CN108982342B - Device and method for evaluating erosion resistance of sand control screen pipe of high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well and application of device and method - Google Patents
Device and method for evaluating erosion resistance of sand control screen pipe of high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well and application of device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation device and an evaluation method for erosion resistance of a sand control screen pipe of a high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well and application of the evaluation device and the evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of experimental devices and evaluation methods of sand control well completion evaluation equipment of gas wells. The evaluation device comprises a high-pressure fluid pumping module, a horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and a filtering sand collection module; the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module comprises a horizontal well simulation shaft, a screen pipe short section, an electric heating sleeve, a sand discharge port, a liquid outlet and an adjustable nozzle group, wherein the adjustable nozzle group can be externally connected with externally connected nozzles with different lengths and different angles, and the erosion and abrasion rule of the screen pipe under the actual production condition of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well can be highly simulated; collecting and measuring the produced sand quality and the particle size distribution in different time periods by using a filtering sand collecting system; the quantitative evaluation of the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe can be realized by continuously measuring and calculating the pressure difference inside and outside the screen pipe, the sand passing amount and the sand passing particle size distribution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaluation device and an evaluation method for erosion resistance of a sand control screen pipe of a high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well and application of the evaluation device and the evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of experimental devices and evaluation methods of sand control well completion evaluation equipment of gas wells.
Background
In the conventional oil and gas reservoirs in China and the world, more than 70 percent of the reservoirs are weakly cemented loose sandstone oil and gas reservoirs, and the sand production of the stratum is serious in the process of exploitation. The sand production refers to the phenomenon that during the exploitation of oil and natural gas loose sandstone reservoirs and natural gas hydrate reservoirs, formation sand grains are produced to a shaft or the ground along with formation fluid. The sand control is a main way for solving the problem of sand production at present, and no matter what type of sand control is adopted, the mechanical sieve tube is a key component of a sand control system, so that the long-time stability of the sand control performance of the mechanical sieve tube is very important for the sand control quality, the sand control validity period and the oil-gas well yield of the oil-gas well. The damage forms of the sand control screen pipe in the oil and gas production process mainly comprise screen pipe erosion wear failure, extrusion damage, screen pipe blockage and the like, wherein the erosion failure is one of the most common forms of the sand control screen pipe damage. The main factors causing the screen pipe erosion wear failure are production pressure difference, oil and gas well yield, oil and gas sand concentration and sand particle size distribution in the production process.
Aiming at the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well, under the condition that the sand is prevented by adopting an independent screen pipe or gravel is used for filling sand, but the sand is not uniformly filled, even the gravel is not filled on the upper surface of the screen pipe, the sand control screen pipe directly faces the impact action of the sand-containing fluid, the probability of erosion, abrasion and failure of the sand control screen pipe is greatly improved, and once the sand control screen pipe fails, the failure of the integral sand control operation of the oil-gas well is caused. The existing experimental device for researching the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe uses the screen pipe piece to research single-point erosion, and does not consider the production conditions of multi-point non-uniform inflow, gas-water co-production, high formation temperature and the like in the actual horizontal well gas reservoir exploitation process. Therefore, an experimental device capable of simulating the exploitation conditions of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well in a laboratory needs to be developed for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe and the change rule of the sand blocking precision in the erosion process and predicting the service life of the sand control screen pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for evaluating the erosion resistance of a sand control screen pipe of a high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well;
the invention also provides an evaluation method and application of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well.
