CN108956953B - Method for dividing lithofacies of interbalted shale bed and verification method - Google Patents
Method for dividing lithofacies of interbalted shale bed and verification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for dividing and verifying lithofacies of a shale bed of interbed shale belongs to the field of shale oil exploration geology. A rock facies partitioning method for an intersalt shale layer includes determining the bedding thickness of shale through rock core observation and optical microscope identification of the shale, determining rock mineral types of the shale through rock core analysis and determination by using whole-rock mineral analysis, determining organic matter abundance of the shale through pyrolysis organic carbon analysis, determining rock mineral volume content of the shale corresponding to the rock mineral types through whole-rock mineral analysis and under-mirror sheet observation, and partitioning the rock types of the shale according to the volume content of clastic mineral components, calcite components and dolomite components in the shale based on a four-component three-terminal-member principle classification method of the rock types. A rock facies division verification method for a salt shale bed is characterized in that natural gamma energy spectrums and conventional logging curve characteristics are utilized to verify that rocks of shale divided into the same facies have the same rock electrical characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shale oil exploration geology, in particular to a method for dividing a shale phase of a shale bed of shale between salts and a verification method.
Background
The exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources, shale oil and gas, have achieved great success in the United states and have become the hot direction and exploration field of global research at present. The observed characteristics of the shale layer such as color, components, structure, storage space and oil content show strong heterogeneity, which is mainly attributed to the characteristics of complex mineral components, fast change of lithofacies types, development of striated layers and the like. Scholars at home and abroad mainly carry out a great deal of research on the types of shale storage spaces and obtain great results, but relatively few research on shale lithofacies classification and lack of uniform classification standards and knowledge.
The stratum of the salt lake basin in the river and the Han is mainly a composite deposition product of three processes of biological deposition, mechanical deposition and chemical deposition (chemical reaction precipitation and water body concentration precipitation), and the deposition process is complex. The chemical deposition environment of the inland salt lake determines the frequent change of argillaceous dolomite in the longitudinal direction. Along with the changes of the ancient climate and the external water, the relatively desalted carbonate rock and the relatively concentrated sulfate or rock salt can be changed in a millimeter level in the longitudinal direction, and due to the frequent alternate deposition, the glauberite which structurally forms coarse grains and the argillaceous dolomite or mudstone are frequently alternated in thickness, so that a very obvious bedding is formed in structure. On the plane, the change is also regularly controlled by many factors such as the ancient terrain, the direction of the source, the deposition environment and the salinity center, but is different from the frequent change in the longitudinal direction, and generally has a gradual change relationship.
Three major minerals such as carbonate, sulfate and clastic rock are mainly developed in the salt rhythm stratum. Fine core description, a large number of slices, cathodoluminescence, X-ray diffraction energy spectrum analysis, chemical analysis and the like are adopted, and a scanning electron microscope, an electronic probe and full-rock X-ray diffraction are combined to observe the extremely development of the shale striated layer of the interbedded stratum under a mirror; besides the easy identification of salt minerals, the land-source chippings and the carbonate minerals are all in a mud crystal grade and are difficult to identify; salt minerals (mainly glauberite) have various forms and complex causes. The whole rock X-ray diffraction test result shows that the contents of three major minerals such as clastic minerals, carbonate minerals, salt minerals and the like are not more than 50 percent, and the whole rock X-ray diffraction test result is difficult to name.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for dividing a rock phase of a shale bed of salt-intermediate shale, and provides a dividing method for shale.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for verifying a lithofacies of a shale layer between salts, which verifies that the rocks of shale with the same lithofacies have the same characteristics, thereby determining the scientificity of the partitioning method.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a method for dividing lithofacies of a shale layer between salts, which comprises the following steps:
determining the bedding thickness of the shale through core observation and optical microscope identification of the shale, and determining the macroscopic structure type of the shale according to whether the bedding thickness exceeds 10cm or not;
determining the rock mineral type of the shale by utilizing a full-rock mineral analysis and measurement rock core;
determining organic matter abundance of an organic matter phase of the shale through pyrolytic organic carbon analysis;
determining rock mineral volume content of the shale corresponding to the rock mineral type using whole rock mineral analysis in combination with under-mirror sheet observation;
the classification method is based on a rock type 'four-component three-end-member' principle, and is characterized in that the rock type of the mud shale is divided according to the volume contents of clastic mineral components, calcite components and dolomite components in the mud shale, wherein the four components are clastic minerals, calcite, dolomite and organic matter components, and the three-end-members are clastic minerals, calcite and dolomite;
the lithofacies of the shale are divided by adopting a rock component-bedding structure-organic matter combination method, wherein the rock component comprises a rock mineral type and rock mineral volume content corresponding to the rock mineral type.
