CN109013676B - Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts - Google Patents

Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109013676B
CN109013676B CN201810769671.2A CN201810769671A CN109013676B CN 109013676 B CN109013676 B CN 109013676B CN 201810769671 A CN201810769671 A CN 201810769671A CN 109013676 B CN109013676 B CN 109013676B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
heavy metals
heavy metal
transport
ramie
carbon nanotubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201810769671.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN109013676A (en
Inventor
龚小敏
黄丹莲
刘云国
曾光明
王荣忠
许飘
赖萃
张辰
程敏
陈莎
郭雪莹
罗浩
李志豪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan University
Original Assignee
Hunan University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan University filed Critical Hunan University
Priority to CN201810769671.2A priority Critical patent/CN109013676B/en
Publication of CN109013676A publication Critical patent/CN109013676A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109013676B publication Critical patent/CN109013676B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • B09C1/105Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,该方法中利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运。本发明中,利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属在植物体内的转运,增加重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运,同时完成对污染环境中重金属的有效去除。本发明利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法具有操作简便、易于实施、适用性广、投资运行成本低、清洁无污染、对环境无毒害作用等优点,是一种高效、便捷、环保的促进重金属在植物内转运的方法,同时该方法不会给环境带来二次污染,适用于大规模的使用,有着很好的应用价值和生态效益。

Figure 201810769671

The invention discloses a method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts. In the method, multi-walled carbon nanotubes are used to promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts. In the present invention, multi-walled carbon nanotubes are used to promote the transport of heavy metals in plants, increase the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, and simultaneously complete the effective removal of heavy metals in polluted environments. The method of using multi-walled carbon nanotubes to promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts has the advantages of simple operation, easy implementation, wide applicability, low investment and operation cost, cleanliness and no pollution, no toxic effect on the environment, and the like. The method is an efficient, convenient and environmentally friendly method for promoting the transport of heavy metals in plants. At the same time, the method does not bring secondary pollution to the environment, is suitable for large-scale use, and has good application value and ecological benefits.

Figure 201810769671

Description

促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts

技术领域technical field

本发明属于重金属污染环境的生态修复领域,涉及一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,具体涉及一种利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法。The invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration of heavy metal polluted environments, relates to a method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, and particularly relates to a method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts by utilizing multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

背景技术Background technique

近些年来,随着科学技术的迅猛发展,工业化、城市化和农业集约化步伐不断加快,重金属排放造成的环境问题日趋严重。重金属可直接进入大气、水体、土壤,亦可在上述三种介质中发生迁移,从而直接对环境造成污染。由于重金属能被生物富集,其对动植物,尤其是人类的危害尤为严重。目前重金属污染常用的治理方法包括物理方法(客土、换土、深耕翻土、热处理、电动力学修复)、化学方法(化学淋洗)和生物方法等。植物修复是一种直接利用绿色植物吸收、固定、过滤、稳定重金属的生物技术,重金属能通过非代谢吸收、代谢吸收、共质体与质外体转运等方式由外界进入植物内,并在植物中通过蒸腾作用及根压在植物体内进行转运,而植物体可通过细胞壁的绑定作用、液泡的区隔化作用、螯合作用等将环境中自由移动的重金属稳定在植物体中。与其他处理技术相比,植物修复属于原位修复,具有处理成本低,环境友好等特点,且植被形成后具有保护表土、减少侵蚀和水土流失的功效。因此,植物修复可大面积应用于矿山的复垦和重金属污染场地的修复。In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the pace of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural intensification has been accelerating, and the environmental problems caused by heavy metal emissions have become increasingly serious. Heavy metals can directly enter the atmosphere, water and soil, and can also migrate in the above three media, thereby causing direct pollution to the environment. Since heavy metals can be bioaccumulated, they are particularly harmful to animals and plants, especially humans. At present, the commonly used treatment methods for heavy metal pollution include physical methods (extracting soil, soil replacement, deep ploughing, heat treatment, electrodynamic restoration), chemical methods (chemical leaching) and biological methods. Phytoremediation is a biotechnology that directly utilizes green plants to absorb, fix, filter and stabilize heavy metals. Heavy metals can enter plants from outside through non-metabolic absorption, metabolic absorption, symplast and apoplast transport, etc. Heavy metals are transported in the plant through transpiration and root pressure, and the plant can stabilize the freely moving heavy metals in the plant through cell wall binding, vacuolar compartmentalization, and chelation. Compared with other treatment technologies, phytoremediation belongs to in-situ restoration, which has the characteristics of low treatment cost and environmental friendliness, and has the effect of protecting topsoil, reducing erosion and soil erosion after vegetation is formed. Therefore, phytoremediation can be widely used in the reclamation of mines and the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

