CN109025086B

CN109025086B - Simple unit modular green roof

Info

Publication number: CN109025086B
Application number: CN201810864561.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐典; 周兆银
Original assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-08-01
Filing date: 2018-08-01
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-01
Also published as: CN109025086A

Abstract

The invention provides a simple unit modularization green roof, which comprises a plurality of drain pipes which are arranged in parallel, wherein the radial section of each drain pipe is in a shape of a major arc with the upper part being cut, the adjacent part of two adjacent drain pipes is fixedly connected, the two ends of the plurality of drain pipes are fixedly connected with end baffles, the lower side of the end baffle at the drain end is movably connected with a drain valve, a water storage and drainage support is horizontally fixed in each drain pipe and comprises a drain top plate provided with a plurality of drain holes, a plurality of groove-shaped water reservoirs are fixed on the bottom surface of the drain top plate at intervals, super absorbent resin is placed in the water reservoirs, and the bottom surfaces of the water reservoirs are not fixed on the drain top, a drainage channel is formed between the outer wall of the reservoir and the inner wall of the drainage pipe, a filter layer which wraps the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate is flatly laid and fixed on the surface of the drainage top plate, planting soil is laid on the filter layer, and planting plants are planted in the planting soil. The building speed of the green roof and the water storage capacity of the module can be improved based on unit modular building.

Description

Simple unit modular green roof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of green roofs, in particular to a simple unit modular green roof.

Background

The construction of the sponge city has important significance for reducing urban waterlogging, solving the problem of urban water resource shortage and urban heat island and improving the ecological environment.

The green roof is one of important contents and specific measures for promoting the construction of sponge cities. The green roof mainly achieves reduction of runoff peak value, runoff volume and runoff pollution through percolation. The natural ecological significance of roof greening is as follows: except that urban flood disasters caused by storm runoff can be effectively controlled from the source, the urban heat island effect can be relieved, the air quality is improved, the urban noise is reduced, the landscape value is improved, the rainwater flow is adjusted, the roof life is prolonged, and a good urban ecological environment is built. Therefore, the construction and reconstruction of the green roof not only has good economic benefits, but also has positive social benefits.

The existing green roof construction technology research mostly focuses on the aspects of plant selection, soil matrix layer improvement, water storage and drainage layer design, new material innovation and the like, and the improvement on the construction technology is not great. In the aspect of construction technology, the traditional planting roof construction mode is still used, and mainly, the green roof is newly built, and the reconstruction of the green roof involves less. The method for planting the roof in the specific traditional mode is that structures such as a waterproof layer, a root-piercing-resistant waterproof layer, a water storage and drainage layer, a filter layer and a planting soil layer are sequentially completed on the whole roof structure layer. However, the inventor of the invention discovers, through research, that compared with a common waterproof roof, the existing planted roof has more structural layers, complex detail nodes and complex construction process; in addition, the situation of water leakage of the planted roof at the later stage is more, and the repairing is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a simple unit modularized green roof, aiming at the technical problems of more structural layers, complex detail nodes, complex construction process, more water leakage on a later-stage planted roof and difficult repair, wherein the green roof is constructed based on unit modularization, each unit module of the modularized green roof has the functions of root puncture resistance, water storage and drainage, filtration and planting, the water storage capacity is greatly improved, and the unit modules are directly transported to a common waterproof roof after being manufactured, so that the construction speed of the green roof can be improved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a simple unit modularization green roof comprises a plurality of drain pipes which are arranged in parallel, the radial section of each drain pipe is in a shape of a major arc with the upper part being cut, the adjacent part of two adjacent drain pipes is fixedly connected, the two ends of the plurality of drain pipes are fixedly connected with end baffles, the lower side of the end baffle at the drain end is movably connected with a drain valve, the end baffles and the drain valve completely block the two end faces of the drain pipe, a water storage and drainage support is horizontally fixed in each drain pipe, the water storage and drainage support comprises a drain top plate, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the drain top plate, a plurality of groove-shaped reservoirs are fixed on the bottom surface of the drain top plate at intervals, high water-absorbing resin is placed in the reservoirs, and a drain channel is formed among the bottom surface of the reservoir, the outer wall of the reservoir and the inner wall of the drain, the surface of the drainage top plate is tiled and fixed with a filter layer, the filter layer wraps the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate, planting soil is paved on the filter layer, and planting plants are planted in the planting soil.