The invention provides a method for verifying lithofacies division of a salt-intermediate shale bed system.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for dividing the lithofacies of the shale interbedded salt bed, a large amount of literature investigation, rock core observation and experimental research are carried out, and mineral components, bedding structure, organic matter content and the like are used as main basis for lithofacies naming. Compared with the prior art, the content of the mineral components of the rock of the salt-space stratum does not exceed 50 percent, and the land-source debris and the carbonate minerals except the salt minerals are difficult to identify under a mirror. The conventional technical means has difficulty in rock naming and lithofacies division of the saline stratum. The invention adopts a method of combining core macroscopic structure, organic matter content and rock type, and establishes a comprehensive rock phase division scheme of a shale bed series of shale in a salt lake basin by taking four-component three-end members as a classification principle according to an unconventional oil and gas geology, development and engineering integrated thought. Compared with the exploration result, the prediction result of the method has higher lithofacies prediction precision and strong field practicability.
According to the method for verifying the lithofacies division of the salt-interlayer shale bed series, the natural gamma energy spectrum, the conventional logging curve and the like are combined to identify the lithofacies of the salt-interlayer, and the rocks of the shale with the same lithofacies are verified to have the same characteristics, so that the scientificity of the dividing method is determined.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a classification of cause of a triangular structure of rocks and marbled limestone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a facies nomenclature provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a King 99 well submersible 3 provided by the embodiment of the invention4-10 a prosodic core;
FIG. 4 is a bonding structure of Wang 4 inclined 7-7 well (1775.38m) SEM (scanning Electron microscope) algae provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a Wang 4 oblique 7-7 well (1770.24m) scanning electron microscope dolomite crystal provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 shows the data of Wang 99 well (1780.93m) land-source debris slice provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the volcanic debris sheet data of Wang 99 well (1678.86m) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the present invention, which provides Wang 99 well (1676.2m) authigenic clay minerals;
FIG. 9 is a graph of Wang 4X7-7 well (1774m) volcaniclastic zeolite provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view of the 4x7-7 well (1772.51m) silicious bio-clast layer provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows a Wang 4x7-7 well (1772.51m) siliceous mineral provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows a view of a submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 rhythm rock core glauber salt filling argillaceous dolomitic rock cracks;
fig. 13 is a variegated glauberite-filled argillaceous mudstone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a king 99 well 1691.8m core provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 shows a King 99 well submersible 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention4-10 prosodic sedimentary facies histograms;
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a6 is Wang 99 well diving 3 provided by the embodiment of the invention4-10 today's lithofacies partitioning histogram;
FIG. 17 shows a King 99 well submersible 3 provided by an embodiment of the present invention4-10 log interpretation maps;
FIG. 18 shows a clamshell 7 well submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 prosodic core data;
FIG. 19 shows a clamshell 7 well submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 data of a scanning electron microscope of rhythm;
FIG. 20 shows a clamshell 7 well submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 prosodic depositional lithofacies compartmentalization histograms;
FIG. 21 shows a clamshell 7 well submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 prosodic present lithofacies partition histograms;
FIG. 22 shows a clamshell 7 well submersible 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention4-10 well log interpretation maps.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
At present, the shale classification method based on main mineral components is widely applied, a graphical method taking carbonate minerals, long-grained quartz minerals and clay minerals as three-terminal elements is adopted, and the internal subdivision naming adopts a three-stage naming principle. The naming method is as follows: all shale and layered limestone are considered to be composed of 3 basic units, namely a cryptocrystalline carbonate layer, a clay layer, an organic matter rich layer and the like, but the combination mode, the proportion and the stability of the layers are different in different shales. Therefore, the triangular classification diagram can be applied to cause classification of the shale. The classification chart mainly determines the rock types according to the proportion of different types of streaks in the shale, as shown in fig. 1.
