry depth;
when the water level is deeper than the maximum water depth allowed by the water pump, the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is increased or the pumping flow is reduced to adjust the water level.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a testing method for the apparatus for pumping and sampling groundwater in a stratified manner according to any one of the first aspect, including:
s1, determining the position information of the target test section of the pumped water sampling based on the logging data;
s2, assembling a device for pumping and sampling the underground water layer, enabling the tail end of the drill rod to be located at the target test section, pressurizing the upper plug and the lower plug, and dividing the well wall into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section after the pressure of the upper plug and the lower plug exceeds the water pressure of the positions of the upper plug and the lower plug to obtain the layered water level;
the length of the drill rod is matched with the position information of the target test section, and the water pump is placed at the maximum water inlet depth allowed by the water pump;
s3, monitoring the water level change of the upper part of the upper plug, the position between the upper plug and the lower plug and the position below the lower plug corresponding to each layer, and acquiring the layered water level of the target test section when the change of the pressure of each layer in the first preset time period does not exceed the threshold value.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
s4, washing the well by adopting the maximum flow, and acquiring the flow and the depth reduction values of three falling ranges;
based on the flow and the depth reduction values of the three falling ranges, acquiring a permeability coefficient K of a test section position where the aquifer is located by adopting the following formula;
wherein K is the permeability coefficient of the test section position where the aquifer is located; q is the pumping flow; s is water level depth reduction; m is the length of the test segment, and R is the influence radius; r is the radius of the borehole,
optionally, the method further comprises:
acquiring a sampling flow and a water level depth reduction range according to the permeability coefficient K of the target test section and the length of the target test section;
Smax＝Dpump-Dwater
wherein D ispumpThe maximum water inlet depth allowed by the water pump; dwaterThe static water level burial depth of the target test section when the layered water level is stable; smaxIn order not to cause the maximum water level drop allowed by the pump crane, Smin5-6m, and the sampling flow rate is 1-6m3/h；
And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and (4) starting the test layer from the bottom of the drill hole, after the test of one layer is finished, deflating the plug, adjusting a drill rod between the water pump and the upper plug, lifting the plug system to the next test section, inflating again, and repeating the test steps.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if the water level is greater than S within the sampling flow rangemaxIf the length is less than 5m, adjusting the length of the water pumping test section;
wherein, the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is increased to reduce the water level drop, so that the water level drop is 5m to SmaxA range of (d);
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
before pumping water and sampling, emptying water stored in the well pipe, testing water quality parameter indexes, and starting sampling when the water quality parameter indexes are stable.
(III) advantageous effects
The device for pumping and sampling water can ensure that the layered water pumping test depth is not limited by the maximum water inlet depth of the water pump any more, can realize the layered test depth with larger depth, can be used for carrying out related tests in aquifers with large thickness or large depth, and solves the problem that the maximum test depth is limited.
In addition, by optimizing the layered water pumping test flow, particularly by adjusting the position and the length of the test section, optimizing the sampling flow, reducing the depth and other measures, the possibility of overflow between layers and the mixing of external water is reduced, whether the sampling is polluted or not can be effectively judged, and a more accurate layered sampling result is realized.
Furthermore, the adjustment and optimization in the test process can effectively control the effect and quality of the stratified pumping sampling test, and accurate and reliable data can be provided for aquifer fine portrayal and underground water circulation research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for pumping and sampling the underground water layer provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a testing method based on the device shown in fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals:
11 a core tube; 12 an inflatable bladder; 13 an inflation fitting; 14 data line connector/data interface; 15 sealing lid/threaded sealing bottom lid;
21 pumping a filter pipe; 22 drill rods; 23, a water pump; 24 closing the sleeve; 25, discharging a water pipe; 26 cable wires; 27 supplying power frequency conversion equipment;
31 a high pressure gas line; a 32 pressure reducing valve; 33 high-pressure nitrogen cylinder;
41 a pressure sensor; 42 data lines; 43 processing device (e.g., a computer or a host computer).
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an apparatus for pumping water for sampling a groundwater layer according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus for pumping water for sampling a groundwater layer according to the embodiment may include: the system comprises a plugging system for separating well sections, a water pumping system for pumping water and sampling, an air charging system for assisting the plugging system, and a monitoring system for recording and displaying water level data of a water pumping test.
The embolization system comprises: the core tube 11 connected with the drill rod and two inflatable expansion bags 12 wrapped on the periphery of the core tube, wherein the first inflatable expansion bag forms an upper plug with the core tube after being inflated, and the second inflatable expansion bag forms a lower plug with the core tube after being inflated; said second inflatable bladder is adjacent to the bottom of the sealed core tube; the first surface (the surface far away from the lower plug) of the upper plug is provided with a data interface.