The method is used for researching erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe under production conditions of multipoint non-uniform inflow, gas-water co-production, high formation temperature and the like, and sand blocking precision change rule in the erosion process and predicting the service life of the sand control screen pipe under a certain production condition.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is characterized by comprising a high-pressure fluid pumping module, an erosion simulation module of the screen pipe of the horizontal well and a filtering and sand collecting module; the outlet of the high-pressure fluid pumping module is connected with the inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the outlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module is connected with the inlet of the filtering sand collection module;
the high-pressure fluid pumping module comprises a high-pressure gas pumping module and an automatic sand mixer, the automatic sand mixer is connected with an inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the gas pumping module is used for simulating the exploitation conditions of a gas production well;
the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module comprises a horizontal well simulation shaft, a screen pipe nipple, an electric heating sleeve, a sand discharge port, a liquid outlet and an adjustable nozzle group, wherein the screen pipe nipple is horizontally arranged inside the horizontal well simulation shaft, the electric heating sleeve is arranged outside the screen pipe nipple, the adjustable nozzle group is vertically arranged on the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the sand discharge port is arranged on the wall of the bottom of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the liquid outlet is arranged at one end, connected with the screen pipe nipple, of the horizontal well simulation shaft, and the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module is used for simulating the erosion and wear rule of the screen pipe under the actual production condition of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well;
the filtering sand collecting module comprises a sand collector, a beaker and an emptying valve, the sand collector is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module, the emptying valve is arranged at the outlet end of the sand collector, and the beaker is arranged at the outlet end of the emptying valve.
The design has the advantages that the screen pipe nipple processed by the common sand control screen pipe in the oil field is directly used for carrying out experiments, and the erosion abrasion rule of the screen pipe under the actual production conditions (gas flow rate, fluid sand content, sand content grain diameter, erosion angle and formation temperature) of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well can be highly simulated. The high-pressure fluid pumping module is used for simulating the exploitation conditions of an oil-gas reservoir, and can add prepared simulated formation sand into injection fluid at a certain speed according to the density and sand content of sand produced by an actual production well, so that the formation sand is carried by the injection fluid and impacts the surface of the screen pipe nipple; in the horizontal well sieve tube erosion simulation module, a sieve tube short section is used for simulating a shaft of a horizontal section of a horizontal well; the sand discharge port is used for removing formation sand which is blocked by the screen pipe nipple and stays in the horizontal well simulation shaft in the experiment process; the electric heating sleeve heats the sand control screen pipe; and the filtering and sand collecting module is used for filtering solid-phase formation sand in the sand mixing fluid entering the filtering and sand collecting module, enabling the liquid to enter a beaker, emptying gas, weighing the collected formation sand at intervals and carrying out granularity analysis, measuring the sand passing amount, the sand passing particle size and other data of the sand control screen pipe at different time points, and detecting the change rule of the permeability and the sand blocking precision of the sand control screen pipe and the erosion resistance of the screen pipe protective cover, the sand blocking layer and the base pipe in the erosion and abrasion experiment process.
According to the invention, the high-pressure fluid pumping module further comprises a high-pressure liquid pumping module and a gas-liquid mixer, the high-pressure liquid pumping module is connected with the high-pressure gas pumping module in parallel, the high-pressure liquid pumping module comprises a liquid storage tank and a constant flow pump which are sequentially connected, the high-pressure gas pumping module comprises a high-displacement air compressor, a pressure-stabilizing air storage tank, a gas pressure reducing valve, a gas flow meter and a one-way valve which are sequentially connected, and an inlet of the gas-liquid mixer is connected with the high-pressure liquid pumping module and an outlet of the high-pressure gas pumping module; the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is connected with the inlet of the automatic sand mixer.
The design has the advantages that gas used in the experiment is output by the high-displacement air compressor and then is filled into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, the gas is output according to a certain flow rate by adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve, and the flow rate of the output gas is monitored in real time through the gas flowmeter. The function of the check valve is to prevent backflow of the liquid phase into the gas phase pumping system. When the high-pressure liquid pumping module is used for simulating the production conditions of the water-producing gas well to perform an experiment, a certain amount of liquid is provided to be mixed with gas and then injected according to the gas-water ratio in the actual production conditions, and the gas-liquid mixer is used for mixing gas phase and liquid phase and then stably injecting the mixture into the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation system to perform an erosion simulation experiment in the process of performing an erosion experiment of gas-water two-phase mixed injection.
