CN109006121A - A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109006121A CN109006121A CN201810829207.8A CN201810829207A CN109006121A CN 109006121 A CN109006121 A CN 109006121A CN 201810829207 A CN201810829207 A CN 201810829207A CN 109006121 A CN109006121 A CN 109006121A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- greenhouse
- tea
- tea tree
- fertilizer
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouse cultivation methods of tea tree, belong to Tea planting technical field, including greenhouse main body construction, the laying of greenhouse ceiling, soil improvement, temperature and light control, moisture control, Pest management etc..The technical program is by using greenhouse gardening technology, the illumination being precisely controlled in greenhouse, temperature, moisture, the factors such as fertilising, improve the validity of tea garden management, reduce the outer temperature of canopy, the influence that the changing factors such as weather generate tea tree, but all in all, the technical program does not change the environment of growth of tea plant significantly very much again, sufficiently have followed temperature change rule, to under conditions of ensuring tea tree quality of the tea leaf quality close to outdoor plantation, it is advanced by spring tea collecting time, also the plucking time section of spring tea is extended, improve spring tea yield, improve the economic benefit on tea plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tea tree planting technical fields, are related to the cultivation of tea tree, plant more particularly, to a kind of greenhouse of tea tree
Culture method.
Background technique
China is Tea Production big country, while being also the big country of Tea Consumption, and Chinese tea culture is deeply rooted in people
In the daily life of the people.Annual clear and bright front and back is the time of newly picked and processed tea leaves listing, and color, the rhythm of spring tea are all especially sampled tea
People likes, and bright preceding tea is often that tea quality is best in 1 year, is even more especially received by the market, in demand, high efficiency.And by
It is influenced to season alternation, rainwater, temperature etc., rapidly, tea shoot is long to open ageing, and the quality of tealeaves will decline, and cause for tea shoot growth
The time of spring tea is shorter.
In recent years, how to list spring tea in advance, dominate the market, how to extend the time of spring tea, become many tea growers and close
The problem of heart.In tea tree planting field, also there is many traditional greenhouse teas, traditional greenhouse tea be covered in tea place it is resistance to old
To change, without the plastic film for agricultural use for dripping dust-proof heat preservation, temperature of shed is higher than ambient temperature after sunlight irradiation, the effective accumulated temperature in canopy is increased,
So that tea tree sprouts ahead of time.But increased by air quality decline, weather condition abnormality, extreme climate, haze weather
The influence of the factors such as exacerbation, for traditional greenhouse tea compared with outdoor tea, Time To Market can only also do sth. in advance one week or so, and effect is not
Obviously, and the quality of greenhouse tea is unable to catch up with outdoor tea, and market favor degree is not high, so traditional greenhouse tea does not give the spring
Tea lists bring much advantages in advance.
For this purpose, tea grower is desirable to develop new-type greenhouse by the perfect of agricultural facility, control temperature of shed is constant or slow
Slow variation, to control the time of tea tree germination, extend be suitable in canopy tea tree germination time, thus improve spring tea yield and
Time.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, by the use of agricultural facility,
Reach control tea tree germinating time, improves the effect of spring tea yield.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: select the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, and using existing tea tree,
Install greenhouse additional；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, and it is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees,
The fixed bit that buries of greenhouse steel pipe is setting in the middle of its position adjacent rows tea tree, and the length of greenhouse is in tea tree
Extend on length direction, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, 3 meters of greenhouse height；
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses anti-gloss oil
Cloth is arranged in parallel drawstring 2 in greenhouse length direction, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge 0.8-1.2m, oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged
Through-hole is several, covers on drawstring, and oilcloth can slide on drawstring, to adjust intensity of illumination；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, greenhouse two
End gating respectively, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, when ventilation, open two end doors；
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse builds completion simultaneously
After being laid with ceiling, the soil in plastic house is ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer backfills soil after completing fertilising；Away from tea tree root 30-
It ditches at 40cm, chicken manure fertilizer is applied in ditch, soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by trench digging soil and fertilizer open
It digs, directly overlies tea tree root；
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；2
The moon to April, packs up internal layer oilcloth, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, and the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C
When, temperature-boosting measure is taken, and keep monitoring to temperature of shed, when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, opens internal layer oilcloth, reduce light
According to temperature of shed is controlled at 10-15 DEG C；It opens internal layer oilcloth May to October, reduces illumination, adjusted according to weather condition
It is whole, it when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C outside canopy, packs up internal layer oilcloth and increases illumination, improve temperature of shed, control temperature of shed in 20-30
℃；
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2
The moon, watering in every 4-5 days was primary, and water is poured onto step (3) soil improvement step at away from tea tree root 30-40cm to during April
At trench digging；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary, and watering position is still away from tea
At usage tree root 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary, and watering position is tea tree root,
Watering time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning；
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma in a suitable place to breed
Prevent and treat tea olethreutid；Ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is selected to control disease pest
Evil；2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
Further, in the step (3), October, institute's organic fertilizer fertilizer was applied based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity
Fertilizer amount is averaged every plant of tea tree 4-5kg.
