CN108908094B - Grinding disc, equipment and method for finishing rolling surface of cylindrical roller - Google Patents
Grinding disc, equipment and method for finishing rolling surface of cylindrical roller Download PDFInfo
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- CN108908094B CN108908094B CN201810850339.9A CN201810850339A CN108908094B CN 108908094 B CN108908094 B CN 108908094B CN 201810850339 A CN201810850339 A CN 201810850339A CN 108908094 B CN108908094 B CN 108908094B
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 830
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 81
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/02—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working surfaces of revolution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses grinding equipment and a grinding disc kit for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface. The host machine comprises a base, a stand column, a cross beam, a sliding table, an upper tray, a lower tray, an axial loading device and a main shaft device. The roller circulation off-disc system comprises a roller collecting mechanism, a roller conveying system, a roller finishing mechanism and a roller feeding mechanism. The abrasive disk package includes a pair of first and second abrasive disks coaxially and oppositely disposed on the front face. The front surface of the first grinding disc comprises a group of linear grooves which are radially distributed on the base surface (right circular cone surface) of the first grinding disc, the front surface of the second grinding disc comprises one or more spiral grooves which are distributed on the base surface (right circular cone surface) of the second grinding disc, and the sum of cone apex angles of the base surfaces of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is 360 degrees. The grinding device has the finishing capability of large-batch cylindrical roller rolling surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grinding disc kit, grinding equipment and a grinding method for finish machining of a cylindrical roller rolling surface, and belongs to the technical field of precision machining of bearing rolling bodies.
Background
Cylindrical roller bearings are widely used in various rotary machines. The shape accuracy and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, which is one of the important parts of the cylindrical roller bearing, have an important influence on the performance of the bearing. At present, the known processing technological processes of the cylindrical roller rolling surface include blank forming (turning or cold heading or rolling), rough machining (soft grinding rolling surface), heat treatment, semi-finishing (hard grinding rolling surface) and finish machining. The main process method of the known cylindrical roller rolling surface finish machining is superfinishing.
Superfinishing is a finishing process that utilizes fine-grained oilstones as abrasive tools, the oilstones applying relatively low pressure to the workpiece processing surface and performing high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration and low-speed feed motion along the workpiece processing surface, thereby achieving micro-cutting. Currently, the finishing of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller mostly adopts a centerless penetrating superfinishing method. The processing part of the equipment consists of a pair of counter-inclined superfinishing guide rollers and a superfinishing head (or a group of superfinishing heads) provided with oilstones, the cylindrical rollers are supported and driven by the guide rollers, and perform rotary motion and low-speed feeding motion along a track which is matched with the plain line of the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers, the superfinishing head presses the oilstones to the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers under lower pressure, and simultaneously the oilstones perform high-speed micro reciprocating vibration along the plain line of the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers, so that the finish processing is performed on the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers. In the coreless through-type superfinishing process, the same batch of cylindrical rollers sequentially pass through the machining zone and are subjected to the oilstone superfinishing.
In addition, there is a centreless cut-in superfinishing method, the processing part of the equipment is composed of a pair of superfinishing guide rollers which are arranged in parallel and a superfinishing head (or a group of superfinishing heads) which is provided with oilstones, the cylindrical rollers are supported by the guide rollers and driven to rotate, the superfinishing head presses the oilstones to the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers under lower pressure, and meanwhile, the superfinishing head carries out low-speed feeding motion and high-speed micro-amplitude reciprocating vibration along a track which is suitable for the element line of the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers, so as to finish the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers. In the centerless plunge superfinishing process, cylindrical rollers of the same batch enter the machining area one by one and undergo oilstone superfinishing.
The two cylindrical roller rolling surface superfinishing methods have the following two technical defects: on one hand, the change of the abrasion states of the oilstone and the guide roller along with time in the processing process is not beneficial to the improvement of the shape precision and the dimensional precision of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller; on the other hand, since the superfinishing equipment processes only a single (or a few) cylindrical roller at a time, the amount of material removed from the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller is hardly affected by the difference in diameter of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller in the same batch, and therefore it is difficult to effectively improve the diameter dispersion of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller by the superfinishing equipment. The technical defects in the two aspects lead to the limitation of improvement of the shape precision and the dimensional consistency of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller.
The device (equipment) and method related to the finishing of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller at the present stage also comprise the following steps:
chinese patent publication No. CN102476350a: the utility model discloses a cylindrical roller external diameter centerless grinding processingequipment, including two cast iron grinding rolls of radius one big one little, there is the interval between the grinding rolls, installs the feed chute above the interval, is provided with the top board above the feed chute, and the top board top adds and is equipped with the pressurization weight, and the contact surface of top board and roller is convex. The linear speeds of the two grinding rollers are different, so that relative sliding is generated between the cylindrical roller and the grinding rollers. Adjusting the angle of the small grinding roller in the vertical and horizontal directions can drive the roller to feed along the axial direction. The grinding roller drives the cylindrical roller and simultaneously grinds the surface of the roller.
Chinese patent publication No. CN204736036U: a processing device for grinding the outer circular surface of a precise cylindrical roller is disclosed. The method is characterized in that: the processing device comprises an air cylinder, a support frame, a grinding tool bottom plate, a grinding tool, driving rollers and a base, wherein the two driving rollers are parallel to the symmetrical central plane of the processing device, the left end of one driving roller is tilted upwards in a vertical plane to form 1-5 degrees with a horizontal plane, and the right end of the other driving roller is tilted downwards in the vertical plane to form 1-5 degrees with the horizontal plane; the surfaces of the two driving rollers are coated with damping coating to increase friction coefficient. The grinding apparatus is fixed on the grinding apparatus bottom plate, applys the process pressure through the cylinder, and the cylinder is installed on the support frame, and support frame and drive roller are installed on the base. When in processing, the cylindrical rollers are arranged at one end of the driving rollers, tangential force generated by the two driving rollers enables the cylindrical rollers to rotate around the central shaft, generated axial force enables the cylindrical rollers to feed through along the central shaft, and the grinding tool is used for processing the cylindrical surfaces of the rollers.
The two devices all adopt two driving rollers to support and drive the cylindrical roller to advance, a grinding tool is arranged above the cylindrical roller perpendicular to the advancing direction of the cylindrical roller to process the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical roller, and all the cylindrical rollers sequentially pass through a processing area during processing. Such devices have the same two-way technical drawbacks as superfinishing equipment.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104608046a: the invention discloses an ultraprecise processing method of a cylindrical surface of a bearing cylindrical roller, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: grinding the cylindrical roller to be processed by adopting double-plane cylindrical part excircle ultra-precision processing equipment; the adopted double-plane cylindrical part excircle ultra-precision machining equipment comprises: the upper grinding disc, the lower grinding disc, the outer gear ring, the eccentric wheel and the retainer are concentrically arranged, and are driven independently; a plurality of workpiece clamping slots are formed in the surface of the disc-shaped retainer, and the slots are radially distributed; the rotating shaft of the retainer is arranged concentrically with the center of the eccentric wheel, and the center of the retainer and the axle center of the eccentric wheel have offset distance; the retainer is matched with the gear of the outer gear ring, and the retainer is driven by the outer gear ring and the eccentric wheel simultaneously. Before grinding, placing the cylindrical roller in a slot hole of a retainer, and applying a downward pressure on an upper grinding disc; the workpiece is positioned between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc and is contacted with the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc; the upper grinding disc, the lower grinding disc, the outer gear ring and the eccentric wheel are driven to rotate, and the workpiece moves in a rolling mode under the driving of the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc and simultaneously moves in a cycloid mode around the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc under the driving of the retainer.