植物修复已被应用于各种重金属污染底泥/土壤的治理,但在实际应用中发现,将植物用于处理重金属污染底泥/土壤时,大部分重金属仅仅被稳定在植物根系,仅有少部分重金属能转运到植物的地上部分。然而,根系稳定的重金属,在底泥/土壤环境变化的情况下,可能会重新释放到污染环境中,再次对环境及土壤生物构成威胁;且修复后要将含有大量重金属的根系挖出,需要耗费大量的人力、物力、财力,导致后续处理成本增高。因而如何高效便捷的提高重金属在植物中的转运成为了大规模发展植物修复的一大难题。目前,现有技术中主要是通过添加螯合剂及联合微生物技术,增加环境中重金属的生物利用性,而鲜有技术能促进重金属在植物体内的转运。因此,有必要寻找一种高效、便捷、环保的促进重金属在植物内转运的方法,为植物修复的广泛应用提供更好的支撑。Phytoremediation has been applied to the treatment of various heavy metal-contaminated sediments/soils, but in practical applications, it is found that when plants are used to treat heavy metal-contaminated sediments/soils, most of the heavy metals are only stabilized in the plant roots, and only a few Some heavy metals can be transported to the aerial parts of plants. However, heavy metals with stable roots may be re-released into the polluted environment when the sediment/soil environment changes, posing a threat to the environment and soil organisms again. It consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, which leads to an increase in the follow-up processing cost. Therefore, how to efficiently and conveniently improve the transport of heavy metals in plants has become a major problem in the large-scale development of phytoremediation. At present, in the prior art, the bioavailability of heavy metals in the environment is mainly increased by adding chelating agents and combined microbial technology, but few technologies can promote the transport of heavy metals in plants. Therefore, it is necessary to find an efficient, convenient and environmentally friendly method to promote the transport of heavy metals in plants, which provides better support for the wide application of phytoremediation.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种操作简便、易于实施、投资运行成本低、清洁无污染、对环境无毒害作用的促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, which is simple and easy to operate, easy to implement, low in investment and operation cost, clean and non-polluting, and non-toxic to the environment. .

为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运。A method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts uses multi-walled carbon nanotubes to promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,包括以下步骤:将多壁碳纳米管与重金属污染底泥和/或重金属污染土壤混合,得到重金属污染混合物;将可富集重金属的植物种植在重金属污染混合物中进行栽培,完成重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运。The above method, further improved, includes the following steps: mixing the multi-walled carbon nanotubes with heavy metal contaminated sediment and/or heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain a heavy metal contaminated mixture; planting plants capable of enriching heavy metals in the heavy metal contaminated mixture to carry out Cultivation to complete the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述重金属污染混合物中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为100mg/kg~1000mg/kg。The above method is further improved, and the concentration of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the heavy metal pollution mixture is 100 mg/kg-1000 mg/kg.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述多壁碳纳米管的纯度为95%~100%;所述多壁碳纳米管的内径为5nm~10nm;所述多壁碳纳米管的外径为10nm~20nm;所述多壁碳纳米管的长度为10μm~30μm;所述多壁碳纳米管的密度为1.9g/cm3~2.1g/cm3The above method is further improved, the purity of the multi-wall carbon nanotubes is 95%-100%; the inner diameter of the multi-wall carbon nanotubes is 5nm-10nm; the outer diameter of the multi-wall carbon nanotubes is 10nm ~20 nm; the length of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 10 μm to 30 μm; the density of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 1.9 g/cm 3 to 2.1 g/cm 3 .

