CN113361010A - Method, device and equipment for calculating bending fatigue life of hub and storage medium - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for calculating bending fatigue life of hub and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, computer equipment and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of simulation analysis, and is used for improving the efficiency of predicting the fatigue life of the hub. The method mainly comprises the following steps: obtaining a finite element model of the hub; establishing a load application reference point in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction; coupling the reference point with the bolt hole surface of the hub; applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference points; decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration; carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture; and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of simulation analysis, in particular to a method and a device for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, computer equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The fatigue life of the wheel hub is in a thousand-wire relationship with the safety quality of the automobile, which is responsible for the weight of the automobile and is closely related to the appearance. The existing automobile pursues high-speed running in many aspects, the wheel hub is the most easily damaged by the automobile which runs at high speed, and the fatigue failure of the wheel hub during high-speed running not only has serious influence on the car, but also influences the safety of a driver.
Therefore, it is important to analyze the fatigue life of the wheel hub, so as to reduce or avoid the abrasion or damage of the wheel hub to a certain extent and reduce the probability of the vehicle failing in the driving process.
At present, dynamic bending load finite element analysis is carried out on a hub model, a flange plate and a load applying rod are also involved in calculation, bolt pretightening force is considered, and stress distribution and fatigue life of the hub are simulated in a multi-analysis-step mode. However, the method considers all structures in the actual test, but the setting process of the method is complex and the calculation amount is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, computer equipment and a storage medium, which are used for improving the efficiency of predicting the fatigue life of the hub.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a finite element model of the hub;
establishing a reference point for load application in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
coupling the reference point with a hub bolt hole surface;
applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration;
carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
The embodiment of the invention provides a hub fatigue life device, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a finite element model of the hub;
the construction module is used for establishing a load application reference point in the finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
the coupling module is used for coupling the reference point with the hole surface of the hub bolt;
the application module is used for applying dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
the decomposition module is used for decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
the applying module is further used for applying global vertical downward gravity acceleration;
the computing module is used for carrying out simulation computation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and the prediction module is used for predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the above-mentioned hub bending fatigue life calculation method when executing the computer program.
A computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub.
The invention provides a method and a device for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, computer equipment and a storage medium, and a finite element model of the hub is obtained; establishing a load application reference point in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction; coupling the reference point with the bolt hole surface of the hub; applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference points; decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration; carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture; and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture. According to the invention, the bending fatigue life of the hub is predicted by adopting a local stress-strain method, the numerical value obtained by the method is closer to the actual test value, and the efficiency of predicting the fatigue life of the hub is improved by the embodiment of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a bending fatigue life of a hub according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the set reference point locations provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the application of successive static loads provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a hub fatigue life apparatus provided herein;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions described above, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features of the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, a method for calculating a bending fatigue life of a hub according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, the method specifically includes steps S10-S80:
and step S10, acquiring a finite element model of the hub.
In one embodiment provided by the present invention, obtaining a digital model of a wheel hub may include:
and Step S101, outputting the digital model of the hub into a Step file of the hub, and inputting the Step file into mesh division software.
Specifically, a digital model of the hub is first obtained. The digital model can be established through CAD modeling software such as Solidworks or UG, the digital model of the hub with the size completely consistent with that of the actual hub is established through the modeling software, the digital model comprises the characteristics of a hub chamfer, a fillet and the like, and the embodiment is not particularly limited. The digital model of the hub is then exported as a Step file using CAD software.
And step S102, preprocessing the digital model of the hub.
It should be noted that on a curved surface, many unnecessary lines may be left due to modeling, which may result in poor meshing effect. Therefore, the digital model of the hub needs to be preprocessed, that is, redundant lines generated by modeling on the hub model are suppressed, the long and narrow surfaces and the scattered surfaces are combined into a smooth curved surface, and after the lines are processed, the mesh division result is optimized.