According to the invention, the length of the screen pipe nipple is 25-50cm, the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module further comprises an inlet pressure sensor, a screen pipe nipple fixing rod and an outlet pressure sensor, the inlet pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and connected with the outlet of the automatic sand mixer, the outlet pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module and connected with the inlet of the filtering and sand collecting module, one end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is connected with the screen pipe nipple, the other end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is arranged on the horizontal well simulation shaft, the horizontal well simulation shaft is cylindrical, one end connected with the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is sealed, and other parts except the arranged liquid outlet are sealed.
The advantage of the design here is that the inlet pressure sensor is placed in the line before the adjustable nozzle block for measuring the injection pressure of the fluid during the experiment; the outlet pressure sensor is arranged at a liquid outlet of a horizontal well simulation shaft, and the permeability change of the sieve tube is calculated by measuring the inside and outside pressure difference change of the sieve tube short section in the experiment process, so that the precision change and the erosion wear degree of the sieve tube are qualitatively predicted, the lengths of the sieve tube short sections for experiments are different, the sieve tube short section fixing rods are used for fixing the experiment short sections, and the end parts are sealed.
According to the invention, the number of the adjustable nozzle groups is multiple, the adjustable nozzle groups are uniformly distributed on the cylinder wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the heating range of the electric heating sleeve is 30-200 ℃, the electric heating sleeve is arranged between the neutral positions of the cylinder wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft corresponding to the adjustable nozzle groups, each adjustable nozzle group is provided with 5-10 nozzles, each nozzle is provided with an external nozzle, the external nozzles comprise a reference nozzle, a first lengthened nozzle, a second lengthened nozzle and an inclined nozzle, the nozzles are provided with valves, and the number, the position, the length, the inclined angle and the inflow speed of inflow nozzles are adjusted by closing or opening the nozzles at different positions, so that the non-uniform inflow profile of perforation holes in an actual horizontal well is simulated.
The design has the advantages that the electric heating sleeve is arranged to prevent the electric heating sleeve from being impacted by sand-carrying fluid before the sand control screen pipe, the number, the position, the length, the inclination angle and the inflow speed of inflow nozzles are adjusted by closing or opening the nozzles at different parts, the non-uniform inflow conditions of perforation holes in an actual horizontal well are simulated, and meanwhile, the erosion distance and the erosion angle can be used for researching the erosion abrasion rule of the sand control screen pipe.
According to the preferable preference of the invention, the filtering and sand-collecting module further comprises a gas-liquid separator, wherein an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the liquid outlet, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the sand collector.
The advantage of this department design lies in, carries out gas-liquid separation with the muddy sand fluid of the simulation system exit end output from horizontal well screen pipe erosion in the experimentation, guarantees that the stratum sand of output can be smooth stable entering sand collector, and gas-liquid separator can conveniently dismantle, only uses when using the gas-water two-phase to carry out sand-carrying erosion simulation experiment
The evaluation method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the permeability change rate of the sieve tube;
step two, calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube;
step three, calculating the erosion wear rate of the sieve tube;
and step four, calculating the erosion life of the sieve tube.
The design has the advantages that in the process of evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well, the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe is quantitatively evaluated finally through continuously monitoring data such as internal and external pressure difference, sand passing amount, sand passing particle size distribution, gas flow, erosion thickness and the like of the short section of the screen pipe and observing and measuring the final erosion form and erosion rate of the screen pipe protective cover, the sand blocking layer and the base pipe.
According to the invention, the calculation method of the screen pipe permeability change rate is preferably as follows:
screen pipe permeability change rate (screen pipe permeability change amount/screen pipe initial permeability)
The design has the advantages that the internal and external pressures of the screen pipe nipple in the experimental process are tested through the inlet pressure sensor and the outlet pressure sensor, and the permeability change condition of the screen pipe in the erosion and wear experimental process is calculated in real time through a permeability calculation formula; because the screen pipe permeability is increased in the erosion process, the screen pipe permeability is reduced in the plugging process, the screen pipe permeability change rate cannot completely describe the screen pipe erosion abrasion condition, and the screen pipe erosion abrasion condition needs to be described by other indexes.
