CN108982274A - A kind of high speed single-point scratching experimental rig and test method - Google Patents

A kind of high speed single-point scratching experimental rig and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108982274A
CN108982274A CN201811156693.8A CN201811156693A CN108982274A CN 108982274 A CN108982274 A CN 108982274A CN 201811156693 A CN201811156693 A CN 201811156693A CN 108982274 A CN108982274 A CN 108982274A
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China
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grinding
grinding wheel
high speed
scratching
dynamometer
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CN201811156693.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
于怡青
陈悦
胡中伟
王帅
李论
徐西鹏
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Huaqiao University
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Huaqiao University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • G01N3/565Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion of granular or particulate material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0005Repeated or cyclic

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high speed single-points to scratch experimental rig, and multilayered structure grinding wheel is dispersed with the abrasive material of multilayer different-grain diameter along the axial direction of grinding wheel base body.Wheel face is equipped with groove between layers, installs diamond penetrator in groove;Dynamometer is fixed on the workbench of high-speed plane grinding machine;Sample is fixed on dynamometer by fixture clamping, specimen surface is roughly ground using multilayered structure grinding wheel, accurate and polishing, to obtain smooth circular arc concave surface identical with wheel face curvature, diamond penetrator is mounted in the groove threaded hole of multilayered structure grinding wheel, by the high speed rotation and axial feed motion of grinding wheel, specimen surface after a polish generates the scratch of fixed cutting-in.Dynamometer obtains sample by signal amplification and data acquisition and scratches force data.The high speed single-point that fixed cutting-in can be achieved in the present invention scratches test, and device is simple, easy to use, is of great significance to research high-speed grinding Material Removal Mechanism.

Description

A kind of high speed single-point scratching experimental rig and test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Principle of Grinding and Cutting experimental study fields, and in particular to a kind of device of single-point high speed scratching.
Background technique
Grinding is used as a kind of common high-efficiency and precision processing method, is widely used in metal, stone material, ceramics, hard and closes The Precision Machining of a variety of materials such as gold, optical glass.Grinding is a complicated process, be the countless minute abrasives of wheel face with The process of workpiece surface interaction, during which the factors such as abrasive grain form, contact condition, action time are interweaved, very big ground resistance The understanding to grinding plus process is hindered.In order to better understand grinding process, removing material cutting mechanisms, Ohbuchi Y. are disclosed Carry out single abrasive particle scratching earliest with Matsuo T. to test, single abrasive particle scratching test method is widely used in grinding later Study carefully removing material cutting mechanisms.
Single-point scratching test, which is generally divided into, becomes cutting-in and fixed two kinds of cutting-in, and pendulum model scratching is a kind of typical change cutting-in Scratch test method.It is secured the particles on swing rod or ring flange, drives abrasive grain incision by swing rod or ring flange rotation Specimen surface simultaneously leaves, to simulate the Micro cutting Process of wheel face single abrasive particle.The advantages of pendulum model scratching test method, exists In obtaining higher scratching speed using high speed grinding machine, disadvantage is exactly that cannot obtain the stabilization scratching process of fixed cutting-in, This is unfavorable to research removing material cutting mechanisms.In order to carry out the single abrasive particle scratching test of fixed cutting-in, generally use Linear motor drives diamond penetrator to carry out straight line scratching, but the problem of this method maximum under the conditions of constant pressure or permanent feeding It is that speed is too low, it is difficult to reach the requirement of grinding speed, especially high-speed grinding.
In order to obtain the high speed single abrasive particle scratching test in fixed cutting-in, a kind of patent " single abrasive particle high speed Continuous scratching testing machine machine application " (Patent No. CN105717030B) using electro spindle drive disk-like sample to rotate, abrasive grain With certain cutting-in radial feed, the spiral scratch to form fixed cutting-in is scratched in specimen surface.According to the revolving speed of electro spindle, match Large-sized plate-like workpiece is closed, scratching speed can be promoted to tens metre per second (m/s)s, but whole device needs are matched dedicated Equipment, it is desirable that specimen size is sufficiently large, and specimen surface flatness requirement is high.For small-sized blocky sample, scratching test is carried out It is more difficult, high scratching speed is in addition obtained, the Work piece rotary disc high speed rotation being relatively large in diameter, end face run-out is difficult to control, It therefore, to obtain stable cutting-in more difficult when high speed scratches.
