CN109726435B - Method for calculating load of joint nail group - Google Patents
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- CN109726435B CN109726435B CN201811469906.2A CN201811469906A CN109726435B CN 109726435 B CN109726435 B CN 109726435B CN 201811469906 A CN201811469906 A CN 201811469906A CN 109726435 B CN109726435 B CN 109726435B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of airplane strength tests, and particularly relates to a method for calculating loads of joint nail groups. The method has simple and clear thought, and can accurately calculate the nail load and the joint stress of the joint nail group. Compared with the traditional modeling method, the method has the advantages that the actual rigidity of the connecting nail is simulated by establishing the short beam element, so that the obtained nail load accuracy is high; the method simulates the actual connection relationship by connecting the joint and the component body through the short beam element, so that the constraint is not too rigid as the traditional method, and the calculation result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airplane strength tests, and particularly relates to a method for calculating loads of joint nail groups.
Background
The connection calculation of the joint and the component body in the aircraft strength calculation is often the problem of nail group load distribution calculation, the nail group load distribution calculation is a high-order indeterminate problem, and an accurate result cannot be obtained for complicated and irregular connecting piece engineering calculation. At present, finite element methods are widely adopted in engineering design to calculate connection details, and a general method is to establish a solid unit detail model for a joint and directly fix and constrain the positions of nail holes. The method cannot accurately simulate the rigidity of the connecting nail, and the constraint is too rigid, so that the real boundary condition cannot be simulated.
The traditional method for calculating the detail model of the joint by directly restraining the position of the nail hole cannot accurately simulate the rigidity of the connecting nail, the connection rigidity of the joint and the component body is simulated to be too rigid by directly restraining the nail hole, the connection flexibility of an actual structure is not met, the calculated load and the joint stress of the connecting nail are not accurate enough, and the rigid restraint often enables the calculation result to be conservative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: by locally refining the part body model and arranging nodes at the positions of the connecting nails, the short beam elements are utilized to simulate the connecting nails to connect the detail model of the joint with the part body to calculate the joint stress and the connecting nail load, so that the rigidity of the connecting nails can be accurately simulated, the rigidity of the joint connected with the part body can be provided according to an actual structure, and the defects that the position of a nail hole is directly restrained to calculate the joint detail model, the restraint is too rigid, and the rigidity of the connecting nail cannot be simulated are overcome.
The technical scheme is as follows: a method for calculating the load of a joint pin group comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a finite element analysis model, wherein the establishing method comprises the following steps: 1) Arranging nail holes of the joint according to an actual structure, then establishing a three-dimensional entity unit finite element model of the joint, arranging a node A in the center of the nail hole, and establishing a rigid element between the node A and a circle of nodes around the nail hole on the joint model; 2) Locally thinning a component model connected with the joint, and arranging a node B corresponding to the position of the connecting nail; 3) Connecting the node A with the node B to establish a nail element; 4) Applying load to the component according to the actual load condition, and applying constraint at the lug of the joint according to the actual connection condition;
and then submitting the established finite element analysis model to analysis software for calculation, and reading the unit force of the nail elements in the calculation result after the calculation is finished, namely the load of the connecting nail, so as to realize the purpose of calculating the load of the joint nail group.
Further, the analysis software is NASTRAN software.
Further, the finite element analysis model is established by PATRAN software.
Further, in the finite element analysis model building method, the nail element is simulated by adopting a short beam element, and the nail element attribute is given according to the material and the rigidity of the connecting nail.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the method has simple and clear thought, and can accurately calculate the nail load and the joint stress of the joint nail group. Compared with the traditional modeling method, the method has the advantages that the actual rigidity of the connecting nail is simulated by establishing the short beam element, so that the obtained nail load accuracy is high; the method simulates the actual connection relationship by connecting the joint and the component body through the short beam element, so that the constraint is not too rigid as the traditional method, and the calculation result is more accurate.
Drawings
In the figure 1, the structure is schematically shown,
figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a pin element connection model,
figure 3 is a schematic view of a detailed model of a joint,
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a joint detail model embedded in a part body.
