CN110965999B - Shale oil dominant lithology fine identification method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fine identification method for dominant lithology of shale oil, which is characterized in that three main mineral components are selected to establish a chart according to mineral X-ray diffraction component data of shale interval rock debris or a core sample, so that fine division of lithology of shale is realized; establishing a shale stratum dominant lithology division standard according to gas logging parameters, rock pyrolysis analysis and brittleness index data; according to the method, the lithology is distinguished by utilizing the X-ray diffraction mineral composition data to establish a chart, and the dominant lithology of the shale stratum is judged by combining gas logging parameters, rock pyrolysis analysis and brittleness index data, so that the problem that the lithology of shale oil is not well known is solved, the lithology can be accurately identified, the dominant lithology data in the lithology is provided for oil testing and layer selection, the engineering service requirement is met, and a reliable basis is provided for efficient development of oil and gas resources of the shale stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an unconventional oil and gas exploration and development technology, in particular to a shale oil dominant lithology fine identification method.
Background
At present, a plurality of logging lithology identification methods play an important role in rock naming and geological stratification, but some methods are manual macroscopic identification or microscopic identification under a mirror, and pure mineral component identification can hardly meet the requirement of fine identification of the lithology of shale strata, so that shale oil lithology classification is not qualified and not accurate in naming.
The advantage lithology in the shale stratum refers to the lithology which has better oil gas display, richer organic matter and mobile hydrocarbon content, better reservoir quality and more brittle mineral content and is easier to perform fracturing engineering transformation, and is a key factor for determining the shale oil productivity in the exploration and development process, so that how to provide real and reliable lithology naming data and how to accurately identify the advantage lithology in the lithology under the fine classification so as to meet the requirement of evaluating and selecting layers of shale oil reservoirs, improve the shale stratum exploration and development effect in the layer selection of test oil fracturing engineering transformation and have important significance for unconventional oil gas exploration and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of firstly providing a fine identification method of shale oil dominant lithology, realizing fine identification of shale stratum lithology according to a shale lithology fine classification chart, establishing a dominant lithology division standard according to gas logging parameters, rock pyrolysis analysis data and brittleness index BI data, determining the dominant lithology of the shale stratum, and providing a reliable lithology basis for testing oil and selecting layers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a shale oil dominant lithology fine identification method comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data of shale stratum debris or a rock core sample, and screening data of ore components of sandstone, carbonate and mudstone rocks more than 25%;
wherein the sandstone, carbonate and mudstone comprise the following mineral components:
sandstone%
Carbonate rock% + calcite% + dolomite% + iron dolomite%
Clay and rock content%
Secondly, establishing a lithologic fine classification chart of the shale class
(1) The method comprises the steps of obtaining data of screened sandstone, carbonate and mudstone which respectively represent three series end members of a triangular chart, wherein an X end member is sandstone, a Y end member is mudstone, and a Z end member is carbonate;
(2) three variables X, Y, Z are transformed into a two-dimensional triangular coordinate through coordinate transformation, the positions of various lithologies in the graph are found out according to the region of the calculated result, and the junction point is obviously divided into four intervals on the plate and respectively represents four lithologies: feldspathic shale, dolomic shale, clayey shale, mixed shale;
thirdly, establishing a dominant lithology division standard according to the gas logging parameters, the rock pyrolysis analysis data and the brittleness index BI data, wherein
