CN108940792A - 一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺 - Google Patents
一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108940792A CN108940792A CN201811179935.5A CN201811179935A CN108940792A CN 108940792 A CN108940792 A CN 108940792A CN 201811179935 A CN201811179935 A CN 201811179935A CN 108940792 A CN108940792 A CN 108940792A
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- furniture assembly
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0209—Multistage baking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
- B05D3/0263—After-treatment with IR heaters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
- B05D3/0413—Heating with air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0466—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being a non-reacting gas
- B05D3/048—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being a non-reacting gas for cooling
Abstract
本发明公开了一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，包括以下步骤：(1)将板材或原木材料按照规定的尺寸加工成各种家具组件，用砂纸打磨家具组件的表面直至平整光滑，对于凹缺部分用耐高温腻子补平后再打磨光滑，再把家具组件表面的灰尘清理干净；本发明采用微波加热固化，相比于传统固化工艺，微波固化能耗低、时间短且微波均匀性好、易于控制，涂层内外均匀受热，提高了涂层与家具组件表面的结合性能，避免涂层脱落现象的发生，微波能选择性地加热家具组件的表面而不加热家具组件的内部以及周围环境，能源利用率高，生产成本大大较低。
Description
一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种家具加工技术领域，尤其涉及一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工 -H- 〇
背景技术
[0002] 近年来，各级政府对环境保护法律法规的日益健全，正在促使木器家具行业加速 采用环保型涂料替代传统溶剂型涂料，其中水性涂料已成为市场关注的一个主要方向，但 其存在的涂装效果、使用环境容忍性和对水资源的潜在危害等问题，都成为制约水性涂料 进一步发展的阻力。
[0003] 在家具行业，粉末涂料以其色彩鲜艳、坚固耐用的特点已经在一些金属家具领域 获得广泛运用，由于具有非常好的装饰效果，固化烘烤时涂膜不泛黄，物理性能良好，以及 优良的耐候性，获得了金属家具行业的青睐。
[0004] 粉末涂装工艺过程不采用任何溶剂，无挥发性有机物及其他有毒有害气体释放， 不会污染空气和水体，喷涂过程无气味，喷过的粉末可回收利用。因此，在木制品及木制家 具行业中采用粉末涂装工艺是未来发展的重要方向。
[0005] 静电喷涂是利用高压静电电场使带负电的涂料微粒沿着电场相反的方向定向运 动，并将涂料微粒吸附在工件表面的一种喷涂方法。工作时喷枪内的涂料微粒部分接负极， 工件接正极并接地，在高压电源的高电压作用下，喷枪的端部与工件之间就形成一个静电 场。
[0006] 对于木质品及木制家具，由于静电喷涂时需要将木板接正极并接地，而木板为绝 缘材料，并不能导电，传统的静电喷粉方法并不适用。
[0007] 另一方面，传统固化过程一般是直接将工件置于烘箱中，在高温下涂层固化，由于 粉末涂层外层先与热的气体接触受热固化，外层产生应压力，而内层缓慢固化，与工件接触 的粉末涂层内层产生应张力，从而导致内层与木质工件表面附着力下降，粉末涂层很容易 从木质工件表面脱落。
发明内容
[0008] 本发明克服了现有技术不足，提供了一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺。
[0009] 本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
[0010] —种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，包括以下步骤：
[0011] (1)将板材或原木材料按照规定的尺寸加工成各种家具组件，用砂纸打磨家具组 件的表面直至平整光滑，对于凹缺部分用耐高温腻子补平后再打磨光滑，再把家具组件表 面的灰尘清理干净；
[0012] (2)在上述清理干净的家具组件表面均匀的刷上一层导电胶，导电胶表面光滑平 整，再将家具组件送入预热炉内，采用中波红外和热风混合预热2-3分钟，使得家具组件表 面温度升至90-110°C;
[0013] (3)将上述预热好的家具组件转移至喷粉房中，在温度为20-30°C、相对湿度为50-70%的环境下，用静电喷枪将粉末均匀的喷涂在家具组件表面导电胶上，形成粉末涂层，通 过控制静电喷涂时间来调节粉末涂层的厚度；
[0014] (4)将喷粉后的家具组件送入固化炉中，根据粉末涂层的固化温度和涂层总厚度 来设置微波参数，同时通入惰性气体，家具组件的温度在大功率微波作用下开始迅速升高 时，调整惰性气体浓度使炉内压力始终比家具组件内部压力低；
[0015] (5)待家具组件表面涂层受热固化完成后，将炉内抽真空排出杂质气体，杂质气体 排完后迅速通入惰性气体，使炉内压力比家具组件内部压力高，待家具组件冷却至室温后 取出，经检验、包装入库后，得到成品家具组件。
[0016] 优选的，所述步骤⑵中红外线的波长范围为5-15微米。
[0017] 优选的，所述步骤⑵中导电胶在温度大于110°C时仍保持良好的粘结性。
[0018] 优选的，所述步骤(5)中家具组件表面固化的涂层包含导电胶层和粉末涂层，总厚 度为 100-150μηι。