Further, in the step (3), a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium are added in the organic fertilizer fertilizer that October is applied
Fertilizer is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%, phosphate fertilizer 3%, potash fertilizer 3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing disposably
Fertilising.
Further, in the step (3), a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium are added in the fat material of chicken manure that October is applied
Fertilizer is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer 5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing disposably
Fertilising.
Further, in the step (4), the temperature-boosting measure includes leading to hot wind into canopy or using heating installation in canopy
Interior heat temperature raising.
Further, in the step (1), the length of greenhouse is 40-60m.
Further, in the step (3), the ditch depth 20-30cm to be ditched, furrow width 30-40cm, the applied chicken manure in ditch
Plump degree 5-10cm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree of the present invention builds greenhouse facility on the basis of existing tea plantation, leads to
It crosses using greenhouse gardening technology, is precisely controlled the factors such as illumination, temperature, moisture, the fertilising in greenhouse, improves tea garden management
Validity reduces the influence that the changing factors such as canopy outer temperature, weather generate tea tree, but all in all, the technical program is again
The environment for significantly changing very much growth of tea plant sufficiently has followed temperature change rule, thus ensuring that tea leaf quality connects
It is bordering under conditions of the tea tree quality of outdoor plantation, is advanced by spring tea collecting time, also extend the plucking time section of spring tea, mention
High spring tea yield, improves the economic benefit on tea plantation；And by using the mode of the trench digging landfill fertilizer by tea tree, pouring
It allows nutrient in fertilizer to be able to uniform slow release during water, completes top dressing eventually by digging, reduce a top dressing process,
Reduce the working strength in tea place.
Specific embodiment
Be described further below technical solution of the present invention, but claimed range be not limited to it is described.Following realities
The step of not being described in detail in example is applied, is handled using conventional method.
Embodiment one
Situations such as according to the weather, soil, temperature in Southwest Guizhou area, present inventors have proposed a set of greenhouse gardening tea
The technical solution of tree, by the internal temperature control to greenhouse, so that tea tree is in optimal developmental temperature, so that tea tree
Spring tea germinating time shifts to an earlier date, and spring tea collecting time is extended, and the harvesting amount of spring tea is promoted, and improves the economic benefit on tea plantation.
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: select the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, and using existing tea tree,
Install greenhouse additional；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, and it is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees,
The fixed bit that buries of greenhouse steel pipe is setting in the middle of its position adjacent rows tea tree, and the length of greenhouse is in tea tree
Extend on length direction, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, 3 meters of greenhouse height.
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses anti-gloss oil
Cloth is arranged in parallel drawstring 2 in greenhouse length direction, and rope spacing is less than greenhouse main body width, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge
0.8-1.2m, it is several that oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged hole, covers on drawstring, oilcloth can slide on drawstring, strong to adjust illumination
Degree；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, gating is distinguished at greenhouse both ends, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, and when ventilation opens two end doors
It can.
