CN109012618A - 一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN109012618A
CN109012618A CN201811062437.2A CN201811062437A CN109012618A CN 109012618 A CN109012618 A CN 109012618A CN 201811062437 A CN201811062437 A CN 201811062437A CN 109012618 A CN109012618 A CN 109012618A
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刘先军
马庆
李德慧
焦岩岩
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其具体步骤为：将氧化石墨烯超声分散于水中制得分散液，将氧化石墨烯分散液加到海藻酸钠水溶液中室温下高速搅拌后低速搅拌再超声分散，静止消泡后，最后滴加到4％的氯化钙水溶液中交联，去离子水清洗3‑4次，即得到氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠水凝胶球体材料，冷冻干燥后，即制得氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料，本发明在较温和的条件下进行，通过离子桥的方法将氧化石墨烯封装于海藻酸钠网络结构中，避免了氧化石墨烯的纳米毒性，制备出高效吸附水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附材料而且吸附后易于分离，该制备工艺简单、条件易控、成本低廉、适于批量生产。

Description

一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及石墨烯类吸附材料的合成及在水处理技术领域的应用，具体涉及一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸凝胶球的制备方法和应用。
技术背景
随着现代工业的高速发展，大量未经处理或处理未达标的污水直接排放，对水环境造成剧烈的破坏，导致水质恶化，严重危害生态系统和人类健康。因此，研究水体中染料的去除有着很重要的环保意义。现阶段从水中将污染物除去的方法中，吸附法是一种最为经济有效的方法。吸附法因具有操作简单、效果较好、成本低廉等优点，是废水处理领域近年来关注的热点之一。该技术的关键是开发开发高效、无污染、可循环利用的吸附材料。
氧化石墨烯是氧化还原法制备石墨烯的前驱体，不仅具有石墨烯结构特点、表面具有羟基、羧基等含氧官能团而具有良好的水溶性，同时也具有较高的比表面积，其表面的极性官能团易与一些极性有机分子等形成强的相互作用，有利于与其他材料复合。但氧化石墨烯分散性非常好,吸附污染物后难以从水体系中分离清除。
海藻酸钠是一种天然多糖碳水化合物，具有生物相容性好、安全无毒、价格低廉、良好的成球性能等优点。海藻酸钠溶液可以与多种二价和三价阳离子如Ca2+、Ba2+、Fe3+等反应形成性能稳定的凝胶。此外，海藻酸钠是一种高分子絮凝剂，拥有良好的吸附性能，被广泛用于废水处理。利用采用离子凝胶法制备了氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球，研究了凝胶球对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能，凝胶球与溶液容易分离，避免了氧化石墨烯造成的二次污染，是一种新型的环境友好吸附剂，在染料废水处理方面具有较好的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明旨在提出一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，并将其应用于处理含亚甲基蓝的废水高浓度有机废水。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，氧化石墨烯分散液和海藻酸钠水溶液在室温下按照等体积混合，高速搅拌后低速搅拌再超声分散，静置消泡后滴加到交联剂中，得到凝胶球。将凝胶球置于蒸馏水中浸泡每隔6小时换一次水清洗3-4次，即得到氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠水凝胶球体材料，经冷冻干燥48-72小时后，即制得氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料。
上述的氧化石墨烯分散液，是将采用改进的Hummers法制得的干燥氧化石墨烯加入到蒸馏水中经超声剥离制得，其质量体积浓度为2～4mg/ml。
上述的海藻酸钠水溶液，其质量体积浓度为20～30mg/ml。
上述的氯化钙水溶液，其浓度为4～5％。
本发明的有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠水凝胶球，制备工艺简单、条件易控、适于批量生产，对其吸附性能研究发现对去除废水中的阳离子染料亚甲基蓝有很高的去除效率，并且吸附后容易分离回收循环利用，因此在废水水处理领域中具有广泛的用途，具有很好的实用性。
附图说明
图1准二级动力学吸附模型。
图2粒子内扩散模型。
具体实施方式
1)配制氧化石墨烯分散液，称取0.2g干燥氧化石墨烯，加入100mL蒸馏水中，超声20min，制得稳定分散的氧化石墨烯水相分散液(2mg/mL)。
2)配制海藻酸钠溶液，称取2g海藻酸钠，分批次缓慢加入100mL蒸馏水中，连续搅拌24h，制得海藻酸钠溶液(20mg/mL)。
3)配4～5％氯化钙溶液500mL作为交联剂，各取上述配置好的100ml的氧化石墨烯分散液和海藻酸钠水溶液在室温下高速搅拌后低速搅拌再超声分散，静置24小时，消泡后滴加交联剂，得到凝胶球。
4)将凝胶球置于蒸馏水中浸泡每隔6小时换一次水清洗3-4次，即得到氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠水凝胶球体材料，经冷冻干燥48-72小时后，即制得氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料。
5)吸附性能测试
采用实施例1中的上述氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料作吸附剂,以亚甲基蓝溶液为模拟废水，在pH值为7，温度为298K的条件下进行，500毫克吸附剂置于500mL亚甲基蓝溶液(250mg/L)中震荡，每隔1小时取出1mL溶液，测此时刻的瞬时亚甲蓝溶液浓度。由每个时刻的溶液中亚甲基蓝的浓度，从而计算出每个瞬时氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附量，进而得出动力学模型(见图1与图2)。由表1动力学模型参数表明，准二级动力学模型的R2值为0.9999明显高于2粒子内扩散动力学模型，并且由准二级动力学模型计算出来的最大吸附量的理论值为232.6mg/g接近于实验值228.3mg/g，所以此吸附反应遵守准二级动力学模型。
表1动力学吸附参数(298K)
6)重复利用性能
采用实施例2中的吸附亚甲基蓝之后的吸附剂，在强酸性水溶液中再生，然后再用乙二醇，无水乙醇浸泡冲洗干燥后再应用于下一轮的吸附。经过5个周期的循环，表明再生后的吸附剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附量基本保持不变(228.7mg/g,228.6mg/g，228.4mg/g，228.1mg/g，227.6mg/g)，这说明实施例1制备的吸附剂具有较好重复利用能力，存在潜在的应用价值。

