CN109002676B - Simulation modeling method for rim - Google Patents
Simulation modeling method for rim Download PDFInfo
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- CN109002676B CN109002676B CN201811185313.3A CN201811185313A CN109002676B CN 109002676 B CN109002676 B CN 109002676B CN 201811185313 A CN201811185313 A CN 201811185313A CN 109002676 B CN109002676 B CN 109002676B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation modeling method of a rim, belonging to the technical field of computer aided engineering and comprising the steps of establishing a rim primary model; simplifying the wheel rim primary model, and respectively cutting a loading area of the radial force in the radial load working condition on the wheel rim body and the retainer ring; establishing a contact relation between matching surfaces in the rim model; establishing a contact relation between a rim and a hub matching surface; performing mesh division by using a second-order tetrahedral unit; applying bolt pretightening force: setting 2 loading steps, wherein the magnitude of pretightening force is set in the first loading step, and lock is set in the second loading step; applying a boundary condition: and in the second loading step, applying the restraint and force of the radial loading working condition or the bending loading working condition to the corresponding area to establish a finite element model of the rim assembly body. The pretightening force of the rim, the hub and the hub mounting bolts is considered in the rim modeling process, so that the constructed rim assembly body finite element model is more in line with the actual situation, and the analysis result is more accurate and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer aided engineering, in particular to a simulation modeling method of a rim.
Background
The rim for the forklift is used as a moving part of the forklift, bears huge acting force in the using process of the forklift, is of vital importance in reliability, has high strength requirement, and needs to adopt Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) to model and simulate the rim so as to assist in design.
In the existing rim simulation modeling method for the forklift, only the rim is modeled, the considered parts comprise a rim body, a spoke plate and a check ring, and the parts are restrained or loaded at mounting bolt holes of the spoke plate, while a hub assembled with the rim is ignored. It has the disadvantages that: firstly, the bolt mounting holes of the wheel disk are directly restrained or loaded, so that the analysis result of the wheel disk inner ring is inconsistent with the actual result, and the action effect of the wheel hub on the wheel disk cannot be reflected; secondly, the influence of the pretightening force of the bolts on the spoke plate, particularly on the spoke plate bolt holes, cannot be obtained without considering the bolts. Therefore, the existing rim simulation modeling method for the forklift does not consider the pretightening force of the hub and the bolts during modeling, so that the analysis result of the wheel disc is inconsistent with the actual result, the stress condition of the wheel disc bolt holes cannot be reflected, and the strength of the wheel disc is difficult to verify.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rim simulation modeling method to reduce errors of a spoke plate result in an analysis result.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a rim simulation modeling method, comprising:
obtaining modeling information of a rim to be modeled and a hub assembly body, and establishing a rim and hub assembly body preliminary model according to the modeling information;
the modeling information of the rim and the hub assembly body comprises a three-dimensional model, load and parameter information of the rim and the hub assembly body, and a preliminary model of the rim and the hub assembly body is established, wherein the load is the maximum wheel load, and the parameter information comprises the friction coefficient of a tire and a road surface, tire pressure, tire load radius and rim offset. The established preliminary model of the rim and hub assembly body comprises a rim model, a hub model, bolts and nuts.
Simplifying the preliminary model of the rim and the hub assembly body, and respectively cutting a loading area of radial force in a radial load working condition on the rim body and the retainer ring;
establishing a contact relation between matching surfaces in a rim model, wherein the contact relation comprises frictional contact between a rim body and a check ring matching surface and binding contact between the rim body and a spoke plate matching surface;
establishing a contact relation between a rim and a hub matching surface;
performing mesh division on all parts by using a second-order tetrahedral unit, and dispersing the three-dimensional model into a limited number of tetrahedral units;
applying bolt pretightening force: setting 2 loading steps, and setting the magnitude of a pretightening force in the first loading step;
applying a boundary condition: in the second loading step, the constraints and forces of the radial load condition or the bending load condition are applied to the corresponding areas, and a finite element model of the rim assembly is built.
Further, the contact relationship between the rim and the hub mating surface includes a frictional contact between the web and the hub mating surface, an inseparable contact between the bolts and the hub mating surface, a frictional contact between the bolts and the web mating surface, and a frictional contact between the nuts and the web mating surface.
Further, the constraints and forces for applying radial load conditions in the respective regions include:
applying radial freedom degree constraint and axial freedom degree constraint on two bearing mounting surfaces of the hub;
applying tire pressure on the surface of the rim body, which is in contact with the tire, and applying tire pressure on the surface of the retainer ring, which is in contact with the tire;
applying a radial force to the loading zone cut into the rim body and the retainer ring.