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse builds completion simultaneously
After being laid with ceiling, the soil in plastic house is ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer (applied based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity by organic fertilizer fertilizer
Fertilizer amount is averaged every plant of tea tree 4-5kg, in addition, adding a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertilizer, be by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%,
Phosphate fertilizer 3%, potash fertilizer 3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing single fertilization), it completes soil after fertilising
Backfill；Away from ditching at the 30-40cm of tea tree root, ditch depth 20-30cm applies chicken manure fertilizer in ditch, a small amount of nitrogen is added in fertilizer
Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer 5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, and mixing is equal
Single fertilization after even, apply fertilizer thickness 5-10cm, and soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by the soil and fertilizer at trench digging
It excavates, directly overlies tea tree root.
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；2
The moon to April, packs up internal layer oilcloth, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, and the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C
When, temperature-boosting measure is taken, concrete measure includes logical hot wind or use heating installation heat temperature raising in canopy into canopy, and in canopy
Temperature keeps monitoring to open internal layer oilcloth when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, reduces illumination, and temperature of shed is controlled at 10-15 DEG C；5
It opens internal layer oilcloth by the moon to October, reduces illumination, be adjusted according to weather condition, when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C outside canopy, pack up
Internal layer oilcloth increases illumination, improves temperature of shed, controls temperature of shed at 20-30 DEG C.According to the weather in Southwest Guizhou area
Situation, temperature are more than that 30 DEG C of number of days is seldom, and temperature of shed control is easier.
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2
Month to during April, once, water is no longer poured onto tea tree root for watering in every 4-5 days, be poured onto step (3) soil improvement step away from
At the 30-40cm of tea tree root at trench digging；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary,
Watering position is still at away from tea tree root 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary,
Watering position is tea tree root, and watering time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning.
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma in a suitable place to breed
Prevent and treat tea olethreutid；Ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is selected to control disease pest
Evil；2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
After this set technical solution is implemented, first collecting time of spring tea is advanced by about 3-4 weeks, the picking total time of spring tea
Elongated segment about 5-6 weeks, spring tea yield than in other years, improved about 6%-8%, economic benefit is not yet completed to count.
Embodiment two
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: select the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, and using existing tea tree,
Install greenhouse additional；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, and it is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees,
The fixed bit that buries of greenhouse steel pipe is setting in the middle of its position adjacent rows tea tree, and the length of greenhouse is in tea tree
Extend on length direction, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, 3 meters of greenhouse height.
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses anti-gloss oil
Cloth is arranged in parallel drawstring 2 in greenhouse length direction, and rope spacing is less than greenhouse main body width, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge
0.8-1.2m, it is several that oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged hole, covers on drawstring, oilcloth can slide on drawstring, strong to adjust illumination
Degree；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, gating is distinguished at greenhouse both ends, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, and when ventilation opens two end doors
It can.
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse builds completion simultaneously
After being laid with ceiling, the soil in plastic house, organic fertilizer are ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer fertilizer is applied based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity
The fertilizer amount every plant of tea tree 4kg that is averaged in addition, adding a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertilizer is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%, phosphorus
Fertile 3%, potash fertilizer 3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, single fertilization, returns soil after completing fertilising after mixing
It fills out；Away from the 30-40cm of tea tree root ditch, ditch depth 20-30cm, applied in ditch chicken manure fertilizer, added in fertilizer a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer,
Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer 5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing
Single fertilization, apply fertilizer thickness 10cm, and soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by trench digging soil and fertilizer excavate,
Directly overlie tea tree root.
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；2
The moon to April, packs up internal layer oilcloth, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, and the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C
When, temperature-boosting measure is taken, concrete measure includes logical hot wind or use heating installation heat temperature raising in canopy into canopy, and in canopy
Temperature keeps monitoring to open internal layer oilcloth when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, reduces illumination, and temperature of shed is controlled at 10 DEG C；May
To October, internal layer oilcloth is opened, illumination is reduced, is adjusted according to weather condition, when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C outside canopy, is packed up interior
Layer oilcloth increases illumination, improves temperature of shed, controls temperature of shed at 30 DEG C.According to the weather condition in Southwest Guizhou area,
Temperature is more than that 30 DEG C of number of days is seldom, and temperature of shed control is easier.
