CN108951133A - 一种拒水防油透湿服装面料 - Google Patents

一种拒水防油透湿服装面料 Download PDF

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CN108951133A
CN108951133A CN201810772950.4A CN201810772950A CN108951133A CN 108951133 A CN108951133 A CN 108951133A CN 201810772950 A CN201810772950 A CN 201810772950A CN 108951133 A CN108951133 A CN 108951133A
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water repellent
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郭运松
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Hefei Shengda Garment Accessories Co Ltd
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    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
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    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其由下列重量份数的原料制成：超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维、甲壳素、石墨烯再生纤维素纤维、拒水防油剂。本发明处理工艺制得的拒水防油透湿服装面料有拒水防油的优点，且性价比高，价格便宜、抗静电、拒水防油、透湿排汗，避免油污污染和水渍粘结、化学性能稳定、使用时间长。

Description

一种拒水防油透湿服装面料
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种拒水防油透湿服装面料。
背景技术
防水透湿面料,国外称为可呼吸面料,是集防水、透湿、防风和保暖性能于一体的多功能织物。织物在一定的水压下不能被水润湿,但人体散发的汗液却能通过织物扩散或传递到外,不在体表和织物之间积聚冷凝。根据穿着试验及测定人体从事各项活动时的出汗情况,防水透湿织物必须有一定的透湿能力,其最低值约为2500g/(m2·24h)。具备这种透湿能力的织物,不仅能满足人们在特殊作业环境(如严寒、雨雪、大风天气,沙漠、雨林等恶劣环境)中活动时的穿着需要(如作战服、野外考察服等),也适用于人们在日常生活中对雨衣等防水衣物及各种高档服装面料的要求,具有广阔的发展前景。
目前市场上的防水透湿面料,有采用聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯等高分子材料对纺织品涂层来实现防水透湿功能，这类涂层防水织物虽然有一定的防水效果,但透湿性很差,服用者常会产生不舒适甚至低温寒冷的感觉；也有采用聚丙烯酸酯、亲水性聚氨酯等亲水性涂层剂涂覆面料,虽可以使织物具有较好的透湿性,但涂层剂吸水后机械强度下降,防水性和牢度变差。利用特细的疏水性聚酯或锦纶长丝生产高密织物,其防水、防风性优于传统防水透湿织物，随着服用时间的增长,其防水透湿效果逐渐变差,甚至会出现面料渗水的现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种拒水防油透湿服装面料。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，包括由以下重量份组分制得：超细涤纶纤维60~80份、桑皮纤维30~40份、聚偏氯乙烯纤维10~20份、甲壳素10~15份和石墨烯再生纤维素10~15份、拒水防油剂0.5~1份。
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其制备方法包括以下步骤：第一步，前处理：先将各纤维原料在前防水处理液中二浸二轧，轧液率60~70%后，100℃烘干后，采用涂层处理剂分别对超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维、甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维进行涂层处理后，至烘箱150℃烘干，烘干后加入后防水处理液中，二浸二轧，轧液率60~70%后，送入150℃烘箱烘干；第二步，织造：采用超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维和甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维的混纺丝线织造而成，织物组织设计采用缎纹组织，再经过适当的加捻，使用喷水织机制成坯布；第三步、上浆、上油，涂覆拒水防油剂，将第二步制备的坯布进行上浆和上油处理；第四步、退浆精炼：采用低浴比高压喷射溢流机进行退浆精炼处理，工艺处方和条件如下：退浆浴PH值6~7，精炼剂：0.5~1g/L，NaOH：0.5~1g/L，浴比：1：10~12，温度：65~70℃，时间：3~5min；第五步、碱处理：退浆精炼完成后，再进行碱减量处理，处理条件为NaOH8~10g/L，温度：65~75℃，时间：5~10min；第六步、定型：碱减量完成后，进行定型，温度：100~120℃，时间：10~20s；第七步、后定型烘干：后进行后定型烘干处理，先进行清水浸轧，再在130~150℃条件下烘干定型。