According to the optimization of the invention, the method for calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
screen pipe sand blocking precision change rate (current sand blocking precision of screen pipe-nominal sand blocking precision of screen pipe)/nominal sand blocking precision of screen pipe
The advantage of the design here is that the quality and the maximum grain size of produced sand are collected and measured by using the filtering sand collecting system in different periods of time, and because the fluid sand content and the distribution of the formation sand grain size are consistent in the whole experiment process, the higher the screen rate in a certain period of time is, the smaller the sand blocking precision of the screen pipe is, and the maximum grain size of the produced sand is the current sand blocking precision of the screen pipe.
According to the invention, the calculation method of the screen pipe erosion wear rate comprises the following steps:
screen pipe erosion wear rate (screen pipe initial mass-screen pipe mass after failure)/screen pipe initial mass
The design has the advantages that acetone is used for washing the sand control screen pipe sample before the beginning of the experiment, surface stains are removed, the sand control screen pipe sample is dried and weighed, the required precision reaches 0.01g, and the sand control screen pipe which fails in erosion is cleaned and weighed again after the erosion experiment is finished, so that the erosion wear rate of the screen pipe is obtained. When the sand control screen pipe has a multilayer structure (a protective cover, a sand blocking layer and a base pipe), the multilayer structure can be respectively weighed and calculated.
According to the invention, the calculation method of the screen pipe erosion life is preferably as follows:
the screen pipe erosion life is the time used when the maximum sand passing particle size of the short section of the screen pipe is larger than the median of the sand particle size of the stratum.
The design has the advantages that the screen pipe erosion service life is generally considered to be the time for the sand control screen pipe to be eroded and punctured by the sand-containing fluid in the industry at present, and in fact, the screen pipe precision is gradually increased along with the erosion process, and the sand control screen pipe gradually loses efficacy, so the screen pipe erosion resistance evaluation method considers that the current sand control screen pipe cannot effectively prevent most of formation sand from entering a shaft, namely the service life is ended, screen pipe erosion resistance evaluation experiments are carried out by using different screen pipe short joints, different gas flow rates and sand content conditions, screen pipe erosion service life charts under different production conditions can be drawn according to the experiment results, and the screen pipe erosion service life charts are used for predicting the service life of the sand control screen pipe on the oil field.
The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well comprises the following steps,
step one, selecting and fixing a screen pipe short section for an experiment;
step two, installing an electric heating sleeve and adjusting to a specified temperature to heat the screen pipe short section;
thirdly, sequentially connecting a high-pressure fluid pumping module, a horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and a filtering sand collection module;
step four, selectively installing external nozzles on the adjustable nozzle group, and closing all valves;
preparing experimental simulated formation sand according to the actual core sand particle size distribution data, loading the experimental simulated formation sand into an automatic sand mixer, and setting the automatic sand mixing speed;
opening valves of nozzles in specified quantity and positions according to experimental planning;
seventhly, adjusting the high-pressure fluid pumping module, and injecting experimental fluid;
step eight, after the fluid to be tested is stably injected, opening the automatic sand mixer to mix the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft at a certain speed and carry the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft by the fluid;
step nine, observing and recording an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor, and collecting, drying, weighing and analyzing granularity of produced formation sand at regular time;
and step ten, taking out the screen pipe nipple after the experiment is finished, observing and analyzing, and cleaning formation sand retained in the horizontal well simulation shaft through a sand discharge port.
Preferably, if the production conditions of the horizontal steam or oil and gas production well in the same layer are simulated, the seventh step is: adding enough liquid into a liquid storage tank, filling gas into a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, injecting the gas into a gas-liquid mixer according to a certain flow rate according to experiment requirements, and simultaneously starting a constant flow pump to inject the liquid into the gas-liquid mixer together, wherein the experiment fluid is liquid and gas.