In the embodiment of the invention, before mesh division is carried out, redundant lines generated by modeling on the hub model are firstly restrained, and the long and narrow surfaces and the scattered surfaces are combined into a smooth curved surface, so that the number of low-quality meshes caused by dense lines is reduced. The processing process of the redundant lines, the long and narrow faces and the scattered broken faces is as follows: and finding the long and narrow surfaces and the scattered and crushed surfaces on the model, deleting or inhibiting the lines through a line deleting or inhibiting tool in software, and damaging the long and narrow surfaces and the scattered and crushed surfaces to combine the long and narrow surfaces and the scattered and crushed surfaces with the normal surface into a larger and normal curved surface.
The redundant lines refer to process lines drawn for establishing certain special curved surfaces in the model modeling process. After the model is introduced into the mesh division software, the curved surface can not be changed due to deletion or inhibition of the process lines. However, when the mesh is divided, the redundant lines are deleted, so that the curved surface is divided into more excellent meshes, and the mesh dividing quality of the model is improved.
An elongated surface refers to an elongated curved surface of excessive length and width formed by three or more process lines. The long and narrow surface also influences the dividing quality of the grid when the curved surface grid is divided. And deleting or inhibiting redundant process lines, and merging a plurality of elongated surfaces or the elongated surfaces and the normal surfaces to divide the curved surface into more excellent meshes, thereby improving the quality of model mesh division.
The shatter planes are curved planes formed by three or more process lines and having an area that is too small compared to the normal curved plane. When the scattered surface is divided into the curved surface grids, the size of the local grid is greatly reduced, the density of the grid is greatly increased, the number of the grids of the model body is greatly increased, and the quality of the grid is possibly reduced due to overlarge size difference of the grids. By combining the scattered and broken surfaces with the normal curved surface, the overlarge local grid density of the model can be avoided, the grid size difference is reduced, and the grid division quality of the model is improved.
And step S103, carrying out hub surface mesh and body mesh division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub.
Specifically, the Step file is imported into professional meshing software Hypermesh to divide hub surface meshes and body meshes.
In this embodiment, the tetrahedral mesh is first adopted to perform finite element division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub, so as to reduce the difficulty of mesh division and improve the mesh quality. And then deleting the hub surface grids in the digital model of the hub and leaving tetrahedral grids.
It should be noted that the commonly used mesh is divided into a 2D surface mesh and a 3D volume mesh, and the 3D volume mesh is divided on the basis of the 2D surface mesh, which can be understood as dividing a model surface into a 2D plane mesh and dividing the 3D volume mesh inwards on the basis of the 2D mesh. Finite element division can divide an integral model into a finite number of grid aggregates, and grid calculation is carried out through an algorithm, and all grid calculation results are combined into an integral result, namely a result of finite element analysis solving.
The 3D volume mesh is divided into tetrahedral and hexahedral meshes, i.e., pyramidal and rectangular parallelepiped shapes. The calculation result is more accurate through the hexahedral mesh, but the hub model is divided more easily by adopting the tetrahedral mesh because of excessive irregular curved surfaces.
Step S20, establishing a reference point for load application in the finite element model of the hub.
In the embodiment of the invention, before establishing a reference point for load application in a finite element model of a hub, a hub tetrahedral finite element model with meshes divided in Hypermesh needs to be output as an inp file, and the inp file is imported into a professional engineering structure simulation software (such as Abaqus) so as to preprocess the hub finite element model. And establishing the material characteristics and the section properties of the hub, and endowing the material section properties to the finite element model of the hub.
As shown in fig. 2, the reference point is a point on the central axis of the hub, which is located at a negative X meter distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub, where the orientation of the top surface of the hub is a vertical upward positive direction, and the orientation of the bottom surface matched with the test flange plate is a vertical downward negative direction.
And step S30, coupling the reference point with the bolt hole surface of the hub.
