CN108948627A - 一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108948627A
CN108948627A CN201710374908.2A CN201710374908A CN108948627A CN 108948627 A CN108948627 A CN 108948627A CN 201710374908 A CN201710374908 A CN 201710374908A CN 108948627 A CN108948627 A CN 108948627A
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薛飞
尚祖睿
潘宝庆
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Jiangsu Chong Cheng Composite Mstar Technology Ltd
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Abstract

一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,包括以下重量份数的各组分:树脂50~80份、稀释剂20~40份、填料30~50份、固化剂0.2~1.0份、紫外线屏蔽剂0.5~2份、玄武岩纤维30~120份。本发明同时公开了该复合材料的制备方法,采用拉挤工艺,以玄武岩纤维为增强体,通过浸渍工艺浸入基体树脂,经预成型模具将纤维集束后进入成型模,在适当的温度和牵引条件下进行凝胶、固化、后固化制得适宜于光伏边框的高性能复合材料。该材料轻质高强,具有很高的比模量和比强度,耐候性好,更难能可贵的是价格非常低廉。成型后的材料密度在1.8g/cm3左右,质量轻非常方便运输和现场操作人员的安装。

Description

一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池组件的技术领域,具体为一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能作为一种绿色,清洁能源越来越受到人类社会的青睐。我国在《“十三五”节能减排综合工作方案》中明确提出:到2020年节能环保、新能源装备等绿色低碳产业总产值突破10万亿元,成为支柱产业。可以说太阳能光伏产业已经成为一个朝阳产业。太阳能发电的核心部件为光伏组件,它包括电池组件和边框。电池组件由钢化玻璃、EVA层、太阳能电池片、EVA层和背板组成,通过层压复合成一个整体。边框是用来保护电池组件和方便其连接固定。电池组件中的玻璃虽然经过钢化处理但是边和角还是比较脆弱,边框可以对其进行保护并提高组件的整体机械强度。
目前太阳能组件边框通常采用铝合金材料,该材料的缺点是价格昂贵,制造过程能耗大污染环境:铝合金铸造前的熔化手段除了用电炉外,燃油炉、燃气炉、燃煤燃焦炭炉都会造成不同程度的大气污染,而铝液处理用的除渣剂、精炼剂、覆盖剂等造成的环境污染更大。因为要保证光伏组件长期户外恶劣环境使用,所以铝边框要具有良好的抗氧化,耐腐蚀等性能,因此铝合金边框表面需要进行化学处理,化学处理过程也会造成空气和水污染。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的铝合金光伏边框价格昂贵、生产过程能耗大、污染环境等问题的缺陷,本发明提供一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料及其制备方法。
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,包括以下重量份数的各组分:
优选的,所述的树脂为乙烯基树脂、邻苯型不饱和树脂和间苯型不饱和树脂中的一种或几种;所述的稀释剂为苯乙烯单体;
进一步的,所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、高岭土、氢氧化铝、云母粉中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述的固化剂为过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化环己酮、过氧化叔丁酯、异丙苯过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化氢中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述的紫外线屏蔽剂为氧化锌、氧化铁、二氧化钛、UV326、UV531中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述的玄武岩纤维为2400tex、4800tex、9600tex的的加捻纱或直接纱。
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、将50~80重量份树脂置于搅拌釜中,再向其中加入0.2~1.0重量份固化剂、20~40重量份稀释剂、30~50重量份填料、0.5~2重量份紫外线屏蔽剂,搅拌2~3h后倒入胶槽中;
2)、将玄武岩纤维30~120重量份置于纱架上,经纱板进入胶槽浸渍,之后过预成型模具集束后到成型模具中,在80~120℃条件下固化成型。
