实施例1
一、COST1基因的筛选和获得
通过反向遗传学手段,利用转录组、基因组和蛋白组学等多种生物信息学手段筛选得到一个全新的拟南芥DUF641家族基因COST1(Constitutively Stressed 1),经过测序得到其核苷酸序列如序列SEQ ID NO.1所示,其蛋白序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示;蛋白序列比对显示,除了COST1,拟南芥中还有其它三个蛋白COST2、COST3和COST4与COST1高度同源(图1)。
二、COST1基因的同源分析及COST1功能验证
从ABRC(Arabidopsis Biological Research Center,www.arabidopsis.org)拟南芥突变体库订购得到COST1的T-DNA插入植株SALK_064001。该突变体的T-DNA的插入位置为第一个也是唯一一个外显子的内部且为纯合体(图2a,b)。拟南芥的的种植和突变体鉴定方法参照括号中的文献所述方法(Bao et al.,2014)。
经过实时定量PCR鉴定显示纯合的COST1突变体该基因的表达被完全敲除(图2c)。
对其蛋白结构分析显示,DUF641/COST结构域位于该蛋白的N(氮)端且高度保守(图3a)。
遗传进化分析显示COST1等UDF641家族蛋白属于植物特有的蛋白且广泛分布于包括苔藓及其它更加高等的植物中(图3b),图中显示的物种包括Arabidopsis thaliana,Arabidopsis lyrata,Capsella rubella,Brassica rapa,Populus trichocarpa,Solanumlycopersicum,Medicago truncatula,Aquilegia coerulea,Brachypodium distachyon,Oryza Sativa,Zea mays,Amborella trichopoda,Picea abies和Physcomitrellapatens。
通过对四个拟南芥COST基因的qPCR检测结果,显示只有COST1有表达,与COST1基因高度同源的其它三个基因COST2、COST3、COST4在转录水平都几乎没有表达(图3c)。同时,通过COST1突变体对发育影响研究表明COST1基因完全敲除的COST1突变体植株变小,矮化及叶色加深等(图3d)。
为了进步一证明该突变体的抗旱表型是由COST1基因敲除造成的,我们将COST1基因的基因组片段gCOST1克隆并转化到COST1突变体背景下。具体操作为设计引物扩增gCOST1全长编码序列,获得一个长约2502bp的DNA片段,然后将其连入EcoRV酶切的克隆载体pBlueScript II KS(pKS;Stratagene)中,酶切鉴定,将测序正确的质粒利用EcoRI和SalI进行酶切,酶切片段经回收后连入pcambia1300载体中。构建载体所用引物gCOST1F和gCOST1R(见表1):
gCOST1F:CGCCGGAGAAAGTGTAAGAAAC
gCOST1R:TCATTCATGCTCTGTTTTCCTCTC
结果显示,两个独立的转基因株系gCOST1#1和gCOST#5都能把COST1突变体的表型恢复到野生型(WT)的水平(图4a)。定量PCR也显示,两个互补株系中COST1的表达量和野生型对照非常接近(图4b)。四周大小的植株,剪下大约10片莲座叶,每隔30分钟测一次重量,叶片失水率的结果也表明COST1低失水率的表型能够被期自身基因组片段互补(图4c)。因此,我们得出结论,造成COST1突变体的抗旱表型确实是由COST1基因敲除引起的。
为了进一步确认COST1突变体表现出的极度抗旱和低叶片失水率低的表型(图4c)。我们通过构建植物RNAi干扰载体,载体构建具体做法为,设计引物从COST1的全长cDNA扩增获得一个长332bp的DNA片段,然后将其连入SmaI酶切的克隆载体pBlueScript II KS(pKS;Stratagene)中,酶切鉴定,将测序正确的质粒利用酶切并回收后连入pcambia1301-RNAi载体中。构建载体所用引物为(见表1):
RNAi-COST1F:CGCCGGAGAAAGTGTAAGAAAC
RNAi-COST1R:TCATTCATGCTCTGTTTTCCTCTC
利用根癌农杆菌介导将RNAi载体转入拟南芥中,获得的两个独立的转基因RNAi株系。
对四周大小的WT,COST1以及两个RNAi株系控水两周,突变体和RNAi株系明显抗旱(图5a)。
qPCR定量检测两个RNAi株系中COST1基因的表达量。结果表明在RNAi#1和RNAi#3两个转基因株系中COST1基因表达量分别有约50%和70%的降低(图5b)。
剪取四周大小植株的莲座叶约十片,于天平上每隔半个小时测定重量。结果显示COST1突变体和两个COST1基因的RNAi植株失水率降低(图5c)。