Further, the applying the constraints and forces of the bending load condition in the corresponding region comprises:
applying a full restraint at an end of the rim body remote from the retainer ring;
a remote force is applied to the bearing mounting surfaces at two locations on the hub through the rim axis to generate a moment which acts indirectly on the web mounting surfaces as a moment to which the rim is subjected.
Further, the rim and hub assembly preliminary model is subjected to simplified processing, including:
neglecting the tooth shape of the bolt, and simplifying the tooth shape into a cylindrical surface;
making the nut tangent to the corresponding bolt hole matching surface;
the bolt and nut are boolean summed into one entity.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
carrying out nonlinear contact analysis on the finite element model of the rim assembly body, automatically iterating software, and obtaining an analysis result by iterative convergence, wherein the analysis result comprises a deformation cloud picture and a stress cloud picture;
judging whether the finite element model of the rim assembly is reasonable according to the analysis result, including but not limited to: observing whether each contact pair established in the result acts, whether the model deformation result accords with the logic, and whether the model stress result accords with the logic;
if the position is not reasonable, adjusting the unreasonable position in the finite element model of the rim assembly body;
if the yield strength of the material is reasonable, dividing the yield strength of the material by the large stress value of the concerned position in the analysis result to obtain a corresponding safety coefficient;
and evaluating whether the strength meets the requirement according to the safety factor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the invention considers the pretightening force of the wheel hub and the mounting bolts of the wheel hub and the wheel hub besides the load of the conventional wheel rim when constructing the wheel rim model. Compared with the traditional rim model construction, the method comprehensively considers more influence factors, so that the analysis result of the rim body, particularly the wheel disc, is more accurate and reliable, the stress result near the wheel disc bolt hole can be obtained, and a basis is provided for checking the wheel disc and the wheel disc bolt hole.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of simulation modeling of a rim;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a prior art rim for a forklift truck without the hub considered;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a rim and hub assembly for a fork lift truck with the hub in mind;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rim and hub assembly for a forklift in which a hub is taken into consideration;
FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of a rim and hub assembly for a fork lift truck with the hub in mind;
FIG. 6 is another rim simulation modeling flow diagram.
In the figure:
1-rim, 11-rim body, 12-retainer ring, 13-spoke plate, 2-hub, 3-bolt and 4-nut.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the features of the present invention, refer to the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the simulation modeling of the rim uses software as ANSYS Workbench. The simulation modeling process of the rim is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps S1 to S7:
s1, obtaining modeling information of a rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body to be modeled, and establishing a rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body preliminary model according to the modeling information;
the modeling information of the rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body comprises a three-dimensional model, load and parameter information of the rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body, and a preliminary model of the rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body is established, wherein the load is the maximum wheel load, and the parameter information comprises the friction coefficient of a tire and a road surface, tire pressure, tire load radius and rim offset. The established preliminary model of the assembly body of the rim 1 and the hub 2 comprises a rim model, a hub model, bolts and nuts.
S2, simplifying the initial model of the rim 1 and hub 2 assembly body, and respectively cutting loading areas of radial load working conditions on the rim body 11 and the check ring 12;
wherein, the process of carrying out simplified processing to rim 1 and 2 assembly body preliminary models of wheel hub is: neglecting the tooth shape of the bolt 3 and simplifying the tooth shape into a cylindrical surface; then the matching surfaces of the nut 4 and the spoke plate 13 are tangent; finally, the bolt 3 and the nut 4 are Boolean-summed into one entity. Through simplifying the processing to rim 1 and the 2 assembly body preliminary model of wheel hub, can reduce the occupation of analysis calculation resource, do not influence the accuracy of analysis result, can also avoid the characteristic of undersize to lead to stress concentration. The cutting process of the loading area under the radial load working condition specifically comprises the following steps: surface areas with the central angle of 60 degrees are respectively cut on the rim body 11 and the retainer ring 12 to serve as loading areas of wheel loads in the radial load working condition.
S3, establishing a contact relation between matching surfaces of all parts in the rim 1 model, wherein the contact relation comprises frictional contact between matching surfaces of the rim body 11 and the check ring 12 and binding contact between matching surfaces of the rim body 11 and the spoke plate 13;
the present embodiment enables transmission of a force between the component mating surfaces of the rim 1 by establishing a contact relationship between the component mating surfaces in the rim model.