In connection with fig. 1, the embolization system comprises an upper embolization and a lower embolization (not shown). In the specific application, the upper plug and the lower plug can be both in a cylindrical shape, the length of the upper plug is 1.5 meters, the upper plug and the lower plug are composed of a stainless steel core pipe 11 and an inflatable expansion rubber air bag 12 wrapping the stainless steel core pipe, two ends of the core pipe can be connected with a drill rod 22 through threads, and an inflation joint 13 and a data line joint 14 are reserved at the end head of the upper plug; the end of the lower plug is reserved with an air inflation interface/joint, and the lower part of the core pipe is provided with a threaded sealing bottom cover 15.
The water pumping system comprises: a water pumping filter pipe 21 positioned between the upper plug and the lower plug, a drill pipe 22 positioned at the top of the upper plug, a water pump 23, a closed sleeve 24 wrapping the water pump 23, and a water outlet pipe 25 communicated with the water pump and extending to the ground;
one end of the drill rod penetrates through the core pipe 11 and is communicated with the water pumping filter pipe 21, and the other end of the drill rod penetrates through the closed sleeve 23 and is communicated with the water pump 23 to form a closed water pumping pipeline for pumping the target test section underground water;
it can be understood that in fig. 1, the pumping filter pipe 21, the drill pipe 22, the water pump 23, the closed sleeve 24 for wrapping the water pump and the water outlet pipe 25 form a pumping system. Wherein, the pumping filter tube 21 is connected with the upper plug and the lower plug through threads, and the length of the pumping filter tube 21 can be adjusted according to the length of a required test segment; and a cable joint is reserved at the top of the closed sleeve 24 and is connected with a ground power supply frequency conversion cabinet 27 through a cable 26. The upper plug core pipe 11, the drill pipe 22, the closed sleeve 24 and the water outlet pipe 25 are connected to form a closed water pumping pipeline, and the water pump 23 is used for pumping the underground water of the target test section through the water pumping filter pipe 21.
That is to say, the water pump is placed in the closed sleeve and is connected with the drill rod through the closed sleeve, the lower part of the water pump penetrates through the upper plug to be communicated with the filter pipe, and the upper drill rod extends to the well mouth to be communicated with the water outlet pipe, so that a water pumping system is formed.
And the inflation system is used for inflating the two inflatable expansion bags.
The inflation system of the present embodiment may include: a high-pressure gas pipeline 31, a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 33 and a pressure reducing valve 32 which penetrate through the closed sleeve 24; one end of the high-pressure air pipeline 31 is respectively connected with the inflation interfaces of the two inflatable expansion bags, and the other end of the high-pressure air pipeline is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen bottle 33. The high-pressure air pipeline is connected with the upper plug and the lower plug, then passes through a closed sleeve wrapping the water pump, and is connected with a ground high-pressure nitrogen cylinder through a pressure reducing valve to form an inflation system.
And the monitoring system is connected with the upper plug by means of a data interface and is used for monitoring the underground water level data of each layer after layering.
In fig. 1, the monitoring system includes: a plurality of sets of pressure sensors 41 for measuring the pressure of the test section of interest, a data line 42, and a processing device 43. All pressure sensors are arranged between the upper and lower plugs, one end of the data line being connected to the pressure sensor 41 by means of the data interface of the upper plug, and the other end being connected to the processing device 43. For example, the processing device 43 of the present embodiment may be a host computer, a computer, or the like, which is not limited in the present embodiment and is selected according to actual needs.
The treatment device 43 of the embodiment can display the change of the groundwater bit data in real time during the test.
The three sets of pressure sensors have the following position relations: the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the water level of three layers and is connected with a computer through a data line.
In addition, with the structure shown in fig. 1, the assembly sequence of the above-described apparatus can be explained as follows:
the connection sequence of the components is as follows from bottom to top: the water pump comprises a lower plug, a water pumping filter pipe 21, an upper plug, a part of drill pipe 22, a water pump 23, a closed sleeve 24, a part of drill pipe 22 and a water outlet pipe 25.
Secondly, the water pump 23 is placed in the closed sleeve 24 and is connected with the drill stem 22 through the closed sleeve 24, and the cable 26 passes through a reserved cable joint at the top of the closed sleeve 24 and is connected with the ground power supply frequency conversion cabinet 27.
Thirdly, the high-pressure gas pipeline 31 is connected with the upper plug and the lower plug, then penetrates through the closed sleeve 24 wrapping the water pump, extends to the ground surface, and is connected with a ground high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 33 through a pressure reducing valve 32 to form an inflation system.