In order to carry out the single abrasive particle scratching test of stable cutting-in at high speeds, this patent is proposed using using high speed Precision grinder is first roughly ground specimen surface using multilayered structure grinding wheel, accurate and polishing, bent with wheel face to obtain The identical smooth circular arc concave surface of rate then using the high speed rotary motion for the diamond penetrator installed on grinding wheel, and combines lathe Axial feed motion, can specimen surface generate stablize cutting-in scratch.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high speed single-points to scratch device, reaches turn to the height of single abrasive particle through the invention The fixation cutting-in of speed and the scratching test of fixed speed.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is:
The present invention provides a kind of high speed single-point scratch experimental rig, comprising: multilayered structure grinding wheel, high-speed plane grinding machine, Dynamometer, fixture and sample;
The high-speed plane grinding machine includes workbench and feed system, realizes workbench relative to the axial, radial of grinding wheel And tangential admission;
The multilayered structure grinding wheel is dispersed with the grinding layer of multilayer different-grain diameter, grinding layer and mill along the axial direction of grinding wheel base body It cuts and is equipped with groove between layer, 3 symmetrical threaded holes are equipped in groove, for installing diamond penetrator;The dynamometer It is fixed on the workbench of high-speed plane grinding machine;The sample is fixed on dynamometer by fixture clamping;
Specimen surface is roughly ground by the grinding layer of multilayered structure grinding wheel, accurate and polishing, to obtain and grinding wheel table The identical smooth circular arc concave surface of face curvature;By the high speed rotation and axial feed motion of grinding wheel, so that diamond penetrator is being thrown Specimen surface after light generates the scratch of fixed cutting-in;The dynamometer obtains sample scratching by signal amplification and data acquisition Force data.
In a preferred embodiment: the grinding layer is three layers, respectively coarseness grinding layer, smart granularity grinding layer and throwing Photosphere.
In a preferred embodiment: the wear particle size and material property of the grinding layer of the multilayer different-grain diameter are variable, with Obtain different degrees of specimen surface.
In a preferred embodiment: there are many angles of fixed diamond pressure head for groove, to carry out the scratching of multiple angles Test.
In a preferred embodiment: single diamond penetrator can be installed on the groove, carry out single abrasive particle scratching examination It tests;
Or more staggered diamond penetrators are installed on the groove, for scratching interference test;
Or the axial feed by grinding machine, realize that the controllable spacing of same diamond penetrator repeatedly interferes scratching to be tried It tests.
In a preferred embodiment: further include acoustic emission sensor or high-speed camera, for high speed scratching process into Row observation.
The present invention also provides the test methods of scratching device described above, include the following steps:
Step 1, multilayered structure grinding wheel is mounted on high speed grinding machine, and adjusts the dynamic balancing of grinding wheel;
Step 2, sample is fixed on dynamometer using fixture;
Step 3, dynamometer is fixed on the feeding platform of grinding machine;
Step 4, grinding machine spindle rotation drives grinding wheel rotation, and control feeding makes grinding wheel coarseness grinding layer registration coupon, right Sample carries out the corase grinding on surface, obtains the concave circular arcs face more roughly ground on surface;
Step 5, by the axial feed of grinding machine, the fine granularity grinding layer of grinding wheel is arrived in replacement, carries out essence to corase grinding arc surface Mill;
Step 6, by the axial feed of grinding machine, replacement arrives the polishing layer of grinding wheel, polishes, obtain to arc surface after fine grinding Obtain smooth circular arc concave surface identical with grinding wheel curvature;
Step 7, diamond penetrator is installed on grinding wheel, to knife after adjusting dynamic balancing, setting scratching depth and grinding wheel turn Speed so that diamond penetrator scratches the high speed of sample arc surface, by dynamometer by sample stress signal collection into computer;
Step 8, by controlling feeding grinder, pressure head is exited.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention obtains good concave circular arcs surface, cooperation using the multilayered structure grinding wheel processing of different grinding levels High speed grinding machine realizes that the single-point high speed of fixed cutting-in is non-interfering and interference scratches test, can be used to observe high speed under different cutting-ins It is accurate to stablize scratching process.
2, the present invention uses multilayered structure grinding wheel, cooperates high-precision high-speed grinding machine, fast can accurately obtain high-precision Finished surface, control to precise high-efficiency abrasive grain cutting-in and scratching speed.