Preferably, if the production conditions of the gas well are simulated, the seventh step is: and filling gas into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, and injecting the gas into a gas-liquid mixer according to an experimental requirement, wherein the experimental fluid is gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the adjustable nozzle group and the external nozzles with different lengths and angles are arranged, so that the mining condition of multipoint non-uniform inflow in the actual horizontal well gas reservoir mining process can be simulated, and the erosion distance and the erosion angle can be used for researching the erosion wear rule of the sand control screen pipe;
2. the high-pressure fluid pumping module can simulate the exploitation conditions of water-gas co-production in the actual horizontal well gas reservoir exploitation process, and can carry out the study on the erosion and wear rules of the sand control screen pipe by gas flow rate, fluid sand content and sand content particle size;
3. the electric heating jacket provided by the invention can simulate the exploitation condition of high temperature of the bottom layer in the exploitation process of the gas reservoir of the boundary horizontal well;
4. the invention can realize quantitative evaluation of erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe by continuously measuring and calculating the pressure difference inside and outside the screen pipe, the sand passing amount and the sand passing particle size distribution and analyzing the change rule of the permeability and the sand blocking precision of the sand control screen pipe in the experimental process.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system connection of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a horizontal well simulated wellbore according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a structural comparison of four nozzles according to the present invention.
Fig. 1 to 3 show, 1, an automatic sand mixer; 2. a horizontal well simulation shaft; 3. a sand discharge port; 4. a liquid outlet; 5. an adjustable nozzle set; 6. a screen pipe nipple; 7. a sand collector; 8. an electric heating jacket; 9. an atmospheric valve; 10. a gas-liquid mixer; 11. a liquid storage tank; 12. a constant flow pump; 13. a high-displacement air compressor; 14. a pressure stabilizing air storage tank; 15. a gas pressure reducing valve; 16. a gas flow meter; 17. a one-way valve; 18. an inlet pressure sensor; 19. a screen pipe nipple fixing rod; 20. a nozzle; 21. an outlet pressure sensor; 22. a reference nozzle; 23. a first elongated nozzle; 24. a second elongated nozzle; 25. and an inclined angle nozzle.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further defined in the following, but not limited to, the figures and examples in the description.
As shown in fig. 1-3.
Example 1
The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is characterized by comprising a high-pressure fluid pumping module, an erosion simulation module of the screen pipe of the horizontal well and a filtering and sand collecting module; the outlet of the high-pressure fluid pumping module is connected with the inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the outlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module is connected with the inlet of the filtering sand collection module;
the high-pressure fluid pumping module comprises a high-pressure gas pumping module and an automatic sand mixer 1, the automatic sand mixer 1 is connected with an inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the gas pumping module is used for simulating the exploitation conditions of a gas producing well;
the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module comprises a horizontal well simulation shaft 2, a screen pipe nipple 6, an electric heating sleeve 8, a sand discharge port 3, a liquid outlet 4 and an adjustable nozzle group 5, wherein the screen pipe nipple 6 is horizontally arranged inside the horizontal well simulation shaft 2, the electric heating sleeve 8 is arranged outside the screen pipe nipple 6, the adjustable nozzle group 5 is vertically arranged on the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft 2, the sand discharge port 3 is arranged on the wall of the bottom of the horizontal well simulation shaft 2, the liquid outlet 4 is arranged at one end, connected with the screen pipe nipple 6 and the horizontal well simulation shaft 2, of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module is used for simulating the erosion and wear rules of the screen pipe under the actual production condition of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well;
the filtering sand collecting module comprises a sand collector 7, a beaker and a relief valve 9, wherein the sand collector 7 is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module, the relief valve 9 is arranged at the outlet end of the sand collector 7, and the beaker is arranged at the outlet end of the relief valve 9.