And fourthly, 3 sets of pressure sensors 41 are respectively placed at the upper part of the upper plug, between the two plugs and at the lower part of the lower plug, and are connected with a computer 43 through data lines 42.
That is, the target test section measured in this embodiment may be a test section including three levels, and for this purpose, one set of pressure sensor may be placed in each target test section, and three sets of pressure sensors may be placed in this embodiment. Of course, in other embodiments, three horizons need not be defined, and can be adjusted as desired.
Fifthly, in order to avoid that the water level of the water pump is too deep to cause the hanging pump (the water level is lower than the position of the water pump, the water pump is exposed out of the water surface, and the water pump is in a dry pumping state), the installation depth of the water pump is larger than the water level depth and smaller than the maximum allowable water inlet depth, namely, the depth of the water pump is fixed at the maximum allowable water inlet depth of the water pump. If the water level is deeper than the maximum water inlet depth allowed by the water pump, the water level can be adjusted by increasing the distance between the two plugs, namely the length of the water pumping test section, or reducing the water pumping flow.
If the pump hanging condition still exists, the relation between the water level lowering depth and the length of the water pumping segment can be determined according to the following formula (1), and the water level lowering depth is reduced to a required range by increasing the distance between the two plugs (the length of the water pumping segment) according to the relation.
The distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is determined according to the thickness of the aquifer at the test section of the pumping purpose; the upper and lower plugs should be placed at locations where there is a water barrier or relatively low permeability layer to reduce hydraulic communication between the layer to be pumped and the adjacent layers.
In this embodiment, the length of the pumping filter 21 is matched to the length of the target test section. Accordingly, the installation depth of the water pump is fixed at the maximum allowable water inlet depth of the water pump. The layered water pumping test depth is not limited by the maximum water inlet depth of the water pump any more in the structure, the layered test depth with larger depth can be realized, the layered water pumping test depth can be used for developing related tests in large-thickness or large-depth aquifers, and the popularization and application prospect is wide.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a testing method of an apparatus for pumping and sampling groundwater in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the testing method of the embodiment may include the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining the position of the test section: the position of a pumping sampling section with high permeability is firstly determined. Then, preferably, so that there is a relative water barrier at the top and bottom of each test section.
The second step is that: assembly and inflation of the device described in the first embodiment above: the components are connected in the above-described sequence by using a drill rod of suitable length and lowered into the borehole (i.e., the end of the drill rod) to the desired test section position. The plug is then pressurized with compressed nitrogen gas at a pressure exceeding the water pressure at the location of the plug. After inflation, the plug forms a seal on the well wall and divides the well wall into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. After the three layers of water levels are kept stable after aeration, layered water levels are obtained.
The third step: and (3) layered water level observation: and observing the change of the water levels of the three layers through the pressure sensors, and obtaining the target test section stratified water level when the pressure observed by the pressure sensors of the three layers is kept unchanged.
For example, the water level changes of three layers are observed through a pressure sensor, and if the water levels of the three layers become different after inflation, the sealing effect between the packer and the well wall is good. And when the pressure observed by the three horizon pressure sensors is kept unchanged and lasts for more than 2 hours, obtaining the target test section stratified water level.
The fourth step: well flushing trial pumping and parameter calculation: the well is first flushed with maximum flow (maximum pumped water volume without pump hang-up). When water is pumped, the water level of the middle layer is obviously reduced, and the water levels of the upper layer and the lower layer are stable and do not synchronously change, so that successful water stopping of the plug is considered. Then, the maximum, medium and small fall distances are adopted for trial extraction. The flow and the depth reduction value of three falling strokes can be obtained through well washing and pumping.
It should be noted that the maximum flow rate is used for large-drop well flushing and pump testing. Then, the flow of half and one third of the maximum flow is adopted to respectively perform the trial pumping of the middle and small drop distances. The flow and the depth reduction value of three falling strokes can be obtained through well washing and pumping. And observing the water levels of the three layers when the pump is started to pump water, wherein the water level of the middle layer is obviously reduced, and the water levels of the upper layer and the lower layer are stable and do not synchronously change with the water levels of the middle layer and the lower layer, so that successful water stopping by embolism is realized. And (3) calculating the permeability coefficient K of the test section position of the aquifer by adopting a formula (1) according to three groups of flow and depth reduction values respectively corresponding to the three falling ranges, and taking the average value as the permeability coefficient of the time section.
And (3) obtaining the permeability coefficient K of the test section position of the aquifer by adopting the following formula through iterative calculation:
in the formula, K is the permeability coefficient of the test section position where the aquifer is located; q is the pumping flow; s is water level depth reduction; m is the length of the test segment, and R is the influence radius; r is the borehole radius.