Detailed Description
A method for calculating the load of a joint pin group is used under PATRAN/NASTRAN software of MSC company, and comprises the following concrete steps: firstly, establishing a finite element analysis model, wherein the establishing method comprises the following steps: a. arranging nail holes of the joint according to an actual structure, then establishing a three-dimensional entity unit finite element model of the joint, arranging a node A in the center of the nail hole, and establishing a rigid element between the node A and a circle of nodes around the nail hole on the joint model; b. locally refining a component model connected with the joint, and arranging a node B corresponding to the position of the connecting nail; c. connecting the node A with the node B to establish a nail element; in this implementation, nail element adopts the short beam element to simulate nail element, and nail element attribute gives according to the material and the rigidity of connecting the nail. Most connecting nails in the actual structure are double shear nails, namely three connected elements, in the finite element, a plurality of connected elements are assumed to form a nail element between every two elements, the two nail elements are mutually independent, and thus the same bolt is changed into two nail elements which are mutually independent when a model is simplified; taking a through bolt for connecting an integral joint of a certain part with an upper skin and a lower skin as an example, a simplified schematic diagram of a connecting nail element is given, and as shown in a structural schematic diagram of fig. 1, the through bolt is connected with a metal joint flanging (1), a spoiler lower skin (2), a spoiler full-height honeycomb core (3) and a spoiler upper skin (4); in the model schematic diagram shown in fig. 2, the metal joint flanging (5), the spoiler lower skin (6), the spoiler full-height honeycomb core (7), the spoiler upper skin (8) and the finite element of the through bolt (9) are provided; d. applying load to the component according to the actual load condition, and applying constraint at the lug of the joint according to the actual connection condition; the constraint is forced displacement, namely, the displacement of the center of the lug hole of the joint is extracted from the overall stress analysis of the component and then applied to the finite element model established by the method. Taking an airplane spoiler as an example, a finite element model of a metal joint detail model after a metal joint detail model is connected with a part body through a nail element is shown in fig. 3, and the model is constrained to be forced displacement, namely, displacement of 4 suspension points and control points selected from spoiler total stress analysis is applied to a detail analysis model.
And then submitting the established finite element analysis model to analysis software for operation, wherein the analysis software adopted by the method is NASTRAN software of MSC company, and after the calculation is finished, the unit force of the nail element in the calculation result is read as the load of the connecting nail, so that the purpose of calculating the load of the joint nail group is realized.
In an actual structure, most connecting nails are double shear nails, namely three connected elements are provided, in a finite element, a plurality of connected elements are assumed to form a nail element between every two elements, the two nail elements are mutually independent, and therefore, the same bolt is changed into two independent nail elements when a model is simplified; the detailed model of the metal joint is shown in fig. 2 (taking an airplane spoiler as an example) through a finite element model after the pin element is connected with the component body, and the model constraint is forced displacement, namely displacement of four suspension points and control points selected from spoiler overall stress analysis is applied to the detailed analysis model.
Claims (4)
1. A method for calculating the load of a joint pin group is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, establishing a finite element analysis model, wherein the establishing method comprises the following steps: 1) Arranging nail holes of the joint according to an actual structure, then establishing a three-dimensional entity unit finite element model of the joint, arranging a node A at the center of the nail hole, and establishing a rigid element by the node A and a circle of nodes around the nail hole on the joint model; 2) Locally thinning a component model connected with the joint, and arranging a node B corresponding to the position of the connecting nail; 3) Connecting the node A with the node B to establish a nail element; 4) Applying load to the component according to the actual load condition, and applying constraint at the lug of the joint according to the actual connection condition;
and then submitting the established finite element analysis model to analysis software for calculation, and reading the unit force of the nail elements in the calculation result after the calculation is finished, namely the load of the connecting nail, so as to realize the purpose of calculating the load of the joint nail group.
2. The method for calculating the load of a joint pin group according to claim 1, wherein the analysis software is NASTRAN software.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the finite element analysis model is created using PATRAN software.
4. The method for calculating the load of the joint nail group according to claim 1, wherein in the finite element analysis modeling method, the nail elements are simulated by using short beam elements, and the nail element properties are given according to the material and the rigidity of the connecting nail.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111159879B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2023-07-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Nail load processing method of centralized load transmission structure |
| CN112231864A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-01-15 | 西北工业大学 | Composite material nail load rapid analysis system |
| CN114996868B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2024-06-14 | 中航沈飞民用飞机有限责任公司 | Pin seat strength analysis method |
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