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述重金属污染底泥中的重金属为镉、铅、锌、铜中的至少一种;所述重金属污染土壤中的重金属为镉、铅、锌、铜中的至少一种。The above method is further improved. The heavy metal in the heavy metal polluted sediment is at least one of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper; the heavy metal in the heavy metal polluted soil is at least one of cadmium, lead, zinc and copper. A sort of.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述重金属污染底泥中镉的初始浓度为15mg/kg~25mg/kg,铅的初始浓度为250mg/kg~350mg/kg,锌的初始浓度为200mg/kg~300mg/kg,铜的初始浓度为100mg/kg~200mg/kg;所述重金属污染底泥的pH为6~7;所述重金属污染底泥的阳离子交换量为10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg。The above method is further improved. The initial concentration of cadmium in the heavy metal contaminated sediment is 15mg/kg~25mg/kg, the initial concentration of lead is 250mg/kg~350mg/kg, and the initial concentration of zinc is 200mg/kg~ 300mg/kg, the initial concentration of copper is 100mg/kg~200mg/kg; the pH of the heavy metal polluted sediment is 6~7; the cation exchange capacity of the heavy metal polluted sediment is 10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述重金属污染土壤中镉的初始浓度为15mg/kg~25mg/kg,铅的初始浓度为250mg/kg~350mg/kg,锌的初始浓度为200mg/kg~300mg/kg,铜的初始浓度为100mg/kg~200mg/kg;所述重金属污染土壤的pH为6~7;所述重金属污染土壤的阳离子交换量为10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg。The above method is further improved, the initial concentration of cadmium in the heavy metal polluted soil is 15mg/kg~25mg/kg, the initial concentration of lead is 250mg/kg~350mg/kg, and the initial concentration of zinc is 200mg/kg~300mg /kg, the initial concentration of copper is 100mg/kg~200mg/kg; the pH of the heavy metal polluted soil is 6~7; the cation exchange capacity of the heavy metal polluted soil is 10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述可富集重金属的植物为苎麻、黑麦草、商陆、博落回中的至少一种。In a further improvement of the above method, the plant capable of enriching heavy metals is at least one of ramie, ryegrass, pokeweed, and boluola.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述苎麻为湘苎3号;所述苎麻为2~4个月的苎麻幼苗。In a further improvement of the above method, the ramie is No. 3 Xiang ramie; the ramie is a 2-4 month old ramie seedling.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述栽培在室外进行;所述栽培过程中控制温度为20℃~28℃,湿度为60%~70%,光照时间为10h/天~14h/天。The above method is further improved, and the cultivation is performed outdoors; in the cultivation process, the temperature is controlled to be 20°C to 28°C, the humidity is 60% to 70%, and the illumination time is 10h/day to 14h/day.

上述的方法,进一步改进的,所述栽培的时间为8周~24周。The above method is further improved, and the cultivation time is 8 to 24 weeks.

与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1)本发明提供了一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属在植物体内的转运,增加重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运,同时完成对污染环境中重金属的有效去除。本发明中,多壁碳纳米管能被植物吸收并能在植物体内转运,而重金属能够与多壁碳纳米管结合,因而利用多壁碳纳米管能够有效地提高重金属的迁移速率,使更多的重金属从根系转运到地上部分,同时也能够减少根系中重金属的释放量以及重金属再次释放的可能性,由此减少根系中重金属对环境及土著生物等可能造成的二次污染。经本发明方法处理后仅需通过收割植物地上部分,就能较彻底地将重金属从污染底泥/土壤中去除,与传统的植物修复技术相比,本发明方法免去了从环境中拔取根系、处理根系中重金属等步骤,大大地简化了处理步骤以及降低了处理成本。本发明的方法具有操作简便、易于实施、适用性广、投资运行成本低、清洁无污染、对环境无毒害作用等优点,是一种高效、便捷、环保的能够促进重金属在植物中转运的方法,同时该方法不会给环境带来二次污染,适用于大规模的使用,有着很好的应用价值和生态效益。(1) the present invention provides a kind of method that promotes the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, utilizes multi-walled carbon nanotubes to promote the transport of heavy metals in plants, increases the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, and simultaneously completes the pollution Effective removal of heavy metals from the environment. In the present invention, multi-walled carbon nanotubes can be absorbed by plants and can be transported in plants, and heavy metals can be combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, so the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes can effectively improve the migration rate of heavy metals, so that more The heavy metals are transported from the root system to the aerial part, and at the same time, it can also reduce the release of heavy metals in the root system and the possibility of heavy metal re-release, thereby reducing the possible secondary pollution of the environment and indigenous organisms caused by heavy metals in the root system. After being treated by the method of the present invention, only the aboveground parts of plants can be harvested to remove the heavy metals from the polluted sediment/soil. Compared with the traditional phytoremediation technology, the method of the present invention eliminates the need to extract the root system from the environment. , treatment of heavy metals in the root system and other steps, which greatly simplifies the treatment steps and reduces the treatment cost. The method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, easy implementation, wide applicability, low investment and operation cost, cleanliness and no pollution, no toxic effect on the environment, etc., and is an efficient, convenient and environmentally friendly method that can promote the transport of heavy metals in plants At the same time, the method will not bring secondary pollution to the environment, is suitable for large-scale use, and has good application value and ecological benefits.