Further, the radial cross section of the drain pipe is a major arc shape cut at the diameter of the upper portion 1/3.

Furthermore, the drain pipe is a PVC hard drain pipe.

Further, the adjacent parts of the two adjacent drain pipes are fixedly connected through connecting screws.

Furthermore, a drain valve is hinged on the lower side of the end baffle at one end of the drain.

Furthermore, a water storage and drainage support is horizontally fixed in the pipe of each drainage pipe through a positioning screw.

Further, the wash port includes first wash port and second wash port, the drainage flow in first wash port is greater than the drainage flow in second wash port, just first wash port and cistern intercommunication, second wash port and drainage channel intercommunication.

Further, the filter layer is geotextile.

Furthermore, the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate clamps the filter layer on the surface of the drainage top plate through the clamp.

Compared with the prior art, the simple unit modularized green roof provided by the invention has the following advantages:

1) the unit modularization structure is adopted, each independent unit has the functions of root resistance, water storage and drainage, filtration and planting, and the unit can be directly conveyed to a general waterproof roof after completion, so that the green reconstruction of the existing building roof can be carried out, the construction process of the green planting roof can be reduced, the reconstruction of the existing roof can be greatly reduced, the reconstruction work of the existing roof can be greatly reduced, and the construction speed of the green roof is improved, therefore, the green roof construction technology based on the unit modularization has important significance for the green reconstruction of the existing building roof, and is more suitable for the green reconstruction of the existing building roof;

2) the green roof unit module can adopt a common drain pipe in the market as a main material, is simple and economic, other materials are easy to obtain except that the water storage and drainage support needs to be customized by a manufacturer, the size of the unit module can be designed according to the size and the shape of a field, the construction is convenient, and the economic benefit is obvious;

3) the structure of the water storage and drainage support can realize quick drainage through the drainage channel, and the super absorbent resin in the water storage tank can improve the water storage capacity of the module, namely the water storage capacity of the module, and in the drought and water shortage period, the water absorbent resin can slowly release absorbed water out to supplement water for the planting soil, thereby being beneficial to plant growth;

4) the water drain valve is kept closed and stores water when the water quantity of the water drain pipe is less, and the water flow can push the water drain valve to automatically open and drain water when the water quantity is more.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a partial structural schematic view of a simple unit modular green roof provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a radial cross-sectional structure of a drain pipe provided by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the drain pipe, end stop and drain valve provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water storage and drainage bracket provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a fixing structure of the water storage and drainage support and the geotextile provided by the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the simple unit modular green roof provided by the present invention installed on a roof surface.

In the figure, 1, a water drainage pipe; 2. an end baffle; 3. a water drain valve; 4. a water storage and drainage bracket; 41. a drainage roof; 42. a reservoir; 43. a first drain hole; 44. a second drain hole; 5. a super absorbent resin; 6. a drainage channel; 7. a filter layer; 8. planting soil; 9. planting plants; 10. a connecting screw; 11. a hinge; 12. a set screw; 13. a clip; 100. cornice; 101. a water outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a simple unit modular green roof, which includes a plurality of drainage pipes 1 arranged in parallel, each drainage pipe 1 has a radial cross section in the shape of a major arc with a cut-off upper portion, the adjacent portion of two adjacent drainage pipes 1 is fixedly connected, two ends of each drainage pipe 1 are fixedly connected with an end baffle 2, a drain valve 3 is movably connected to the lower side of the end baffle 2 at one end of the drain, the end baffles 2 and the drain valve 3 completely block two end surfaces of the drainage pipe 1, a water storage and drainage support 4 is horizontally fixed in each drainage pipe 1, the water storage and drainage support 4 includes a drainage top plate 41, a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the drainage top plate 41, a plurality of groove-type water reservoirs 42 are fixed to the bottom surface of the drainage top plate 41 at intervals, a high water absorbent resin 5 is placed in the water reservoirs 42, a drainage channel 6 is formed among the bottom surface of the drainage top plate 41, which is not fixed with the reservoir 42, the outer wall of the reservoir and the inner wall of the drainage pipe, so that a part of rainwater can flow into the reservoir 42 through the drainage hole, and the other part of rainwater can flow into the drainage channel 6 through the drainage hole; rainwater flowing into the reservoir 42 will be rapidly and largely absorbed by the super absorbent resin 5, which not only improves the water storage capacity of the module, but also enables the super absorbent resin 5 to release water for plant growth during drought periods; when the water amount flowing into the drainage channel 6 is small, the drainage valve 3 at one end of the drainage channel is closed, when the water amount is large, rainwater pushes the movably connected drainage valve 3 to be opened and begins to drain, a water outlet of the drainage channel 6 is specifically arranged above a roof cornice 100, rainwater is gathered into the drainage channel 6 through a water drainage hole, then enters the cornice 100 through the drainage valve 3, is gathered through the cornice 100 and then flows into a water drainage hole 101, a filter layer 7 is flatly laid and fixed on the surface of the drainage top plate 41, the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate 41 is wrapped by the filter layer 7, planting soil 8 is paved on the filter layer 7, and planting plants 9 are planted in the planting soil 8. Wherein, the super absorbent polymer (SPA) 5 is also called super absorbent, is a novel functional polymer material, the water absorption capacity can reach hundreds to thousands of times of the self-mass, compared with the common water absorption or moisture absorption material, the super absorbent resin contains a large amount of chemical hydrophilic groups, has the excellent performance of absorbing water and swelling and keeping the water not to flow out, has large water absorption capacity, high water absorption speed and strong water absorption capacity, is widely used as a soil water retention agent in agriculture, forestry and gardening, and can rapidly absorb hundreds of times or even thousands of times of water, then slowly releasing the fertilizer from the soil, not only improving the water retention performance of the soil, but also improving the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, promoting the growth of plant roots, and also having the effects of improving the emergence rate, the transplanting survival rate and the like, and the method specifically can select the hushn brand high-molecular water-absorbent resin; the planting soil 8 can be light soil with peat soil as a main raw material, and the plants 9 can be suitable for local growth according to actual conditions such as local climatic environment.

As a specific example, the radial section of the drain pipe 1 is a major arc shape cut at the diameter of the upper part 1/3, and the cutting at the diameter of the upper part 1/3 of the drain pipe is selected in the present implementation, mainly due to the following considerations: if the cutting is performed at 1/2 diameters of the drainage pipe, the largest planting surface can be obtained, but the covering soil of the whole unit module becomes thin, and the plant growth is influenced; if the cutting is performed at a diameter smaller than 1/3 diameter of the drain pipe, such as 1/4 diameter, the width of the planting surface becomes smaller, that is, the planting surface on which the plants can be planted becomes smaller, although the covering soil of the whole unit module becomes thicker, so that the cutting is preferably performed at the diameter of the upper part 1/3 of the drain pipe. Specifically, the drain pipe 1 may be a drain pipe with a larger diameter, for example, by taking DN200 as an example, the diameter of the upper portion 1/3 of the drain pipe of DN200 is cut, and the diameter portion of the lower portion 2/3 is reserved, as shown in fig. 2; and the adjacent parts of the two adjacent water discharge pipes 1 are fixedly connected through a connecting screw 10, so that the pipes are connected into a row through screws, specifically referring to fig. 1, the number of the water discharge pipes 1 can be designed according to the width of the original building roof, and the material can be transported to the roof site to be cut and installed during manufacturing.

As a specific example, the drain pipe 1 is a PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) rigid drain pipe, and thus the PVC drain pipe has both waterproof and root-piercing resistance.

As a specific embodiment, please refer to fig. 3, a drain valve 3 is hinged on the lower side of the end baffle 2 at one end of the drain, i.e. the drain valve 3 is movably connected to the lower side of the end baffle 2 at one end of the drain through a hinge 11, so that when the water amount is large, the rainwater pushes the movably connected drain valve 3 to open and automatically drain the water. After the end baffle 2 blocks the two end faces of the drain pipe 1, the planting soil 8 paved on the drain top plate 41 can be blocked, and rainwater in the drain channel 6 can be blocked, so that the utilization rate of the end baffle 2 is effectively improved.

As a specific example, referring to fig. 1, a water storage and drainage support 4 is horizontally fixed in the pipe of each water drainage pipe 1 by a positioning screw 12, that is, the water drainage pipe 1 and the water storage and drainage support 4 are fixedly connected by the positioning screw 12, so that the water storage and drainage support 4 can be horizontally arranged in the water drainage pipe 1.

As a specific example, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the drainage holes include a first drainage hole 43 and a second drainage hole 44, the drainage flow rate of the first drainage hole 43 is greater than that of the second drainage hole 44, the first drainage hole 43 is communicated with the reservoir 42, and the second drainage hole 44 is communicated with the drainage channel 6, so that most of the rainwater on the drainage top plate 41 can be absorbed by the super absorbent resin 5 in the reservoir 42, thereby improving the water storage capacity of the whole unit module and facilitating the super absorbent resin 5 to release water for plant growth during a drought period.

As a specific embodiment, the filter layer 7 is made of geotextile, and the geotextile has the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance and good water permeability, so that the geotextile 4 is selected as the filter layer, soil particles in the planting soil 8 can be effectively retained, loss of fine particles along with rainwater is avoided, and nutrition of the planting soil 8 is retained.

As a specific embodiment, please refer to fig. 6, the filter layer 7 is clamped on the surface of the drainage top plate 41 by the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate 41 through the clamp 13, the clamp 13 may be a U-shaped clamp, or of course, other clamps may be used to clamp, as long as the geotextile can be effectively fixed on the surface of the drainage top plate 41. In this embodiment, the manner of fixing the geotextile with the clips 13 effectively limits the deformation and displacement of the geotextile and ensures the filtering effect of the geotextile.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The simple unit modularization green roof is characterized by comprising a plurality of drain pipes which are arranged in parallel, wherein the radial section of each drain pipe is in a shape of a major arc with the diameter of 1/3 at the upper part cut, the adjacent part of two adjacent drain pipes is fixedly connected, the two ends of the plurality of drain pipes are fixedly connected with end baffles, the lower side of the end baffle at one end of drain is movably connected with a drain valve, the end baffles and the drain valve completely block the two end surfaces of the drain pipe, a water storage and drainage support is horizontally fixed in the pipe of each drain pipe and comprises a drain top plate, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the drain top plate, a plurality of groove-shaped reservoirs are fixed on the bottom surface of the drain top plate at intervals, high-water-absorbent resin is placed in the reservoirs, the bottom surface of the reservoir is not fixed on the drain top plate, a drainage channel is formed between the outer wall of the water storage tank and the inner wall of the drainage pipe, a filter layer is flatly laid and fixed on the surface of the drainage top plate and wraps the peripheral edge of the drainage top plate, planting soil is laid on the filter layer, and planting plants are planted in the planting soil.

2. The simple-unit modular green roof of claim 1, wherein the drain pipe is a PVC hard drain pipe.

3. The simple-unit modular green roof of claim 1, wherein the adjacent two drainage pipes are fixedly connected by a connection screw.

4. The simple-unit modular green roof of claim 1, wherein a drain valve is hinged to the underside of the end stop at the drain end.

5. The simple cell modular green roof of claim 1, wherein a water storage and drainage bracket is horizontally fixed in a pipe of each of the drainage pipes by a set screw.

6. The simple cell modular green roof of claim 1, wherein the drain hole includes a first drain hole and a second drain hole, the first drain hole having a greater drain flow than the second drain hole, the first drain hole being in communication with a reservoir, the second drain hole being in communication with a drain passage.

7. The simple cell modular green roof of claim 1, wherein the filter layer is geotextile.

8. The simple cell modular green roof of claim 1, wherein the perimeter edge of the drainage top plate snaps the filter layer to the surface of the drainage top plate via a clip.