In practice, the inventors found that the classification scheme has problems: the classification scheme neglects the function of organic matter components in dividing shale phases; the meaning and use of the shale are not known uniformly in the sedimentary theory, and concepts such as mudstone, shale, claystone and the like are overlapped and mixed or often used; thirdly, rock structure characteristics are not considered during lithofacies classification; fourthly, some terms, such as oil shale, cannot be easily discarded due to frequent use and regional convention; the method usually determines the main name of the rock with 50% as a boundary. But the shale series has amalgamated rocks in which the content of each component (such as clay mineral, silty sand, calcareous) constituting the shale does not exceed 50%, which brings about naming difficulty.
The following describes a method for dividing a petrographic phase of a shale layer between salts and a verification method of the shale layer between salts in an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing lithofacies of a shale layer between salts, wherein the lithofacies of shale comprises a bedding type, a carbon-containing type and a rock type, and as shown in figure 2, the dividing method mainly comprises the following steps:
1. macrostructure determination
(1) Determining the thickness of the layer: the lithology, color, structure, sedimentary structure, crack, oil-gas containing property and the like of the core of the shale are observed, the rock bedding of the salt stratum develops extremely, and mainly takes a horizontal stripe layer as a main part. Glauberite mainly develops at the lower part of the salt interlayer and is filled in the secondary cracks;
determining the bedding thickness of the shale through core observation and optical microscope identification of the shale, and determining the macroscopic structure type of the shale according to whether the bedding thickness exceeds 10cm or not;
the layer thickness is the cord layer spacing, and the layer type includes: the block-shaped structure comprises blocks with the grain layer spacing larger than 10cm, layers with the grain layer spacing of 1-10 cm and layers with the grain layer spacing of 0.1-1 cm.
(2) Determining the rock mineral type: determining the rock mineral type of the shale by utilizing a full-rock mineral analysis and measurement rock core;
the shale of the salt-space stratum mainly develops into three main minerals of carbonate, sulfate and clastic rock, wherein the carbonate mineral mainly comprises calcite and dolomite, the sulfate mineral mainly comprises glauberite, gypsum and anhydrite, and the clastic rock mineral mainly comprises clay, quartz, potash feldspar and plagioclase;
in an embodiment of the invention, the shale is subjected to whole-rock mineral analysis by using a whole-rock X-ray diffraction testing technology.
2. Organic matter abundance determination
And (4) determining the organic matter abundance of the shale through the analysis of the pyrolytic organic carbon, wherein the organic matter abundance is the organic matter content. Exploration and research results show that in the inter-salt shale of the depressed submarine group in the Yangtze river in the basin of the Jianghan, the organic matter content of the dominant hydrocarbon source rock is generally more than or equal to 2 percent;
shale is divided into three broad categories according to which the carbonaceous types include: carbon-rich substances with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 2%, carbon-containing substances with the organic matter content of 0.5-2%, and carbon-poor substances with the organic matter content of less than 0.5%;
in the embodiment of the invention, a pyrolyser is used for carrying out pyrolysis organic carbon analysis on the shale.
