CN109022904A - A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN109022904A CN109022904A CN201810978663.9A CN201810978663A CN109022904A CN 109022904 A CN109022904 A CN 109022904A CN 201810978663 A CN201810978663 A CN 201810978663A CN 109022904 A CN109022904 A CN 109022904A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses kamash alloys and its technique that a kind of resistance to brittle failure has Riamb's alloy graining characteristic.According to weight percent, the ingredient of the alloy are as follows: B:0.3-0.5wt.%, Mg:2.0-2.4wt.%, W:0.2-0.3wt.%, Sb:2.0-4.0wt.%, Si:3.0-4.0wt.%, Cr:1.0-1.2wt.%, Co:6.0-8.0wt.%, Al:10.0-14.0wt.%, surplus are tin.The material casts the new material alternative solution for providing a kind of no copper with Riamb's alloy but having same casting character for China Tibetan area bronze statue.The implementation and industrialization of the material can effectively push update and the industry upgrade requirement of China's religion jewellery trade new material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of tin alloy.
Background technique
In the traditional culture in China, bronze statue of Buddha seems a kind of extremely special art, and in the culture of Tibetan Buddhist
With very important status.In the figure of buddha preparation process of Tibetan area, figure of buddha production is generally carried out using Sha Fanfa and the method that forges.
Sha Fanfa produces monomer Casting Bronze Statue there is the limitation of size, make larger size bronze statue of Buddha as when using sub-unit casting and
The method combined after forging.
(1) Sha Fanfa.Be using natural sand as making outer model material, in sand mixed with a certain proportion of clay so that
The grains of sand are bonded together.Sand is put into compacting in sandbox and forms husky model, Sha Fan is made of the identical two parts of size.It will casting
The mould of part is placed in two pieces of husky model contact surfaces the shape for being molded out casting, and sprinkles powder particle on the contact surface of two pieces of husky models
(such as plant ash) prevents two pieces of husky model bondings.Two pieces of husky models are separated, take out the mould of casting, Sha Fan recloses to form cavity
Model is cast, molten metal is poured into after solidification to the model that goes to remove sand and obtains casting.
(2) method is forged.When the figure of buddha is bigger, figure of buddha production is carried out using the method that forges.Mainly carried out by metal plate
Forging forms, then is effectively spliced.When producing the figure of buddha, it is necessary to first design drawing, and component is plotted to copper
On plate, the sequence for making the figure of buddha must from top to bottom, usually the size of calibrated sizes and be made on a metal plate
Shape feature.In manufacturing process, for different moulding thus the type of tup be also classified into it is several: include egg type, four
It is rectangular, delay oblique, wiredrawn edge shape and steeply inclined and hammer into shape.
Either Sha Fanfa still forges method and prepares the figure of buddha in Tibetan area, and the copper alloy of use is due to historical reasons referred to as benefit
Ma.Riamb's alloy refers to alloyed copper, is originated from Tibetan language, and " hiding Chinese voluminous dictionary " explains it for " referring to all kinds of loud copper products ".Riamb's alloy
Because being presented containing precious mineral, the object processed such as the metallic elements such as different proportion gold, silver, iron, lead and diamond, multicolored glass
Different colors or bright-colored color lump is formed on surface out.Generally speaking Riamb's conjunction is the general designation of various alloyed coppers, and various benefits
Ma also has its corresponding time, value, color, packet slurry etc..
The Tibet of Riamb's alloy in ancient times is of great rarity, this is because: (1) Riamb alloy materials are extremely rare.No
Only we seem the metals such as still very rare gold, silver today, and there are also multicolored glass surfaces etc. from Western import.(2) sharp
It is bright-colored when Ma alloy product new mint, and have peculiar light reflecting from metal inside.
Riamb's alloy is the distinctive copper alloy that Tibet region prepares the figure of buddha, has very excellent casting character.By
In figure of buddha size huge and modern people for the demand of figure of buddha quantity, Riamb's alloy of the casting figure of buddha has very big
Market demand.It is contemplated that the valuableness and scarcity of copper, develop the novel non-copper with Riamb's alloy casting characteristics
Alloy carries out the substitution of Riamb's copper alloy, in today's society has extremely important meaning.But so far, due to material
The reason of design level, obtains effective solution within considerable time not yet.
Although China's religion ornament materials industry development is rapid, due to starting evening, starting point is low, on some sport technique segments
Also there is a big difference compared with world level.It develops and Riamb alloy replacing product of the industrialization with advanced feature is Tibet religion
The inevitable problem in field, domestic many research institutions and enterprise have carried out multi-faceted trial for a long time, but enable
People regrettably, not yet obtains the progress of any substance so far.Bottom can be passed through by advanced design of material technology
The thermodynamics and kinetics means of layer property innovate Riamb's alloy replacing new material, and to development and develop new material
Problem solves and industrialization has very big market value.In face of the domestic and international market competition being growing more intense, it is necessary to accelerate knot
Structure adjusts paces, this is the development trend of world today's related fields.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provides a kind of resistance to brittle failure and has Riamb's alloy graining characteristic
Kamash alloy and its technique.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As B:0.3-0.5wt.%, Mg:2.0-2.4wt.%, W:0.2-0.3wt.%, Sb:2.0-4.0wt.%, Si:3.0-4.0wt.%,
Cr:1.0-1.2wt.%, Co:6.0-8.0wt.%, Al:10.0-14.0wt.%, surplus are tin.A kind of above-mentioned resistance to brittle failure has benefit
The kamash alloy and its technique of Ma alloy graining characteristic include the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added to ar gas environment
Under electric induction furnace in, and use graphite crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 400 degree when melting, it is equal by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation
It is even;1 minute, which is kept the temperature, at 400 degree after mixing evenly and is cast comes out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and uses
The mode of water cooling cools down.Resulting ingot casting is heated to 400-450 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is fallen
Enter and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing after cooling and demolding, temperature is
130 degree, the time is 0.6 hour.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) with for technical term, the liquid alloy of traditional Riamb's alloy can generate Spinodal during solidification
Destructive effect generates two kinds of mutually insoluble liquid phases, thus the liquid phase of low melting point can compensate high-melting-point liquid in process of setting
The dendrite cavity generated when mutually solidifying, thus have the function of extremely beneficial.In comparison, it is solidified in general multicomponent alloy
In the process, with the generation of dendrite, interdendritic gap generates casting cavity and thin due to having little time to be filled by liquid phase
Pine.This alloy graining characteristic is very fatal defect for the large-scale statue of figure of buddha rank, and it is big not only to result in part
The cavity of amount generates, but also local material mechanical property deficiency and repairing become extremely difficult something.So Tibetan area
The excellent casting character for casting Riamb's alloy of the figure of buddha is undivided with the excellent coagulating property of its material.Modern age is to benefit
Ma figure of buddha alloy research shows that, a certain amount of lead and mercury are usually added into Riamb's alloy.It is closed since lead and mercury are not formed with copper
Gold, in the solidification of Riamb's alloy, with the continuous solidification of Cu rich alloy, the liquid phase of rich lead and mercury is also constantly from initial
It is separated in alloy melt.These rich lead and mercury melt are thus adjoint in process of setting since discord copper-rich melt mixes
The generation of dendrite and gradually squeezed in the gap of dendrite, and finally solidified in these narrow gaps, play benefit
Fill the effect in solidification cavity.The copper alloy for being thus added to appropriate lead and mercury is extremely suitable for casting the large-scale statue such as figure of buddha,
Because the defects of solidification that this material generates is empty is few.Although traditional Riamb's alloy is particularly suitable for using casting or forging
The method beaten prepares bronze statue, it is contemplated that the price of copper valuableness, the copper demand of every honor bronze statue and total to bronze statue at present
The potential demand of amount develops a kind of novel no copper alloy for having coagulating property possessed by Tibet Riamb alloy, for reducing
Cost and exploitation religion trim-alloy new material have extremely important realistic meaning.
(2) tin alloy of present patent application protection has excellent coagulating property, and the Tibetan area figure of buddha for matching in excellence or beauty completely traditional is used
Riamb's alloy.Spinodal can occur in temperature-fall period and decompose and generate two kinds of mutual exclusive rich tin for the melt of the alloy
With two kinds of melts of rich aluminium.Thus, which has wide solidification temperature range (110-200 degree).Wherein main rich tin
The solidification temperature range of melt is 170-200 degree, and the solidification temperature range of rich aluminum melt is 110-130 degree.Two kinds of liquid phases it is solidifying
Gu the temperature range that temperature range is covered from 200 degree to 110 degree, thus when carrying out the figure of buddha with the alloy and casting, to the greatest extent
The pipe figure of buddha it is sufficiently bulky, which still is able to be decomposed into two kinds in process of setting by the Spinodal effect of liquid phase
Immiscible liquid phase obtains the casting of high-compactness by mutually compensating for process of setting.In addition, the material is in the liquid state
The chance and degree very little to react with the husky model material of surrounding, and reuse performance after use is high.In general, the material
Material is after casting 4 times, still with the casting character of initial material.Thus in energy saving, the frame of raising material use efficiency
There is extremely important economic significance under frame.
(3) traditional Tibetan area figure of buddha, which is cast, contains lead and mercury with Riamb's alloy, and lead and mercury are common heavy metals, in people
Internal depot accumulation time is long, excretion is slow, toxic to nerve, blood, renal system.Worker or user are leaded in Long Term Contact
After the alloy of mercury, these heavy metals can enter respiratory tract and alimentary canal by flue dust, cause lead poisoning and mercury poisoning.Therefore exist
The tinbase without lead and mercury of environmental consciousness extremely important today, present patent application protection have Riamb's alloy graining characteristic
Figure of buddha casting alloy promotes human health and plays positive effect for protecting environment.
(4) traditional Tibet Riamb alloy, promotes the casting character of alloy due to joined a large amount of alloying element,
It certainly will cause a large amount of generations of intermetallic compound.That is, the alloy that traditional handicraft and formula are prepared is too crisp.?
In figure of buddha process engineering, extremely it is easy to form brittle crack or fracture because of a large amount of generations of intermetallic compound.In addition,
Due to the influence of timeliness, the intensity of the material, hardness can be also continuously increased in use, caused material to become fragile and occurred crisp
It is disconnected.The tin alloy with the same casting character of Riamb's alloy of this alloy application protection, due to reducing intermetallic compound
Content, the material thus have extremely excellent toughness at room temperature.By introducing microelement and content, processing efficiency and useless
Product rate substantially reduces.Brittle failure will not be generated using the figure of buddha prepared by the alloy after prolonged use, in 10 years use processes
In be not in the phenomenon that material is hardened or is broken.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As B:0.3wt.%, Mg:2.0wt.%, W:0.2wt.%, Sb:2.0wt.%, Si:3.0wt.%, Cr:1.0wt.%, Co:
6.0wt.%, Al:10.0wt.%, surplus are tin.A kind of above-mentioned resistance to brittle failure have Riamb's alloy graining characteristic kamash alloy and its
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace under ar gas environment, and uses graphite earthenware
Crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 400 degree when melting, it is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;1 point is kept the temperature at 400 degree after mixing evenly
Clock and cast come out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.By resulting ingot casting
It is heated to 400-450 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into the mold being ready for and is cast
Molding;It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing after cooling and demolding, temperature is 130 degree, and the time is 0.6 hour.
The alloy has wide solidification temperature range (110-200 degree).The wherein setting temperature of main rich tin melt
Range is 170-200 degree, and the solidification temperature range of rich aluminum melt is 110-130 degree.The solidification temperature range covering of two kinds of liquid phases
Temperature range from 200 degree to 110 degree, thus when carrying out the figure of buddha with the alloy and casting, although the volume of the figure of buddha is very
Greatly, which still is able to be decomposed into two kinds of immiscible liquid in process of setting by the Spinodal effect of liquid phase
Phase obtains the casting of high-compactness by mutually compensating for process of setting.This alloy application protection has Riamb's alloy same
The tin alloy of sample casting character, due to reducing the content of intermetallic compound, which thus has extremely excellent at room temperature
Different toughness.It is substantially reduced by introducing microelement and content, processing efficiency and rejection rate.The figure of buddha prepared using the alloy
Brittle failure will not be generated after prolonged use, be not in the phenomenon that material is hardened or is broken in 10 years use processes.
Embodiment 2
A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As B:0.5wt.%, Mg:2.4wt.%, W:0.3wt.%, Sb:4.0wt.%, Si:4.0wt.%, Cr:1.2wt.%, Co:
8.0wt.%, Al:14.0wt.%, surplus are tin.A kind of above-mentioned resistance to brittle failure have Riamb's alloy graining characteristic kamash alloy and its
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace under ar gas environment, and uses graphite earthenware
Crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 400 degree when melting, it is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;1 point is kept the temperature at 400 degree after mixing evenly
Clock and cast come out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.By resulting ingot casting
It is heated to 400-450 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into the mold being ready for and is cast
Molding;It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing after cooling and demolding, temperature is 130 degree, and the time is 0.6 hour.
The alloy has wide solidification temperature range (110-200 degree).The wherein setting temperature of main rich tin melt
Range is 170-200 degree, and the solidification temperature range of rich aluminum melt is 110-130 degree.The solidification temperature range covering of two kinds of liquid phases
Temperature range from 200 degree to 110 degree, thus when carrying out the figure of buddha with the alloy and casting, although the volume of the figure of buddha is very
Greatly, which still is able to be decomposed into two kinds of immiscible liquid in process of setting by the Spinodal effect of liquid phase
Phase obtains the casting of high-compactness by mutually compensating for process of setting.This alloy application protection has Riamb's alloy same
The tin alloy of sample casting character, due to reducing the content of intermetallic compound, which thus has extremely excellent at room temperature
Different toughness.It is substantially reduced by introducing microelement and content, processing efficiency and rejection rate.The figure of buddha prepared using the alloy
Brittle failure will not be generated after prolonged use, be not in the phenomenon that material is hardened or is broken in 10 years use processes.
Embodiment 3
A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As B:0.4wt.%, Mg:2.1wt.%, W:0.2wt.%, Sb:2.5wt.%, Si:3.2wt.%, Cr:1.1wt.%, Co:
6.2wt.%, Al:12.0wt.%, surplus are tin.A kind of above-mentioned resistance to brittle failure have Riamb's alloy graining characteristic kamash alloy and its
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace under ar gas environment, and uses graphite earthenware
Crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 400 degree when melting, it is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;1 point is kept the temperature at 400 degree after mixing evenly
Clock and cast come out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.By resulting ingot casting
It is heated to 400-450 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into the mold being ready for and is cast
Molding;It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing after cooling and demolding, temperature is 130 degree, and the time is 0.6 hour.
The alloy has wide solidification temperature range (110-200 degree).The wherein setting temperature of main rich tin melt
Range is 170-200 degree, and the solidification temperature range of rich aluminum melt is 110-130 degree.The solidification temperature range covering of two kinds of liquid phases
Temperature range from 200 degree to 110 degree, thus when carrying out the figure of buddha with the alloy and casting, although the volume of the figure of buddha is very
Greatly, which still is able to be decomposed into two kinds of immiscible liquid in process of setting by the Spinodal effect of liquid phase
Phase obtains the casting of high-compactness by mutually compensating for process of setting.This alloy application protection has Riamb's alloy same
The tin alloy of sample casting character, due to reducing the content of intermetallic compound, which thus has extremely excellent at room temperature
Different toughness.It is substantially reduced by introducing microelement and content, processing efficiency and rejection rate.The figure of buddha prepared using the alloy
Brittle failure will not be generated after prolonged use, be not in the phenomenon that material is hardened or is broken in 10 years use processes.
Claims (3)
1. kamash alloy and its technique that a kind of resistance to brittle failure has Riamb's alloy graining characteristic；According to weight percent, the alloy
Ingredient are as follows: B:0.3-0.5wt.%, Mg:2.0-2.4wt.%, W:0.2-0.3wt.%, Sb:2.0-4.0wt.%, Si:3.0-
4.0wt.%,Cr:1.0-
1.2wt.%, Co:6.0-8.0wt.%, Al:10.0-14.0wt.%, surplus are tin.
2. a kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is to include following smelting step: in the electric induction furnace that the raw material as above matched is added under ar gas environment, and using stone
Black crucible;10 minutes are kept the temperature at 400 degree when melting, it is uniform by Efco-Northrup furnace electromagnetic agitation;It is kept the temperature after mixing evenly at 400 degree
1 minute and cast come out of the stove;Alloy casting uses the punching block of diameter 20-30mm, and is cooled down by the way of water cooling.
3. a kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is comprising using step as follows: resulting ingot casting being heated to 400-450 degree at room temperature and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then will
The melt, which pours into, carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;Elimination casting stress vacuum is carried out after cooling and demolding to move back
Fire, temperature are 130 degree, and the time is 0.6 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810978663.9A CN109022904A (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810978663.9A CN109022904A (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109022904A true CN109022904A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810978663.9A Withdrawn CN109022904A (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | A kind of resistance to brittle failure has the kamash alloy and its technique of Riamb's alloy graining characteristic |
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2018
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Application publication date: 20181218 |