进一步的，所述的前防水处理液为，氟碳化合物20~25份，凡士林15~30份，聚乙烯醚15~28份，硬脂酸10~17份，交联剂6~8份，AG4802~3份，SDP-1 1~2份，MgCl2 1~2份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的涂层处理剂为，阴离子水分散聚氨酯涂层剂90~100份，增稠剂3~5份，有机硅分散液3~5份，MD树脂整理剂1~2份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的后防水处理液为，液体硅橡胶1~5份、70#烷烃溶剂油94~98份、吐温600.2~0.6份、聚乙二醇0.2~0.6份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述石墨烯再生纤维素纤维为将生物质石墨烯与粘胶纺丝液进行均匀掺杂混合，加入改性纳米无机物，经湿法纺丝，制得石墨烯改性再生纤维素纤维；所述改性纳米无机物为，将纳米无机物1~2份、溶剂20~30份、偶联剂0.5~1份、可溶性聚偏氯乙烯纤维13~15份，混合、球磨、分散而成，其中纳米粉体为纳米壳层金属氧化物或复合氧化物粉体，粒径为50~100nm，溶剂由丙酮、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯中的一种或多种构成，偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、有机过氧化物偶联剂中的一种或多种构成，将各物质置于球磨机中充分研磨，即得。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，影响固体表面润湿性的两个重要因素是固体的表面微观结构和表面自由能，因此要制备拒水防油面料必须满足两个条件，一是需要构造微纳米的粗糙表面，另是引入低表面能物质分子层。本发明以清洁添加剂、拒水防油剂、在表面构筑粗糙结构提供条件，采用涤纶微细旦纤维织造高密织物并利用组织的浮长线来模拟荷叶表面的乳头状突起,使织物表面具有细小的凹凸,同时对坯布进行收缩处理和拒水整理,使其具有良好的防水透湿性。
由于织造高密织物的难度较大从而出现了通过整理手段来实现高密度的高密整理织物这种织物的原料纤维具有皮芯结构,芯线是较粗的高收缩纤维,皮线为超细原料。具有玻璃化温度低且易于调节、低温强度和柔韧性优良等优点,与聚偏氯乙烯纤维共用，可提高无孔涂层透湿性。发挥聚氨酯分子结构中软段分子的作用,即导入亲水性的软段分子,作为吸附和释放水分子的部分。采用聚氨酯涂层剂涂层之后,由于溶剂挥发形成无孔薄膜,通过亲水基团和氢键对水分子的“吸附一扩散一解吸”作用达到透湿的目的。由于膜中没有微孔,因此防水性能很好,且附有拒水防油特性。
甲壳素对革兰阴性菌的抑菌机理,主要是由小分子的壳聚糖渗透进入细菌细胞内,吸附细胞内带负电的细胞质,并引起絮凝作用,扰乱细菌细胞正常的生理活动,从而起到杀灭细菌的作用。对于革兰阳性菌的抑菌机理,主要是由聚合成大分子的壳聚糖吸附在细菌细胞表面,形成一层高分子阻断膜,阻止营养物质向细胞内运输,从而起到抑菌和杀菌作用。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
采用涤纶微细旦纤维织造高密织物并利用组织的浮长线来模拟荷叶表面的乳头状突起,使织物表面具有细小的凹凸,同时对坯布进行收缩处理和拒水整理,使其具有良好的防水透湿性由于织造高密织物的难度较大从而出现了通过整理手段来实现高密度的高密整理织物这种织物的原料纤维具有皮芯结构,芯线是较粗的高收缩纤维,皮线为超细原料。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，包括由以下重量份组分制得：超细涤纶纤维80份、桑皮纤维40份、聚偏氯乙烯纤维20份、甲壳素15份和石墨烯再生纤维素15份、拒水防油剂0.5份。
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其制备方法包括以下步骤：第一步，前处理：先将各纤维原料在前防水处理液中二浸二轧，轧液率70%后，100℃烘干后，采用涂层处理剂分别对超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维、甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维进行涂层处理后，至烘箱150℃烘干，烘干后加入后防水处理液中，二浸二轧，轧液率70%后，送入150℃烘箱烘干；第二步，织造：采用超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维和甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维的混纺丝线织造而成，织物组织设计采用缎纹组织，再经过适当的加捻，使用喷水织机制成坯布；第三步、上浆、上油，涂覆拒水防油剂，将第二步制备的坯布进行上浆和上油处理；第四步、退浆精炼：采用低浴比高压喷射溢流机进行退浆精炼处理，工艺处方和条件如下：退浆浴PH值7，精炼剂：1g/L，NaOH：1g/L，浴比：1：12，温度：70℃，时间：5min；第五步、碱处理：退浆精炼完成后，再进行碱减量处理，处理条件为NaOH10g/L，温度：65℃，时间：10min；第六步、定型：碱减量完成后，进行定型，温度：120℃，时间：20s；第七步、后定型烘干：后进行后定型烘干处理，先进行清水浸轧，再在150℃条件下烘干定型。