对十天大小的WT幼苗进行脱水6个小时处理,通过qPCR检测所显示内标基因的表达。对COST1突变体及其对应的野生型材料进行处理(干旱)和不处理,结果显示,与WT对比,在没有处理的COST1突变体中,经qPCR检测,大量逆境相关基因的表达量已经明显上调,这表明COST1是一个组成型逆境响应突变体。与干旱处理的WT对比,干旱处理的COST1突变体背景下,逆境响应基因的表达量上调的更多,也就是qPCR验证部分有代表性的逆境响应基因在COST1中更加明显的上调(图5d)。检测的逆境相应基因包括RD29A,ABI2,ABI5,PP2C,RD22,COR154,KIN1,COR414-TM1和LTP3。
三、抑制COST1基因的同源基因表达在其他物种抗旱性进行鉴定
为了更加广泛的验证COST1基因在其他物种应用的价值。我们通过蛋白同源序列比对,找到拟南芥COST1基因在其他物种中的同源基因(图4b)。选择进一步研究的植物为单子叶模式植物水稻,双子叶植物番茄和树类植物杨树。通过构建遗传转化的pCAMBIA系列载体(构建载体所用引物见附录9),利用RNAi干扰技术来抑制对相应的同源基因的表达量;并进一步对这些转基因植物作抗旱性检测。
首先,我们利用番茄SlCOST1(ID:Solyc01g091120,SEQ ID NO:3)基因特异引物RNAi-SlCOST1F和RNAi-SlCOST1R扩增得到一个316bp的DNA片段。通过构建遗传转化载体并转化番茄愈伤组织得到三个独立的番茄RNAi株系L1、L19和L2。对3周大小的野生型(WT)和三个独立转基因株系L19、L1和L2控水处理2周后拍摄具有代表性的照片并展示。对三个独立RNAi转基因株系的干旱实验显示,番茄COST1同源基因下调后的转基因植物的抗旱性明显提高(图6)。番茄的遗传转化方法参照括号中的文献所述方法(Zhang et al.,2001)。
其次,我们利用水稻中COST1同源基因OsCOST1(ID:Os10g23220,SEQ ID NO:5)基因特异引物RNAi-OsCOST1F和RNAi-OsCOST1R扩增得到一个391bp的DNA片段。通过构建遗传转化的pCAMBIA系列载体(构建载体所用引物序列见表1)并转化水稻愈伤组织得到三个独立的水稻RNAi株系。对4周大小的野生型(WT)和两个独立转基因株系RNAi-OsCOST1-2和RNAi-OsCOST1-11用20%的PEG处理2周后拍摄具有代表性的照片并展示。对水稻的两个独立RNAi转基因株系的干旱实验显示,水稻COST1同源基因下调后的植物的抗旱性明显提高(图7)。水稻的遗传转化参照括号中的文献所述方法(Toki et al.,2006)。
再次,我们利用杨树中COST1同源基因PtCOST1(Potri.014G067600,SEQ ID NO:7)和PtCOST2(Potri.002G145900,SEQ ID NO:8)基因特异引物RNAi-PtCOST1F和RNAi-PtCOST1R,RNAi-PtCOST2F和RNAi-PtCOST2R分别扩增得到一个128bp和299bp的DNA片段。通过构建遗传转化的pCAMBIA系列载体(构建载体所用引物见表1)并转化杨树愈伤组织得到三个独立的杨树RNAi株系。对六周大小的野生型(WT)和三个独立RNAi独立转基因株系RNAi-PtCOST1,2-1、RNAi-PtCOST1,2-5和RNAi-PtCOST1,2-9干旱处理三周后拍摄具有代表性的一张照片。对杨树的三个RNAi转基因株系的干旱检测显示,同时敲除杨树中的COST1的两个同源基因PtCOST1和PtCOST2后得到的三个RNAi独立转基因株系更加抗旱(图8)。杨树的遗传转化参照括号中的文献所述方法(Wang et al.,2011)。
表1实验中用到的引物
注:*小写字母表示加入到引物中的限制性酶切位点以及保护碱基。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,其使用范围也不限于本专利中所述的三个作物,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
本发明所引用的文献具体如下:
BaoY,Wang CT,Jiang CM,Pan J,Zhang GB,Liu H,Zhang HX(2014)The tumornecrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF)-like family protein SEVEN INABSENTIA 2(SINA2)promotes drought tolerance in an ABA-dependent manner inArabidopsis.New Phytol.202(1):174-87.