3. Rock mineral composition determination
Determining the rock mineral volume content of the shale corresponding to the rock mineral type by using whole rock mineral analysis and under-mirror sheet observation, and obtaining the volume content of a clastic component, a calcite component and a dolomite component;
the rock types comprise gray shale, cloud shale and argillaceous dolomitic which divide the mud shale according to the volume contents of clastic mineral components, calcite components and dolomite components in the mud shale;
in the embodiment of the invention, sampling is carried out at a sampling density of 3-8 cm, and the rock mineral volume content of the shale corresponding to the rock mineral type is determined by using a whole-rock X-ray diffraction testing technology and under-mirror sheet observation.
4. Lithofacies division
The classification method is based on a rock type 'four-component three-end-member' principle, and is characterized in that the rock type of the mud shale is divided according to the volume contents of clastic mineral components, calcite components and dolomite components in the mud shale, wherein the four components are clastic minerals, calcite, dolomite and organic matter components, and the three-end-members are clastic minerals, calcite and dolomite;
the lithofacies of the shale are divided by adopting a rock component-bedding structure-organic matter combination method, wherein the rock component comprises a rock mineral type and rock mineral volume content corresponding to the rock mineral type. The secondary lithofacies are reflected in a decorated form according to the occurrence and quantity of secondary minerals.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a verification method for dividing the lithofacies of the salt-interbed shale bed, and after the shale is divided according to the method for dividing the lithofacies of the salt-interbed shale bed, the natural gamma energy spectrum and the conventional logging curve characteristics are utilized to verify that the rocks of the shale divided into the same lithofacies have the same rock-electricity characteristics.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing lithofacies of a shale layer between salts and a verification method.
King 99 well and 4-oblique 7-7 well block Eq3 of development well in King area of sinking river in the basin of the river-Han dynasty4The method is applied to the division of 10-prosodic salt interbed shale bed lithofacies. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
1. macrostructure determination
Utilizing exploration well king 99 well and development well king 4 inclined 7-7 well opposite potential 3410 rhythms for coring, the coring footage being 16.83m and 17.83m, respectively. The top and bottom of the casing are rock salt layers, and the middle is an organic cloud/lime mud rich shale layer. The core developed in page on a macroscopic scale, the core was substantially flaky, and the lamella perpendicular to the bedding plane showed that the salt interbedded lamella had developed very well, with the thinnest thickness less than 1mm, as shown in fig. 3. Through the King 99 wells 34-10 rhythm 7m core fine description, lamellar pervasive development, 1384 pieces of co-developed streaks. Traditional lithofacies analysis is mainly based on core description and slice identification, and the lithology cannot be accurately determined by the conventional method for fine grain deposition among salts except for striae and secondary filling minerals.
According to the x-diffraction analysis of the whole rock, the deposited mineral components among the salts are found to be complex; hand specimen, slice and SEM analysis show that carbonate mineral and clastic mineral indicating fine grain deposition among salts have multiple causes, and glauberite mineral is mostly crack secondary filling. Through the observation of a scanning electron microscope under a mirror, the chemical deposition minerals in the shale stratum between salts are closely related to the biological action, the cryptocrystalline calcite generally has an algae bonding structure, and the quasi-synbiotic microcrystalline dolomite crystals have the directional arrangement characteristic, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
99 wells via king 34Under the observation of a 10-rhythm sample, the clastic mineral mainly has two sources, namely, the land-source clastic mineral and the volcanic debris, the land-source clastic mineral is generally characterized by high roundness, and the volcanic debris with various sizes is distributed in a bedding manner, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
The clay minerals also had two sources by scanning electron microscopy, one was a rock matrix formed by authigenic clay minerals and one was a pyroclastic zeolite, which was observed to have a large number of pores throughout, as shown in figures 8 and 9.