Example 2
The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is characterized in that the high-pressure fluid pumping module further comprises a high-pressure liquid pumping module and a gas-liquid mixer 10, the high-pressure liquid pumping module is connected with the high-pressure gas pumping module in parallel, the high-pressure liquid pumping module comprises a liquid storage tank 11 and a constant flow pump 12 which are sequentially connected, the high-pressure gas pumping module comprises a high-displacement air compressor 13, a pressure-stabilizing air storage tank 14, a gas pressure reducing valve 15, a gas flow meter 16 and a one-way valve 17 which are sequentially connected, and an inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 10 is connected with the high-pressure liquid pumping module and an outlet of the high-pressure gas pumping module; the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 10 is connected with the inlet of the automatic sand mixer 1.
Example 3
The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well as described in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the length of the screen pipe nipple 6 is 35cm, the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module further comprises an inlet pressure sensor 18, a screen pipe nipple fixing rod 19 and an outlet pressure sensor 21, the inlet pressure sensor 18 is arranged at the inlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and is connected with the outlet of the automatic sand mixer 1, the outlet pressure sensor 21 is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module and is connected with the inlet of the filtering sand-collecting module, one end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod 19 is connected with the screen pipe nipple 6, the other end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is arranged on the horizontal well simulated shaft 2, the horizontal well simulated shaft 2 is cylindrical, one end connected with the sieve tube short section fixing rod 19 is sealed, and the other end is sealed except the arranged liquid outlet 4.
Example 4
The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well as described in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the number of the adjustable nozzle groups 5 is 4, the adjustable nozzle groups are uniformly distributed on the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft 2, the heating temperature of the electric heating jacket 8 is 150 ℃, the electric heating jacket 8 is arranged between the neutral positions of the cylinder walls of the horizontal well simulated mineshafts 2 corresponding to the adjustable nozzle groups 5, 10 nozzles 20 are arranged on each adjustable nozzle group 5, the nozzle 20 is provided with an external nozzle which comprises a reference nozzle 22, a first lengthening nozzle 23, a second lengthening nozzle 24 and an inclination nozzle 25, the nozzle 20 is provided with a valve, the number, position, length, inclination angle and inflow velocity of inflow nozzles can be adjusted by closing or opening the nozzles 20 at different positions, so that the non-uniform inflow profile of perforation holes in an actual horizontal well can be simulated.
Example 5
The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well in the embodiment 1 is characterized in that the sand filtering and collecting module further comprises a gas-liquid separator, an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the liquid outlet, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the sand collector.
Example 6
The method for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5 comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the permeability change rate of the sieve tube;
step two, calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube;
step three, calculating the erosion wear rate of the sieve tube;
and step four, calculating the erosion life of the sieve tube.
Example 7
The method for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well as described in the embodiment 6 is characterized in that,
the method for calculating the screen pipe permeability change rate comprises the following steps:
screen pipe permeability change rate (screen pipe permeability change amount/screen pipe initial permeability)
The method for calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
screen pipe sand blocking precision change rate (current sand blocking precision of screen pipe-nominal sand blocking precision of screen pipe)/nominal sand blocking precision of screen pipe
The method for calculating the erosion wear rate of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
screen pipe erosion wear rate (screen pipe initial mass-screen pipe mass after failure)/screen pipe initial mass
The method for calculating the erosion life of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
the screen pipe erosion life is the time used when the maximum sand passing particle size of the short section of the screen pipe is larger than the median of the sand particle size of the stratum.
Example 8
The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 5 comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting and fixing a screen pipe nipple 6 for an experiment;
step two, installing an electric heating sleeve 8 and adjusting to a specified temperature to heat the screen pipe nipple 6;
thirdly, sequentially connecting a high-pressure fluid pumping module, a horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and a filtering sand collection module;
step four, selectively installing external nozzles on the adjustable nozzle group 5, and closing all valves;
fifthly, preparing experimental simulated formation sand according to the actual core sand particle size distribution data, loading the experimental simulated formation sand into the automatic sand mixer 1, and setting the automatic sand mixing speed;
step six, opening valves of the nozzles 20 with specified quantity and positions according to experimental planning;
seventhly, adjusting the high-pressure fluid pumping module, and injecting experimental fluid;
step eight, after the fluid to be tested is stably injected, opening the automatic sand mixer 1 to mix the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft 2 at a certain speed and carry the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft by the fluid;
step nine, observing and recording the inlet pressure sensor 18 and the outlet pressure sensor 21, and collecting, drying, weighing and analyzing the granularity of the produced formation sand at regular time;
and step ten, taking out the screen pipe nipple 6 for observation and analysis after the experiment is finished, and cleaning formation sand retained in the horizontal well simulation shaft 2 through the sand discharge port 3.