The fifth step: determining the sampling flow and the water level depth reduction:
in order to ensure enough flow rate capable of meeting the sampling requirement and ensure that the depth reduction is small enough to avoid overflowing, the key is to control the pumping flow rate and the water level depth reduction range. When parameters such as the permeability coefficient of the aquifer, the length of the test section and the like are known, the relation between the pumping flow and the water level depth is determined by the formula (3) and is a linear relation. According to the relation, the flow rate and the water level depth reducing range required by sampling are adjusted.
For example, the sampling flow and the water level lowering are adjusted according to the formula (3), and the target range of the sampling flow is 1-6m3The water level is reduced within the control target range, the minimum value is 5m, and the maximum value is the maximum water level reduction S allowed by the pump cranemaxDetermined by the following equation:
Smax＝Dpump-Dwater (3)
in the above formula, DpumpThe maximum water inlet depth allowed by the water pump; dwaterThe water level is buried deeply for the static water level of the target test section after the layered water level is stable.
And a sixth step: adjusting the length of a water pumping test section: if the water level is not controlled to the target range within the sampling flow range, the pump lifting phenomenon occurs or the water level is reduced to be less than 5m, the length of the water pumping segment (namely the distance between the two plugs) is increased to reduce the water level to be reduced to the required range, and then the required time period length is calculated according to the formula (1).
The seventh step: pumping water and sampling:
and (4) opening a water pump to start a water pumping test, and emptying the water stored in the well pipe before sampling. Meanwhile, the water quality change is tested on site. The water quality is tested on site every 10 minutes, and the water quality site test indexes comprise water temperature, conductivity, pH value and oxidation-reduction potential. When the water quality index reaches the stability, sampling can be started.
It will be appreciated that when the sampling flow and water level drop have stabilized and three times the well bore volume has been pumped, the monitoring of water quality begins, with a monitoring frequency of 1 time per 10 minutes. The water quality field test indexes comprise water temperature, conductivity, pH value and oxidation-reduction potential. When the variation range of the water quality index monitoring result for 3 consecutive times is within 5%, the water quality is judged to be stable, and sampling can be started.
Furthermore, the layered water quality and the variation trend thereof should be compared with the water quality of the drilling mixed water and the layered water quality of the adjacent layer, and if the variation trend or the stable water quality is close to the former two, the possibility of water quality cross-layer pollution exists. In this case, the pumping flow needs to be adjusted to the minimum flow required by sampling, the water quality change is monitored again, and if the condition is not changed, the contact position between the upper plug and the lower plug and the hole wall needs to be finely adjusted, and then the test steps are repeated.
Eighth step: the test horizon is lifted up step by step from the bottom of the drill hole. After the test of a layer is finished, after the air release of the plug is finished, lifting and taking down the redundant drill rod between the water pump and the upper plug, lifting the plug system to the next test section, re-inflating, and repeating the test steps.
The method of the embodiment greatly reduces the possibility of interlayer overflow and mixing of external water by optimizing the flow of the layered water pumping test, particularly by adjusting the position and the length of the test section, optimizing the sampling flow, reducing the depth and other measures. Furthermore, the method can also effectively judge whether the sampling is polluted or not, and realize more accurate layered sampling results.
According to the method, evaluation is timely carried out through monitoring, adjustment and optimization are carried out in the test process, the effect and quality of the stratified pumping sampling test can be effectively controlled, and accurate and reliable data can be provided for aquifer fine portrayal and underground water circulation research.
It should be noted that in the description of the present specification, the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the claims should be construed to include preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for stratified pumping and sampling groundwater, comprising:
the system comprises a plugging system for separating well sections, a water pumping system for pumping water and sampling, an air charging system for assisting the plugging system, and a monitoring system for processing water level data of a water pumping test;
the embolization system comprises: the core tube (11) connected with the drill rod and two inflatable expansion bags (12) wrapped on the periphery of the core tube, wherein the first inflatable expansion bag forms an upper plug with the core tube after being inflated, and the second inflatable expansion bag forms a lower plug with the core tube after being inflated; said second inflatable bladder is adjacent to the bottom of the sealed core tube; a data interface is arranged on the end head of the upper plug;
the water pumping system comprises: a water pumping filter pipe (21) positioned between the upper plug and the lower plug, a drill rod (22) positioned at the top of the upper plug, a water pump (23), a closed sleeve (24) wrapping the water pump (23), and a water outlet pipe (25) communicated with the water pump and extending to the ground;
one end of the drill rod penetrates through the core pipe (11) and is communicated with the water pumping filter pipe (21), and the other end of the drill rod penetrates through the closed sleeve (23) and is communicated with the water pump (23) to form a closed water pumping pipeline for pumping the target test section underground water;
an inflation system for inflating the two inflatable bladders;
and the monitoring system is connected with the upper plug by means of a data interface and is used for monitoring the underground water level of each layer after layering.