Under the observation of the microscope, the siliceous mineral has two causes, namely the siliceous mineral formed by the quasi-contemporaneous intercourse of the siliceous bioclastic layer and the cyanobacterial rubber sheath in the dolomitic shale, as shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11.
Hand specimen, slice and SEM analysis indicate that glauberite in the salt stratum is mostly secondary crack filling, and glauberite is mostly pulse-shaped or spot-shaped crack filling observed on the rock core and is filled at the bottom of the salt stratum. The cracks are cemented by quartz firstly under the observation of the mirror, glauberite grows to the middle from the upper and lower directions of the cracks, the closed part is provided with the cracks, and a small amount of clay mineral, quartz and crude oil are filled in the cracks, as shown in figures 12 and 13.
2. Organic matter abundance determination
For example, a sample of Wang 99 well 1691.8m streaks is shown in FIG. 14. The TOC of the mineral with the number 1 cord layer is 5.04%; the TOC of the layer 2 mineral was 4.92%; the TOC of the cord layer No. 3 mineral was 5.3%.
3. Rock mineral composition determination
For example, a Wang 99 well 1691.8m stripe sample is shown in FIG. 14. The No. 1 line layer mineral components are 39.29 percent of dolomite, 52.38 percent of clastic mineral and 8.33 percent of calcite respectively; the No. 2 grained layer mineral components are 25.30 percent of dolomite, 62.65 percent of clastic mineral and 12.05 percent of calcite respectively; the mineral components of No. 3 grain layer are dolomite 53.41%, clastic mineral 40.91% and calcite 5.68%.
4. Lithofacies division
Pao wang 99 well latency 34The method is characterized in that the statistics is carried out on the mineral components of the-10 rhythm, and the mineral components are divided according to three types of rocks such as clastic minerals, calcite and dolomite, and mainly include grey mudstone, cloud mudstone and argillaceous dolomite. According to the name definition principle, a rock core of 9m is mainly divided into three lithofacies, the most is a carbon-rich streak lamellar argillaceous lithofacies which is 4.8m in total and accounts for 53% of a stratum between salts, the next is a carbon-rich streak lamellar argillaceous dolomite lithofacies which is 2.6m in total and accounts for 29% of the stratum between salts, and the least is a carbon-rich streak lamellar gray argillaceous lithofacies which is 1.6m in total and accounts for 18% of the stratum between salts, as shown in fig. 15.
The sedimentary minerals and the secondary minerals are combined to comprehensively divide the lithofacies of the salt-space stratum, and the lamella-shaped cloud argillaceous rocks at the bottom of the salt-space stratum are mainly filled with the glauberite lithofacies for the second time, so that the lithogenic facies are divided into four types, namely a carbon-rich lamella-shaped argillaceous dolomite lithofacies, a carbon-rich lamella-shaped argillaceous lithofacies, a carbon-rich lamella-shaped gray argillaceous lithofacies and a carbon-rich calcium-filled lamella-shaped argillaceous lithofacies, as shown in fig. 16.
5. Logging response feature verification
And analyzing research results, natural gamma energy spectrums and conventional curve characteristics by comprehensive experiments to divide lithology. Diving 34The lithology of-10 prosody is divided into three segments from top to bottom: carbon-rich streak lamellar argillaceous dolomitic lithofacies, carbon-rich streak lamellar cloud/gray matter argillaceous lithofacies, and carbon-rich glauberite filling streak lamellar cloud argillaceous lithofacies. As shown in fig. 17, the rock electricity characteristics are mainly characterized as follows:
salt-rock phase-low natural gamma, low density, low acoustic wave, high deep induction resistivity;
the carbon-rich veined argillaceous dolomitic lithofacies have high natural gamma, high acoustic wave, high deep induction resistivity and low thorium-uranium ratio;
carbon-rich lamellar cloud/gray mud lithofacies-medium natural gamma, medium density, high acoustic wave, medium thorium-to-uranium ratio;
the glauberite filling grain-layered cloud mud-rock phase-medium natural gamma, high density, medium acoustic wave, low deep induction resistivity and low thorium-uranium ratio.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing lithofacies of a shale layer between salts and a verification method.