(2)本发明方法中,采用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属在植物中的转运,其中多壁碳纳米管是一种环境友好型的炭材料,不会污染地下水资源,因而不会对环境造成二次污染,且本发明使用的多壁碳纳米管可作为一种底泥/土壤改良剂,改善底泥/土壤的环境,如调节pH、增加土壤肥力等。(2) In the method of the present invention, multi-walled carbon nanotubes are used to promote the transport of heavy metals in plants, wherein multi-walled carbon nanotubes are an environment-friendly carbon material that will not pollute groundwater resources and thus will not cause environmental damage. Secondary pollution, and the multi-walled carbon nanotubes used in the present invention can be used as a sediment/soil conditioner to improve the environment of the sediment/soil, such as adjusting pH, increasing soil fertility and the like.

(3)本发明方法中,优选的苎麻是一种重要的纤维作物,素有“中国草”之称,在我国分布广、产量高,具有来源广、成本低等优点。苎麻为多年生植物,再生能力强,根系发达,以本发明方法处理后,仅需收割植物的地上部分,故地下部分发达的根系能保持水土,治理水土流失,减少土壤侵蚀量;而在重金属治理方面,所采用的苎麻可以一年栽种、多年受益;且收割得到的苎麻地上部分中,较长的苎麻纤维可以用作工业纺织,如制作渔网、毛毯、麻袋等,而较短的苎麻纤维可作为高级纸张、火药、人造丝等原料,具有很好的使用价值和应用前景。(3) In the method of the present invention, the preferred ramie is an important fiber crop, known as "Chinese grass", widely distributed in my country, high in yield, and has the advantages of wide sources and low cost. Ramie is a perennial plant with strong regeneration ability and developed root system. After being treated by the method of the present invention, only the aerial part of the plant needs to be harvested, so the developed root system of the underground part can maintain water and soil, control water and soil loss, and reduce soil erosion; On the other hand, the ramie used can be planted and benefited for many years; and in the aboveground part of the ramie harvested, the longer ramie fibers can be used for industrial textiles, such as making fishing nets, blankets, sacks, etc., while the shorter ramie fibers can be used for industrial textiles. As high-grade paper, gunpowder, rayon and other raw materials, it has good use value and application prospects.

附图说明Description of drawings

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。To make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

图1为本发明实施例1中不同浓度多壁碳纳米管对苎麻中重金属转运效果的影响图。Fig. 1 is a graph showing the influence of different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the transport effect of heavy metals in ramie in Example 1 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合说明书附图和具体优选的实施例对本发明作进一步描述,但并不因此而限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

以下本发明实施例中,若无特别说明,所采用的材料和仪器均为市售,所采用工艺为常规工艺,所采用设备为常规设备,且所得数据均是三次以上重复实验的平均值。In the following examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the materials and instruments used are commercially available, the techniques used are conventional techniques, and the equipment used is conventional equipment, and the obtained data are the average values of three or more repeated experiments.

实施例1Example 1

一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运,包括以下步骤:A method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, using multi-walled carbon nanotubes to promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts, comprising the following steps:

(1)从湘江长沙段取重金属污染底泥,在自然条件下风干,过筛后备用。风干后的重金属污染底泥中主要重金属污染物为镉,且镉的初始浓度为22.44mg/kg。该风干后的重金属污染底泥的pH为6.76,阳离子交换量为11.65cmol kg-1(1) Take heavy metal contaminated sediment from the Changsha section of the Xiangjiang River, air-dry it under natural conditions, and sieve it for later use. The main heavy metal pollutant in the air-dried heavy metal contaminated sediment is cadmium, and the initial concentration of cadmium is 22.44 mg/kg. The pH of the air-dried heavy metal contaminated sediment was 6.76, and the cation exchange capacity was 11.65 cmol kg -1 .

(2)将不同重量多壁碳纳米管以固-固混合的方式分别添加到步骤(1)风干后的重金属污染底泥中,得到不同多壁碳纳米管浓度的重金属污染混合物,其中重金属污染混合物中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为0、100mg/kg、500mg/kg、1000mg/kg。所用多壁碳纳米管的纯度为98%内径为8nm,外径为15nm,长度为20μm,密度为2.0g/cm3(2) adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes of different weights to the heavy metal-contaminated sediment after air-drying in step (1) in a solid-solid mixing manner to obtain heavy metal-contaminated mixtures with different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, wherein the heavy metal pollution The concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the mixture were 0, 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg. The purity of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes used was 98%, the inner diameter was 8 nm, the outer diameter was 15 nm, the length was 20 μm, and the density was 2.0 g/cm 3 .