Claims (5)

1.一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，氧化石墨烯分散液和海藻酸钠水溶液在室温下按照等体积混合，高速搅拌后低速搅拌再超声分散，静置消泡后滴加到交联剂中，得到凝胶球。将凝胶球置于蒸馏水中浸泡每隔6小时换一次水清洗3-4次，即得到氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠水凝胶球体材料，经冷冻干燥48-72小时后，即制得氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠气凝胶球体材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述石墨烯分散液，其浓度为2-4mg/ml。
3.根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述海藻酸钠水溶液，其浓度为20-30mg/ml。
4.根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述交联剂为氯化钙溶液，其浓度为4～5％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠凝胶球作为吸附剂用于含亚甲基蓝的废水处理领域。
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CN109674740A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-04-26 安徽科昂纳米科技有限公司 一种气凝胶-水凝胶复合药物载体的制备方法及制得的载体
CN109939705A (zh) * 2019-04-15 2019-06-28 福建农林大学 一种用于光催化还原二氧化碳的多元生物质复合气凝胶材料及其制备方法
CN110124627A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-16 中素新科技有限公司 氧化石墨烯与海藻酸盐复合气凝胶及其制备方法和用途
CN111001394A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-14 武汉工程大学 一种氧化石墨烯/海藻酸钠复合气凝胶高效吸附剂及其制备方法和应用
CN111036177A (zh) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-21 河南科技大学 一种石墨烯/卡拉胶气凝胶的制备方法和应用
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CN115414916A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-12-02 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 一种鸡毛-海藻海绵状凝胶材料及其制备方法和吸附应用
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CN109674740A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-04-26 安徽科昂纳米科技有限公司 一种气凝胶-水凝胶复合药物载体的制备方法及制得的载体
CN109939705A (zh) * 2019-04-15 2019-06-28 福建农林大学 一种用于光催化还原二氧化碳的多元生物质复合气凝胶材料及其制备方法
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