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2
Month to during April, once, water is no longer poured onto tea tree root for watering in every 4-5 days, be poured onto step (3) soil improvement step away from
At the 30-40cm of tea tree root at trench digging；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary,
Watering position is still at away from tea tree root 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary,
Watering position is tea tree root, and watering time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning.
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma in a suitable place to breed
Prevent and treat tea olethreutid；Ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is selected to control disease pest
Evil；2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
After this set technical solution is implemented, first collecting time of spring tea is advanced by about 3 weeks, the picking total period of spring tea
It extends about 5 weeks, spring tea yield than in other years, improves about 6%.
Embodiment three
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: select the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, and using existing tea tree,
Install greenhouse additional；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, and it is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees,
The fixed bit that buries of greenhouse steel pipe is setting in the middle of its position adjacent rows tea tree, and the length of greenhouse is in tea tree
Extend on length direction, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, 3 meters of greenhouse height.
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses anti-gloss oil
Cloth is arranged in parallel drawstring 2 in greenhouse length direction, and rope spacing is less than greenhouse main body width, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge
0.8-1.2m, it is several that oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged hole, covers on drawstring, oilcloth can slide on drawstring, strong to adjust illumination
Degree；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, gating is distinguished at greenhouse both ends, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, and when ventilation opens two end doors
It can.
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse builds completion simultaneously
After being laid with ceiling, the soil in plastic house is ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer (applied based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity by organic fertilizer fertilizer
The fertilizer amount every plant of tea tree 5kg that is averaged in addition, adding a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertilizer is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%, phosphorus
Fertile 3%, potash fertilizer 3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing single fertilization), soil is returned after completing fertilising
It fills out；Away from the 30-40cm of tea tree root ditch, ditch depth 20-30cm, applied in ditch chicken manure fertilizer, added in fertilizer a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer,
Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer 5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing
Single fertilization, apply fertilizer thickness 5cm, and soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by the soil and fertilizer excavation at trench digging, directly
It connects and covers tea tree root.
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；2
The moon to April, packs up internal layer oilcloth, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, and the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C
When, temperature-boosting measure is taken, concrete measure includes logical hot wind or use heating installation heat temperature raising in canopy into canopy, and in canopy
Temperature keeps monitoring to open internal layer oilcloth when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, reduces illumination, and temperature of shed is controlled at 15 DEG C；May
To October, internal layer oilcloth is opened, illumination is reduced, is adjusted according to weather condition, when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C outside canopy, is packed up interior
Layer oilcloth increases illumination, improves temperature of shed, controls temperature of shed at 20 DEG C.According to the weather condition in Southwest Guizhou area,
Temperature is more than that 30 DEG C of number of days is seldom, and temperature of shed control is easier.
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2
Month to during April, once, water is no longer poured onto tea tree root for watering in every 4-5 days, be poured onto step (3) soil improvement step away from
At the 30-40cm of tea tree root at trench digging；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary,
Watering position is still at away from tea tree root 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary,
Watering position is tea tree root, and watering time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning.
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma in a suitable place to breed
Prevent and treat tea olethreutid；Ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is selected to control disease pest
Evil；2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
After this set technical solution is implemented, first collecting time of spring tea is advanced by about 3 weeks, the picking total period of spring tea
It extends about 5 weeks, spring tea yield than in other years, improves about 6%, but subsequent yield is declined, and possible topdressing amount is
It is insufficient.
Example IV
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, includes the following steps:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: select the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, and using existing tea tree,
Install greenhouse additional；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, and it is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees,
The fixed bit that buries of greenhouse steel pipe is setting in the middle of its position adjacent rows tea tree, and the length of greenhouse is in tea tree
Extend on length direction, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, 3 meters of greenhouse height.