Example 9
The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen tube of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is as described in embodiment 8, and is characterized in that when the production conditions of a horizontal production well for producing water gas or oil gas at the same layer are simulated, the seventh step is as follows: adding enough liquid into a liquid storage tank 11, filling gas into a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 14, injecting the gas into a gas-liquid mixer 10 according to a certain flow rate according to experimental requirements, and simultaneously starting a constant flow pump 12 to inject the liquid into the gas-liquid mixer 10 together, wherein the experimental fluid is liquid and gas;
example 10
The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is characterized in that when the exploitation conditions of the gas well are simulated, the seventh step is as follows: the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank 14 is filled with gas, and the gas is injected into the gas-liquid mixer 10 according to the experiment requirement and a certain flow rate, wherein the experiment fluid is gas.
Claims (8)
1. The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir is characterized by comprising a high-pressure fluid pumping module, an erosion simulation module of the screen pipe of the horizontal well and a filtering and sand collecting module; the outlet of the high-pressure fluid pumping module is connected with the inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the outlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module is connected with the inlet of the filtering sand collection module;
the high-pressure fluid pumping module comprises a high-pressure gas pumping module and an automatic sand mixer, the automatic sand mixer is connected with an inlet of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module, and the gas pumping module is used for simulating the exploitation conditions of a gas production well;
the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module comprises a horizontal well simulation shaft, a screen pipe nipple, an electric heating sleeve, a sand discharge port, a liquid outlet and an adjustable nozzle group, wherein the screen pipe nipple is horizontally arranged inside the horizontal well simulation shaft, the electric heating sleeve is arranged outside the screen pipe nipple, the adjustable nozzle group is vertically arranged on the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the sand discharge port is arranged on the wall of the bottom of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the liquid outlet is arranged at one end, connected with the screen pipe nipple, of the horizontal well simulation shaft, and the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module is used for simulating the erosion and wear rule of the screen pipe under the actual production condition of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well;
the filtering sand collecting module comprises a sand collector, a beaker and an emptying valve, the sand collector is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module, the emptying valve is arranged at the outlet end of the sand collector, and the beaker is arranged at the outlet end of the emptying valve;
the high-pressure fluid pumping module further comprises a high-pressure liquid pumping module and a gas-liquid mixer, the high-pressure liquid pumping module is connected with the high-pressure gas pumping module in parallel, the high-pressure liquid pumping module comprises a liquid storage tank and a constant flow pump which are sequentially connected, the high-pressure gas pumping module comprises a high-displacement air compressor, a pressure-stabilizing air storage tank, a gas pressure reducing valve, a gas flowmeter and a one-way valve which are sequentially connected, and an inlet of the gas-liquid mixer is connected with the high-pressure liquid pumping module and an outlet of the high-pressure gas pumping module; the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is connected with the inlet of the automatic sand mixer;
the number of the adjustable nozzle groups is multiple, the adjustable nozzle groups are uniformly distributed on the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft, the heating range of the electric heating sleeve is 30-300 ℃, the electric heating sleeve is arranged between the neutral positions of the wall of the horizontal well simulation shaft corresponding to the adjustable nozzle groups, each adjustable nozzle group is provided with 5-10 nozzles, each nozzle is provided with an external nozzle, each external nozzle comprises a reference nozzle, a first lengthened nozzle, a second lengthened nozzle and an inclination nozzle, each nozzle is provided with a valve, and the number, the position, the length, the inclination angle and the inflow speed of inflow nozzles are adjusted by closing or opening the nozzles at different positions, so that the non-uniform inflow profile of perforation holes in an actual horizontal well is simulated.
2. The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the length of the screen pipe nipple is 25-50cm, the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module further comprises an inlet pressure sensor, a screen pipe nipple fixing rod and an outlet pressure sensor, the inlet pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and is connected with the outlet of the automatic sand mixer, the outlet pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet end of the horizontal well screen pipe erosion module and is connected with the inlet of the filtering sand-collecting module, one end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is connected with the screen pipe nipple, the other end of the screen pipe nipple fixing rod is arranged on the horizontal well simulation shaft which is cylindrical, and one end of the sieve tube short section fixing rod is sealed, and the other end of the sieve tube short section fixing rod is sealed except for the arranged liquid outlet.
3. The device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the filtering and sand collecting module further comprises a gas-liquid separator, an inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an outlet of the liquid outlet, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an inlet of the sand collector.
4. The evaluation method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating the permeability change rate of the sieve tube;
step two, calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube;
step three, calculating the erosion wear rate of the sieve tube;
and step four, calculating the erosion life of the sieve tube.
5. The evaluation method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to claim 4,
the method for calculating the screen pipe permeability change rate comprises the following steps:
screen permeability change rate = screen permeability change/screen initial permeability
The method for calculating the sand blocking precision change rate of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
screen pipe sand blocking precision change rate = (current screen pipe sand blocking precision-screen pipe nominal sand blocking precision)/screen pipe nominal sand blocking precision
The method for calculating the erosion wear rate of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
screen pipe erosion wear rate = (screen pipe initial mass-screen pipe mass after failure)/screen pipe initial mass
The method for calculating the erosion life of the sieve tube comprises the following steps:
the screen pipe erosion life is the time used when the maximum sand passing particle size of the short section of the screen pipe is larger than the median of the sand particle size of the stratum.
6. The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting and fixing a screen pipe short section for an experiment;
step two, installing an electric heating sleeve and adjusting to a specified temperature to heat the screen pipe short section;
thirdly, sequentially connecting a high-pressure fluid pumping module, a horizontal well screen pipe erosion simulation module and a filtering sand collection module;
step four, selectively installing external nozzles on the adjustable nozzle group, and closing all valves;
preparing experimental simulated formation sand according to the actual core sand particle size distribution data, loading the experimental simulated formation sand into an automatic sand mixer, and setting the automatic sand mixing speed;
opening valves of nozzles in specified quantity and positions according to experimental planning;
seventhly, adjusting the high-pressure fluid pumping module, and injecting experimental fluid;
step eight, after the fluid to be tested is stably injected, opening the automatic sand mixer to mix the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft at a certain speed and carry the formation sand into the horizontal well simulation shaft by the fluid;
step nine, observing and recording an inlet pressure sensor and an outlet pressure sensor, and collecting, drying, weighing and analyzing granularity of produced formation sand at regular time;
and step ten, taking out the screen pipe nipple after the experiment is finished, observing and analyzing, and cleaning formation sand retained in the horizontal well simulation shaft through a sand discharge port.
7. The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen of the horizontal well in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoir according to claim 6 is characterized in that when the production conditions of a horizontal production well for producing water gas or oil gas at the same layer are simulated, the seventh step is as follows: adding enough liquid into a liquid storage tank, filling gas into a pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, injecting the gas into a gas-liquid mixer according to a certain flow rate according to experiment requirements, and simultaneously starting a constant flow pump to inject the liquid into the gas-liquid mixer together, wherein the experiment fluid is liquid and gas.
8. The application method of the device for evaluating the erosion resistance of the sand control screen of the high-temperature high-pressure gas reservoir horizontal well according to claim 6 is characterized in that the exploitation conditions of a gas well are simulated, and the seventh step is as follows: and filling gas into the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, and injecting the gas into a gas-liquid mixer according to an experimental requirement, wherein the experimental fluid is gas.
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