(3)将2个月的苎麻幼苗(湘苎3号)分别移植到步骤(2)得到的不同多壁碳纳米管浓度的重金属污染混合物(即为含有多壁碳纳米管的重金属污染底泥)中进行栽培,栽培条件为:光照时间为10h~14h,温度为20℃~28℃,湿度为60%~70%。苎麻编号为A0、A100、A500、A1000,分别对应多壁碳纳米管浓度为0、100mg/kg、500mg/kg、1000mg/kg的重金属污染混合物中栽培的苎麻。(3) 2-month-old ramie seedlings (Xianglimie No. 3) were respectively transplanted into the heavy metal contaminated mixtures with different multi-walled carbon nanotube concentrations obtained in step (2) (that is, the heavy metal contaminated sediment containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes). ), and the cultivation conditions are as follows: the light time is 10h-14h, the temperature is 20°C-28°C, and the humidity is 60%-70%. The ramie numbers are A0, A100, A500, and A1000, which correspond to the ramie cultivated in the heavy metal pollution mixture with the multi-walled carbon nanotube concentrations of 0, 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg, respectively.

栽培3个月后,将苎麻A0、A100、A500、A1000进行收割,采用石墨-原子吸收光谱法测定苎麻中的重金属镉含量,计算每株植株地上部分及整株植株镉的含量(积累量),结果如表1和表2所示。After 3 months of cultivation, the ramie A0, A100, A500, and A1000 were harvested, and the heavy metal cadmium content in the ramie was measured by graphite-atomic absorption spectrometry, and the cadmium content (accumulation) of the aerial parts of each plant and the whole plant was calculated. , the results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

表1不同浓度多壁碳纳米管处理后苎麻地上部分中镉的积累量Table 1 The accumulation of cadmium in the aerial parts of ramie after treatment with different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Figure BDA0001729943020000041
Figure BDA0001729943020000041

表2不同浓度多壁碳纳米管处理后整株苎麻中镉的积累量Table 2 The accumulation of cadmium in the whole ramie after treatment with different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Figure BDA0001729943020000042
Figure BDA0001729943020000042

由表1可知,相比未添加多壁碳纳米管的对照组,本发明通过利用多壁碳纳米管进行处理后苎麻地上部分镉的积累量显著提高,其中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为100mg/kg、500mg/kg、1000mg/kg时,对应的苎麻地上部分镉的积累量分别为24.12μg/株、32.94μg/株、29.48μg/株,与未添加多壁碳纳米管的对照组相比,镉的积累量分别提高了26.88%、73.28%、55.08%。由表2可知,多壁碳纳米管的浓度为500mg/kg、1000mg/kg时,整株苎麻中镉的积累量仅仅分别增加了17.96%,5.78%,增幅远远低于相同浓度碳纳米管处理后苎麻地上部分镉所增加的积累量,且多壁碳纳米管的浓度为100mg/kg时,整株苎麻中镉的积累量与对照相比甚至降低了5.18%。结合表1和表2可知,本发明添加的多壁碳纳米管能促进重金属在地上部分的积累。As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the control group without adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the present invention significantly increases the accumulation of cadmium on the ground of ramie after using multi-walled carbon nanotubes for treatment, wherein the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 100mg. When ramie/kg, 500mg/kg, and 1000mg/kg, the corresponding accumulation of cadmium in the aerial part of ramie was 24.12 μg/strain, 32.94 μg/strain, and 29.48 μg/strain, respectively, which was comparable to the control group without multi-wall carbon nanotubes. The accumulation of cadmium increased by 26.88%, 73.28% and 55.08%, respectively. It can be seen from Table 2 that when the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, the accumulation of cadmium in the whole ramie is only increased by 17.96% and 5.78%, respectively, which is far lower than the same concentration of carbon nanotubes. The accumulation of cadmium in the aerial part of ramie after treatment increased, and when the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was 100 mg/kg, the accumulation of cadmium in the whole ramie even decreased by 5.18% compared with the control. It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the multi-walled carbon nanotubes added in the present invention can promote the accumulation of heavy metals in the aerial part.

根据苎麻体内重金属积累水平进一步进行计算,得到苎麻地上部分中镉积累量与根系中镉积累量的比值,结果如表3所示。According to the accumulation level of heavy metals in ramie, the ratio of cadmium accumulation in aerial parts to cadmium accumulation in roots was obtained. The results are shown in Table 3.

表3不同浓度多壁碳纳米管处理后苎麻地上部分与根系中镉积累量的比值Table 3 The ratio of cadmium accumulation in the shoot and root of ramie treated with different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Figure BDA0001729943020000051
Figure BDA0001729943020000051

由表3可知,相比未添加多壁碳纳米管的对照组,本发明采用多壁碳纳米管处理后苎麻地上部分与根系中镉积累的比值显著增加,其中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为100mg/kg、500mg/kg、1000mg/kg时,对应的苎麻地上部分与根系中镉积累量的比值分别为0.61、0.69、0.68,分别是对照组的1.61倍、1.82倍、1.79倍,这说明本发明添加的多壁碳纳米管能够促进重金属从地下部分转运到地上部分。As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the control group without adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the ratio of cadmium accumulation in the aerial part of ramie to the root system of ramie after treatment with multi-walled carbon nanotubes is significantly increased, wherein the concentration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is At 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg, the ratios of the cadmium accumulation in the shoots and roots of the corresponding ramie were 0.61, 0.69, and 0.68, respectively, which were 1.61 times, 1.82 times, and 1.79 times that of the control group. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes added in the present invention can promote the transport of heavy metals from the underground part to the above-ground part.

根据苎麻体内重金属浓度的计算,得到苎麻重金属镉的转运系数,即地上部分镉浓度与根系镉浓度的比值,结果见图1。图1为本发明实施例1中不同浓度多壁碳纳米管对苎麻中重金属转运效果的影响图。由图1可知,相比未添加多壁碳纳米管的对照组,本发明采用多壁碳纳米管处理后苎麻中重金属镉的转运系数显著增加,其中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为100mg/kg时苎麻中重金属镉的转运系数可达到0.65,而对照组中镉转运系数仅为0.36,这说明本发明通过添加多壁碳纳米管能很好的促进重金属在植物体内的转运,特别地,能将根系中的更多重金属转运至地上部分。According to the calculation of the concentration of heavy metals in ramie, the transport coefficient of heavy metal cadmium in ramie was obtained, that is, the ratio of the concentration of cadmium in the aerial part to the concentration of cadmium in the root system. The results are shown in Figure 1. Fig. 1 is a graph showing the influence of different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the transport effect of heavy metals in ramie in Example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 1, compared with the control group without adding multi-wall carbon nanotubes, the present invention adopts the multi-wall carbon nanotubes to process the heavy metal cadmium in the ramie The transport coefficient of cadmium is significantly increased, and wherein the concentration of multi-wall carbon nanotubes is 100mg/kg. The transport coefficient of heavy metal cadmium in ramie can reach 0.65, while the transport coefficient of cadmium in the control group is only 0.36, which shows that the present invention can well promote the transport of heavy metals in plants by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Transport more heavy metals in the root system to the aerial parts.

对比例1Comparative Example 1

一种利用纳米零价铁(市售或常规方法制得)促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,与实施例1基本相同,区别仅在于:对比例1的步骤(2)中用纳米零价铁替换多壁碳纳米管。苎麻编号为B0、B100、B500、B1000,分别对应纳米零价铁的浓度为0、100mg/kg、500mg/kg、1000mg/kg的重金属污染混合物中栽培的苎麻。A method of utilizing nanometer zero-valent iron (commercially available or obtained by conventional methods) to promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts is basically the same as that of Example 1, the difference is only that: in the step (2) of Comparative Example 1, nanometer Zero-valent iron replaces multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Ramie numbers are B0, B100, B500, and B1000, which correspond to ramie cultivated in heavy metal contaminated mixtures with nano-zero-valent iron concentrations of 0, 100 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg, respectively.

根据纳米零价铁处理后苎麻体内重金属镉含量进行计算,得到纳米零价铁处理后苎麻地上部分中镉积累量与根系中镉积累量的比值,结果如表4所示。According to the calculation of the heavy metal cadmium content in the ramie after the nano-zero valent iron treatment, the ratio of the cadmium accumulation in the aerial part of the ramie after the nano-zero valent iron treatment to the cadmium accumulation in the root system was obtained. The results are shown in Table 4.