Toki S,Hara N,Ono K,Onodera H,Tagiri A,Oka S,Tanaka H(2006).Earlyinfection of scutellum tissue with Agrobacterium allows high-speedtransformation of rice.Plant J.47(6):969-976.
Wang HH,Wang CT,LiuH,Tang RJ,Zhang HX(2011)An efficientAgrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration system for leafexplants of two elite aspen hybrid clones Populus alba×P.Berolinensis andPopulus Davidiana×P.Bolleana.Plant Cell Rep.30:2037-2044.
Zhang HX,Blumwald E(2001)Transgenic salt-tolerant tomato plantsaccumulate salt in foliage but not in fruit.Nat Biotechnol.19:765-768.
序列表
<110> 鲁东大学
<120> 通过抑制COST1基因的表达提高植物抗旱性的方法
<130> 2018
<160> 10
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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agcaagtacc tattacttgt gcacccaaaa atggaaggct ctttctttgg taacatggat 960
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<210> 6
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<212> PRT
<213> Oryza sativa
<400> 6
Met Val Leu Pro Gly Ser Lys Glu Ser Gln Asn Tyr Asp Ser Asn Asn
1 5 10 15
Gln Lys Val His Pro Gln Pro Ile Asp Glu Asn Met Asn Gln Asn Met
20 25 30
Gly Ser Met Asp Thr Met Ile Gly Arg Ile Phe Asn Asn Ile Ser Ser
35 40 45
Leu Lys Ser Ala Tyr Ile Gln Leu Gln Glu Ala His Thr Pro Tyr Asp
50 55 60
Pro Asp Lys Ile Gln Ala Ala Asp Gln Leu Val Ile Glu Glu Leu Thr
65 70 75 80
Lys Leu Ser Glu Leu Lys His Ala Tyr Arg Glu Lys Asn Pro Lys Pro
85 90 95
Val Ala Ala Thr Pro Gln Asp Ala Arg Leu Leu Ser Glu Ile Gln Glu
100 105 110
Gln Gln Asn Leu Leu Lys Thr Tyr Glu Val Met Val Lys Lys Phe Gln
115 120 125
Ser Gln Ile Gln Thr Arg Asp Thr Glu Ile Thr His Leu Gln Gln Gln
130 135 140
Ile Asp Glu Ala Lys Leu Arg Lys Ser Lys Leu Glu Lys Lys Leu Lys
145 150 155 160
Gln Arg Gly Leu Leu Asn Lys Glu Ser Glu Glu Ser Asp Asp Glu Asp
165 170 175
Asn Tyr Phe Ser Ile Glu Leu Thr Pro Ser Leu Phe Thr Ser Ala Val
180 185 190
Asp Asn Ala Tyr Gln Ser Ile His Asp Phe Ser Lys Pro Leu Ile Asn
195 200 205
Met Met Lys Ala Ala Gly Trp Asp Leu Asp Ala Ala Ala Asn Ala Ile
210 215 220
Glu Pro Ala Val Val Tyr Thr Arg Arg Ala His Lys Lys Tyr Ala Phe
225 230 235 240
Glu Ser Tyr Ile Cys Gln Arg Met Phe Gly Gly Phe Gln Glu Glu Ser
245 250 255
Phe Ser Val Lys Ala Ala Asn Ile Thr Val Ser Asn Glu Ala Phe Phe
260 265 270
His Gln Phe Leu Ala Val Arg Ala Met Asp Pro Leu Asp Val Leu Ser
275 280 285