有益效果:本发明采用拉挤工艺,以玄武岩纤维为增强体,通过浸渍工艺浸入基体树脂,经预成型模具将纤维集束后进入成型模,在适当的温度和牵引条件下进行凝胶、固化、后固化制得适宜于光伏边框的高性能复合材料。该材料轻质高强,具有很高的比模量和比强度,耐候性好,更难能可贵的是价格非常低廉。成型后的材料密度在1.8g/cm3左右,质量轻非常方便运输和现场操作人员的安装。采用绿色环保材料玄武岩纤维,该纤维是由单一的玄武岩矿石在高温下熔化后拉丝生产的,其产品和生产过程都无毒无害,是真正的绿色环保产品,我国玄武岩矿石丰富,材料成本低廉,另外玄武岩纤维抗紫外线性能强,大大提高了复合材料的抗老化性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,包括以下重量份数的各组分:
所述的树脂为乙烯基树脂;稀释剂为苯乙烯单体;所述的填料为高岭土;所述的固化剂为过氧化叔丁酯;所述的紫外线屏蔽剂为二氧化钛;所述的玄武岩纤维为4800tex的直接纱。
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、将树脂置于搅拌釜中,再向其中加入固化剂、稀释剂、填料、紫外线屏蔽,搅拌2.5h后倒入胶槽中;
2)、将玄武岩纤维置于纱架上,经纱板进入胶槽浸渍,之后过预成型模具集束后到成型模具中,在80℃条件下固化成型。
实施例2
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,包括以下重量份数的各组分:
树脂为邻苯型不饱和树脂;稀释剂为苯乙烯单体;填料为碳酸钙和氢氧化铝的混合物;所述的固化剂为过氧化甲乙酮和过氧化苯甲酰的混合物;紫外线屏蔽剂为氧化锌和UV326的混合物;所述的玄武岩纤维为2400tex加捻纱和9600tex的直接纱。
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、将树脂置于搅拌釜中,再向其中加入固化剂、稀释剂、填料、紫外线屏蔽,搅拌2h后倒入胶槽中;
2)、将玄武岩纤维置于纱架上,经纱板进入胶槽浸渍,之后过预成型模具集束后到成型模具中,在120℃条件下固化成型。
实施例3
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,包括以下重量份数的各组分:
所述的树脂为乙烯基树脂和间苯型不饱和树脂;稀释剂为苯乙烯单体;所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉和云母粉的混合物;所述的固化剂为过氧化苯甲酰和异丙苯过氧化氢的混合物;所述的紫外线屏蔽剂为氧化铁和UV531中的混合物;所述的玄武岩纤维为2400tex的直接纱和9600tex的直接纱。
一种适用于光伏边框的高性能21复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、将树脂置于搅拌釜中,再向其中加入固化剂、稀释剂、填料、紫外线屏蔽,搅拌3h后倒入胶槽中;
2)、将玄武岩纤维置于纱架上,经纱板进入胶槽浸渍,之后过预成型模具集束后到成型模具中,在100℃条件下固化成型。

Claims (8)

1.一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的各组分:
2.如权利要求1所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的树脂为乙烯基树脂、邻苯型不饱和树脂和间苯型不饱和树脂中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的稀释剂为苯乙烯单体。
4.如权利要求3所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、高岭土、氢氧化铝和云母粉中的一种或几种。
5.如权利要求1或4所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的固化剂为过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化环己酮、过氧化叔丁酯、异丙苯过氧化氢和叔丁基过氧化氢中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求5所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的紫外线屏蔽剂为氧化锌、氧化铁、二氧化钛、UV326和UV531中的一种或几种。
7.如权利要求1或6所述的适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料,其特征在于,所述的玄武岩纤维为2400tex、4800tex和9600tex的加捻纱或直接纱。
8.一种适用于光伏边框的高性能复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)、将50~80重量份树脂置于搅拌釜中,再向其中加入0.2~1.0重量份固化剂、20~40重量份稀释剂、30~50重量份填料、0.5~2重量份紫外线屏蔽剂,搅拌2~3h后倒入胶槽中;
2)、将玄武岩纤维30~120重量份置于纱架上,经纱板进入胶槽浸渍,之后过预成型模具集束后到成型模具中,在80~120℃条件下固化成型。
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Application publication date: 20181207