表4不同浓度纳米零价铁处理后苎麻地上部分与根系中镉积累量的比值Table 4 The ratio of cadmium accumulation in the shoot and root of ramie treated with different concentrations of nano-zero valent iron

Figure BDA0001729943020000061
Figure BDA0001729943020000061

由表4可知,相比未添加纳米零价铁,添加浓度为100mg/kg、500mg/kg的纳米零价铁能增加苎麻地上部分与根系中镉积累量的比值,但增加量仅仅为11%和8%,远不及本发明实施例1中添加多壁碳纳米管处理后的增加量,特别地,添加浓度为1000mg/kg的纳米零价铁后,比值出现负增长,这说明本发明所采取的多壁碳纳米管能更高效地促进重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运。It can be seen from Table 4 that compared with no nano-zero-valent iron added, the addition of nano-zero-valent iron with a concentration of 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg can increase the ratio of cadmium accumulation in the aerial part of ramie to the root system, but the increase is only 11%. and 8%, which is far less than the increase after adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes in Example 1 of the present invention. In particular, after adding nano-zero valent iron with a concentration of 1000 mg/kg, the ratio shows a negative increase, which shows that the present invention adopts The multi-walled carbon nanotubes can more efficiently promote the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts.

以上实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式,本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例。凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应该指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下的改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All the technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种促进重金属从植物根系转运到地上部分的方法,其特征在于,利用多壁碳纳米管促进重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运,包括以下步骤:将多壁碳纳米管与重金属污染底泥混合,得到重金属污染混合物;将可富集重金属的植物种植在重金属污染混合物中进行栽培,完成重金属从植物根系到地上部分的转运;所述重金属污染混合物中多壁碳纳米管的浓度为500 mg/kg;所述重金属污染底泥中的重金属为镉、铅、锌、铜中的至少一种;所述重金属污染底泥中镉的初始浓度为15mg/kg~25mg/kg,铅的初始浓度为250mg/kg~350mg/kg,锌的初始浓度为200mg/kg~300mg/kg,铜的初始浓度为100mg/kg~200mg/kg;所述重金属污染底泥的pH为6~7;所述重金属污染底泥的阳离子交换量为10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg;所述可富集重金属的植物为苎麻;所述多壁碳纳米管的纯度为95%~100%;所述多壁碳纳米管的内径为5nm~10nm;所述多壁碳纳米管的外径为10nm~20nm;所述多壁碳纳米管的长度为10μm~30μm;所述多壁碳纳米管的密度为1.9g/cm3~2.1 g/cm31. a kind of method that promotes heavy metal to be transported to aerial part from plant root system, it is characterized in that, utilize multi-wall carbon nanotube to promote the transport of heavy metal from plant root system to aerial part, comprise the following steps: by multi-wall carbon nanotube and heavy metal pollution The sediment is mixed to obtain a heavy metal pollution mixture; the plants capable of enriching heavy metals are planted in the heavy metal pollution mixture for cultivation to complete the transport of the heavy metals from the plant roots to the aerial parts; the concentration of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the heavy metal pollution mixture is 500 mg/kg; the heavy metal in the heavy metal-contaminated sediment is at least one of cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper; the initial concentration of cadmium in the heavy-metal-polluted sediment is 15 mg/kg to 25 mg/kg; The initial concentration is 250mg/kg~350mg/kg, the initial concentration of zinc is 200mg/kg~300mg/kg, the initial concentration of copper is 100mg/kg~200mg/kg; the pH of the heavy metal contaminated sediment is 6~7; The cation exchange capacity of the heavy metal-contaminated sediment is 10cmol/kg~12cmol/kg; the plant capable of enriching heavy metals is ramie; the purity of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes is 95%~100%; The inner diameter of the carbon nanotube is 5nm-10nm; the outer diameter of the multi-wall carbon nanotube is 10nm-20nm; the length of the multi-wall carbon nanotube is 10μm-30μm; the density of the multi-wall carbon nanotube is 1.9 g/cm 3 to 2.1 g/cm 3 . 2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述苎麻为湘苎3号;所述苎麻为2~4个月的苎麻幼苗。2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ramie is Xiang ramie No. 3; Described ramie is ramie seedling of 2~4 months. 3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述栽培在室外进行;所述栽培过程中控制温度为20℃~28℃,湿度为60%~70%,光照时间为10h/天~14h/天。3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultivation is carried out outdoors; In described cultivation process, control temperature is 20 ℃~28 ℃, humidity is 60%~70%, and illumination time is 10h/day ~14h/day. 4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述栽培的时间为8周~24周。The method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation time is 8 to 24 weeks.
CN201810769671.2A 2018-07-13 2018-07-13 Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts Active CN109013676B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810769671.2A CN109013676B (en) 2018-07-13 2018-07-13 Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810769671.2A CN109013676B (en) 2018-07-13 2018-07-13 Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109013676A CN109013676A (en) 2018-12-18
CN109013676B true CN109013676B (en) 2020-08-07

