CN108998614A - 一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000720 Silicomanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011805 ball Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001240 Maraging steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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Abstract
本发明涉及炼钢技术领域,尤其涉及一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法。本发明采用铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH的生产工艺路线,采用双联工艺,转炉采用全留渣与双渣造渣技术,采用特殊的供氧技术,转炉终点氧值控制在600ppm~800ppm,转炉终点温度控制在1660℃~1680℃。铁水锰质量百分比含量小于0.16%;Si、Mn氧化期后放渣,沸腾出钢;加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰。钢种炼成率大幅提高,进而生产出Mn质量百分比含量≤0.025%的超低锰钢。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及炼钢技术领域,尤其涉及一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法。
背景技术
超低锰钢是一种重要的钢铁基础材料,主要用于冶炼各种高温合金、耐热合金、精密合金、马氏体时效钢等航空航天、军工和民用合金或钢材,近年来在国内外发展异常迅锰。尤其是Mn≤0.025%钢的制备技术,可扩大其使用范围,可应用在充电桩电池上。
目前钢厂铁水Mn含量普遍偏高,因此在生产这类钢种时做成难度极大,无法生产出Mn质量百分比含量≤0.025%的超低锰钢。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法。采用此生产方法可生产出Mn质量百分比含量≤0.025%的超低锰钢。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法,包括以下生产步骤:铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH;
1)铁水预处理:
A、选铁目标:铁水温度1300~1360℃,0.5%<铁水Si质量百分比含量<0.8%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量≤0.16%,铁水P质量百分比含量≤0.09%,铁水S质量百分比含量≤0.04%;
B、铁水预处理目标:铁水温度1300~1360℃,0.5%<铁水Si质量百分比含量<0.8%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量≤0.16%,铁水P质量百分比含量≤0.09%,铁水S质量百分比含量<0.001%;
2)转炉:
A、全留渣+双渣造渣制度:
a、上炉冶炼后的炉渣全部留在炉内,溅渣固化熔渣后,加废钢兑铁吹炼;
b、吹炼至5~6min放渣,此时硅锰氧化结束,放渣前碱度控制在1.5~2.0;
c、放渣温度控制在1400℃~1450℃;
d、以每产1吨钢计,放渣后物料加入量≥50kg,加入石灰使碱度不低于3.0,其余为轻烧镁球,烧结矿、铁碳球、菱镁石、石灰石中的一种或几种混合物;
B、供氧制度
a、吹氧13min之前工作氧压为1MPa,13min之后为0.9MPa;
b、前期枪位控制在2.2m~2.4m;
c、中期枪位控制在2.3m~2.8m;
d、后期枪位控制在2.6m~3.0m;
e、拉碳枪位为2.1m,拉碳时间为30s~60s;
C、终点控制制度
a、转炉终点氧值控制在600ppm~800ppm;
b、转炉终点温度控制在1660℃~1680℃。
3)LF炉:加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰;
A、进LF炉升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒、0.4~1.2kg/t助熔渣,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取头样;
B、LF炉二次升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取搬出样;
C、搬出目标温度为1610~1630℃;
4)RH:
A、采用深处理模式,真空时间28~32min;
B、质量控制关键点:终脱氧加铝量={[O]×0.0014+0.06~0.08}kg/t,不加成分铝;
C、搬出定氧,氧值<40ppm。
与现有方法相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明采用铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH的生产工艺路线,采用双联工艺,转炉采用全留渣与双渣造渣技术,采用特殊的供氧技术。铁水锰质量百分比含量小于0.16%;Si、Mn氧化期后放渣,沸腾出钢;加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰。钢种炼成率大幅提高,进而生产出Mn质量百分比含量≤0.025%的超低锰钢。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法。本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
实施例1:
以260t转炉为例,采用铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH—连铸的双联生产工艺路线,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、准备工作
在生产此钢种前要生产一浇次(6罐)超低碳钢,这6罐钢的钢水罐用于下一浇次的超低锰钢上,保证钢水罐的洁净化。
在生产此钢种前要生产一浇次(6罐)超低碳钢,超低碳钢成分要求如表1所示:
表1超低碳钢成分表 单位:质量百分比含量
步骤二、铁水预处理
1、选铁目标:铁水温度1350℃,铁水Si质量百分比含量0.45%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量0.15%,铁水P质量百分比含量0.070%,铁水S质量百分比含量0.003%;
2、铁水预处理目标:铁水S质量百分比含量0.001%;
3、脱硫按照吨铁7kg镁粉去除0.001%硫磺控制,取样,扒渣,回样S≤0.003%,铁水可直接兑入转炉。
步骤三、转炉
Si、Mn氧化期后放渣,沸腾出钢;
1、铁水锰含量0.14%;
2、上炉全留渣。本炉在5min30s放渣,放渣温度为1420℃,碱度1.8;
3、放渣后加入熔剂54.8kg/t钢,终渣碱度3.3;
4、开吹氧压为1MPa,12min51s调节氧压至0.9MPa;
5、前期枪位2.3m,中期枪位2.6m,后期枪位2.9m,拉碳枪位2.1m,拉碳时间35s;
6、终点氧值685ppm,终点温度1666℃。
步骤四:LF炉
加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰,
1、进LF炉升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒、0.4~1.2kg/t助熔渣,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取头样;
2、LF炉二次升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取搬出样;
3、搬出目标温度为1610~1630℃;
步骤五、RH
1、启用四级泵,采用深处理模式,真空时间30min;
2、质量控制关键点:终脱氧加铝量={[O]×0.0014+0.06~0.08}kg/t,不加成分铝;
式中:[O]为氧值,单位ppm;
3、搬出定氧,氧值30ppm。
实施例2:
以260t转炉为例,采用铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH—连铸的双联生产工艺路线,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、准备工作
在生产此钢种前要生产一浇次(6罐)超低碳钢,这6罐钢的钢水罐用于下一浇次的超低锰钢上,保证钢水罐的洁净化。
在生产此钢种前要生产一浇次(6罐)超低碳钢,超低碳钢成分要求如表1所示:
表2超低碳钢成分表 单位:质量百分比含量
步骤二、铁水预处理
1、选铁目标:铁水温度1350℃,铁水Si质量百分比含量0.45%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量0.15%,铁水P质量百分比含量0.070%,铁水S质量百分比含量0.003%;
2、铁水预处理目标:铁水S质量百分比含量0.001%;
3、脱硫按照吨铁7kg镁粉去除0.001%硫磺控制,取样,扒渣,回样S≤0.003%,铁水可直接兑入转炉。
步骤三、转炉
Si、Mn氧化期后放渣,沸腾出钢;
1、铁水锰含量0.132%;
2、上炉全留渣。本炉在5min10s放渣,放渣温度为1433℃,碱度1.69;
3、放渣后加入熔剂53.3kg/t钢,终渣碱度3.52;
4、开吹氧压为1MPa,13min8s调节氧压至0.9MPa;
5、前期枪位2.35m,中期枪位2.5m,后期枪位2.85m,拉碳枪位2.1m,拉碳时间45s;
6、终点氧值745ppm,终点温度1673℃。
步骤四:LF炉
加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰,
1、进LF炉升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒、0.4~1.2kg/t助熔渣,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取头样;
2、LF炉二次升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取搬出样;
3、搬出目标温度为1610~1630℃;
步骤五、RH
1、启用四级泵,采用深处理模式,真空时间30min;
2、质量控制关键点:终脱氧加铝量={[O]×0.0014+0.06~0.08}kg/t,不加成分铝;
式中:[O]为氧值,单位ppm;
3、搬出定氧,氧值30ppm。
本发明采用铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH的生产工艺路线,采用双联工艺,转炉采用全留渣与双渣造渣技术,采用特殊的供氧技术。铁水锰质量百分比含量小于0.16%;Si、Mn氧化期后放渣,沸腾出钢;加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰。钢种炼成率大幅提高,进而生产出Mn质量百分比含量≤0.025%的超低锰钢。
鞍钢四分厂生产的超低锰钢,锰的质量百分比含量能够做到0.025%以下,以下是四分厂生产的超低锰钢的成分表。
表3生产的超低碳钢成分表 单位:质量百分比含量
熔炼号 | C,% | Si,% | Mn,% | P,% | S,% | Als,% | O,% |
18BD3386 | 0.002 | 0.0023 | 0.0193 | 0.0024 | 0.0049 | 0.0055 | 0.0092 |
18BD3387 | 0.001 | 0.0021 | 0.0228 | 0.0026 | 0.0058 | 0.0057 | 0.0079 |
18BD3388 | 0.002 | 0.0023 | 0.0194 | 0.0025 | 0.0069 | 0.0056 | 0.0088 |
18AD3477 | 0.001 | 0.0028 | 0.0247 | 0.0029 | 0.0070 | 0.0061 | 0.0072 |
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种超低锰钢的冶炼方法,其特征在于,包括以下生产步骤:铁水预处理—转炉—LF炉—RH;
1)铁水预处理:
A、选铁目标:铁水温度1300~1360℃,0.5%<铁水Si质量百分比含量<0.8%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量≤0.16%,铁水P质量百分比含量≤0.09%,铁水S质量百分比含量≤0.04%;
B、铁水预处理目标:铁水温度1300~1360℃,0.5%<铁水Si质量百分比含量<0.8%,铁水Mn质量百分比含量≤0.16%,铁水P质量百分比含量≤0.09%,铁水S质量百分比含量<0.001%;
2)转炉:
A、全留渣+双渣造渣制度:
a、上炉冶炼后的炉渣全部留在炉内,溅渣固化熔渣后,加废钢兑铁吹炼;
b、吹炼至5~6min放渣,此时硅锰氧化结束,放渣前碱度控制在1.5~2.0;
c、放渣温度控制在1400℃~1450℃;
d、以每产1吨钢计,放渣后物料加入量≥50kg,加入石灰使碱度不低于3.0,其余为轻烧镁球、烧结矿、铁碳球、菱镁石、石灰石中的一种或几种混合物;
B、供氧制度
a、吹氧13min之前工作氧压为1MPa,13min之后为0.9MPa;
b、前期枪位控制在2.2m~2.4m;
c、中期枪位控制在2.3m~2.8m;
d、后期枪位控制在2.6m~3.0m;
e、拉碳枪位为2.1m,拉碳时间为30s~60s;
C、终点控制制度
a、转炉终点氧值控制在600ppm~800ppm;
b、转炉终点温度控制在1660℃~1680℃。
3)LF炉:加白灰在氧化性条件下脱磷烧锰;
A、进LF炉升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒、0.4~1.2kg/t助熔渣,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取头样;
B、LF炉二次升温,升温过程中加入3.2~4kg/t石灰小粒,升温结束后,大流量90~100Nm3/h状态搅拌8~10min取搬出样;
C、搬出目标温度为1610~1630℃;
4)RH:
A、采用深处理模式,真空时间28~32min;
B、质量控制关键点:终脱氧加铝量={[O]×0.0014+0.06~0.08}kg/t,不加成分铝;
C、搬出定氧,氧值<40ppm。
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