In the river-Han basin, sunken river, mussel and lake are inclined 7 wells Eq3 towards the north slope mussel4-10 application in the division of the prosodic salt shale bed lithofacies. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
1. macrostructure determination
Clam 7 wells submersible 3410 prosodic coring footage 19.89m, heart length 19.5m, as shown in FIG. 18. The 10-rhythm rock core observation has the advantages that the upper part of the 10-rhythm rock core observation is a 15-meter thick salt layer, the thickness of the salt interlayer is 15 meters, the salt interlayer mainly comprises argillaceous dolomite and cloud/gray matter mudstone, the rock formation effect is strong when the rock core is observed by naked eyes, and the glauber salt mudstone is mainly developed at the lower part.
Scope observation mussel inclined 7-well submersible 34-10 rhythm thin slice data, as shown in fig. 19, the land-sourced detritus mainly comprises quartz and feldspar, and is mostly in a sub-prismatic-sub-circular shape, glauberite is in layer enrichment, and the rock has obvious striated layer structure.
2. Organic matter abundance determination
Clam 7 wells submersible 34The TOC of-10 tope minerals was 1.63%, 1.86% and 2.60% from bottom to top.
3. Rock mineral composition determination
Obtaining latent 3 by using whole-rock X-ray diffraction testing technology4-10 rhythm rock mineral data, the mineral components of which mainly comprise crumbles, carbonates and sulfate minerals, wherein the quartz plus feldspar content is 16.45%, the clay mineral is 28.36%, the calcite is 18.02%, the dolomite is 23.50%, the sulfate is 7.31%, the salt is 0.41%, and the siderite and the pyroxene are 0.55%.
4. Dividing lithofacies
Clam 7 wells submersible 34The-10 rhythm mainly develops carbon-rich striated laminar gray mud lithofacies, carbon-containing lumpy cloud-gray mud lithofacies and carbon-containing lumpy cloud mud lithofacies. Dividing the 15.72m core into three types of lithofacies according to the above-mentioned naming principle, as shown in FIG. 20, from bottom to topIs carbonaceous lumpy cloud-containing argillaceous lithofacies, carbonaceous lumpy cloud-argillaceous lithofacies, and carbonaceous streak-rich laminar argillaceous lithofacies.
The sedimentary minerals and the secondary minerals are combined to comprehensively divide the lithofacies of the interbalted stratum, the carbon-containing blocky cloud shale at the top and the bottom of the interbalted stratum is mainly filled with the glauberite lithofacies for the secondary, so the lithofacies are divided into three categories, as shown in fig. 21, and the carbon-containing glauberite filled blocky cloud shale facies (2.64m), the carbon-containing blocky cloud-gray mud shale facies (9.96m), the carbon-rich striated gray mud shale facies (2.56m) and the carbon-containing glauberite filled blocky cloud shale facies (0.56m) are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. Wherein the carbon-containing blocky cloud-grey shale phase accounts for 63.4 percent of the stratum, the carbon-containing glauberite filling blocky cloud shale phase accounts for 16.79 percent of the thickness of the floor, and the carbon-rich streak-like grey shale phase accounts for 16.27 percent of the thickness of the floor.
5. Logging response feature verification
And analyzing research results and dividing lithology by conventional curve characteristics through comprehensive experiments. Clam 7 well submersible 34The lithology of-10 prosody can be divided into three segments from bottom to top: carbon-rich streak lamellar gray mud rock, carbon-containing blocky cloud-gray mud lithofacies, and carbon-containing glauberite filling blocky cloud mud lithofacies. As shown in fig. 22, the rock electricity characteristics are mainly characterized as follows:
salt rock-low natural gamma, low density, low acoustic;
carbon-rich streak laminar gray matter lithofacies-medium natural gamma, medium density, medium sound wave;
carbonaceous blocky cloud/grey matter mud lithofacies-medium and high natural gamma, medium density and medium sound waves;
the carbon-calcium-containing mirabilite is filled with blocky cloud shale phases, namely medium natural gamma, medium and high density and low sound waves.