S4, establishing a contact relation between matching surfaces of the rim 1 and the hub 2;
by establishing a contact relationship between the mating surfaces of the rim 1 and the hub 2, a force can be transmitted between the mating surfaces of the rim 1 and the hub 2.
S5, performing grid division on all parts by using second-order tetrahedral units to disperse the three-dimensional model into a finite number of tetrahedral units;
s6, applying bolt pretightening force: setting 2 loading steps, setting the magnitude of a pretightening force in the first loading step, and setting a lock in the second loading step;
s7, applying boundary conditions: in the second loading step, the constraints and forces of the radial load condition or the bending load condition are applied to the corresponding regions, and a finite element model of the rim 1 assembly is established.
In the embodiment, in the modeling process of the rim 1, the contact relation between the matching surfaces of the spoke plate 13 and the hub 2 and the pretightening force of the mounting bolts 3 of the spoke plate 13 and the hub 2 are considered, so that the established finite element model of the rim 1 assembly body is more in line with the actual situation, and the analysis result of the rim 1 is more accurate and reliable.
Further, the contact relationship between the rim 1 and the mating surface of the hub 2 includes a frictional contact between the web 13 and the mating surface of the hub 2, an inseparable contact between the bolts 3 and the mating surface of the hub 2, a frictional contact between the bolts 3 and the mating surface of the web 13, and a frictional contact between the nuts 4 and the mating surface of the web 13. The contact relation can be established by respectively selecting corresponding surfaces as a contact surface and a target surface, setting the contact type as frictional contact and setting the friction coefficient, so that the action of force can be transferred between the matching surfaces of all parts.
Further, in step S7, the application of the boundary condition, i.e., the external force to the rim 1 assembly, to the loading region of the radial load condition includes:
applying radial freedom degree constraint and axial freedom degree constraint on two bearing installation surfaces of the hub 2;
applying tire pressure to the surface of the rim body 11 in contact with the tire and applying tire pressure to the surface of the check ring 12 in contact with the tire;
the radial force is applied to the loading areas cut out of the rim body 11 and the retainer ring 12.
Furthermore, the boundary condition applied to the bending load working condition, namely the action of the external force on the rim 1, comprises the following steps:
applying a full restraint at the end of said rim body 11 remote from the collar 12;
a remote force is applied to the bearing mounting surfaces of the hub 2 at two positions to pass through the axis of the rim 1 so as to generate a moment, and the moment indirectly acts on the mounting surface of the spoke plate 13 and is the moment applied to the rim 1.
The remote force is a force load in ANSYS Workbench software, and when a certain distance exists between the remote force and a loading position, the remote force can generate a moment effect.
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment further includes the following steps after the finite element model of the rim 1 and hub 2 assembly is constructed:
s8, carrying out nonlinear contact analysis on a finite element model of the rim 1 assembly body by using a finite element solver, automatically iterating software, and solving for an analysis result under iterative convergence, wherein the analysis result mainly comprises a deformation cloud chart and a stress cloud chart;
s9, judging whether the finite element model of the wheel rim 1 and the wheel hub 2 assembly body is reasonable according to the analysis result, wherein the finite element model comprises but is not limited to: observing whether each contact pair established in the result acts, whether the model deformation result accords with the logic, and whether the model stress result accords with the logic;
in practical application, the judgment of the reasonability of the model is an empirical method, and the model is possibly qualified under the three judgment conditions; if an unqualified condition exists, the model is unqualified.
S10, if the wheel rim and the hub assembly body are unreasonable, adjusting unreasonable positions in a finite element model of the wheel rim 1 and the hub assembly body;
s11, if the wheel rim is reasonable, evaluating the strength of the wheel rim 1 according to the analysis result, and dividing the yield strength of the material by the large stress value of the concerned position in the analysis result to obtain a corresponding safety coefficient;
and S12, evaluating whether the strength meets the requirement according to the safety coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the direct stress or restriction on the spoke plate 13 in the conventional rim analysis method can cause larger stress concentration, and the analysis result of the method is greatly different from the actual analysis result, so that the accuracy of the analysis result of the rim body 11 and the check ring 12 can be influenced. The method considers the load of the conventional rim 1, considers the pretightening force of the hub 2 and the mounting bolts 3 of the rim 1 and the hub 2, comprehensively considers more influence factors, enables the analysis result of the rim 1, particularly the spoke plate 13 to be more accurate and reliable, can obtain the stress result near the bolt hole of the spoke plate 13, and provides basis for checking the spoke plate 13 and the bolt hole thereof.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A simulation modeling method of a rim is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining modeling information of a rim to be modeled and a hub assembly body, and establishing a rim and hub assembly body preliminary model according to the modeling information;
simplifying the preliminary model of the rim and the hub assembly body, and respectively cutting a loading area of radial force in a radial load working condition on the rim body and the retainer ring;
establishing a contact relation between the matching surfaces of the parts in the rim model, wherein the contact relation comprises frictional contact between the rim body and the matching surface of the retainer ring and binding contact between the rim body and the matching surface of the spoke plate;
establishing a contact relation between a rim and a hub matching surface;
performing grid division on all parts by using a second-order tetrahedral unit, and dispersing a three-dimensional model into a limited number of tetrahedral units;
applying bolt pretightening force: setting 2 loading steps, and setting the size of pretightening force in the first loading step;
applying a boundary condition: and in the second loading step, applying the constraints and forces of the radial loading condition or the bending loading condition to the corresponding region to establish a finite element model of the rim assembly.