进一步的，所述的前防水处理液为，氟碳化合物20份，凡士林15份，聚乙烯醚15份，硬脂酸10份，交联剂6份，AG4802份，SDP-1 1份，MgCl2 1份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的涂层处理剂为，阴离子水分散聚氨酯涂层剂90份，增稠剂3份，有机硅分散液3份，MD树脂整理剂1份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的后防水处理液为，液体硅橡胶1~5份、70#烷烃溶剂油94~98份、吐温600.6份、聚乙二醇0.2份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述石墨烯再生纤维素纤维为将生物质石墨烯与粘胶纺丝液进行均匀掺杂混合，加入改性纳米无机物，经湿法纺丝，制得石墨烯改性再生纤维素纤维；所述改性纳米无机物为，将纳米无机物1份、溶剂20份、偶联剂0.5份、可溶性聚偏氯乙烯纤维13份，混合、球磨、分散而成，其中纳米粉体为纳米壳层金属氧化物或复合氧化物粉体，粒径为50~100nm，溶剂由丙酮、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯中的一种或多种构成，偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、有机过氧化物偶联剂中的一种或多种构成，将各物质置于球磨机中充分研磨，即得。
实施例2
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，包括由以下重量份组分制得：超细涤纶纤维60份、桑皮纤维30份、聚偏氯乙烯纤维10份、甲壳素10份和石墨烯再生纤维素10份、拒水防油剂0.5份。
一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其制备方法包括以下步骤：第一步，前处理：先将各纤维原料在前防水处理液中二浸二轧，轧液率70%后，100℃烘干后，采用涂层处理剂分别对超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维、甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维进行涂层处理后，至烘箱150℃烘干，烘干后加入后防水处理液中，二浸二轧，轧液率70%后，送入150℃烘箱烘干；第二步，织造：采用超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维和甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维的混纺丝线织造而成，织物组织设计采用缎纹组织，再经过适当的加捻，使用喷水织机制成坯布；第三步、上浆、上油，涂覆拒水防油剂，将第二步制备的坯布进行上浆和上油处理；第四步、退浆精炼：采用低浴比高压喷射溢流机进行退浆精炼处理，工艺处方和条件如下：退浆浴PH值7，精炼剂：1g/L，NaOH：1g/L，浴比：1：12，温度：70℃，时间：5min；第五步、碱处理：退浆精炼完成后，再进行碱减量处理，处理条件为NaOH10g/L，温度：75℃，时间：10min；第六步、定型：碱减量完成后，进行定型，温度：120℃，时间：20s；第七步、后定型烘干：后进行后定型烘干处理，先进行清水浸轧，再在150℃条件下烘干定型。
进一步的，所述的前防水处理液为，氟碳化合物20份，凡士林15份，聚乙烯醚15份，硬脂酸10份，交联剂8份，AG4803份，SDP-1 1份，MgCl2 1份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的涂层处理剂为，阴离子水分散聚氨酯涂层剂90份，增稠剂3份，有机硅分散液3份，MD树脂整理剂1份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述的后防水处理液为，液体硅橡胶5份、70#烷烃溶剂油98份、吐温600.6份、聚乙二醇0.6份，混合均匀，即得。
进一步的，所述石墨烯再生纤维素纤维为将生物质石墨烯与粘胶纺丝液进行均匀掺杂混合，加入改性纳米无机物，经湿法纺丝，制得石墨烯改性再生纤维素纤维；所述改性纳米无机物为，将纳米无机物1份、溶剂20份、偶联剂0.5份、可溶性聚偏氯乙烯纤维13份，混合、球磨、分散而成，其中纳米粉体为纳米壳层金属氧化物或复合氧化物粉体，粒径为50~100nm，溶剂由丙酮、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯中的一种或多种构成，偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、有机过氧化物偶联剂中的一种或多种构成，将各物质置于球磨机中充分研磨，即得。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去拒水抗油剂成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去石墨烯再生纤维素纤维成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去聚偏氯乙烯纤维成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
表1各实施例和对比例所制备拒水防油透湿面料的力学性能
注：由上表1可以看出，本发明公开的的拒水防油透湿面料的透湿性得到了明显的提高，同时其断裂强、控制较好，与原性能相差无几。拒水防油，效果明显。本发明公开的的服装面料有性价比高，价格便宜、抗静电、拒水防油、避免油污污染和水渍粘结、化学性能稳定、使用时间长。