Gln Asn Pro Asp Ser Val Phe Gly Lys Phe Cys Arg Ser Lys Tyr Leu
290 295 300
Leu Leu Val His Pro Lys Met Glu Gly Ser Phe Phe Gly Asn Met Asp
305 310 315 320
Gln Arg Asn Tyr Val Met Ser Gly Gly His Pro Arg Thr Pro Phe Tyr
325 330 335
Gln Ala Phe Leu Lys Leu Ala Lys Ser Ile Trp Leu Leu His Arg Leu
340 345 350
Ala Tyr Ser Phe Asp Pro Lys Val Lys Val Phe Gln Val Lys Lys Gly
355 360 365
Ser Asp Phe Ser Glu Ile His Met Glu Ser Val Val Lys Asn Ile Ile
370 375 380
Leu Asp Glu Gly Ala Glu Arg Pro Lys Val Gly Leu Met Val Met Pro
385 390 395 400
Gly Phe Leu Ile Gly Thr Ser Val Ile Gln Ser Arg Val Tyr Leu Ser
405 410 415
Gly Val Lys Ser Ala Asp
420
<210> 7
<211> 990
<212> DNA
<213> Populus trichocarpa
<400> 7
aaagtagata cgcaacccac tgggttgaaa gataatcaac cccgtgagaa caaatgtcag 60
aaggtccacc ctcaacccat ggaagattct gcaaatcaaa atccagaagc tggggaagcc 120
ttgatatcca aaatatttac caacatctcc tctctgaagt cagcatacat tcagctccaa 180
gctgctcata ctccctatga tcctgataaa atacaagctt ttgacaaagc tgtaatttct 240
gagctgaaaa atctatccga gctaaattat atctacaggg aaaataaccc caaaccaata 300
tgtgtttctc ctcaggactc tcggttagct gcagagatcc aagaacaact gagcctgctc 360
aaaacatacg agaataaaga ttctgagatt cttcagtctg agcagatgat tgaggaagca 420
aaccagaaac gagcaaaact ggaaaagaat cttaagctca ggggtttgtc aaccgaagaa 480
tcagaggcta actccattga atccaacgtt gtttatgcaa agagagctca caaacagtat 540
gcatttgagt ctcatatatc tcaaagaatg ttcattgggt ttcatcacga gaacttctca 600
attaaagcag acggcggggc agtttcaaag gagagtttct ttcatcaatt tcttgctacg 660
agggaaatgg atcctttaga catgctatgt cagaacccaa attctgtttt tgggaaattt 720
tgcacgagca agtacctggt ggtggttcac ccaaagggag ggcatccaag aacgcccttc 780
taccaggcct tcttgaaact ggccaagtcg atctggcttt ctcacaggct tgcttattcc 840
tttgacccaa atgtcaaggt cttccaagtt atgagaggaa gtgagttctc agagcctagg 900
gttggcctaa tggttatgcc tggtttttgg ataggaggca gtgtgattca gagccctgtt 960
tatctctcag gtgtgaaggt tgctgaatga 990
<210> 8
<211> 1269
<212> DNA
<213> Populus trichocarpa
<400> 8
atgctaccca ctgggttgaa agataatcaa ccccgcgaga gcaacaatca aaaggtccac 60
cctcaaccca tggaagattc tgcaaatcaa aatccagaag ctttggaagc cttgatatcc 120
aaaatattta ccaacatctc ctctctgaag tcagcttaca tccagctcca atctgctcat 180
actccctacg atcctgataa gatacaagct gctgacaaag atgtaatttc cgagctgaaa 240
aatctatccg agctcaagca tttctacagg gaaaacaacc ccaagccaat atgtgtttct 300
cctcaggact ctcggttagc tgcagagatc caagaacagc agagcctgct caaaacatac 360
gaggttatgg tgaagaaatt ccaatctgaa attcagaata aagattctga gattcttcag 420