[0019] 优选的，所述步骤⑶中微波固化将家具组件表面加热至130±10°C，固化时间2-4 分钟。
[0020] 与现有技术相比，本发明的优点是：
[0021] 本发明在木质家具组件表面刷上一层导电胶，在提高了家具表面导电性的同时， 也提高了家具组件表面与粉末涂层的粘结强度;再采用中波红外和热风混合预热的方式， 使家具组件快速受热将内部水分驱赶至表面，提高家具组件表面的导电性能，为下一步在 室温下进行粉末静电吸附打下良好的基础。
[0022] 采用微波加热的方式来固化涂层，微波是一种内部加热，被驱赶至家具组件表面 的水分处于振荡周期极短的微波高频电场内，会发生极化并沿着微波电场的方向整齐排 列，而后迅速随高频交变电场方向的交互变化而转动，并产生剧烈的碰撞和摩擦，从而产生 大量的热量，使涂层从内向外开始传热固化，与此同时采用低压工艺，使涂层内层的水分和 气泡向外排出，带动热量迅速向外传递，从而使得涂层内外基本上同时受热固化，避免了涂 层内外不同时受热而产生应力，导致内层与家具组件表面的附着力下降，涂层容易脱落现 象的发生。
[0023] 在涂层固化结束后，家具组件降温过程中，采用高压工艺，提高涂层的致密性和均 匀性，使家具组件表面涂层具有良好的成型后性能。
[0024] 本发明采用微波加热固化，相比于传统固化工艺，微波固化能耗低、时间短且微波 均匀性好、易于控制，涂层内外均匀受热，提高了涂层与家具组件表面的结合性能，避免涂 层脱落现象的发生，微波能选择性地加热家具组件的表面而不加热家具组件的内部以及周 围环境，能源利用率高，生产成本大大较低。
具体实施方式
[0025] 下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述：
[0026] 实施例：
[0027] —种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，包括以下步骤：
[0028] (1)将板材或原木材料按照规定的尺寸加工成各种家具组件，用砂纸打磨家具组 件的表面直至平整光滑，对于凹缺部分用耐高温腻子补平后再打磨光滑，再把家具组件表 面的灰尘清理干净；
[0029] (2)在上述清理干净的家具组件表面均匀的刷上一层导电胶，导电胶表面光滑平 整，再将家具组件送入预热炉内，采用中波红外和热风混合预热2分钟，使得家具组件表面 温度升至90 °C;
[0030] (3)将上述预热好的家具组件转移至喷粉房中，在温度为25°C、相对湿度为60%的 环境下，用静电喷枪将粉末均匀的喷涂在家具组件表面导电胶上，形成粉末涂层，通过控制 静电喷涂时间来调节粉末涂层的厚度；
[0031] (4)将喷粉后的家具组件送入固化炉中，根据粉末涂层的固化温度和涂层总厚度 来设置微波参数，同时通入惰性气体，家具组件的温度在大功率微波作用下开始迅速升高 时，调整惰性气体浓度使炉内压力始终比家具组件内部压力低；
[0032] (5)待家具组件表面涂层受热固化完成后，将炉内抽真空排出杂质气体，杂质气体 排完后迅速通入惰性气体，使炉内压力比家具组件内部压力高，待家具组件冷却至室温后 取出，经检验、包装入库后，得到成品家具组件。
[0033] 其中，步骤⑵中红外线的波长范围为10微米。
[0034] 其中，步骤⑵中导电胶在温度大于IHTC时仍保持良好的粘结性。
[0035] 其中，步骤（5)中家具组件表面固化的涂层包含导电胶层和粉末涂层，总厚度为 120um〇
[0036] 其中，步骤⑶中微波固化将家具组件表面加热至130°C，固化时间3分钟。
[0037] 下表是以本发明的技术手段生产出的木制家具与传统工艺木质家具的各项对比 情况：
[0038]
[0039] 上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方 式的限定。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上能够做出其它不同 形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而这些属于本发明的精 神所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动均处于本发明的保护范围和公开范围之中。
Claims (5)
1. 一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤： (1) 将板材或原木材料按照规定的尺寸加工成各种家具组件，用砂纸打磨家具组件的 表面直至平整光滑，对于凹缺部分用耐高温腻子补平后再打磨光滑，再把家具组件表面的 灰尘清理干净； (2) 在上述清理干净的家具组件表面均匀的刷上一层导电胶，导电胶表面光滑平整，再 将家具组件送入预热炉内，采用中波红外和热风混合预热2-3分钟，使得家具组件表面温度 升至 90-110°C; (3) 将上述预热好的家具组件转移至喷粉房中，在温度为20-30°C、相对湿度为50-70% 的环境下，用静电喷枪将粉末均匀的喷涂在家具组件表面导电胶上，形成粉末涂层，通过控 制静电喷涂时间来调节粉末涂层的厚度； (4) 将喷粉后的家具组件送入固化炉中，根据粉末涂层的固化温度和涂层总厚度来设 置微波参数，同时通入惰性气体，家具组件的温度在大功率微波作用下开始迅速升高时，调 整惰性气体浓度使炉内压力始终比家具组件内部压力低； (5) 待家具组件表面涂层受热固化完成后，将炉内抽真空排出杂质气体，杂质气体排完 后迅速通入惰性气体，使炉内压力比家具组件内部压力高，待家具组件冷却至室温后取出， 经检验、包装入库后，得到成品家具组件。
2. 如权利要求1所述的一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(2) 中红外线的波长范围为5-15微米。
3. 如权利要求1所述的一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(2) 中导电胶在温度大于ll〇°C时仍保持良好的粘结性。
4. 如权利要求1所述的一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(5) 中家具组件表面固化的涂层包含导电胶层和粉末涂层，总厚度为100-150μπι。
5. 如权利要求1所述的一种木制家具表面的粉末喷涂工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(5) 中微波固化将家具组件表面加热至130 ± 10 °C，固化时间2-4分钟。
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