Claims (6)

1.一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，包括由以下重量份组分制得：超细涤纶纤维60~80份、桑皮纤维30~40份、聚偏氯乙烯纤维10~20份、甲壳素10~15份和石墨烯再生纤维素10~15份、拒水防油剂0.5~1份。
2.如权利1所述的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，其制备方法包括以下步骤：第一步，前处理：先将各纤维原料在前防水处理液中二浸二轧，轧液率60~70%后，100℃烘干后，采用涂层处理剂分别对超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维、甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维进行涂层处理后，至烘箱150℃烘干，烘干后加入后防水处理液中，二浸二轧，轧液率60~70%后，送入150℃烘箱烘干；第二步，织造：采用超细涤纶纤维、桑皮纤维、聚偏氯乙烯纤维和甲壳素和石墨烯再生纤维素纤维的混纺丝线织造而成，织物组织设计采用缎纹组织，再经过适当的加捻，使用喷水织机制成坯布；第三步、上浆、上油，涂覆拒水防油剂，将第二步制备的坯布进行上浆和上油处理；第四步、退浆精炼：采用低浴比高压喷射溢流机进行退浆精炼处理，工艺处方和条件如下：退浆浴PH值6~7，精炼剂：0.5~1g/L，NaOH：0.5~1g/L，浴比：1：10~12，温度：65~70℃，时间：3~5min；第五步、碱处理：退浆精炼完成后，再进行碱减量处理，处理条件为NaOH8~10g/L，温度：65~75℃，时间：5~10min；第六步、定型：碱减量完成后，进行定型，温度：100~120℃，时间：10~20s；第七步、后定型烘干：后进行后定型烘干处理，先进行清水浸轧，再在130~150℃条件下烘干定型。
3.如权利1所述的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，所述的前防水处理液为，氟碳化合物20~25份，凡士林15~30份，聚乙烯醚15~28份，硬脂酸10~17份，交联剂6~8份，AG4802~3份，SDP-1 1~2份，MgCl2 1~2份，混合均匀，即得。
4.如权利1所述的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，所述的涂层处理剂为，阴离子水分散聚氨酯涂层剂90~100份，增稠剂3~5份，有机硅分散液3~5份，MD树脂整理剂1~2份，混合均匀，即得。
5.如权利1所述的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，所述的后防水处理液为，液体硅橡胶1~5份、70#烷烃溶剂油94~98份、吐温600.2~0.6份、聚乙二醇0.2~0.6份，混合均匀，即得。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种拒水防油透湿服装面料，其特征在于，所述石墨烯再生纤维素纤维为将生物质石墨烯与粘胶纺丝液进行均匀掺杂混合，加入改性纳米无机物，经湿法纺丝，制得石墨烯改性再生纤维素纤维；所述改性纳米无机物为，将纳米无机物1~2份、溶剂20~30份、偶联剂0.5~1份、可溶性聚偏氯乙烯纤维13~15份，混合、球磨、分散而成，其中纳米粉体为纳米壳层金属氧化物或复合氧化物粉体，粒径为50~100nm，溶剂由丙酮、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯中的一种或多种构成，偶联剂为铝酸酯偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、有机过氧化物偶联剂中的一种或多种构成，将各物质置于球磨机中充分研磨，即得。
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CN112140661A (zh) * 2020-08-24 2020-12-29 盐城工学院 一种防污拒水的纺织面料
CN112140661B (zh) * 2020-08-24 2023-07-25 盐城工学院 一种防污拒水的纺织面料

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