2. The device for groundwater sampling as claimed in claim 1,
the inflation system includes: a high-pressure gas pipeline (31), a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder (33) and a pressure reducing valve (32) which penetrate through the closed sleeve (24);
one end of the high-pressure air pipeline (31) is respectively connected with the inflation interfaces of the two inflatable expansion bags, and the other end of the high-pressure air pipeline is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen bottle (33).
3. The device for groundwater sampling as claimed in claim 1,
the monitoring system includes: a plurality of sets of pressure monitoring devices for measuring the target test section pressure, a data line (42) and a processing device (43);
the pressure monitoring devices are respectively arranged above the upper plug, between the upper plug and the lower plug and below the lower plug, one end of the data line is connected with all the pressure monitoring devices by means of a data interface of the upper plug, and the other end of the data line is connected with the processing device (43).
4. The device for groundwater sampling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the water pumping filter tube (21) is matched to the length of the target section;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is adjusted according to the thickness of the aquifer of the water pumping target section, and the upper plug and the lower plug are arranged on the area where the water-resisting layer or the low permeable layer exists.
5. The apparatus for subsurface water stratification, pumping sampling of water of claim 1 wherein the pumping system further comprises: a cable assembly for supplying power to the water pump;
the cable assembly includes: ground power supply frequency conversion equipment (27) and a cable (26);
and the ground power supply frequency conversion equipment (27) is connected with the water pump through a cable (26).
6. The device for groundwater sampling as claimed in claim 1,
the mounting depth of the water pump is fixed at the maximum allowable water inlet depth of the water pump, and the mounting depth of the water pump is larger than the water level lowering depth and smaller than the maximum allowable water inlet depth;
when the water level is deeper than the maximum water depth allowed by the water pump, the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is increased or the pumping flow is reduced to adjust the water level.
7. A method of testing the apparatus for stratified pumping sampling of subsurface water according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
s1, determining the position information of the target test section of the pumped water sampling based on the logging data;
s2, assembling a device for pumping and sampling the underground water layer, enabling the tail end of the drill rod to be located at the target test section, pressurizing the upper plug and the lower plug, and dividing the well wall into an upper section, a middle section and a lower section after the pressure of the upper plug and the lower plug exceeds the water pressure of the positions of the upper plug and the lower plug to obtain the layered water level;
the length of the drill rod is matched with the position information of the target test section, and the water pump is placed at the maximum water inlet depth allowed by the water pump;
s3, monitoring the water level change of the upper part of the upper plug, the position between the upper plug and the lower plug and the position below the lower plug corresponding to each layer, and acquiring the layered water level of the target test section when the change of the pressure of each layer in the first preset time period does not exceed the threshold value.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
s4, washing the well by adopting the maximum flow, and acquiring the flow and the depth reduction values of three falling ranges;
based on the flow and the depth reduction values of the three falling ranges, acquiring a permeability coefficient K of a test section position where the aquifer is located by adopting the following formula;
wherein K is the permeability coefficient of the test section position where the aquifer is located; q is the pumping flow; s is water level depth reduction; m is the length of the test segment, and R is the influence radius; r is the radius of the borehole,
9. the method of claim 7, further comprising:
acquiring a sampling flow and a water level depth reduction range according to the permeability coefficient K of the target test section and the length of the target test section;
Smax＝Dpump-Dwater
wherein D ispumpMaximum allowable for water pumpThe depth of entry; dwaterThe static water level burial depth of the target test section when the layered water level is stable; smaxIn order not to cause the maximum water level drop allowed by the pump crane, Smin5-6m, and the sampling flow rate is 1-6m3/h；
And/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and (4) starting the test layer from the bottom of the drill hole, after the test of one layer is finished, deflating the plug, adjusting a drill rod between the water pump and the upper plug, lifting the plug system to the next test section, inflating again, and repeating the test steps.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
if the water level is greater than S within the sampling flow rangemaxIf the length is less than 5m, adjusting the length of the water pumping test section;
wherein, the distance between the upper plug and the lower plug is increased to reduce the water level drop, so that the water level drop is 5m to SmaxA range of (d);
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
before pumping water and sampling, emptying water stored in the well pipe, testing water quality parameter indexes, and starting sampling when the water quality parameter indexes are stable.
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