ttgcagcaga tgattgagga ggcaaaccag aaaagagcaa aactggaaaa gaatcttaaa 480
ctcaggggct tgtcaaccaa agaatcagag ggttctggag atgaaagtgg tttttattct 540
gtggatctaa ccccggatct cttcatatct gccgtggaaa ctgctttcaa agccattcat 600
gatttttcta aaccattgat caacatgatg aaagcagccg ggtgggatct tgatgctgca 660
gctaactcca ttgaatccaa cgttgtttat gcaaagagag cccacaaaaa gtacgcattt 720
gagtctcata tatgtcaaag aatgttcagt gggtttcagc acgagaactt ctcaattaaa 780
gttgacagtg gggcagtttc aaaggagact ttcttccacc aatttctttc tatgagggaa 840
atggatcctt tggacatgct aggtcagaac ccagattctg cttttgggaa attttgcagg 900
agcaagtacc tggtggtggt tcacccaaag atggaggctt cattctttgg aaatttagat 960
cagcgaaatt atataaatgg gggagggcat ccaagaacgc ccttctacca ggtgttcttg 1020
aaactggcca agtcgatctg gcttttgcac aggctggctt attcctttga tccaaatgtt 1080
aaggtcttcc aggttaagag aggaaatgag ttctcagagg tttatatgga aagtgttgta 1140
aaaaacctga tattagatga aaatgatcca aaacctaggg ttggtctaat ggttatgcct 1200
gggttttgga taggaggcag tgtgattcag agccgtgttt atctctcagg tgtgaaggtt 1260
gccgaatga 1269
<210> 9
<211> 329
<212> PRT
<213> Populus trichocarpa
<400> 9
Lys Val Asp Thr Gln Pro Thr Gly Leu Lys Asp Asn Gln Pro Arg Glu
1 5 10 15
Asn Lys Cys Gln Lys Val His Pro Gln Pro Met Glu Asp Ser Ala Asn
20 25 30
Gln Asn Pro Glu Ala Gly Glu Ala Leu Ile Ser Lys Ile Phe Thr Asn
35 40 45
Ile Ser Ser Leu Lys Ser Ala Tyr Ile Gln Leu Gln Ala Ala His Thr
50 55 60
Pro Tyr Asp Pro Asp Lys Ile Gln Ala Phe Asp Lys Ala Val Ile Ser
65 70 75 80
Glu Leu Lys Asn Leu Ser Glu Leu Asn Tyr Ile Tyr Arg Glu Asn Asn
85 90 95
Pro Lys Pro Ile Cys Val Ser Pro Gln Asp Ser Arg Leu Ala Ala Glu
100 105 110
Ile Gln Glu Gln Leu Ser Leu Leu Lys Thr Tyr Glu Asn Lys Asp Ser
115 120 125
Glu Ile Leu Gln Ser Glu Gln Met Ile Glu Glu Ala Asn Gln Lys Arg
130 135 140
Ala Lys Leu Glu Lys Asn Leu Lys Leu Arg Gly Leu Ser Thr Glu Glu
145 150 155 160
Ser Glu Ala Asn Ser Ile Glu Ser Asn Val Val Tyr Ala Lys Arg Ala
165 170 175
His Lys Gln Tyr Ala Phe Glu Ser His Ile Ser Gln Arg Met Phe Ile
180 185 190
Gly Phe His His Glu Asn Phe Ser Ile Lys Ala Asp Gly Gly Ala Val
195 200 205
Ser Lys Glu Ser Phe Phe His Gln Phe Leu Ala Thr Arg Glu Met Asp
210 215 220
Pro Leu Asp Met Leu Cys Gln Asn Pro Asn Ser Val Phe Gly Lys Phe
225 230 235 240
Cys Thr Ser Lys Tyr Leu Val Val Val His Pro Lys Gly Gly His Pro
245 250 255
Arg Thr Pro Phe Tyr Gln Ala Phe Leu Lys Leu Ala Lys Ser Ile Trp
260 265 270
Leu Ser His Arg Leu Ala Tyr Ser Phe Asp Pro Asn Val Lys Val Phe
275 280 285
Gln Val Met Arg Gly Ser Glu Phe Ser Glu Pro Arg Val Gly Leu Met
290 295 300
Val Met Pro Gly Phe Trp Ile Gly Gly Ser Val Ile Gln Ser Pro Val
305 310 315 320
Tyr Leu Ser Gly Val Lys Val Ala Glu
325
<210> 10
<211> 422
<212> PRT
<213> Populus trichocarpa
<400> 10
Met Leu Pro Thr Gly Leu Lys Asp Asn Gln Pro Arg Glu Ser Asn Asn
1 5 10 15
Gln Lys Val His Pro Gln Pro Met Glu Asp Ser Ala Asn Gln Asn Pro
20 25 30
Glu Ala Leu Glu Ala Leu Ile Ser Lys Ile Phe Thr Asn Ile Ser Ser
35 40 45
Leu Lys Ser Ala Tyr Ile Gln Leu Gln Ser Ala His Thr Pro Tyr Asp
50 55 60
Pro Asp Lys Ile Gln Ala Ala Asp Lys Asp Val Ile Ser Glu Leu Lys
65 70 75 80
Asn Leu Ser Glu Leu Lys His Phe Tyr Arg Glu Asn Asn Pro Lys Pro
85 90 95
Ile Cys Val Ser Pro Gln Asp Ser Arg Leu Ala Ala Glu Ile Gln Glu
100 105 110
Gln Gln Ser Leu Leu Lys Thr Tyr Glu Val Met Val Lys Lys Phe Gln
115 120 125
Ser Glu Ile Gln Asn Lys Asp Ser Glu Ile Leu Gln Leu Gln Gln Met
130 135 140
Ile Glu Glu Ala Asn Gln Lys Arg Ala Lys Leu Glu Lys Asn Leu Lys
145 150 155 160
Leu Arg Gly Leu Ser Thr Lys Glu Ser Glu Gly Ser Gly Asp Glu Ser
165 170 175
Gly Phe Tyr Ser Val Asp Leu Thr Pro Asp Leu Phe Ile Ser Ala Val
180 185 190
Glu Thr Ala Phe Lys Ala Ile His Asp Phe Ser Lys Pro Leu Ile Asn
195 200 205
Met Met Lys Ala Ala Gly Trp Asp Leu Asp Ala Ala Ala Asn Ser Ile
210 215 220
Glu Ser Asn Val Val Tyr Ala Lys Arg Ala His Lys Lys Tyr Ala Phe
225 230 235 240
Glu Ser His Ile Cys Gln Arg Met Phe Ser Gly Phe Gln His Glu Asn
245 250 255
Phe Ser Ile Lys Val Asp Ser Gly Ala Val Ser Lys Glu Thr Phe Phe
260 265 270
His Gln Phe Leu Ser Met Arg Glu Met Asp Pro Leu Asp Met Leu Gly
275 280 285
Gln Asn Pro Asp Ser Ala Phe Gly Lys Phe Cys Arg Ser Lys Tyr Leu
290 295 300
Val Val Val His Pro Lys Met Glu Ala Ser Phe Phe Gly Asn Leu Asp
305 310 315 320
Gln Arg Asn Tyr Ile Asn Gly Gly Gly His Pro Arg Thr Pro Phe Tyr
325 330 335
Gln Val Phe Leu Lys Leu Ala Lys Ser Ile Trp Leu Leu His Arg Leu
340 345 350
Ala Tyr Ser Phe Asp Pro Asn Val Lys Val Phe Gln Val Lys Arg Gly
355 360 365
Asn Glu Phe Ser Glu Val Tyr Met Glu Ser Val Val Lys Asn Leu Ile
370 375 380
Leu Asp Glu Asn Asp Pro Lys Pro Arg Val Gly Leu Met Val Met Pro
385 390 395 400
Gly Phe Trp Ile Gly Gly Ser Val Ile Gln Ser Arg Val Tyr Leu Ser
405 410 415
Gly Val Lys Val Ala Glu
420