In summary, according to the method for dividing the lithofacies of the shale interbed salt bed, provided by the embodiment of the invention, a large amount of literature research, core observation and experimental research are carried out, and mineral components, bedding structure, organic matter content and the like are taken as main basis for rock facies naming. Compared with the prior art, the content of the mineral components of the rock of the salt-space stratum does not exceed 50 percent, and the land-source debris and the carbonate minerals except the salt minerals are difficult to identify under a mirror. The conventional technical means has difficulty in rock naming and lithofacies division of the saline stratum. The invention adopts a method of combining core macroscopic structure, organic matter content and rock type, and establishes a comprehensive rock phase division scheme of a shale bed series of shale in a salt lake basin by taking four-component three-end members as a classification principle according to an unconventional oil and gas geology, development and engineering integrated thought.
Because the volume contents of the organic matter, the clastic component, the calcite component and the dolomite component respectively represent the biological deposition effect, the mechanical deposition effect and the chemical deposition effect in the forming process of the shale, the shale named by the four-component three-end-member classification method has the causal significance and also reflects the characteristics of complex main components in the shale. T system
The scheme is utilized to realize the division of 10 multi-well 5 rhythm-layer salt-interlayer shale bed lithofacies for the oil exploration of the salt-interlayer shale between the sunken river-submergence groups in the basin of the Jianghuang and Han provinces in China, wherein the current lithofacies in the Queen field are divided into four categories, namely a carbon-rich striation argillaceous dolomite lithofacies, a carbon-rich striation argillaceous shale facies, a carbon-rich striation grey argillaceous lithofacies and a carbon-rich mirabilite filling striation argillaceous lithofacies; the submerged river depressed mussel lake is divided into three major categories towards the current lithofacies of the inclined north slope: the carbon-calcium-containing mirabilite is filled with blocky cloud mud lithofacies, carbon-containing blocky cloud-gray mud lithofacies and carbon-rich streak-layer gray mud lithofacies. Comprehensive comparative evaluation is carried out on the shale oil forming basic conditions of different rock phase types by technical methods such as organic geochemistry, mercury intrusion-adsorption combined determination, pulse permeability, nano CT, X-ray diffraction mineral composition, oil-containing property test and the like. The conclusion is that: the carbonaceous grained argillaceous dolomitic lithofacies have the characteristics of good hydrocarbon source condition, superior storage condition, high oil content and the like, and are the most favorable lithofacies for oil-gas exploration and development. Compared with the exploration result, the prediction result of the method has the relative error less than 20 percent, and has higher lithofacies prediction precision and strong field practicability.