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses anti-gloss oil
Cloth is arranged in parallel drawstring 2 in greenhouse length direction, and rope spacing is less than greenhouse main body width, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge
0.8-1.2m, it is several that oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged hole, covers on drawstring, oilcloth can slide on drawstring, strong to adjust illumination
Degree；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, gating is distinguished at greenhouse both ends, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, and when ventilation opens two end doors
It can.
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse builds completion simultaneously
After being laid with ceiling, the soil in plastic house is ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer (applied based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity by organic fertilizer fertilizer
Fertilizer amount is averaged every plant of tea tree 4.5kg, in addition, adding a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertilizer, be by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%,
Phosphate fertilizer 3%, potash fertilizer 3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, after mixing single fertilization), it completes soil after fertilising
Backfill；Away from ditching at the 30-40cm of tea tree root, ditch depth 20-30cm applies chicken manure fertilizer in ditch, a small amount of nitrogen is added in fertilizer
Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer 5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, and mixing is equal
Single fertilization after even, apply fertilizer thickness 8cm, and soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by trench digging soil and fertilizer open
It digs, directly overlies tea tree root.
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；2
The moon to April, packs up internal layer oilcloth, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, and the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C
When, temperature-boosting measure is taken, concrete measure includes logical hot wind or use heating installation heat temperature raising in canopy into canopy, and in canopy
Temperature keeps monitoring to open internal layer oilcloth when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, reduces illumination, and temperature of shed is controlled at 13 DEG C；May
To October, internal layer oilcloth is opened, illumination is reduced, is adjusted according to weather condition, when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C outside canopy, is packed up interior
Layer oilcloth increases illumination, improves temperature of shed, controls temperature of shed at 26 DEG C.According to the weather condition in Southwest Guizhou area,
Temperature is more than that 30 DEG C of number of days is seldom, and temperature of shed control is easier.
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2
Month to during April, once, water is no longer poured onto tea tree root for watering in every 4-5 days, be poured onto step (3) soil improvement step away from
At the 30-40cm of tea tree root at trench digging；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary,
Watering position is still at away from tea tree root 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary,
Watering position is tea tree root, and watering time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning.
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma in a suitable place to breed
Prevent and treat tea olethreutid；Ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus is selected to control disease pest
Evil；2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
After this set technical solution is implemented, first collecting time of spring tea is advanced by about 4 weeks, the picking total period of spring tea
It extends about 6 weeks, spring tea yield than in other years, improves about 8%, but subsequent tea yield does not have compared with the same period in former years
Increase.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, to one skilled in the art, are not departing from
The improvement that the technology of the present invention is made in the case where conceiving, also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree, which comprises the steps of:
(1) greenhouse main body is built: selecting the tea tree plot of gentle gradient, the gradient is no more than 10 degree, using existing tea tree, installs additional
Greenhouse；Greenhouse main body is built using steel pipe, greenhouse width is arranged according to the line space of tea tree, is subject to and covers 3 row tea trees, greenhouse
Middle of the fixed bit setting in its position adjacent rows tea tree of burying of steel pipe, the length of the length of greenhouse in tea tree