3, the present invention can be used for probing into the high-speed grinding mechanism of different materials and carry out the mechanism study of high-speed cutting.
4, the present invention can be used for probing into the abrasion mechanism of abrasive grain on the tool under high-speed grinding and high-speed cutting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic that high speed single-point of the present invention scratches device;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of multilayered structure grinding wheel;
Fig. 4 1. -4. be variation schematic diagram of the sample after device is processed;
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
Shown in Figure 1, a kind of high speed single-point scratching experimental rig includes multilayered structure grinding wheel 1, high-speed plane grinding machine 2, surveys Power instrument 3, fixture 4 and sample 5.Described its feature of high-speed plane grinding machine 2 includes workbench and feed system, and workbench may be implemented Relative to grinding wheel 1 axial direction, radially and tangentially feed;The multilayered structure grinding wheel 1 it is characterized in that along grinding wheel base body 11 axis To the grinding layer for being dispersed with multilayer different-grain diameter, grinding layer is three in the present embodiment, respectively coarseness grinding layer 12, smart grain Spend grinding layer 13 and polishing layer 14.Grinding wheel 1 is mounted on grinding machine 2, may be implemented by the axial feed of grinding machine 2 to sample 5 Corase grinding, fine grinding and the polishing on surface.
It is equipped with groove between grinding layer and grinding layer, 3 symmetrical threaded holes are equipped in groove, for installing Buddha's warrior attendant Stone pressure head 15;The dynamometer 3 is fixed on the workbench of high-speed plane grinding machine 2;The sample 5 is fixed by 4 clamping of fixture In on dynamometer 3,5 surface of sample is roughly ground using multilayered structure grinding wheel 1 first, accurate and polishing, to obtain and grinding wheel 1 Diamond penetrator 15, is then mounted on the groove threaded hole of multilayered structure grinding wheel 1 by the identical smooth circular arc concave surface of surface curvature In, by the high speed rotation and axial feed motion of grinding wheel 1, so that 5 surface of sample of diamond penetrator 15 after a polish generates The scratch of fixed cutting-in.The dynamometer 3 obtains sample 5 by signal amplification and data acquisition and scratches force data.
According to actual experiment needs, the wear particle size of the grinding layer of axial multilayer different-grain diameter on multilayered structure grinding wheel 1 It can change with material property, to obtain different degrees of 5 surface of sample;It can be there are many fixed diamond pressure head 15 on groove Angle, with carry out multiple angles scratching test.
Further, scratching speed can arbitrarily select within the scope of 2 maximum speed of high speed grinding machine, and the setting for scratching depth can It is arranged by the feeding of grinding machine, the precision for scratching depth depends on the feed accuracy of high speed grinding machine 2.
Single diamond penetrator 15 can be installed on multilayered structure grinding wheel 1, carry out single abrasive particle scratching test, it is also mountable More staggered diamond penetrators 15, for scratching interference test;Or the axial feed by grinding machine 2, it can also realize same The controllable spacing of diamond penetrator 15 repeatedly interferes scratching to be tested.
Acoustic emission sensor or high-speed camera can be added according to actual needs, for carrying out to high speed scratching process Observation.
The test method of above-mentioned high speed single-point scratching experimental rig, includes the following steps:
Step 1, multilayered structure grinding wheel 1 is mounted on high speed grinding machine 2, and adjusts dynamic balancing;
Step 2, sample 5 is fixed on dynamometer 3 using fixture 4;
Step 3, dynamometer 3 is fixed on the feeding platform of grinding machine 2;
Step 4,2 main axis of grinding machine drives grinding wheel 1 to rotate, and control feeding makes the alignment examination of 1 coarseness grinding layer 12 of grinding wheel Sample 5 carries out the corase grinding on surface, the concave circular arcs face roughly ground to sample 5;
Step 5, by the axial feed of grinding machine 2, the fine granularity grinding layer 13 of grinding wheel 1 is arrived in replacement, to corase grinding arc surface into Row fine grinding;
Step 6, by the axial feed of grinding machine 2, replacement is arrived the polishing layer 14 of grinding wheel 1, is thrown to arc surface after fine grinding Light obtains smooth circular arc concave surface identical with grinding wheel curvature;
Step 7, diamond penetrator 15 is installed on grinding wheel 1, to knife, setting scratching depth and grinding wheel after adjusting dynamic balancing Revolving speed, carries out to the high speed of 5 arc surface of sample scratching, by dynamometer 3 by sample stress signal collection into computer.