Specifically, the reference point is coupled with the hole surface of the hub bolt, the coupling constraint of the load acting surface is established, and the coupling constraint type is structural distribution. The hub bolt hole surfaces are hole surfaces corresponding to the bolts in the hub.
The coupling is similar to an equivalent medium, i.e. the effect on the coupling point is synchronized directly to the coupling surface. In this embodiment, it is not possible to apply a concentrated point load to such multiple faces, and this is achieved by coupling multiple faces to a point (reference point) at which a concentrated point load is applied.
Specifically, the present embodiment is based on the software function Coupling: the control point is selected, namely the reference point is selected as the control point, and the coupled surface, namely the hub bolt hole surface, is selected to be coupled. That is, the reference point controls the several hub bolt hole surfaces, and then the effect exerted on the reference point is converted into the effect exerted on the hub bolt hole surfaces.
Step S40, applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference point.
In step S50, the dynamic load is decomposed into static loads that are applied successively at predetermined angles.
As shown in fig. 3, the dynamic load applied in the circumferential direction perpendicular to the hub axis (the perpendicular point is a reference point) is decomposed into static loads applied one after another every 5 degrees.
The number of static analysis steps can be written as n, and the load applied at every two analysis steps is 180/n. The dynamic load is decomposed into the static loads which are applied successively at preset angles, so that the dynamic load of the whole circumference is divided into a plurality of static loads to realize equivalent substitution of the dynamic load, the difficulty of applying the dynamic load is reduced, and the time for calculating dynamic analysis is reduced.
Wherein the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and X. Specifically, the static load is a ratio of the torque to X, and X is a distance X from a reference point to a mounting surface under the hub.
In an embodiment provided by the present invention, decomposing the dynamic load into static loads that are applied successively at preset angles includes:
for the wheel hub with the number of bolt holes being double, the number of static analysis steps is 36, and the load is applied to the direction of 180 degrees from the direction of 0 degree;
for a hub with a singular number of bolt holes, the number of static analysis steps established was 72, and the load was applied from the 0 degree direction to the 360 degree direction.
In step S60, a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration is applied.
In the structural analysis process, a more important problem of "imposing constraints on the structural body" exists. Different constraints are applied to the structural body, and under the same load, the structural analysis result is different. In the mechanical analysis, the motion of an object may be limited in six ways, including movement in three dimensions (X, Y, Z) (linear motion) and rotation in three dimensions (X, Y, Z) (rotation around three directions).
The method and the device limit the movement of the hub in six directions, namely apply the constraint in six directions, namely the constraint is called as full constraint, and the influence on the constraint caused by the limitation of the movement of the hub in six directions without considering the difference of coordinate systems is avoided. The directional issues of the upper, lower, and annular faces of the hub are independent of the full constraint.
Specifically, the restriction of X, Y, Z-direction movement and X, Y, Z-direction rotation freedom is applied to the horizontal annular surface of the lower rim of the hub, and the global vertical downward gravity acceleration g is applied to be 9.8m/s2。
And step S70, carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture.
And step S80, predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
In the embodiment, a digital model of the hub, the characteristics of which are completely consistent with those of the actual hub, is established, the surface curve of the digital model is optimized, a hub finite element model of a high-quality grid is established, and then a mode of reference point coupling loaded surface loading and multi-analysis step loading is adopted, so that the model structure is simplified, and the simulation calculation difficulty and time are reduced; and finally, predicting the bending fatigue life of the hub by adopting a local stress-strain method, wherein the numerical value obtained by the method is closer to the actual test value, and the efficiency of predicting the fatigue life of the hub is improved.
The invention provides a method for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub, which comprises the steps of obtaining a finite element model of the hub; establishing a load application reference point in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction; coupling the reference point with the bolt hole surface of the hub; applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference points; decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration; carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture; and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture. According to the invention, the bending fatigue life of the hub is predicted by adopting a local stress-strain method, the numerical value obtained by the method is closer to the actual test value, and the efficiency of predicting the fatigue life of the hub is improved by the embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud map may include:
and step S801, determining dangerous points of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture result.
After finite element analysis is carried out on the hub in simulation software, a stress analysis cloud picture of the hub under the corresponding load working condition can be obtained in a software post-processing module, and the maximum stress point and the specific stress value of the point can be inquired in the stress analysis cloud picture through setting.
Step S802, calculating a stress spectrum of the dangerous point.
The nominal stress spectrum at a certain point can be extracted by software post-processing.
Step S803, calculate the stress-strain spectrum by using an elasto-plastic finite element method.
It should be noted that, in a metal material, there are two cases of elastic deformation and plastic deformation when a force is applied. Elastic deformation is that the force is removed and then the original shape is recovered, and plastic deformation is that the force is removed and then the original shape is not recovered. Whereas fatigue analysis is directed to the elastic deformation phase, since the structure has already deteriorated during plastic deformation. In the elastic phase, there is a correspondence between the stress-strain of the materials, which is different for each material. After simulation calculation, the stress-strain spectrum of the post-processing module under a certain force can be obtained.
And step S804, an epsilon-N curve under the stress-strain spectrum level is obtained.
Where ε is the sign of strain and N is the sign of lifetime.
And step S805, calculating the fatigue life of the dangerous point according to the epsilon-N curve and the strain-life formula.
Based on the fatigue accumulated damage theory, a strain-life formula is adopted, namely the fatigue life of the hub under the design load.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, a hub fatigue life device is provided, and the hub fatigue life device corresponds to the hub bending fatigue life calculation method in the above embodiment one to one. As shown in fig. 4, the functional modules of the hub fatigue life device are described in detail as follows:
an obtaining module 10, configured to obtain a finite element model of a hub;
a building module 20 for establishing a reference point for load application in the finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
the coupling module 30 is used for coupling the reference point with a hub bolt hole surface;
an applying module 40 for applying a dynamic load to the reference point after coupling;
a decomposition module 50, configured to decompose the dynamic load into static loads that are applied successively at preset intervals; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
the applying module 40 is further configured to apply a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration;
a calculation module 60, configured to perform simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud;
and the prediction module 70 is used for predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
Specifically, the obtaining module 10 is configured to:
an obtaining unit 11 for obtaining a digital model of the hub;
the conversion unit 12 is configured to output the digital model of the hub as a Step file of the hub; inputting the Step file into mesh division software;
the preprocessing unit 13 is configured to preprocess the digital model of the hub, where the preprocessing is to suppress redundant lines in the Step file and combine a long and narrow surface and a shattered surface into a curved surface;
and the dividing unit 14 is used for dividing the hub surface meshes and the body meshes of the preprocessed digital model of the hub.
Further, the dividing unit 14 is specifically configured to:
carrying out finite element division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub by adopting a tetrahedral mesh;
and deleting the hub surface grids in the digital model of the hub and reserving tetrahedral grids.
Further, the application module 40 is specifically configured to:
for the wheel hub with the number of bolt holes being double, the number of static analysis steps is 36, and the load is applied to the direction of 180 degrees from the direction of 0 degree;
for a hub with a singular number of bolt holes, the number of static analysis steps established was 72, and the load was applied from the 0 degree direction to the 360 degree direction.
Specifically, the prediction module 70 is specifically configured to:
determining a dangerous point of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture result;
calculating a stress spectrum of the dangerous point;
calculating a stress-strain spectrum by using an elastic-plastic finite element method;
obtaining an epsilon-N curve at the stress-strain spectrum level;
and calculating the fatigue life of the dangerous point according to the epsilon-N curve and the strain-life formula.