(1) Obtaining gas survey total hydrocarbon value, C1% value
Wherein C is1The% is calculated as follows:
C1％＝C1component concentration/(C)1Component concentration + C2Component concentration + C3Component concentration + iC4Component concentration + nC4Component concentration + iC5Component concentration + nC5The component concentration) is 100 percent
(2) Obtaining rock pyrolysis analysis data S1+ S2, TOC, S1/TOC value
(3) Calculating the brittleness index BI value according to X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: BI-friability index%;
v-percentage of minerals,% VFeldspar＝VPotassium feldspar+VPlagioclase feldspar；VDolomite＝VDolomite+VIron dolomite
For clay shale, the clay shale is directly defined as non-dominant lithology because of the hydrocarbon generation in the shale stratum, and the lithology division standard is as follows:
in the second step, dividing lithology types of the shale according to data of more than 25% of rock mineral components of sandstone, carbonate and mudstone X-ray diffraction total rock analysis, wherein an intersection point is positioned in a sandstone zone and is named as long-grained shale, an intersection point is positioned in a carbonate zone and is named as cloud gray shale, an intersection point is positioned in a mudstone zone and is named as clay shale, and an intersection point is positioned in an intersection zone of the three zones and is named as mixed shale.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of conducting fine identification on lithology of a shale stratum, establishing a dominant lithology division standard in the lithology identification, determining the dominant lithology of the shale stratum, providing dominant lithology naming data with the highest reference value for a construction party for testing oil fracturing layer selection, and serving as technical support for improving overall benefits of shale oil exploration and development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fine shale oil lithology identification method of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a shale oil dominance identification method for a lower section of well sand with a round concave R11.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in FIG. 1, the fine identification method for the advantageous lithology of shale oil comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data of shale stratum debris or a rock core sample, and screening data of ore components of sands, carbonates and mudstones which are more than 25%;
the X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis (XRD) is a quantitative analysis method for obtaining the mineral composition of a sample and calculating the content of the mineral composition according to the characteristic diffraction patterns of different minerals and the principle of the proportional relation between the mineral content and the diffraction peak intensity of the mineral composition, can identify various mineral components, and can calculate the percentage content of the mineral according to the intensity of the characteristic peaks of the mineral in the measured sample;
the main mineral components analyzed are mudstone: clay minerals; sandstone: quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar; carbonate rocks including calcite, dolomite, and iron dolomite; and other various authigenic minerals: pyrite, siderite, thenardite, glauberite, analcite, magnesite, ilmenite and magnetite, wherein the mineral compositions in different deposition environments of different regions have certain differences, but the minerals mainly comprise sandstone, carbonate and mudstone and account for more than 90 percent of the total content;
wherein, the sandstone, carbonate and mudstone comprise the following mineral compositions:
(1) sandstone%
(2) Carbonate rock% + calcite% + dolomite% + iron dolomite%
(3) Clay and rock content%
Wherein, the data of the mineral components of the screened rock of more than 25 percent is that the rock name is determined according to the ore component content of more than 50 percent of the rock of 'shale oil rock naming and oil-containing grade division' 3.3.2 enterprise standard Q/SYBHZ 0466-2018 of Bohai sea drilling engineering company, the mineral component is determined as 'quality' between 25 percent and 50 percent, and the rock naming is not participated when the mineral content is generally 10 percent to 25 percent;
second step, establishing a lithologic fine classification chart of shale
(1) The data of the first step of screening sandstone, carbonate and mudstone respectively represent 3 series end members of a triangular chart, wherein the X end member is sandstone, the Y end member is mudstone, and the Z end member is carbonate