Step 8, it is fed by control grinding machine 2, pressure head is exited.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, using this design carries out the present invention non- Substantive change belongs to the behavior for invading the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high speed single-point scratches experimental rig, characterized by comprising: multilayered structure grinding wheel, high-speed plane grinding machine, dynamometry Instrument, fixture and sample;
The high-speed plane grinding machine includes workbench and feed system, realizes that workbench relative to the axial of grinding wheel, radial direction and is cut To feeding;
The multilayered structure grinding wheel is dispersed with the grinding layer of multilayer different-grain diameter, grinding layer and grinding layer along the axial direction of grinding wheel base body Between be equipped with groove, 3 symmetrical threaded holes are equipped in groove, for installing diamond penetrator;The dynamometer is fixed On the workbench of high-speed plane grinding machine;The sample is fixed on dynamometer by fixture clamping;
Specimen surface is roughly ground by the grinding layer of multilayered structure grinding wheel, accurate and polishing, it is bent with wheel face to obtain The identical smooth circular arc concave surface of rate;By the high speed rotation and axial feed motion of grinding wheel, so that diamond penetrator is after a polish Specimen surface generate the scratch of fixed cutting-in;The dynamometer obtains sample by signal amplification and data acquisition and scratches power number According to.
2. a kind of high speed single-point according to claim 1 scratches device, it is characterised in that: the grinding layer is three layers, point It Wei not coarseness grinding layer, fine granularity grinding layer and polishing layer.
3. a kind of high speed single-point according to claim 1 scratches device, it is characterised in that: the mill of the multilayer different-grain diameter Wear particle size and the material property for cutting layer are variable, to obtain different degrees of specimen surface.
4. a kind of high speed single-point according to claim 1 scratches device, it is characterised in that: there are many fixed diamonds for groove The angle of pressure head, to carry out the scratching test of multiple angles.
5. a kind of high speed single-point according to claim 1 scratches device, it is characterised in that: list can be installed on the groove Diamond penetrator carries out single abrasive particle scratching test;
Or more staggered diamond penetrators are installed on the groove, for scratching interference test;
Or the axial feed by grinding machine, realize that the controllable spacing of same diamond penetrator repeatedly interferes scratching to be tested.
6. a kind of high speed single-point according to claim 1 scratches device, it is characterised in that: further include acoustic emission sensor or High-speed camera, for being observed to high speed scratching process.
7. scratching the test method of device described in a kind of any one of claim 2-6, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1, multilayered structure grinding wheel is mounted on high speed grinding machine, and adjusts the dynamic balancing of grinding wheel;
Step 2, sample is fixed on dynamometer using fixture;
Step 3, dynamometer is fixed on the feeding platform of grinding machine;
Step 4, grinding machine spindle rotation drives grinding wheel rotation, and control feeding makes grinding wheel coarseness grinding layer registration coupon, to sample The corase grinding for carrying out surface, obtains the concave circular arcs face more roughly ground on surface;
Step 5, by the axial feed of grinding machine, the fine granularity grinding layer of grinding wheel is arrived in replacement, refines to corase grinding arc surface;
Step 6, by the axial feed of grinding machine, the polishing layer of grinding wheel is arrived in replacement, polishes to arc surface after fine grinding, obtain with The identical smooth circular arc concave surface of grinding wheel curvature;
Step 7, diamond penetrator is installed on grinding wheel, to knife, setting scratching depth and grinding wheel speed after adjusting dynamic balancing, is made Diamond penetrator scratches the high speed of sample arc surface, by dynamometer by sample stress signal collection into computer;
Step 8, by controlling feeding grinder, pressure head is exited.
CN201811156693.8A 2018-09-30 2018-09-30 A kind of high speed single-point scratching experimental rig and test method Pending CN108982274A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110732952A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-31 广州市鸣雅玛丁尼乐器制造有限公司 multi-plate grinding machine for manufacturing classical guitars

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110732952A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-01-31 广州市鸣雅玛丁尼乐器制造有限公司 multi-plate grinding machine for manufacturing classical guitars

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