For specific definition of the hub fatigue life device, reference may be made to the above definition of the hub bending fatigue life calculation method, and details are not repeated here. The various modules in the above-described apparatus may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and combinations thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, the internal structure of which may be as shown in fig. 5. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a database connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method of calculating a bending fatigue life of a hub.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
obtaining a finite element model of the hub;
establishing a reference point for load application in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
coupling the reference point with a hub bolt hole surface;
applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration;
carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
obtaining a finite element model of the hub;
establishing a reference point for load application in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
coupling the reference point with a hub bolt hole surface;
applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration;
carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of calculating a bending fatigue life of a hub, the method comprising:
obtaining a finite element model of the hub;
establishing a reference point for load application in a finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
coupling the reference point with a hub bolt hole surface;
applying a dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
applying a global vertical downward gravitational acceleration;
carrying out simulation calculation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a finite element model of a hub comprises:
acquiring a digital model of the hub;
outputting the digital model of the hub into a Step file of the hub, and inputting the Step file into meshing software;
preprocessing the digital model of the hub, wherein the preprocessing is to suppress redundant lines in the digital model of the hub and combine a long and narrow surface and a shattering surface into a curved surface;
and carrying out hub surface mesh and body mesh division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub.
3. The method for calculating the bending fatigue life of the hub according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing hub surface mesh and body mesh division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub comprises the following steps:
carrying out finite element division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub by adopting a tetrahedral mesh;
and deleting the hub surface grids in the digital model of the hub and reserving tetrahedral grids.
4. The method of calculating the bending fatigue life of the hub according to claim 1, wherein the decomposing the dynamic load into the static loads that are sequentially applied at every predetermined angle includes:
for the wheel hub with the number of bolt holes being double, the number of static analysis steps is 36, and the load is applied to the direction of 180 degrees from the direction of 0 degree;
for a hub with a singular number of bolt holes, the number of static analysis steps established was 72, and the load was applied from the 0 degree direction to the 360 degree direction.
5. The method for calculating the bending fatigue life of the hub according to claim 4, wherein the predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud chart comprises:
determining a dangerous point of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture result;
calculating a stress spectrum of the dangerous point;
calculating a stress-strain spectrum by using an elastic-plastic finite element method;
obtaining an epsilon-N curve at the stress-strain spectrum level;
and calculating the fatigue life of the dangerous point according to the epsilon-N curve and the strain-life formula.
6. A hub bending fatigue life calculation apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a finite element model of the hub;
the construction module is used for establishing a load application reference point in the finite element model of the hub; the reference point is a point which takes the orientation of the top surface of the hub as a vertical upward positive direction, the orientation of the bottom surface which is matched with the test flange plate in an installing way is a vertical downward negative direction, and the distance from the central point of the bottom surface of the hub on the central axis of the hub is X meters in the negative direction;
the coupling module is used for coupling the reference point with the hole surface of the hub bolt;
the application module is used for applying dynamic load to the coupled reference point;
the decomposition module is used for decomposing the dynamic load into static loads which are applied successively at preset angles; the static load is determined according to the torque of the hub and the X;
the applying module is further used for applying global vertical downward gravity acceleration;
the computing module is used for carrying out simulation computation on the processed finite element model to obtain a stress analysis cloud picture;
and the prediction module is used for predicting the fatigue life of the hub according to the stress analysis cloud picture.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the obtaining module is configured to:
an acquisition unit for acquiring a digital model of the hub;
the conversion unit is used for outputting the digital model of the hub into a Step file of the hub and inputting the Step file into mesh division software;
the preprocessing unit is used for preprocessing the digital model of the hub, and the preprocessing is used for inhibiting redundant lines in the digital model of the hub and combining the long and narrow surface and the shattering surface into a curved surface;
and the dividing unit is used for dividing the hub surface meshes and the body meshes of the preprocessed digital model of the hub.
8. The device for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub according to claim 7, wherein the dividing unit is specifically configured to:
carrying out finite element division on the preprocessed digital model of the hub by adopting a tetrahedral mesh;
and deleting the hub surface grids in the digital model of the hub and reserving tetrahedral grids.
9. Computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub according to any of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method for calculating the bending fatigue life of a hub according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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