(2) Transforming X, Y, Z three variables to a Scatter diagram (ScatterChart) of a two-dimensional coordinate (ScatterX, ScatterY) system through coordinate transformation, then drawing the Scatter diagram (ScatterChart) into a triangular diagram, finding out the positions of various lithologies in the diagram according to the area of a calculated result, as shown in Table 1, wherein an intersection point is obviously divided into four intervals on the diagram, and the four intervals respectively represent four lithologies: different lithologies are represented by different symbols, an intersection point is positioned in a sandstone partition I and is named as long-quartz shale, and a data sample point is represented by □; the junction is located in carbonate compartment II and is named as cloud gray shale, and a data sample point is denoted by diamond; the intersection point is positioned in a mudstone partition III and named as clay shale, and the data sample point is represented by delta; the junction point is positioned in a junction area IV of the three parts, the junction area is named as mixed shale, data sample points are expressed by x, a shale fine classification plate is formed, and fine classification of lithology of shale is realized, as shown in figure 1;
wherein, X is sandstone; y is mudstone; z ═ carbonate rock class%
The two-dimensional coordinates Scatterx and Scattery in the scatter diagram are converted into the following formulas:
ScatterX＝(100-20000*Y/(X+Y+Z)/(100*Y/(X+Y+Z)+100*Z/(X+Y+Z)))*(100-100*X/(X+Y+Z))/100
TABLE 1
Thirdly, establishing an advantageous lithology division standard according to the gas logging parameters, the rock pyrolysis analysis data and the brittleness index BI data;
the method comprises the steps of determining the advantageous lithology of the shale stratum according to the division of a total hydrocarbon value, a methane value, an organic matter content (TOC), a sum of generated and potential hydrocarbon amounts (S1 + S2), a movable hydrocarbon content (S1/TOC) and a Brittleness Index (BI) of the shale stratum, wherein the shale stratum has certain oil and gas content and hydrocarbon generation capacity and is high in brittleness index and easy to develop;
(1) obtaining gas survey total hydrocarbon value, C1% value
Wherein, the gas measurement is carried out on the total hydrocarbon value and the methane value C1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
the gas logging instrument can measure the total concentration of hydrocarbon gas and the hydrocarbon component C in gas state at normal temperature1、C2、C3、iC4、nC4、iC5、nC5The concentration, the gas-measuring total hydrocarbon value is the total concentration of the hydrocarbon gas;
C1＝C1/(C1+C2+C3+iC4+nC4+iC5+nC5) X 100% unit: is based on
(2) Obtaining rock pyrolysis analysis data S1+ S2, TOC, S1/TOC value
The calculation formulas of rock pyrolysis analysis data TOC, S1+ S2 and S1/TOC are as follows:
TOC total organic carbon content (%): the mass of organic carbon elements in the rock accounts for the mass percentage of the rock, the TOC organic carbon content represents the content of organic matters in the shale, and the higher the TOC content is, the stronger the oil gas generating capacity of the shale stratum is;
s1 content of free hydrocarbons (mg/g): liquid hydrocarbon content per unit mass of petroliferous rock measured at 300 deg.C
S2 kerogen-containing amount (mg/g): representing the amount of kerogen heated to pyrolysis in a unit mass of petrolite measured at 300 ℃ -600 ℃
S1+ S2 hydrocarbon potential (mg/g): including the sum of the amount of hydrocarbons already produced and potentially produced in the source rock, a higher value of S1+ S1 indicates a higher organic content of the shale formation, more oil and gas production;
S1/TOC shale oil productivity (mg/g TOC): the higher the content of the movable hydrocarbon in the shale and the S1/TOC value is, the higher the content of the movable hydrocarbon in the shale formation is, and the more oil and gas can be produced;
the S1/TOC calculation formula is as follows:
S1/TOC(mg/g TOC)＝S1(mg/g)×100/TOC
(3) obtaining brittleness index BI value from X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data
Wherein, the calculation formula of the brittleness index BI value is as follows:
the brittleness index BI is calculated by X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data, the content of quartz, feldspar and calcite brittle minerals in the shale is higher, the rock brittleness is stronger, natural cracks and induced cracks are easy to form under the action of external force, and shale oil exploitation is facilitated, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: BI-friability index%;