Family

ID=64642109

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810769671.2A Active CN109013676B (en) 2018-07-13 2018-07-13 Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109013676B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110252791A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-09-20 知合环境(北京)有限责任公司 A kind of bionic plant removing heavy metal in soil pollution
CN111530919A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-14 上海交通大学 Optimal phytoremediation method of cadmium and arsenic composite polluted soil based on Solanum nigrum
CN117443925A (en) * 2023-10-13 2024-01-26 南京农业大学 A remediation method using nanomaterials combined with microorganisms to promote hyperaccumulation plants to extract soil heavy metals

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101642768B (en) * 2009-09-01 2011-01-12 南华大学 A method of using plants to restore uranium tailings sand
CN101797579B (en) * 2009-12-30 2011-08-31 中山大学 Method for treating soil heavy metal combined pollution
CN102553904B (en) * 2012-01-17 2013-06-05 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 Bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals
CN105880268A (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-08-24 天津师范大学 Method for regulating heavy metal adsorption in single system using carbon nanomaterial
CN106964646B (en) * 2017-04-21 2020-11-10 杜道林 Method for efficiently restoring soil polluted by complex by using artificial ecosystem

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EDTA和NTA对苎麻吸收重金属镉的影响机制研究;王亚琴;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20150515(第5期);第B027-35页 *
外来种互花米草和黄顶菊对重金属和盐碱胁迫的生态响应;柴民伟;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20140615(第6期);第B027-9页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109013676A (en) 2018-12-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108624530B (en) Immobilized microbial inoculum for in-situ remediation of polluted sediments, preparation method and application thereof
CN107127209B (en) A kind of method of microorganism-plant combined restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal
CN103819275B (en) Regulation method of modified nanocarbons on different forms of heavy metals in urban composting
CN110326385A (en) A method of tobacco-growing soil is improved using charcoal
CN109013676B (en) Method for promoting the transport of heavy metals from plant roots to aerial parts
CN109078972B (en) Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation material and application method thereof
CN103819233B (en) Modified nano-carbon combined with turfgrass and chelating agent to block and enrich heavy metals in compost
CN103752604A (en) Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by combination of biochar and iron-reducing bacteria agent
CN114749479B (en) Method for repairing arsenic-containing gold tailings by utilizing plant-microorganism combination
CN106010546A (en) Passivant for treating heavy metal cadmium in acidic farmland soil as well as preparation and use methods of passivant
CN111530919A (en) Optimal phytoremediation method of cadmium and arsenic composite polluted soil based on Solanum nigrum
CN101693252B (en) The application of Xixue in remediation of heavy metal cadmium pollution in soil
CN113020249A (en) Method for repairing soil arsenic pollution in arid region by using SAP (super absorbent polymer) reinforced manganese oxidizing bacteria
CN108580545A (en) A method of cooperate with earthworm and Chinese pennisetum joint to repair and discard chromium slag place using biomass carbon
CN106944471A (en) A kind of method of utilization modified Nano Zero-valent Iron fortification of plants restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal
CN107841477B (en) Application of an arsenic oxidizing bacteria in reducing trivalent arsenic pollution in rice
CN107189957B (en) Cadmium-polluted soil treatment composite microbial inoculum capable of adapting to high solid-to-liquid ratio system and preparation method thereof
CN114990046B (en) Biochar-based three-dimensional composite materials and their methods for remediating high-concentration chromium contaminated soil
CN106975656A (en) A kind of method that utilization four-o'clock repairs chromium-polluted soil
CN110695073A (en) Rapid chemical passivation remediation method for heavy metal cadmium contaminated soil
CN106825014A (en) A kind of method for combining EDDS and reed cadmium pollution soil repair
CN110746976A (en) Soil remediation agent for passivating soil heavy metals and preparation method thereof
CN110201994A (en) A kind of restorative procedure of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution based on vinegar grain and titanium powder plant waste sulfate ferrous iron
CN109622599B (en) Method for repairing farmland soil polluted by arsenic by using dehydrated sludge and biochar compounded passivator
CN104261564B (en) A method for remediating low-concentration uranium-contaminated water using the symbiosis system of A. niger-Aspergillus niger

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant