CN108998113A - 一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法,属于醇基燃料技术领域,其特征是由以下质量百分比组分组成:单原子钴基催化剂1.5%‑2%、助溶剂36%‑48%、助燃剂7%‑26.5%、増氧剂0.5%‑31.5%、清洁剂7.8%‑10%、润滑剂9.5%‑13%;先将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,溶解后加入pH调节剂氢氧化钠调节溶液pH至中性,再按5%的重量加剂比例,添加到甲醇中。本发明的甲醇燃料具有燃烧活性高,火焰稳定性好,无有毒排放,成本低等优点。主要应用于工业锅炉上,其燃烧后产生的二氧化碳和水不污染环境,节能环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及醇基燃料技术领域,尤其是一种节能环保的单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着化石资源的不断枯竭,能源消费将逐步向可再生能源发展。醇类是除石油、天然气以外,内燃机最可代用的燃料,是替代石油燃料中的新希望,其中甲醇燃料更成为首选。甲醇燃料是国际上公认的清洁燃料,甲醇为含氧化合物,其燃烧排放的有害物质比石油基燃料所产生的有害物质明显降低。甲醇燃料具有动力性好、环保性好、方便安全、质量稳定,且有燃烧速度快、放热快、热效率高等特点,其市场应用和发展前景十分广阔。
在我国山西、上海和天津等地区,对甲醇液体燃料进行了开发和利用,但由于甲醇具有热值低,挥发性强、冷启动困难、腐蚀溶胀性等问题,一些甲醇液体燃料由于增加热值的成分繁杂,存在产品不稳定、热效率差、燃烧不充分以及有不良气味等,尤其是与石油基燃料相比经济性差,针对这些问题,国内外的研究者进行了大量的研究和探索,但是都很难一次性地同时解决以上甲醇燃料使用中出现的全部问题,虽然目前关于甲醇燃料的专用催化燃烧剂技术还不成熟,但在提高甲醇燃料的燃烧效率方面,出现过一些专利,如公开号CN1108358C的“醇基液体燃料”和公开号CN1667094A的“醇基液体燃料”这二项发明专利中,都公开了提高甲醇燃料的热值和火焰温度,添加了高锰酸钾等金属化合物,这对甲醇燃烧具有很好的助燃作用,但据《化工辞典》介绍,高锰酸钾遇甲醇、乙酸即分解,不能稳定存在。另外高锰酸钾的燃烧产物对金属腐蚀,对环境和人有害,这都是甲醇液体燃料没有尽快实现市场化的重要因素。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对目前甲醇燃料技术的不足,提供一种制备方法简单、燃烧无有毒排放、价格低廉,而且可解决甲醇燃料热值低、燃烧不完全、不稳定等多种难题的一种节能环保的单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法。
为实现以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料及其制备方法,属于醇基燃料技术领域,其特征是由以下质量百分比组分组成:单原子钴基催化剂1.5%-2%、助溶剂36%-48%、助燃剂7%-26.5%、増氧剂0.5%-31.5%、清洁剂7.8%-10%、润滑剂9.5%-13%;所述的单原子钴基催化剂为Co-N-C催化剂,采用一锅焙烧法制得,即将Co(CH3COO)2、邻菲罗啉、Mg(OH)2在N2环境中700℃高温焙烧2h,酸洗移除MgO支架,制得自支撑的高负载量Co-N-C单原子催化剂;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇24%-32%,丙酮12%-16%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯0-17%、二茂铁0-1.5%、异丙醇0-8%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水0-31%、硝酸钾0-0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇;先将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,溶解后加入pH调节剂氢氧化钠调节溶液pH至中性,再按5%的重量加剂比例,添加到甲醇中,搅拌30分钟即得单原子钴基甲醇燃料。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.6%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇26%,丙酮13%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯14%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水27%、硝酸钾0.4%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇10%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.7%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇28%,丙酮14%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:异丙醇7%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水29%、硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺8.8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇11%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂2%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇29%,丙酮15%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二茂铁1.5%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水31%、硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺9%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇12%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.5%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇24%,丙酮12%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水25%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺7.8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇9.5%