Chinese patent publication No. CN103522166a: the invention discloses a cylindrical part excircle processing method based on upper disc eccentric pressurization, which is characterized in that: the processing device of the processing method comprises an upper grinding disc, a retainer and a lower grinding disc. The upper grinding disc is positioned above the lower grinding disc, the retainer is positioned between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, the rotating shaft of the retainer and the rotating shaft of the lower grinding disc are coaxially arranged, and a certain offset exists between the rotating shaft of the upper grinding disc and the rotating shaft of the retainer. During processing, the loading device acts on the cylindrical part eccentrically through the upper grinding disc, and the outer circle of the cylindrical part is processed through the plane cooperation abrasive of the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc.
Chinese patent publication No. CN105798765a: the invention discloses a four-plane reciprocating cylindrical roller grinding method and a device, which are characterized in that: the frame is internally provided with a mounting frame driven by a power source to rotate, and the circumferential outer wall of the mounting frame is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting cylindrical rollers; and a grinding plate which is in sliding fit with the cylindrical roller is correspondingly arranged on the frame and the mounting frame. When the grinding device is used, the cylindrical rollers are arranged on the mounting frame, and the plurality of cylindrical rollers in the grinding plate are ground simultaneously by rotating the mounting frame.
The three devices (equipment) can process a plurality of cylindrical parts simultaneously, and the cylindrical parts with larger diameters have larger removal amount of the cylindrical surface materials, thereby being beneficial to the improvement of the dimensional consistency. However, such devices (facilities) do not have high volume production capacity due to the closed nature of their processing devices (facilities).
Chinese patent publication nos. CN104493689a and CN104493684a: a cylindrical part double-disc straight groove grinding disc, grinding equipment and a grinding method are disclosed, wherein the equipment comprises a workpiece propelling device, a workpiece conveying device and a grinding disc device. The grinding disc device comprises a first grinding disc and a second grinding disc, the two grinding discs rotate relatively, the working surface of the first grinding disc is a plane, a group of radial straight grooves are formed in the surface of the second grinding disc, which is opposite to the first grinding disc, the two side surfaces of each straight groove are working surfaces of the second grinding disc, the cross section outline of each working surface of each second grinding disc is arc-shaped or V-shaped with an arc, and the value range of an included angle between a normal plane at the contact point of a workpiece to be machined and the straight groove or the midpoint of the contact arc and the reference surface of each straight groove is 30-60 degrees; the workpiece pushing device is arranged in a central through hole of the second grinding disc and comprises a main body, and a plurality of pushing mechanisms and storage tanks which are arranged on the main body.
When the equipment is used for grinding the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical roller, on one hand, the cylindrical roller can circulate inside and outside the grinding disc, and the equipment has the capacity of mass production; on the other hand, in the grinding processing area, the device can simultaneously carry out comparative processing on a large number of cylindrical rollers, so that more cylindrical surface materials of the cylindrical rollers with larger diameters are removed, and the improvement of the uniformity of the cylindrical surface dimensions of the cylindrical rollers is facilitated.
However, with the conventional double-disk straight groove polishing disk, the number of straight grooves which can be provided in the second polishing disk is small due to the restriction of the diameter of the central through hole of the second polishing disk. The improvement scheme is as follows: the working surface of the first grinding disc is a conical surface, and a group of radial straight grooves are arranged on the surface of the second grinding disc opposite to the working surface (conical surface) of the first grinding disc. On the one hand, under the condition that the outer diameter of the second grinding disc and the length of the straight grooves are fixed, the diameter of the central through hole can be increased by adjusting the cone apex angle of the conical surface of the first grinding disc, so that the number of the straight grooves on the second grinding disc is increased. With the increase of the number of the straight grooves on the second grinding disc, the number of the cylindrical rollers participating in the grinding process is increased, and the grinding process efficiency and the size consistency of the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical rollers can be improved. On the other hand, compared with a plane grinding disc, the conical surface grinding disc has the advantage of self-centering, and is more beneficial to improving the uniformity of the cylindrical surface dimension of the cylindrical roller.
Moreover, when the existing double-disc straight-groove grinding disc is used for grinding the cylindrical roller, the workpiece propelling device is required to continuously apply axial thrust to the cylindrical roller to be processed so as to maintain the axial feeding of the cylindrical roller to be processed along the straight groove, and the axial propelling capability requirement of the workpiece propelling device is high. The improvement scheme is as follows: the planar working surface of the first grinding disc is designed to be a spiral groove working surface, and the workpiece propelling device only needs to propel the processed cylindrical roller to the intersection of the straight groove and the spiral groove, and the subsequent axial feeding of the processed cylindrical roller can be completed by means of the spiral propelling of the spiral groove working surface.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a grinding disc kit, grinding equipment and a grinding method for finishing the cylindrical roller rolling surface, wherein the grinding equipment provided with the grinding disc kit has the finishing capability of a large number of cylindrical roller rolling surfaces, can realize the high-point material removal and the low-point material removal of the cylindrical roller rolling surfaces, and has the advantages of more material removal and less material removal of the cylindrical roller rolling surfaces with larger diameters, thereby improving the shape precision and the size consistency of the cylindrical roller rolling surfaces, improving the processing efficiency of the cylindrical roller rolling surfaces and reducing the processing cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an abrasive disc kit for finishing the rolling surface of a cylindrical roller, which comprises a pair of first abrasive discs and second abrasive discs which are coaxial, wherein the front surfaces of the first abrasive discs and the front surfaces of the second abrasive discs are oppositely arranged;
the front surface of the first grinding disc comprises a group of radial linear grooves and transition surfaces connected with the adjacent linear grooves; the surface of the linear groove comprises a linear groove working surface which is contacted with the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed during grinding processing and a non-working surface which is not contacted with the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed; the linear groove working surface is arranged on a linear groove scanning surface, and the linear groove scanning surface is a constant-section scanning surface; the scanning path of the linear groove scanning surface is a straight line, and the generatrix of the linear groove scanning surface is in the normal section of the linear groove; in the straight line groove normal section, the normal section outline of the straight line groove scanning surface is an arc with the curvature radius equal to that of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller; the scanning path of the linear groove scanning surface passes through the curvature center of the normal section outline, and the scanning path is a linear groove baseline; all the linear groove base lines are distributed on a right conical surface, the right conical surface is a first grinding disc base surface, the axis of the first grinding disc base surface is a first grinding disc axis, and the cone apex angle of the first grinding disc base surface is 2 alpha;
The linear groove base line is arranged in the first grinding disc shaft section, and the first grinding disc shaft section containing the linear groove base line is the center plane of the linear groove working surface; during grinding, the axis of the cylindrical roller to be machined is in the central plane of the linear groove working surface, the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be machined is in surface contact with the linear groove working surface, and the axis of the cylindrical roller to be machined is overlapped with the linear groove base line;
the front surface of the second grinding disc comprises one or more spiral grooves and a transition surface connected with the adjacent spiral grooves; the surface of the spiral groove comprises a spiral groove working surface which is contacted with the cylindrical roller to be processed during grinding processing and a non-working surface which is not contacted with the cylindrical roller to be processed; the spiral groove working surface comprises a first working surface which is contacted with the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed during grinding processing and a second working surface which is contacted with a rounding corner of one end surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed; the first working surface and the second working surface are respectively arranged on the first scanning surface and the second scanning surface, and the first scanning surface and the second scanning surface are uniform-section scanning surfaces; the rolling surface and the end face rounding of the processed cylindrical roller are tangent to the first working surface and the second working surface respectively under the constraint of the first grinding disc linear groove working surface; the scanning paths of the first scanning surface and the second scanning surface are regular cone spiral lines which pass through the midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller on the axis of the processed cylindrical roller and are distributed on a regular cone surface; the right conical surface is a second grinding disc base surface, and the axis of the second grinding disc base surface is a second grinding disc axis; the generatrix (namely scanning outline) of the first scanning surface and the second scanning surface is arranged in the axial section of the second grinding disc; the cone apex angle of the second grinding disc basal plane is 2β, and 2α+2β=360°;
When 2α=2β=180°, the first grinding disc axis is perpendicular to the first grinding disc base surface, the second grinding disc axis is perpendicular to the second grinding disc base surface, and there is a case where the linear groove base line is not within the first grinding disc shaft section in addition to the linear groove base line being within the first grinding disc shaft section; when the linear groove baseline is not in the first grinding disc axial section, the central plane of the linear groove working surface is parallel to the first grinding disc axial line and contains the linear groove baseline.