According to the method for verifying the lithofacies division of the salt-interlayer shale bed series, the natural gamma energy spectrum, the conventional logging curve and the like are combined to identify the lithofacies of the salt-interlayer, and the rocks of the shale with the same lithofacies are verified to have the same characteristics, so that the scientificity of the dividing method is determined.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for dividing a rock phase of a shale bed of interbed salt, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the bedding thickness of the shale through core observation and optical microscope identification of the shale, dividing the bedding structure of the shale according to whether the bedding thickness exceeds 10cm, and determining the macroscopic structure type of the shale;
determining the rock mineral type of the shale by utilizing the rock mineral analysis and measurement of the rock core;
determining organic matter abundance of an organic matter phase of the shale by pyrolytic organic carbon analysis;
determining a rock mineral volume content of the shale rock corresponding to the rock mineral type using whole rock mineral analysis in combination with under-mirror sheet observation;
dividing the rock type of the mud shale according to the volume contents of clastic mineral components, calcite components and dolomite components in the mud shale based on a rock type four-component three-end-member principle classification method, wherein the four components are clastic minerals, calcite, dolomite and organic matter components, and the three end-members are clastic minerals, calcite and dolomite;
dividing the lithofacies of the shale by adopting a rock component-bedding structure-organic matter combination method, wherein the rock component comprises a rock mineral type and a rock mineral volume content corresponding to the rock mineral type;
the lithofacies of the shale include bedding types, the bedding thickness is the cord bed spacing, the bedding types include: the spacing between the grain layers is larger than 10cm, the spacing between the grain layers is 1-10 cm, and the spacing between the grain layers is 0.1-1 cm;
the lithofacies of the shale include carbonaceous types, the organic matter abundance being an organic matter content, the carbonaceous types including: carbon-rich substances with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 2 percent, carbon-containing substances with the organic matter content of 0.5-2 percent and carbon-poor substances with the organic matter content of less than 0.5 percent;
the lithofacies of the shale include rock types including limestone, argillaceous mudstone, and argillaceous dolomitic mudstone that separate the shale according to the volume content of the clastic mineral component, the calcite component, and the dolomite component in the shale.
2. The method of lithofacies partitioning of a salt shale layer of claim 1, wherein the rock mineral types of the shale primarily include carbonate, sulfate, and clastic minerals.
3. The method of lithofacies division of a salt-interbedded shale layer of claim 2, wherein the carbonate minerals comprise primarily calcite and dolomite, the sulfate minerals comprise primarily glauberite, gypsum and anhydrite, and the clastic rock minerals comprise primarily clay, quartz, potash feldspar and plagioclase.
4. The method of stratigraphic lithofacies division of interbedded shale of claim 1, wherein the shale is subjected to the whole-rock mineral analysis using a whole-rock X-ray diffraction testing technique.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the shale is subjected to the pyrolytic organic carbon analysis using a pyrolyser.
6. The method for lithofacies division of a salt-interbedded shale layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rock mineral volume content corresponding to the rock mineral type of the shale determined by the whole-rock mineral analysis in combination with the observation of the under-mirror thin slices is sampled at a sampling density of 3-8 cm.
7. A method for verifying lithofacies division of a salt-interbed shale bed, which is characterized in that after the shale is divided according to the method for verifying lithofacies division of the salt-interbed shale bed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the rocks of the shale divided into the same lithofacies are verified to have the same rock-electricity characteristics by using a natural gamma energy spectrum and a conventional logging curve characteristic.
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| CN111368857B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2023-04-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Classification method of shale |
| CN111665272A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-15 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Reservoir physical property evaluation method and device based on triangular evaluation chart |
| CN110189353B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-01-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Calibration method and system for shale energy spectrum mineral distribution diagram |
| CN111090128A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-05-01 | 成都理工大学 | Method for distinguishing lithology of northward volcaniclastic rock and clastic rock according to logging response |
| CN110965999B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Shale oil dominant lithology fine identification method |
| CN111999324B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2024-01-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Lithology and lithofacies identification method for four-terminal-element body of mixed-accumulation fine-grained sedimentary rock |
| CN115324568A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Logging method for quantitatively judging lake facies shale oil and rock facies |
| CN113533395B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-04-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for dividing effective lithofacies types of carbonate rock interlayer type shale layer |
| CN113669055B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-03 | 长江大学 | Clastic rock reservoir classification evaluation method |
| CN114428358B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-08-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Isochronous stratigraphic division method based on geological-geophysical analysis |
| CN114137011B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-05-14 | 西南石油大学 | Reconstruction method for multi-stage diagenetic process of ancient deep dolomite |
| CN114859009A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-08-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Shale lithofacies division method and device based on rock macro-micro characteristics |
| CN115684554B (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-08-11 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Four-terminal-element lithofacies division method, system and medium for organic-matter-rich shale |
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