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂2%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇32%,丙酮16%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯17%、异丙醇8%、二茂铁1.5%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺10%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇13%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.4%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比记为:乙醇24%,丙酮12%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水25%、硝酸钾0.4%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺7.5%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇9.5%。
作为上述方案的优选,所述的甲醇与复合添加剂的质量百分比为100:5。
作为上述方案的优选,本发明还提供一种醇基液体燃料的制备方法,具有以下制备步骤:
(1)单原子钴基催化剂采用一锅焙烧法制得,即将Co(CH3COO)2、邻菲罗啉、Mg(OH)2在N2环境中700℃高温焙烧2h,酸洗移除MgO支架,制得自支撑的高负载量Co-N-C单原子催化剂。
(2)将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,溶解后加入pH调节剂氢氧化钠调节溶液pH至中性;
(3)再按甲醇与复合添加剂的质量百分比100:5的重量加剂比例,添加到甲醇中,搅拌30分钟。
本发明的突出优点在于:
添加单原子钴基Co-N-C催化剂,分散的单原子催化剂能够实现最大的原子效率和暴露最多的活性位点,Co-N-C三者可以协同作用催化活性高;通常认为,有机化合物的催化氧化是基于Mars van Krevelen(MvK)机理的表面氧化还原循环,此机理可由以下2个简单的步骤概括:
(1)碳氢化合物+氧化态催化剂→还原态催化剂+产物;
(2)O2+还原态催化剂→氧化态催化剂。
对于单原子钴基Co-N-C催化剂,首先由于其具有较强的氧吸附性能,氧分子被迅速富集到催化剂表面,进而与催化剂之间发生电子转移,生成氧负离子,再与甲醇燃料发生氧化反应;其次单原子钴基催化剂中掺杂的碳和氮能有效的促进电子转移;最后单原子钴基Co-N-C催化剂由于其特殊的结构,使其暴露了更多的活性位点,反应物之间接触更为充分,进一步提高其催化效率。和非贵金属纳米材料相比,分散的单原子催化剂更稳定;和Pt等贵金属催化剂相比,价格更低廉。
添加助溶剂乙醇和丙酮,使甲醇燃料各组分混合均匀,分散良好;而且乙醇和丙酮易挥发,也在一定程度上提高燃烧效率。
添加助燃剂二甲苯、异丙醇和二茂铁,克服甲醇冷点火和自发火困难,消除烟尘,减少积碳。二甲苯和异丙醇能够增加氧化,使燃料燃烧速度加快,易点燃,且火焰分散快,有调味作用;二茂铁能提高燃料成膜性,易于均匀稳定的汽化,增大燃烧时与氧气的接触面,进而充分燃烧,消除烟尘,减少积碳,提高火焰清晰度等。
添加增氧剂过氧化氢和硝酸钾,促进助燃剂充分氧化燃烧,提高热值。过氧化氢和硝酸钾受热分解,能产生氧气,进而促进助燃剂充分氧化燃烧,提高热值。
添加清洁剂聚醚胺,具有优良的清净、分散、缓蚀及抗氧性能。聚醚胺可抑制喷油嘴的沉积物生成,能将已吸附在部件表面的积炭洗涤下来,从而使锅炉燃烧器内部零部件的金属表面保持清洁。
添加润滑剂丙三醇,增强燃料的润滑性,减少锅炉燃烧器内部的磨损。丙三醇具有高度的润滑分散和节能减摩作用,同时高温燃烧时充分完全,不易产生积炭。
复合添加剂,制备方法简单,价格低廉;各组份相互协同作用,使其燃烧更为充分完全,无有毒排放;具有较高的燃烧热值,可以长期稳定燃烧,保持较高的燃烧温度;而且可解决甲醇燃料热值低、燃烧不完全、不稳定等多种难题。
附图说明:
图1为实施例1-6号甲醇燃料;
图2为实施例1-6号甲醇燃料燃烧火焰;
图3为实施例7号甲醇燃料及其燃烧火焰;
图4为燃烧装置整体机械设计图;
图5为燃烧器机械设计图。
图中:
a:a左为实施例1号甲醇燃料保存3个月,a右为实施例1号甲醇燃料保存6个月;
b:a左甲醇燃料燃烧火焰图;
c:a右甲醇燃料燃烧火焰图;
1、燃烧器,2-支撑箱,3-万向轮,4-燃烧锅炉,5-支架;
1-1、燃烧系统,1-2、控制系统,1-3、油路系统。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面将结合本发明的具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
1号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂1.6%,助溶剂:乙醇26%、丙酮13%,助燃剂:二甲苯14%,增氧剂:双氧水27%、硝酸钾0.4%,清洁剂:聚醚胺8%,润滑剂:丙三醇10%;先将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,溶解后加入pH调节剂氢氧化钠调节溶液pH至中性,再按甲醇与复合添加剂的质量百分比为100:5的重量加剂比例,添加到甲醇中,搅拌30分钟即得单原子钴基甲醇燃料。
实施例2
2号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂1.7%,助溶剂:乙醇28%、丙酮14%,助燃剂:异丙醇7%,增氧剂:双氧水29%、硝酸钾0.5%,清洁剂:聚醚胺8.8%,润滑剂:丙三醇11%;制备和使用方法同实施例1。
实施例3
3号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂2%,助溶剂:乙醇29%,丙酮15%,助燃剂:二茂铁1.5%,增氧剂:双氧水31%、硝酸钾0.5%,清洁剂为聚醚胺9%,润滑剂:丙三醇12%;制备和使用方法同实施例1。
实施例4
4号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂1.5%,助溶剂:乙醇24%,丙酮12%,助燃剂:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%,增氧剂:双氧水25%,清洁剂:聚醚胺7.8%,润滑剂:丙三醇9.5%;制备和使用方法同实施例1。
实施例5
5号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂2%,助溶剂:乙醇32%,丙酮16%,助燃剂:二甲苯17%、异丙醇8%、二茂铁1.5%,增氧剂:硝酸钾0.5%,清洁剂:聚醚胺10%,润滑剂:为丙三醇13%;制备和使用方法同实施例1。
实施例6
6号甲醇燃料,单原子钴基催化剂:Co-N-C催化剂1.4%,助溶剂:乙醇24%,丙酮12%,助燃剂:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%,增氧剂:双氧水25%、硝酸钾0.4%,清洁剂:聚醚胺7.5%,润滑剂:丙三醇9.5%;制备和使用方法同实施例1。
实施例7
将1号甲醇燃料在室温下,分别保存3个月和6个月。
以上所述仅为本发明的几个具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本领域技术的普通技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,可以轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
表1实施例1-7各项指标检测结果
表2实施例1-7检测结果与《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》(GB 13271-2014)相比
单位:mg/m3
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不用于限制本发明,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于:由以下质量百分比组分组成:单原子钴基催化剂1.5%-2%、助溶剂36%-48%、助燃剂7%-26.5%、増氧剂0.5%-31.5%、清洁剂7.8%-10%、润滑剂9.5%-13%;
所述的单原子钴基催化剂为Co-N-C催化剂;
所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇24%-32%,丙酮12%-16%;
所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比为:二甲苯0-17%、二茂铁0-1.5%、异丙醇0-8%;
所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比为:双氧水0-31%、硝酸钾0-0.5%;
所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺;
所述的润滑剂为丙三醇;
将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,再添加到甲醇中,即得单原子钴基甲醇燃料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.6%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇26%,丙酮13%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯14%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水27%、硝酸钾0.4%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇10%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.7%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇28%,丙酮14%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:异丙醇7%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水29%、硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺8.8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇11%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂2%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇29%,丙酮15%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二茂铁1.5%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水31%、硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺9%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇12%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.5%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇24%,丙酮12%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水25%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺7.8%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇9.5%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂2%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇32%,丙酮16%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯17%、异丙醇8%、二茂铁1.5%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:硝酸钾0.5%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺10%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇13%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的单原子钴基催化剂1.4%;所述的助溶剂包含的各组分按质量百分比为:乙醇24%,丙酮12%;所述的助燃剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:二甲苯13%、异丙醇6%、二茂铁1.2%;所述的增氧剂包含的各组份按质量百分比记为:双氧水25%、硝酸钾0.4%;所述的清洁剂为聚醚胺7.5%;所述的润滑剂为丙三醇9.5%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料,其特征在于,所述的甲醇与复合添加剂的质量百分比为100:5。
9.一种单原子钴基甲醇燃料的制备方法,其特征在于,依次包括以下步骤:
S1、单原子钴基催化剂采用一锅焙烧法制得,即将Co(CH3COO)2、邻菲罗啉、Mg(OH)2在N2环境中700℃高温焙烧2h,酸洗移除MgO支架,制得自支撑的高负载量Co-N-C单原子催化剂。
S2、将助溶剂、助燃剂、增氧剂、清洁剂、润滑剂和单原子钴基催化剂按顺序混合制成复合添加剂,溶解后加入pH调节剂氢氧化钠调节溶液pH至中性;
S3、再按甲醇与复合添加剂的质量百分比100:5的重量加剂比例,添加到甲醇中,搅拌30分钟。
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