Side upwardly extends, the single of length no more than 60m of greenhouse, and 3 meters of greenhouse height；
(2) greenhouse ceiling is laid with: the double-deck ceiling is arranged, outer layer is laid with common plastics transparent membrane；Internal layer uses oilcloth against sunshine,
Greenhouse length direction is arranged in parallel drawstring 2, restricts apart from greenhouse main body edge 0.8-1.2m, if oilcloth two sides are uniformly arranged through-hole
It is dry, it covers on drawstring, oilcloth can slide on drawstring, to adjust intensity of illumination；After the completion of ceiling is laid with, greenhouse both ends difference
Gating, gate-width 2-2.5m, high 1.8-2m, when ventilation, open two end doors；
(3) soil improvement: the construction time is scheduled on October, after completing the harvesting of tealeaves last batch of；Greenhouse is built completion and is laid with
After ceiling, the soil in plastic house is ploughed deeply, organic fertilizer backfills soil after completing fertilising；Away from tea tree root 30-40cm
Place's trench digging, applies chicken manure fertilizer in ditch, and soil is backfilled and compressed；Next year August is digged, by the soil and fertilizer excavation at trench digging, directly
It connects and covers tea tree root；
(4) temperature and light control: during 2 months October to next years, not interfering temperature, and control room temperature is room temperature；It arrives within 2 months
Pack up internal layer oilcloth April, it is ensured that illumination is abundant in canopy, is adjusted according to weather condition, when the outer temperature of canopy is lower than 10 DEG C, adopts
It takes temperature-boosting measure, and temperature of shed is kept monitoring, when the outer temperature of canopy is higher than 15 DEG C, open internal layer oilcloth, reduce illumination, in canopy
Temperature is controlled at 10-15 DEG C；It opens internal layer oilcloth May to October, reduces illumination, be adjusted according to weather condition, when outside canopy
It when temperature is lower than 20 DEG C, packs up internal layer oilcloth and increases illumination, improve temperature of shed, control temperature of shed at 20-30 DEG C；
(5) moisture controls: during 2 months October to next years, watering in every 6-7 days is primary, and watering is directly poured onto tea tree root；2 months to 4
During month, watering in every 4-5 days is primary, and water is poured onto step (3) soil improvement step away from trench digging at the 30-40cm of tea tree root
Place；May to during July, being abundance of water season, reduces irrigation times, and watering in every 10 days is primary, and watering position is still away from tea root
At portion 30-40cm at trench digging；During the 8-10 month, temperature is higher, and watering in every 4-5 days is primary, and watering position is tea tree root, watering
Time is 6 points to 9 points of early morning；
(6) Pest management: Predatory Mites and tassel chalcid fly prevention and treatment tea false eye leafhopper are put in a suitable place to breed in greenhouse, put trichogramma prevention and treatment in a suitable place to breed
Tea olethreutid；Select ethyl pleocidin, Agrerita webberi Faweett disease and pest control, nuclear polyhedrosis virus disease and pest control；
2 black light lamps are set in each greenhouse simultaneously, are turned on light for 9 points every night, 6 points of next day are turned off the light, and are trapped pest and are focused on.
2. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), October
Based on the chicken manure fertilizer of fermentation maturity, dose is averaged every plant of tea tree 4-5kg for part institute's organic fertilizer fertilizer.
3. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), 10
A small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are added in the organic fertilizer fertilizer applied in month, is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 4%, phosphate fertilizer 3%, potash fertilizer
3%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, single fertilization after mixing.
4. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), 10
A small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are added in the fat material of the chicken manure applied in month, is by weight nitrogenous fertilizer 3%, phosphate fertilizer 2%, potash fertilizer
5%, total weight≤total fertilization amount 10%, single fertilization after mixing.
5. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in the step (4)
Temperature-boosting measure includes leading to hot wind into canopy or using heating installation heat temperature raising in canopy.
6. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1), greenhouse
Length be 40-60m.
7. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), opened
The ditch depth 20-30cm of ditch, furrow width 30-40cm, the applied chicken manure plumpness degree 5-10cm in ditch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810829207.8A CN109006121A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810829207.8A CN109006121A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109006121A true CN109006121A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
Family
ID=64646273
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810829207.8A Pending CN109006121A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of tea tree |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109006121A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1198926A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-04-13 | Ishimoto Nougiken:Kk | Covering material for growing animal/plant |
| CN2362276Y (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-02-09 | 洪正城 | Light shading screen with extendible screen mesh |
| CN2503705Y (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2002-08-07 | 洪敬南 | Crop covering net with simple and fast open/close structure |
| CN202799795U (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-20 | 江苏鑫品茶业有限公司 | Tea garden totally-closed sunshade net covering device |
| CN103597983A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-26 | 界首市聚丰家庭农场 | Method for planting organic tea by using greenhouse |
| CN103703970A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛崂乡茶制品有限公司 | Method for planting tea trees in greenhouse |
| CN106718425A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-31 | 宁夏大学 | Open country packaged type shading system |
| CN206963469U (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-02-06 | 云南青美姚安农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of shade net of green house of vegetables |
-
2018
- 2018-07-25 CN CN201810829207.8A patent/CN109006121A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1198926A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-04-13 | Ishimoto Nougiken:Kk | Covering material for growing animal/plant |
| CN2362276Y (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-02-09 | 洪正城 | Light shading screen with extendible screen mesh |
| CN2503705Y (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2002-08-07 | 洪敬南 | Crop covering net with simple and fast open/close structure |
| CN202799795U (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-20 | 江苏鑫品茶业有限公司 | Tea garden totally-closed sunshade net covering device |
| CN103597983A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-26 | 界首市聚丰家庭农场 | Method for planting organic tea by using greenhouse |
| CN103703970A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛崂乡茶制品有限公司 | Method for planting tea trees in greenhouse |
| CN106718425A (en) * | 2017-01-21 | 2017-05-31 | 宁夏大学 | Open country packaged type shading system |
| CN206963469U (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-02-06 | 云南青美姚安农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of shade net of green house of vegetables |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 万群: "《设施蔬菜生产与成本核算 南方本》", 31 August 2016, 四川大学出版社 * |
| 唐荣南等: "《林茶复合经营技术》", 30 June 1997, 中国林业出版社 * |
| 李小立: "茶树病虫害绿色防控技术", 《农业与技术》 * |
| 王世斌: "塑料大棚茶园管理技术研究", 《湖北农业科学》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103960014B (en) | A kind of Winter potato cultural method | |
| CN102714998B (en) | Bud-stock grafting method of tea-oil tree improved variety | |
| CN103430716B (en) | Transplantation method for accelerating growth and development of faint scent type tobacco plant | |
| CN103081671A (en) | Planting method for tea-oil trees | |
| CN101507401A (en) | Green-house high-density smooth-skinned peach cultivation method without trunk, multi-layer axial shoot, side shoot | |
| CN102577824A (en) | Method for cultivating asparaguses in North China | |
| CN109258293B (en) | High-yield cultivation method for morchella | |
| CN103975728A (en) | Organic culture method for drinkable chrysanthemum flowers | |
| CN104521473A (en) | Planting method for interplanting camphor trees and astragalus smicus in tea garden | |
| CN105724165B (en) | A kind of facility cultivation method of suitable cool region protecting field Kiwi berry | |
| CN103385078A (en) | Method for cultivating eggplants in spring greenhouse | |
| CN103535237A (en) | Greenhouse golden sun apricot cultivation method | |
| CN101091437A (en) | Imitated wild breeding Ning hogfennel root and standardized planting method | |
| CN107439173A (en) | Wheat winter warm type day-light greenhouse adds for method | |
| CN107251725A (en) | A kind of shallow raw groove directional cultivation new technology of Chinese yam | |
| CN112021060A (en) | Cultivation method of cut flower Chinese rose | |
| CN105409691A (en) | Novel ultrahigh-density breeding technique for ginkgo biloba | |
| CN105557401B (en) | A method of with inhibiting fruit tree weed growth | |
| CN103385108A (en) | No-tillage pepper cultivation method | |
| CN105052492A (en) | Cultivating method for wild bletilla striata variety | |
| CN105393868A (en) | Ecological seedling method for Zelkovaserrata | |
| CN1098245A (en) | The cultivation method of calabash gourd | |
| CN103444429B (en) | The method of keeping a full stand of seedings of Winter potato is planted under the coastal high temperature and humidity weather in south | |
| CN102714999B (en) | Long forest series and Dabie mountain series camellia oleifera bud-stock grafting method | |
| CN110140584A (en) | A kind of method for building up of apocarya fruit and timber forest |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181218 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |