CN109020518A - 一种抗爆裂快修浇注料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003511 macrogol Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumine Chemical compound C1=CC=[Al]C=C1 HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006079 antiknock agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3‑6mm的矾土22‑34份、粒径为1‑3mm的矾土20‑30份、粒径为0.088‑1mm的矾土12‑20份、粒径为0.015‑0.088mm的矾土12‑20份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土1‑7份、硅灰3‑8份、铝酸钙水泥4‑10、复合分散剂0.2‑1.5份、高效防爆剂0.1‑1份。本发明制备的浇注料抗爆裂温度超过1000℃。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗爆裂快修浇注料及其制备方法。
背景技术
浇注料又称耐火浇注料,是一种由耐火物料加入一定量结合剂制成的粒状和粉状材料,具有较高流动性,以浇注方式成型的不定形耐火材料。当浇注料用于维修时,为了减小经济损失,特别是抢修时会要求大幅度的缩短检修工期、不能规范操作,这时浇注料中水分未排除,若高温下形成的水蒸气压力大于坯体强度,会发生爆裂。因此,抢修时如何防止浇注料的爆裂风险就显得尤为重要。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的问题,本发明提出了一种抗爆裂快修浇注料及其制备方法,本发明制备的浇注料抗爆裂温度超过1000℃。
本发明提出了一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土22-34份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土20-30份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土12-20份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土12-20份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土1-7份、硅灰3-8份、铝酸钙水泥4-10、复合分散剂0.2-1.5份、高效防爆剂0.1-1份。
优选地,所述高效防爆剂由有机纤维、乳酸铝、铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺按重量比5-10:2-5:1-4:7-13组成。
优选地,所述有机纤维为聚丙烯纤维。
优选地,所述聚丙烯纤维的长度为4-6mm。
优选地,所述铝粉粒径为0.03-0.08mm。
优选地,所述复合分散剂包括聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠。
优选地,所述复合分散剂中聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠的质量比为1:1-4:0.5-3:0.2-1.5。
优选地,所述硅灰的粒径小于0.088mm。
优选地,所述矾土为特级或一级高铝矾土。
优选地,所述的快修浇注料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、按比例称取原料;
S2、将粒径为3-6mm的矾土、粒径为1-3mm的矾土、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土、硅灰加入混料机中,混合搅拌15-40min;
S3、将铝酸钙水泥、复合分散剂、高效防爆剂加入混料机中,混合搅拌5-20min;
S4、检验、包装。
本发明采用以下三种方法相互配合,解决快修时浇注料中形成的水蒸气难以排除而发生的爆裂问题。首先,以不同粒度级配的高铝含量矾土作为浇注料的骨料和基质部分,形成众多贯穿微气孔便于水蒸气排出,提升浇注料抗爆裂性能;其次,再配合加入由聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠组成的复合分散剂,能分散铝酸钙水泥颗粒,减少材料团聚现象发生,改善使用时的流动性,减少喷涂料中的水含量,进而起到抗爆裂效果;最后,配合加入由有机纤维、乳酸铝、铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺组成的高效防爆剂,通过在浇注料中形成联通的微细孔道,让生成的水蒸气顺畅的排出,进而起到防爆裂的效果;因为,在高效防爆剂中,有机纤维受热发生收缩、熔融,形成微细的狭长气孔,从而让浇注料因受热而产生的水蒸气迅速扩散挥发出去,浇注料内的水蒸气及时扩散出去而不在浇注体内集聚形成较大压力,能防止浇注体发生爆裂;浇注料在受热干燥时,乳酸铝使基质凝胶化,形成网片状微裂纹通道,从而增大了浇注料的气孔率,改善抗爆裂性,进一步增加浇注料强度;铝粉加入浇注料中和水会发生反应,产生氢氧化铝凝胶和氢气,在铝粉与水反应的过程中,产生的H2在逸出的同时形成大量开口排气孔,提高了浇注料透气性,从而为浇注料的干燥排水提供了通道;偶氮二甲酰胺在高铝水泥及水的共存下生成钙盐而溶解,之后钙盐随温度以及时间的变化而产生N2、CO2、NH3等气体,形成微细开口排气孔,能防止浇注体发生爆裂。另外,本发明还加入了硅灰,而硅灰在较低温度下表面水化后形成Si—OH键,Si—OH键脱水后聚合而形成牢固的由Si—O—Si键结合的微粉网状链结构,随着这种网状链结构的增多,浇注料的结合性能也越强,浇注料的抗折强度和抗压强度也相应地增加。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土22份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土30份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土12份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土20份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土1份、硅灰8份、铝酸钙水泥4、复合分散剂1.5份、高效防爆剂0.1份。
实施例2
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土34份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土20份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土20份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土12份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土7份、硅灰3份、铝酸钙水泥10、复合分散剂0.2份、高效防爆剂1份。
实施例3
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土22份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土30份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土12份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土20份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土1份、硅灰8份、铝酸钙水泥4、复合分散剂1.5份、高效防爆剂0.1份;所述高效防爆剂由聚丙烯纤维、乳酸铝、铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺按重量比5:5:1:13组成;所述聚丙烯纤维的长度为4mm;所述铝粉粒径为0.08mm;所述复合分散剂由聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠的质量比为1:1:3:0.2组成;所述硅灰的粒径小于0.088mm;所述矾土为特级高铝矾土;
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、按比例称取原料;
S2、将粒径为3-6mm的矾土、粒径为1-3mm的矾土、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土、硅灰加入混料机中,混合搅拌15min;
S3、将铝酸钙水泥、复合分散剂、高效防爆剂加入混料机中,混合搅拌20min;
S4、检验、包装。
实施例4
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土34份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土20份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土20份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土12份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土7份、硅灰3份、铝酸钙水泥10、复合分散剂0.2份、高效防爆剂1份;所述高效防爆剂由聚丙烯纤维、乳酸铝、铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺按重量比10:2:4:7组成;所述聚丙烯纤维的长度为6mm;所述铝粉粒径为0.03mm;所述复合分散剂由聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠的质量比为1:4:0.5:1.5组成;所述硅灰的粒径小于0.088mm;所述矾土为一级高铝矾土;
一种抗爆裂快修浇注料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、按比例称取原料;
S2、将粒径为3-6mm的矾土、粒径为1-3mm的矾土、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土、硅灰加入混料机中,混合搅拌40min;
S3、将铝酸钙水泥、复合分散剂、高效防爆剂加入混料机中,混合搅拌5min;
S4、检验、包装。
实验例
按照YB/T4117-2003对实施例1-4制备的浇注料进行抗爆裂试验。浇注料搅拌均匀后浇注成50×50×50mm方块试样,在恒温恒湿养烘箱中带模养护24h→脱模→养烘箱中养护待检测。试样的数量应保证在试验的每个温度点采用3块平行试样,且脱模时要仔细检查试样是否有鼓胀或层裂。试验炉预先加热到设定温度,保温30min。将试样成型面朝上,放入抗爆试验炉内,立即关闭炉门,保证炉温降低较小,且能快速恢复至设定温度,将试样在此温度下放置0.5h,观察试样是否发生爆裂,取出试样时记录试样爆裂程度。若试样没有爆裂,则将炉温升高50℃,重复上述步骤至试样爆裂。如果三个平行试样中有一个试样发生爆裂,则认为该组试样在该温度发生爆裂,并将此时的炉温减去50℃温度作为试样的抗爆裂温度;如果试样在1000时仍未发生爆裂,则可以终止试验,并以大于该温度表示试样的。
实验结果显示本发明制备的浇注料抗爆裂温度超过1000℃。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗爆裂快修浇注料,其特征在于,按重量份包括:粒径为3-6mm的矾土22-34份、粒径为1-3mm的矾土20-30份、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土12-20份、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土12-20份、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土1-7份、硅灰3-8份、铝酸钙水泥4-10、复合分散剂0.2-1.5份、高效防爆剂0.1-1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述高效防爆剂由有机纤维、乳酸铝、铝粉、偶氮二甲酰胺按重量比5-10:2-5:1-4:7-13组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述有机纤维为聚丙烯纤维。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯纤维的长度为4-6mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述铝粉粒径为0.03-0.08mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述复合分散剂包括聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠。
7.根据权利要求6所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述复合分散剂中聚乙烯二醇、三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠的质量比为1:1-4:0.5-3:0.2-1.5。
8.根据权利要求1所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述硅灰的粒径小于0.088mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的快修浇注料,其特征在于,所述矾土为特级或一级高铝矾土。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的快修浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、按比例称取原料;
S2、将粒径为3-6mm的矾土、粒径为1-3mm的矾土、粒径为0.088-1mm的矾土、粒径为0.015-0.088mm的矾土、粒径小于0.015mm的矾土、硅灰加入混料机中,混合搅拌15-40min;
S3、将铝酸钙水泥、复合分散剂、高效防爆剂加入混料机中,混合搅拌5-20min;
S4、检验、包装。
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