v is the percentage of mineral content,
Vfeldspar＝VPotassium feldspar+VPlagioclase feldspar；
VDolomite＝VDolomite+VIron dolomite
(4) Measuring total hydrocarbon value, C, according to the obtained gas1Establishing a dominant lithology division standard for the lithology type of the shale obtained in the second step by using the value, the brittleness index BI and the rock pyrolysis analysis data
Specifically, for long-grained shale: total hydrocarbon number greater than 5.0, C1The value is between 65 and 80, the TOC value is more than 2.5 percent, the S1+ S2 value is more than 20, the S1/TOC value is more than 90, and the brittleness index is more than 70, which is the dominant lithology; total hydrocarbon number between 2.0 and 5.0, C1Values between 80 and 85, TOC values between 1.2 and 2.5, S1+ S2 values between 10 and 20, S1/TOC values between 60 and 90, friability index between 50 and 70 being sub-optimal lithology; total hydrocarbon number less than 2.0, C1The% value is more than 85, the TOC value is less than 1.2%, the S1+ S2 value is less than 10, the S1/TOC value is less than 60, and the brittleness index is less than 50, so that the rock is non-dominant lithology;
for cloud ash shale: total hydrocarbon number greater than 5.0, C1The value is between 70 and 80, the TOC value is more than 2.0 percent, the S1+ S2 value is more than 18, the S1/TOC value is more than 75, and the brittleness index is more than 65, which is the dominant lithology; total hydrocarbon number between 2.0 and 5.0, C1Values between 80 and 85, TOC values between 0.8 and 2.0, S1+ S2 values between 6 and 18, S1/TOC values between 50 and 75, friability index between 40 and 65 being sub-optimal lithology; total hydrocarbon number less than 2.0, C1The value is more than 85, the TOC value is less than 0.8%, the S1+ S2 value is less than 6, the S1/TOC value is less than 50, and the brittleness index is less than 40, so that the rock is non-dominant lithology;
for the shale mixture: total hydrocarbon number greater than 10.0, C1The value is between 65 and 80, the TOC value is more than 2.2 percent, the S1+ S2 value is more than 25, the S1/TOC value is more than 85, and the brittleness index is more than 70, which is the dominant lithology; total hydrocarbon number between 5.0 and 10.0, C1Values between 80 and 90, TOC values between 1.0 and 2.2, S1+ S2 values between 6 and 25, S1/TOC values between 50 and 85, friability index between 55 and 70 being sub-optimal lithology; total hydrocarbon number less than 5.0, C1The value is more than 90, the TOC value is less than 1.0%, the S1+ S2 value is less than 6, the S1/TOC value is less than 50, and the brittleness index is less than 55, so that the rock is non-dominant lithology;
for clay shale, the clay shale has a hydrocarbon generation function in a shale stratum, so the clay shale is directly defined as non-dominant lithology;
as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
For example, in this embodiment, an X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis is performed on an R11 well shale interval, a YQZF-IIIA oil and gas component comprehensive evaluation instrument is used for performing a rock pyrolysis gas chromatography analysis, and 5 interpretation layers, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are identified on the shale oil and gas development interval in the well section 3734.0-3784.0m according to gas logging display, rock debris logging display, X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis, and rock pyrolysis analysis data response characteristics;
wherein: interpretation layer 1 falls on the interpretation plate in zone i long-quartz shale zone, as shown at 1 in fig. 1, and the total hydrocarbon display value is 6.05% as shown at 6 in fig. 2; the C1 value was 75.5% as indicated at 11 in FIG. 2, and the S1+ S2 value was 6.6% as indicated at 16 in FIG. 2; the TOC value is 1.62% as shown at 21 in FIG. 2; the S1/TOC value is shown at 26 in FIG. 2 as 71mg/g TOC; the BI value is 74% as shown at 31 in fig. 2, and is comprehensively judged as sub-optimal lithology in the long-english shale;
the interpretation layer 4 falls on the interpretation platePartition ii, the grey matter shale zone, as shown at 4 in fig. 1, and the total hydrocarbon display value, as shown at 9 in fig. 2, is 7.42%; c1The value is 79.4% as shown at 14 in FIG. 2, and the S1+ S2 value is 18.32% as shown at 19 in FIG. 2; the TOC value is 2.81% as shown at 24 in FIG. 2; the S1/TOC value is shown at 29 in FIG. 2 as 165mg/g TOC; the BI value is 73% as shown at 34 in fig. 2, and is comprehensively judged as the dominant lithology in the cloud gray matter shale;
interpretation layer 5 falls on the interpretation plate in partition ii grey shale zone, as shown at 5 in fig. 1, and the total hydrocarbon display value is 11.1% as shown at 10 in fig. 2; c1The value is 79% as indicated at 15 in FIG. 2, and the S1+ S2 value is 2.85% as indicated at 20 in FIG. 2; the TOC value is 0.99% as shown at 25 in FIG. 2; the S1/TOC value is shown at 30 in FIG. 2 as 29mg/g TOC; the BI value is 79% as shown in 35 in fig. 2, and is comprehensively judged as non-dominant lithology in the cloud gray matter shale;
and (3) explaining layer verification:
the interpretation layer 3 and 4 layer tests, the jet pump liquid drainage and the daily oil yield 8.57t are carried out, according to the industrial oil flow standard of the daily oil yield 5.0t with the well depth more than 3000m, the oil testing result is an oil layer, the interpretation layer oil gas is shown to be good, the abundance of organic matters is high, the content of movable hydrocarbons is high, the content of brittle minerals is high, the lithology classification is good, the dominant lithology in the shale stratum is determined by combining the dominant lithology division standard of the shale stratum, therefore, the dominant lithology section of the shale oil optimized by the method is proved to be consistent with the oil testing result in the exploration and development process, and the accuracy and the practicability are better.
The above detailed description is for one embodiment of the present invention, but the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the invention shall fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A shale oil dominant lithology fine identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, collecting X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data of shale stratum debris or a rock core sample, and screening data of ore components of sandstone, carbonate and mudstone rocks more than 25%;
wherein the sandstone, carbonate and mudstone comprise the following mineral components:
sandstone%
Carbonate rock% + calcite% + dolomite% + iron dolomite%
Clay and rock content%
Secondly, establishing a lithologic fine classification chart of the shale class
(1) The method comprises the steps of obtaining data of screened sandstone, carbonate and mudstone which respectively represent three series end members of a triangular chart, wherein an X end member is sandstone, a Y end member is mudstone, and a Z end member is carbonate;
(2) three variables X, Y, Z are transformed into a two-dimensional triangular coordinate through coordinate transformation, the positions of various lithologies in the graph are found out according to the region of the calculated result, and the junction point is obviously divided into four intervals on the plate and respectively represents four lithologies: feldspathic shale, dolomic shale, clayey shale, mixed shale;
thirdly, establishing a dominant lithology division standard according to the gas logging parameters, the rock pyrolysis analysis data and the brittleness index BI data, wherein
(1) Obtaining gas survey total hydrocarbon value, C1% value
Wherein C is1The% is calculated as follows:
C1％＝C1component concentration/(C)1Component concentration + C2Component concentration + C3Component concentration + iC4Component concentration + nC4Component concentration + iC5Component concentration + nC5The component concentration) is 100 percent
(2) Obtaining rock pyrolysis analysis data S1+ S2, TOC, S1/TOC value
Wherein S1 contains free hydrocarbon in mg/g; s2 contains kerogen hydrocarbon, mg/g; TOC total organic carbon content,%;
(3) calculating the brittleness index BI value according to X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis data, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: BI-friability index%;
v-percentage of minerals,% VFeldspar＝VPotassium feldspar+VPlagioclase feldspar；VDolomite＝VDolomite+VIron dolomite
For clay shale, the clay shale is directly defined as non-dominant lithology because of the hydrocarbon generation in the shale stratum, and the lithology division standard is as follows:
2. the fine shale oil dominance lithology recognition method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the lithology type of the shale is divided according to data of more than 25% of rock mineral components of sandstone, carbonate and mudstone X-ray diffraction whole rock analysis, the intersection point is located in a sandstone zone and is named as long-quartz shale, the intersection point is located in a carbonate zone and is named as cloud gray shale, the intersection point is located in a mudstone zone and is named as clay shale, and the intersection point is located in an intersection zone of the three zones and is named as mixed shale.
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