2. The method for modeling a rim according to claim 1, wherein the contact relationship between the rim and the hub mating surface includes a frictional contact between the plate and the hub mating surface, an inseparable contact between the bolt and the hub mating surface, a frictional contact between the bolt and the plate mating surface, and a frictional contact between the nut and the plate mating surface.
3. The method for modeling a rim according to claim 1, wherein said applying constraints and forces of a radial load condition in respective zones comprises:
applying radial freedom degree constraint and axial freedom degree constraint on two bearing mounting surfaces of the hub;
applying tire pressure on the surface of the rim body, which is in contact with the tire, and applying tire pressure on the surface of the retainer ring, which is in contact with the tire;
the loading zones cut out on the rim body and the retainer ring exert radial forces.
4. The method for modeling a rim according to claim 1, wherein said applying bending load conditions of constraints and forces in respective zones comprises:
applying a full restraint at an end of the rim body distal from the retainer ring;
a remote force is applied to the bearing mounting surfaces at two locations on the hub through the rim axis to generate a moment which acts indirectly on the web mounting surfaces as a moment to which the rim is subjected.
5. The method for modeling a rim according to claim 1, wherein the simplifying process for the preliminary model of the rim and the hub assembly comprises:
neglecting the tooth shape of the bolt, and simplifying the tooth shape into a cylindrical surface;
making the nut tangent to the corresponding bolt hole matching surface;
the bolt and nut are boolean summed into one entity.
6. The method for modeling simulation of a wheel rim of claim 1, further comprising:
carrying out nonlinear contact analysis on the finite element model of the rim assembly body, automatically iterating software, and obtaining an analysis result by iterative convergence, wherein the analysis result comprises a deformation cloud picture and a stress cloud picture;
judging whether the finite element model of the rim assembly body is reasonable or not according to the analysis result;
if the position is not reasonable, adjusting the unreasonable position in the finite element model of the rim assembly body;
if the yield strength of the material is reasonable, dividing the yield strength of the material by the large stress value of the concerned position in the analysis result to obtain a corresponding safety coefficient;
and evaluating whether the strength meets the requirement according to the safety factor.
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| CN201811185313.3A CN109002676B (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | Simulation modeling method for rim |
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| CN201811185313.3A CN109002676B (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | Simulation modeling method for rim |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109933938B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-12-06 | 西安航空制动科技有限公司 | Design method of butt joint surface at bolt hole opening of airplane wheel hub |
| CN110349469A (en) * | 2019-07-21 | 2019-10-18 | 李力 | A kind of boss bolt pretightning force controlled training system of HWIL simulation |
| CN110766748B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-02-24 | 长安大学 | Non-contact whole vehicle attitude measurement method |
| CN113158322A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-23 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Rim impact analysis method and device and readable storage medium |
| CN111310336B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2021-03-23 | 北京安怀信科技股份有限公司 | Bearing assembly assemblability identification method based on three-dimensional model |
| CN112084585A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 东风汽车车轮随州有限公司 | Lightweight design method and device for modeling steel wheel |
| CN112476053B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-25 | 北京理工大学 | Method for controlling machining deformation of workpiece |
| CN112560185A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-26 | 柳州市智甲金属科技有限公司 | Method for improving calculation accuracy of radial loading of rim in finite element analysis |
| CN113340626B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-07-22 | 上海工程技术大学 | Method for measuring real-time interference magnitude between wheel axles and measurement early warning device |
| CN113361010A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 天河超级计算淮海分中心 | Method, device and equipment for calculating bending fatigue life of hub and storage medium |
| CN113886984B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-09-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Bolt solid grid modeling and loading method |
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