Further, each linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc is positioned at the outer edge of the first grinding disc, and each linear groove outlet of the first grinding disc is positioned at the inner edge of the first grinding disc; or each linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc is positioned at the inner edge of the first grinding disc, and each linear groove outlet of the first grinding disc is positioned at the outer edge of the first grinding disc.
When the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, the sliding friction driving moment generated by the friction pair formed by the material of the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc, and the material of the processed cylindrical roller is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the friction pair formed by the material of the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc and the material of the processed cylindrical roller, and the material of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc and the material of the processed cylindrical roller rotate around the axis of the second grinding disc are used for continuously rotating around the axis of the second grinding disc.
When in grinding processing, under the constraint of the linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc, the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller is in line contact with the first working surface of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc, and the rounded corner of one end surface of the processed cylindrical roller is in line contact or point contact with the second working surface of the spiral groove; the cylindrical roller to be processed has only a degree of freedom of rotational movement about its own axis.
When in grinding processing, a processed cylindrical roller is distributed in the linear groove of the first grinding disk along the linear groove base line at each intersection point of the spiral groove of the second grinding disk and the linear groove of the first grinding disk. Definition: and the area formed by the surrounding of the straight line groove working surface of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disc corresponds to each intersection point.
The invention also provides grinding equipment for finishing the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, which comprises a host machine, a roller circulating disc external system and a grinding disc kit;
the host comprises a base, an upright post, a cross beam, a sliding table, an upper tray, a lower tray, an axial loading device and a main shaft device;
The base, the upright posts and the cross beams form a frame of the host;
the first grinding disc of the grinding disc suite is connected with the lower tray, and the second grinding disc of the grinding disc suite is connected with the upper tray;
the sliding table is connected with the cross beam through the axial loading device, and the upright post can also serve as a guide component to provide a guide function for the sliding table to move linearly along the axis of the second grinding disc; the sliding table is driven by the axial loading device to linearly move along the axis of the second grinding disc under the constraint of the stand column or other guide components;
the main shaft device is used for driving the first grinding disc or the second grinding disc to rotate around the axis of the first grinding disc or the second grinding disc;
the roller circulation outside-disc system comprises a roller collecting mechanism, a roller conveying system, a roller finishing mechanism and a roller feeding mechanism;
the roller collecting mechanism is arranged at each linear groove outlet of the first grinding disc and is used for collecting processed cylindrical rollers which leave the grinding processing area from each linear groove outlet;
the roller conveying system is used for conveying the processed cylindrical roller from the roller collecting mechanism to the roller feeding mechanism;
The roller finishing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the roller feeding mechanism and is used for adjusting the axis of the processed cylindrical roller to the direction required by the roller feeding mechanism;
during grinding, the rotation of the grinding disc sleeve member has two modes; in the first mode, the first grinding disc rotates around the axis of the first grinding disc, and the second grinding disc does not rotate; the second mode is that the first grinding disc does not rotate, and the second grinding disc rotates around the axis of the second grinding disc;
the host has three configurations: a mainframe configured for the abrasive disk assembly to revolve in a manner; the second main machine type is used for the grinding disc suite to revolve in a second mode; the third main machine type is applicable to both the first rotation of the grinding disc kit and the second rotation of the grinding disc kit;
corresponding to host configuration one:
the main shaft device is arranged on the base and drives the first grinding disc to rotate around the axis of the first grinding disc through the lower tray connected with the main shaft device; the upper tray is connected with the sliding table;
during grinding, the first grinding disc rotates around the axis; the sliding table approaches to the first grinding disc along the axis of the second grinding disc along with an upper tray connected with the sliding table and a second grinding disc connected with the upper tray under the constraint of the upright post or other guide components, and working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical rollers distributed in each linear groove of the first grinding disc;
Each spiral groove of the second grinding disc is provided with a roller feeding mechanism, and the roller feeding mechanisms are respectively arranged at the inlets of the spiral grooves of the second grinding disc and are used for pushing a cylindrical roller to be processed into the inlets of the linear grooves when any linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc is intersected with the inlet of the spiral groove;
corresponding to host configuration two:
the main shaft device is arranged on the sliding table, and drives the second grinding disc to rotate around the axis of the second grinding disc through the upper tray connected with the main shaft device; the lower tray is mounted on the base;
during grinding, the second grinding disc rotates around the axis; the sliding table approaches to the first grinding disc along the axis of the second grinding disc along with a main shaft device, an upper tray connected with the main shaft device and the second grinding disc connected with the upper tray under the constraint of the upright post or other guide parts, and working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical rollers distributed in each linear groove of the first grinding disc;
each linear groove of the first grinding disc is provided with a roller feeding mechanism, and the roller feeding mechanisms are respectively arranged at the inlets of the linear grooves of the first grinding disc and are used for pushing a cylindrical roller to be processed into the inlets of the linear grooves when any spiral groove inlet of the second grinding disc is intersected with the inlet of the linear groove;
Corresponding to host configuration three:
two sets of spindle devices are arranged, one set of spindle device is arranged on the base, the first grinding disc is driven to rotate around the axis of the first grinding disc through the lower tray connected with the spindle device, the other set of spindle device is arranged on the sliding table, and the second grinding disc is driven to rotate around the axis of the second grinding disc through the upper tray connected with the spindle device; the two sets of spindle devices are provided with locking mechanisms, only one of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is allowed to rotate at the same time, and the other grinding disc is in a circumferential locking state;
when the grinding disc set of the grinding device carries out grinding processing in a mode of rotating, the relative motion of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is the same as that of the main machine; the installation position and the function of the roller feeding mechanism are the same as those of the main frame one;
when the grinding disc set of the grinding equipment carries out grinding processing in a mode II, the relative motion of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is the same as that of the main machine mode II; the installation position and the function of the roller feeding mechanism are the same as those of the second main machine form;
when in grinding processing, the processed cylindrical rollers enter a grinding processing area from each linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc, leave the grinding processing area from each linear groove outlet of the first grinding disc, and enter each linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc sequentially through the roller collecting mechanism, the roller conveying system, the roller finishing mechanism and the roller feeding mechanism to form a cycle of linear feeding of the processed cylindrical rollers between the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc along a linear groove base line and collecting, conveying, finishing and feeding through a roller circulating disc external system; the path of the circulation outside the grinding disc suite is from each linear groove outlet of the first grinding disc, sequentially passes through the roller collecting mechanism, the roller conveying system, the roller tidying mechanism and the roller feeding mechanism, and enters each linear groove inlet of the first grinding disc, and the path is defined as a roller circulation disc external path.
Further, during grinding processing, the first grinding disc base surface is overlapped with the second grinding disc base surface; and gaps exist between the transition surface of the front surface of the first grinding disc, which is connected with the adjacent linear grooves, and the transition surface of the front surface of the second grinding disc, which is connected with the adjacent spiral grooves.
The invention also provides a grinding method for finishing the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller by using the grinding equipment, which comprises the following steps:
the first step, the second grinding disc approaches to the first grinding disc along the axis of the second grinding disc, and the space of each grinding processing area formed by the surrounding of the linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disc can only accommodate one processed cylindrical roller;
step two, corresponding to a first rotation mode of the grinding disc suite, the axis of the first grinding disc rotates at a low speed of 1-10 rpm relative to the second grinding disc; corresponding to a second rotation mode of the grinding disc suite, the axis of the second grinding disc rotates at a low speed of 1-10 rpm relative to the first grinding disc; the rotation direction of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is determined according to the rotation direction of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc and the positions of the inlet and the outlet of the spiral groove;
Step three, starting a roller conveying system, a roller finishing mechanism and a roller feeding mechanism; adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism to be matched with the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc so as to ensure that when the spiral groove inlets of the second grinding disc are intersected with the linear groove inlets of the first grinding disc, a cylindrical roller to be processed enters each intersection of the spiral groove inlets and the linear groove inlets under the action of the roller feeding mechanism; the conveying speed of the roller conveying system and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism are adjusted to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism, so that cylindrical rollers to be processed timely enter the intersection of all inlets under the action of the roller feeding mechanism through the roller conveying system and the roller finishing mechanism; the processed cylindrical roller entering the intersection of the inlet is then moved into the grinding processing area under the pushing action of the spiral groove working surface at the spiral groove inlet of the second grinding disc due to the relative rotation of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc; the cylindrical roller to be processed entering the grinding processing area makes linear feeding movement along the linear groove base line of the first grinding disk under the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disk, penetrates through the linear groove and leaves the grinding processing area from the intersection of the outlets of each spiral groove of the second grinding disk and the outlets of each linear groove of the first grinding disk; the cylindrical rollers to be processed leaving the grinding processing area sequentially enter an inlet intersection under the action of a roller feeding mechanism after the original sequence is disturbed through a roller collecting mechanism, a roller conveying system and a roller finishing mechanism; thereby establishing the linear feeding of the processed cylindrical roller between the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc along the linear groove baseline and the cycle of collection, conveying, arrangement and feeding through a roller circulating system outside the disc;
Step four, adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc to 15-60 rpm relative working rotation speed, adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism to the working feeding speed to match the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc, and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying system and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism to ensure that the stock of the processed cylindrical rollers in the outer system of the roller circulating disc is matched, and the circulation is smooth and orderly;
fifthly, filling grinding liquid into the grinding processing area;
step six, the second grinding disc approaches to the first grinding disc along the axis of the second grinding disc, so that the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller in the grinding processing area is respectively in surface contact with the straight line groove working surface of the first grinding disc and in line contact with the first working surface of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc, and initial working pressure of 0.5-2N is applied to each processed cylindrical roller distributed in the grinding processing area according to the average of each processed cylindrical roller; the processed cylindrical roller continuously rotates around the axis of the processed cylindrical roller under the friction drive of the spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disc; meanwhile, the processed cylindrical roller makes linear feeding movement along a linear groove base line of the first grinding disc under the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface; the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller starts to be subjected to grinding processing of the first linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc and the first working surface of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
Step seven, along with stable operation of the grinding processing process, gradually increasing the working pressure of the cylindrical rollers to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area to average the normal working pressure of 2-50N of each cylindrical roller to be processed; the processed cylindrical roller keeps contact relation with the linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disc, continuous rotation motion around the self axis and linear feeding motion along the linear groove base line, and the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller continuously undergoes grinding processing of the linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc and the first working surface of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
step eight, performing spot check on the cylindrical roller to be processed after a period of grinding processing; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the size consistency of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller which is subjected to the spot check do not meet the technical requirements, continuing the grinding processing of the step; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the size consistency of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller of the spot check meet the technical requirements, entering a step nine;
step nine, gradually reducing the working pressure and finally reaching zero; stopping the operation of the roller conveying system, the roller finishing mechanism and the roller feeding mechanism, and adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc to zero; stopping filling the grinding processing area with the grinding liquid; the second abrasive disk is retracted along its axis to the inactive position; and finishing the grinding processing.
In the grinding device for finishing the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller of the present invention, a magnetic structure may be further provided inside the second grinding disc of the grinding disc kit in both cases;
firstly, when a processed cylindrical roller of a ferromagnetic material is ground by adopting a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, a magnetic structure is arranged in a second grinding disc, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic structure is adjusted to ensure that the sliding friction driving moment generated when a spiral groove working surface of the second grinding disc rotates around a self axis of the processed cylindrical roller of the ferromagnetic material is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated when a linear groove working surface of the first grinding disc rotates around the self axis of the processed cylindrical roller of the ferromagnetic material, so that the processed cylindrical roller of the ferromagnetic material is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis;
and in the second case, when the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted to grind the processed cylindrical roller made of the ferromagnetic material, the magnetic structure is arranged in the second grinding disc, so that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the rotation of the processed cylindrical roller made of the ferromagnetic material around the axis of the processed cylindrical roller is increased, and the processed cylindrical roller made of the ferromagnetic material continuously rotates around the axis of the processed cylindrical roller made of the ferromagnetic material and is not restricted by the matching of the material of the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc.
For grinding the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller under the condition that the magnetic structure is arranged inside the second grinding disc of the grinding disc kit in the grinding device, the roller circulation disc outer system in the grinding device further comprises a roller demagnetizing device, and the roller demagnetizing device is arranged in the roller conveying system in the roller disc outer circulation path or before the roller conveying system and is used for demagnetizing the processed cylindrical roller of ferromagnetic material magnetized by the magnetic field of the magnetic structure arranged inside the second grinding disc, and the grinding method is different from the grinding method just described above, namely:
step three, starting a roller demagnetizing device at the same time;
step six, before the initial working pressure is applied to the cylindrical roller to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area, the magnetic structure enters a working state; the initial working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical roller distributed in the grinding processing area, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic structure is adjusted, so that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the rotation of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc around the self axis of the processed cylindrical roller is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the rotation of the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc around the self axis of the processed cylindrical roller, and the processed cylindrical roller is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis;
In step nine, after the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc is adjusted to zero, the magnetic structure is switched to a non-working state, and the roller demagnetizing device is stopped.
Before the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc are used for the first time, the straight line groove working face of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc are ground by using cylindrical rollers to be processed with the same geometric parameters; the running-in method is the same as the grinding method of the cylindrical roller to be processed; performing spot check on the machined cylindrical roller which participates in running-in, and when the surface quality, the shape precision and the size consistency of the rolling surface of the machined cylindrical roller which are subjected to spot check meet the technical requirements, entering a step nine in the running-in process, and finishing running-in; otherwise, continuing to step eight.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the grinding process, in each grinding processing area formed by encircling the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc, the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller is respectively in surface contact with the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc and in line contact with the first working face of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc, the processed cylindrical roller rotates around the axis of the cylindrical roller under the friction drive of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc, and the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller and the linear groove working face of the first grinding disc relatively slide, so that the grinding processing of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller is realized. The material removal of the rolling surface is directly related to the contact stress of the rolling surface and the linear groove working surface, when the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller with larger diameter or the high point of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller is contacted with the linear groove working surface, the contact stress of the rolling surface and the linear groove working surface is larger, and the material removal amount of the rolling surface at the contact position is larger; when the rolling surface of the machined cylindrical roller of smaller diameter or the low point of the rolling surface of the machined cylindrical roller is in contact with the linear groove working surface, the contact stress of the rolling surface and the linear groove working surface is smaller, and the material removal amount of the rolling surface at the contact is smaller. Therefore, the high-point material is removed more, the low-point material is removed less on the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, the material is removed more on the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller with larger diameter, and the material is removed less on the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller with smaller diameter.
Due to the open design of the linear grooves of the first grinding disc and the spiral grooves of the second grinding disc, the linear feeding of the processed cylindrical rollers between the first grinding disc and the second grinding disc along the linear groove base line and the circulation of collecting, conveying, arranging and feeding through the roller circulation system outside the disc exist in the grinding processing, and the original sequence of the processed cylindrical rollers can be disturbed when the processed cylindrical rollers pass through the roller circulation system outside the disc.
On the one hand, the open design of the linear grooves of the first grinding disc and the spiral grooves of the second grinding disc is very suitable for the finish machining of the rolling surfaces of a large number of cylindrical rollers; on the other hand, the above-mentioned characteristic "high point material is removed more and low point material is removed less from the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, material is removed more from the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller having a larger diameter and material is removed less from the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller having a smaller diameter" is allowed to spread to the whole processing lot by the order of the cylindrical rollers to be processed which are disturbed when the outside-disk system is circulated by the rollers, so that the shape accuracy and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller of the whole lot can be improved; on the other hand, the straight grooves of the first grinding disc and the spiral grooves of the second grinding disc have dozens to hundreds of intersections, namely, dozens to hundreds of cylindrical rollers to be processed participate in grinding, so that the processing efficiency of the rolling surface of the cylindrical rollers can be improved, and the processing cost is reduced.
Furthermore, due to the conical surface design of the base surface of the first grinding disc, in particular when the linear groove inlets are provided at the outer edge of the first grinding disc, more and longer linear grooves can be designed on the front surface of the first grinding disc, i.e. a greater number of cylindrical rollers to be processed can simultaneously participate in the grinding.
Further, due to the design of the spiral groove working face of the second grinding disc, the linear feeding motion of the processed cylindrical roller along the linear groove base line of the first grinding disc can be completed by means of spiral pushing of the spiral groove working face, and the requirement on the axial pushing capacity of the roller feeding mechanism is relatively low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a polishing disc kit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic view showing the contact relationship between the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed and the working surface of the linear groove of the first grinding disc;
FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of a cylindrical roller being processed;
FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic view of the scanning profile of the linear groove scanning surface of the first polishing disc of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first abrasive disk base surface of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view of the spiral groove structure of a second abrasive disk of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic view showing the contact relationship between the cylindrical roller to be processed and the spiral groove working face of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (c) is a schematic representation of the characteristics of a right circular cone spiral of the present invention;
FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic view showing the contact and freedom of movement of the cylindrical roller to be processed with the grinding disc kit in the grinding state of the present invention;
fig. 5 (b) is an enlarged view of the portion E in fig. 5 (a);
FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic illustration of the contact of a cylindrical roller being processed with a spiral groove working surface in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the contact between a cylindrical roller to be processed and a spiral groove working surface;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the cylindrical roller to be processed in the linear grooves and the spiral grooves in the state of grinding processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 (a) is a schematic view of a mainframe of the polishing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the main frame of the polishing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 (a) is a schematic view of a cycle of a cylindrical roller being processed of the first main frame type of the grinding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 (b) is a schematic view of a cycle of a cylindrical roller to be processed of the second main frame type of the grinding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 (a) is a schematic view of the circulation of a cylindrical roller being processed inside and outside the abrasive disk assembly of the mainframe of the present invention;
FIG. 10 (b) is a schematic view of a main frame of the present invention in which a cylindrical roller being processed enters the grinding processing area by pushing against the spiral groove working face at the entrance of the spiral groove;
FIG. 11 (a) is a schematic view of the circulation of the two cylindrical rollers being processed inside and outside the abrasive disk assembly of the mainframe type of the present invention;
FIG. 11 (b) is a schematic view showing the entry of the second processed cylindrical roller of the main frame type of the present invention into the grinding processing area by pushing the spiral groove working face at the entrance of the spiral groove.
In the figure:
11-a base;
12-stand columns;
13-a cross beam;
14-a sliding table;
15-upper tray;
16-a lower tray;
17-axial loading means;
18-a spindle device;
2-an abrasive disk package;
21-a first abrasive disk;
211-a first abrasive disk front face;
2111-straight grooves;
21111-linear groove face;
21112-center plane;
21113-linear groove scan surface;
211131-normal cross-sectional profile;
21114-straight line trench cross section;
21116—linear groove baseline;
21118-linear trench entrance;
21119-linear trench outlet;
2112-transition surfaces connecting adjacent linear grooves;
212-a first abrasive disk mounting surface;
213-a first abrasive disk axis;
214-a first abrasive disk base surface;
2141—an axial section cut-line of the first abrasive disk base surface;
215-first abrasive disk shaft cross section;
22-a second abrasive disk;
221-a second abrasive disk front surface;
2211-a spiral groove;
22111-spiral groove working face;
221111-first working face;
221112-working face two;
221121-scan plane one;
221122-scan plane two;
221131-shaft cross-sectional profile one;
221132-shaft cross-sectional profile two;
22116-spiral groove baseline;
221161-right circular cone equiangular spiral;
221162-positive-cone non-equiangular helix;
22117-tangent to the spiral groove baseline;
22118-helical groove inlet;
22119-a spiral groove outlet;
2212-connecting transition surfaces of adjacent spiral grooves;
222-a second abrasive disk mounting surface;
223-second abrasive disk axis;
224-a second abrasive disk base surface;
2241-an axial section line of the second abrasive disk base surface;
2242-a second abrasive disk basal plane plain wire;
2243-tangent to the base surface of the second abrasive disk;
225-a second abrasive disk shaft section;
3-a cylindrical roller to be processed;
31-axis;
32-a rolling surface;
322-contact line one;
323-an axial section cross-section of the rolling surface;
331-end face rounding;
3312-contact line two;
4-a roller circulation off-disc system;
41-a roller collection mechanism;
43-roller conveyor system;
44-a roller finishing mechanism;
45-roller feed mechanism;
451-roller feed channels;
4511-roller feed channel locating surface;
45211-butt-joint spiral groove working face one;
45212-butt-joint spiral groove working face two;
A. distal points of the normal cross-sectional profile of the B-linear groove scanning surface on both sides of the center plane;
C. D-two end points of the rolling surface of the processed cylindrical roller mapped on the axis of the rolling surface;
during G-grinding, the intersection of the linear groove of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
the contact point of the rounded corner of one end face of the N-processed cylindrical roller and the working face II of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
p-moving points on the basal plane plain line of the second grinding disc;
q-midpoint of the mapping of the rolling surface of the machined cylindrical roller on its axis;
alpha is the cone apex half angle of the base surface of the first grinding disc;
the cone apex half angle of the beta-second grinding disc base surface;
θ 1 、θ 2 -the central angles of the distal points of the normal cross-sectional profile of the linear groove scan surface on both sides of the central plane;
lambda-helix angle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings. The embodiments described by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent parts described in the following embodiments are not limited to those described specifically.
The invention proposes an abrasive disc kit for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface, comprising a pair of coaxial first abrasive discs 21 and second abrasive discs 22, a first abrasive disc front face 211 being arranged opposite a second abrasive disc front face 221, as shown in fig. 1, reference numeral 213 being a first abrasive disc axis and reference numeral 223 being a second abrasive disc axis.
The first grinding disc mounting surface 212 and the second grinding disc mounting surface 222 are opposite to the first grinding disc front surface 211 and the second grinding disc front surface 221 respectively, and the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 are connected with corresponding mounting foundations on the grinding device through the respective mounting surfaces respectively.
The first abrasive disk front surface 211 includes a set (not less than 3) of radially-distributed linear grooves 2111 and a transition surface 2112 connecting adjacent linear grooves.
As shown in fig. 2 (a), the surface of the linear groove 2111 includes a linear groove working surface 21111 which comes into contact with the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed at the time of grinding processing and a non-working surface which does not come into contact with the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed. Fig. 2 (b) shows a three-dimensional structure of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed.
As shown in fig. 2 (a), the linear groove working surface 21111 is on a linear groove scanning surface 21113, and the linear groove scanning surface 21113 is a constant cross-section scanning surface; the scan path of the linear channel scan surface 21113 is linear, and the generatrix (i.e., scan profile) of the linear channel scan surface 21113 is within the linear channel normal section 21114. The straight-line trench normal section 21114 is a plane perpendicular to the scanning path (straight line) of the straight-line trench 21111.
As shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (c), in the straight-groove normal section 21114, the normal section contour 211131 of the straight-groove scanning surface 21113 (i.e., the scanning contour in the straight-groove normal section 21114) is an arc having a radius of curvature equal to the radius of curvature of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed, and the scanning path of the straight-groove scanning surface 21113 is defined by passing through the center of curvature of the normal section contour 211131: the scan path (straight line) is a straight line trench baseline 21116.
The specific meaning of the straight line groove scanning surface 21113 being a constant section scanning surface is: the normal cross-sectional profile 211131 of the linear channel scan surface 21113 remains unchanged within the linear channel normal cross-section 21114 at different locations of the linear channel baseline 21116.
It will be appreciated that the relationship of the linear groove scanning surface 21113 and the linear groove working surface 21111 thereon according to the present invention is: the linear channel scan surface 21113 defines the shape, location and boundaries of the linear channel work surface 21111, the linear channel scan surface 21113 being a continuous surface; the linear groove working surface 21111 and the corresponding linear groove scanning surface 21113 have the same shape, position and boundary, and the linear groove working surface 21111 may be discontinuous without affecting the contact relationship between the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed and the linear groove working surface 21111 and without affecting the polishing uniformity of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed.
As shown in fig. 3, all the linear groove baselines 21116 are distributed on a right circular cone, defining: the right conical surface is a first grinding disc base surface 214, and the axis of the first grinding disc base surface 214 is a first grinding disc axis 213.
Definition: the cone apex angle 2α of the first grinding disc base surface 214 is an included angle of the axis section line 2141 of the first grinding disc base surface located at the solid side of the first grinding disc 21 in the first grinding disc axis section 215, and the reference symbol α is a cone apex half angle of the first grinding disc base surface 214.
The linear groove baseline 21116 defines within the first abrasive disk shaft section 215: the first abrasive disk shaft section 215 containing the linear groove baseline 21116 is the center plane 21112 of the linear groove working surface 21111. As shown in fig. 2 (c), in the straight-line groove normal section 21114, the normal section contour 211131 of the straight-line groove scanning surface 21113 where the straight-line groove working surface 21111 is located has the central angles θ of the distal points a and B on both sides of the center plane 21112 1 ≤90°、θ 2 ≤90°。
In the grinding process, the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in the center plane 21112 of the linear groove working surface, the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in surface contact with the linear groove working surface 21111, and the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed is superposed on the linear groove base line 21116. See fig. 3.
During the polishing process, the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed sequentially enters the linear grooves 2111 from the respective linear groove inlets 21118 of the first polishing disk, passes through the linear grooves 2111 and exits the linear grooves 2111 from the respective corresponding linear groove outlets 21119, see fig. 10 (a) and 11 (a).
Each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first polishing disc is provided at the outer edge of the first polishing disc 21, and each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first polishing disc is provided at the inner edge of the first polishing disc 21. Or each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disc is arranged at the inner edge of the first grinding disc 21, and each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disc is arranged at the outer edge of the first grinding disc 21. It is recommended that each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disk is provided at the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21, and each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disk is provided at the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21, see fig. 10 (a) and 11 (a).
It is recommended that all of the linear grooves 2111 be uniformly distributed about the first grinding disk axis 213.
As shown in fig. 4 (a), the second abrasive disk front surface 221 includes one or more spiral grooves 2211 and a transition surface 2212 connecting adjacent spiral grooves, and both spiral grooves are shown in fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b).
As shown in fig. 4 (b), the surface of the spiral groove 2211 includes a spiral groove working surface 22111 which is in contact with the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed at the time of grinding processing and a non-working surface which is not in contact with the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed.
The spiral groove working surface 22111 includes a first working surface 221111 which is in contact with the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be machined during grinding and a second working surface 221112 which is in contact with the one end face rounded corner 331 of the cylindrical roller to be machined.
The first working surface 221111 and the second working surface 221112 are respectively arranged on the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122, and the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122 are uniform-section scanning surfaces. During grinding, the rolling surface 32 and the end face rounded corner 331 of the cylindrical roller to be machined are tangent to the first face 221111 and the second face 221112, respectively, under the constraint of the linear groove face 21111 of the first grinding disc. The scanning paths of the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122 are the same, and the scanning paths of the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122 are all right cone spiral lines distributed on a right cone surface and passing through the midpoint Q of the mapping CD of the rolling surface 32 of the processed cylindrical roller on the axis 31.
As shown in fig. 4 (c), define: the scanning paths 22116 of the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122 where the first working surface 221111 and the second working surface 221112 are located are the base lines of the spiral groove 2211 of the second grinding disc, the right circular conical surface is the base surface 224 of the second grinding disc, and the axis of the base surface 224 is the axis 223 of the second grinding disc 22.
The right circular cone spiral line is characterized in that: as shown in fig. 4 (c), a plain line on the right conical surface (i.e., the second polishing pad base surface 224), namely, the second polishing pad base surface plain line 2242, rotates around the axis of the right conical surface (i.e., the axis of the second polishing pad base surface 224, namely, the second polishing pad axis 223), and a moving point P on the second polishing pad base surface plain line 2242 moves linearly along the second polishing pad base surface plain line 2242, and the track of the moving point P is the right conical spiral line, namely, the spiral groove base line 22116. The included angle between the tangent line of the moving point P (i.e., the tangent line 22117 of the spiral groove baseline) and the tangent line 2243 of the second grinding disc base 224 perpendicular to the second grinding disc base line 2242 (i.e., the second grinding disc base line tangent line 2243) at the moving point P is λ, and the included angle λ is the helix angle of the right circular cone spiral line. When the lead angle lambda is a fixed angle and lambda is not equal to 0, the right circular cone spiral line is a right circular cone equiangular spiral line 221161; when the lead angle lambda changes with the position change of the moving point P, the right circular cone spiral line is a right circular cone non-equiangular spiral line 221162.
As shown in fig. 4 (a), define: the cone apex angle 2β of the second polishing disc base 224 is an included angle where the truncated line 2241 of the second polishing disc base is located at the solid side of the second polishing disc 22 in the second polishing disc shaft section 225, and the reference symbol β is the cone apex half angle of the second polishing disc base 224.
The generatrix (i.e., scan profile) of the first 221121 and second 221122 scan planes are both within the second abrasive disk axis cross section 225.
The specific meaning of the first scanning surface 221121 and the second scanning surface 221122 being equal-section scanning surfaces is as follows: in the second abrasive disk axial section 225 at a different location of the spiral groove baseline 22116, the axial cross-sectional profile one 221131 of the scan face one 221121 and the axial cross-sectional profile two 221132 of the scan face two 221122 remain unchanged. .
The cone apex angle 2β of the second abrasive disk base surface 224 and the cone apex angle 2α of the first abrasive disk base surface 214 satisfy the relationship:
2α+2β＝360°
in the polishing process, under the constraint of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first polishing pad, as shown in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), fig. 5 (b) is an enlarged view of the portion E of fig. 5 (a), the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in line contact (tangent) with the first working surface 221111 of the spiral groove, and the end surface rounded corner 331 of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in line contact (tangent) or in point contact (tangent) with the second working surface 221112 of the spiral groove. The cylindrical roller 3 to be processed has only a degree of freedom of rotational movement about its own axis 31.
As shown in fig. 5 (b), a first contact line 322 of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed and the first 221111 working surface of the spiral groove is in the second grinding disk axial section 225 including the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed, the first contact line 322, an axial section contour 221131 of the first 221121 of the scanning surface of the first 221111 working surface of the spiral groove, and an axial section sectional line 323 of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed are in the same straight line.
As shown in fig. 6 (a), when the scanning path of the spiral groove scanning surface on which the spiral groove working surface 22111 is located is a regular-cone equiangular spiral 221161, since the lead angle λ of the regular-cone equiangular spiral 221161 is a constant angle, the one end face rounded 331 of the machined cylindrical roller 3 is in line contact with the second spiral groove working surface 221112 during the grinding, and the reference numeral 3312 is a second line of contact where the line contact occurs.
As shown in fig. 6 (b), when the scanning path of the spiral groove scanning surface where the spiral groove working surface 22111 is located is a regular-cone non-equiangular spiral line 221162, since the lead angle λ of the regular-cone non-equiangular spiral line 221162 is not a constant angle, the one end face rounded corner 331 of the machined cylindrical roller is in point contact with the working surface two 221112 of the spiral groove during grinding, and the position of the contact point N changes according to the position change of the machined cylindrical roller 3 on the spiral groove 2211; and in the second grinding wheel axial section 225 including the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed, there is a relative displacement along a straight line between the axial section profile one 221131 of the scanning surface one 221121 where the working surface one 221111 of the spiral groove is located and the axial section sectional line 323 of the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller to be processed is on the same line as the straight line as shown in fig. 5 (b).
As shown in fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b), reference numeral 322 is a contact line one of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed and the working surface one 221111 of the spiral groove.
As shown in fig. 4 (b), the characteristic of the second axial cross-sectional profile 221132 of the second scanning surface of the second spiral groove (i.e., the scanning profile of the second scanning surface 221122 of the second axial cross-section 225 of the second grinding disc) is directly related to the contact relationship between the end rounded corner 331 of the machined cylindrical roller and the second working surface 221112 of the spiral groove and the spiral groove base line 22116, and can be determined graphically by an analytical method or by means of three-dimensional design software according to the contact relationship between the end rounded corner 331 of the machined cylindrical roller and the second working surface 221112 of the spiral groove and the spiral groove base line 22116.
The structural relationship between the second scanning surface 221122 on which the second working surface 221112 of the spiral groove adapted to the given cylindrical roller 3 to be machined is located and the cylindrical roller 3 to be machined can be expressed as follows: the position and posture of the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed relative to the second grinding disk base surface 224 and the spiral groove base line 22116, that is, the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed coincides with the axis section sectional line 2241 of the second grinding disk base surface and intersects with the spiral groove base line 22116 at the midpoint Q of the map CD of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed on the axis 31 thereof, are determined based on the constraint relation of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disk to the given cylindrical roller 3 to be processed, the structural relation of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22, and the relative positional relation thereof during grinding. And (3) performing right circular cone spiral motion on the processed cylindrical roller 3 relative to the second grinding disc 22 along the spiral groove base line 22116, removing materials which physically interfere with the end face rounding 331 of the processed cylindrical roller at the position of the front surface 221 of the second grinding disc, wherein the surface physically formed at the position of the front surface 221 of the second grinding disc and related to the end face rounding 331 of the processed cylindrical roller is a scanning surface II 221122 where a working surface II 221112 of the spiral groove is located.
When the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first polishing plate are provided at the outer edge of the first polishing plate 21 and the linear groove outlets 21119 of the first polishing plate are provided at the inner edge of the first polishing plate 21, the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second polishing plate are provided at the outer edge of the second polishing plate 22 and the spiral groove outlets 22119 of the second polishing plate are provided at the inner edge of the second polishing plate 22. When the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first grinding disk are provided at the inner edge of the first grinding disk 21 and the linear groove outlets 21119 of the first grinding disk are provided at the outer edge of the first grinding disk 21, the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disk are provided at the inner edge of the second grinding disk 22 and the spiral groove outlets 22119 of the second grinding disk are provided at the outer edge of the second grinding disk 22, see fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b).
It is recommended that all the spiral grooves 2211 be uniformly distributed around the second grinding disc axis 223.
When 2α=2β=180°, the difference from 2α++2β is only: the first abrasive disk base surface 214 and the second abrasive disk base surface 224 are planar; the first abrasive disk axis 213 is perpendicular to the first abrasive disk base surface 214, the second abrasive disk axis 223 is perpendicular to the second abrasive disk base surface 224, and there are cases where the linear groove base line 21116 is not within the first abrasive disk shaft section 215 in addition to the linear groove base line 21116 being within the first abrasive disk shaft section 215. When the linear groove baseline 21116 is not within the first grinding disc axial section 215, the center plane 21112 of the linear groove working surface is parallel to the first grinding disc axis 213, including the linear groove baseline 21116, and when grinding is performed, the axis 31 of the machined cylindrical roller is not within the first grinding disc axial section 215 and the second grinding disc axial section 225.
During the polishing process, the first polishing pad base surface 214 is overlapped with the second polishing pad base surface 224; a gap exists between the transition surface 2112 of the first polishing front surface 211 connecting adjacent straight grooves and the transition surface 2212 of the second polishing front surface 221 connecting adjacent spiral grooves.
As shown in fig. 7, during the polishing process, a cylindrical roller 3 to be processed is distributed along the linear groove base line 21116 in the linear groove 2111 of the first polishing disk at each intersection G of the spiral groove 2211 of the second polishing disk and the linear groove 2111 of the first polishing disk. Definition: the area surrounded by the straight groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc is a grinding processing area corresponding to each intersection G.
The invention also provides grinding equipment for finishing the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, which comprises a main machine, a roller circulation disc external system 4 and the grinding disc suite 2, as shown in fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b).
The main machine comprises a base 11, upright posts 12, a cross beam 13, a sliding table 14, an upper tray 15, a lower tray 16, an axial loading device 17 and a main shaft device 18.
The base 11, the upright 12 and the cross beam 13 form a frame of the host.
The first grinding disc 21 of the grinding disc set 2 is connected with the lower tray 16, and the second grinding disc 22 of the grinding disc set 2 is connected with the upper tray 15.
The sliding table 14 is connected with the cross beam 13 through the axial loading device 17, and the upright 12 can also serve as a guiding component to provide a guiding function for the sliding table 14 to move linearly along the second grinding disc axis 223. The sliding table 14 is driven by the axial loading device 17 to move linearly along the second grinding disc axis 223 under the constraint of the upright post 12 or other guiding components.
The spindle device 18 is used to drive the first grinding disk 21 or the second grinding disk 22 in rotation about its axis.
As shown in fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b), the roller circulation off-disc system 4 includes a roller collecting mechanism 41, a roller conveying system 43, a roller finishing mechanism 44, and a roller feeding mechanism 45.
The roller collecting mechanism 41 is provided at each of the linear groove outlets 21119 of the first grinding disk for collecting the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed which leave the grinding processing area from each of the linear groove outlets 21119.
The roller conveying system 43 is used for conveying the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed from the roller collecting mechanism 41 to the roller feeding mechanism 45.
The roller finishing mechanism 44 is provided at the front end of the roller feed mechanism 45 for adjusting the axis 31 of the cylindrical roller to be processed to the direction required by the roller feed mechanism 45.
During the polishing process, there are two ways of turning the polishing disc kit 2; in the first mode, the first polishing disk 21 rotates around its axis, and the second polishing disk 22 does not rotate; in the second mode, the first polishing disk 21 does not rotate, and the second polishing disk 22 rotates around its axis.
The host has three configurations: a mainframe-type for the abrasive disk assembly 2 to revolve in a manner; the second main machine type is used for the second rotary motion of the grinding disc sleeve 2; the third mode of the machine is suitable for both the first mode of rotation of the polishing disc kit 2 and the second mode of rotation of the polishing disc kit 2.
Corresponding to the first main frame configuration, as shown in fig. 8 (a), the spindle device 18 is mounted on the base 11, and drives the first grinding disk 21 to rotate around its axis by the lower tray 16 connected thereto; the upper tray 15 is connected to the slide table 14, and the second grinding disc 22 and the upper tray 15 do not rotate.
During the polishing process, the first polishing platen 21 rotates around its axis relative to the second polishing platen 22. The rotation direction of the first grinding disc 21 is determined according to the rotation direction of the spiral groove 2211 of the second grinding disc and the positions of the spiral groove inlet 22118 and the spiral groove outlet 22119, so as to ensure that the processed cylindrical roller 3 can enter the linear groove 2111 from each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disc and leave the linear groove 2111 from each corresponding linear groove outlet 21119. The slide table 14 approaches the first grinding wheel 21 along the second grinding wheel axis 223 with the upper tray 15 connected thereto and the second grinding wheel 22 connected thereto under the constraint of the upright 12 or other guide member, and applies working pressure to the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed distributed in the respective linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding wheel 21.
As shown in fig. 10 (a) and 10 (b), each spiral groove 2211 of the second grinding disk is provided with a roller feeding mechanism 45, and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is respectively installed at each spiral groove inlet 22118 of the second grinding disk, and is used for pushing a cylindrical roller 3 to be processed into the linear groove inlet 21118 when any linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disk intersects with the spiral groove inlet 22118.
The roller feeding mechanism 45 is internally provided with a roller feeding channel 451 and a section of butt-joint spiral groove, the butt-joint spiral groove working surface is a continuation of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc in the roller feeding mechanism 45, the butt-joint spiral groove working surface comprises a butt-joint spiral groove working surface one 45211 and a butt-joint spiral groove working surface two 45212 which are respectively contacted with the rolling surface 32 and the end face rounding 331 of the cylindrical roller to be processed in the feeding process of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed, the butt-joint spiral groove working surface one 45211 and the butt-joint spiral groove working surface two 45212 are continuations of the working surface one 221111 and the working surface two 221112 of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc, and the roller feeding channel 451 is intersected with the butt-joint spiral groove. During entry of the machined cylindrical roller 3 into the linear groove entrance 21118, the axis 31 of the machined cylindrical roller 3 remains parallel, or transitions from nearly parallel to parallel, with the linear groove baseline 21116 at the linear groove entrance 21118 into which it is to enter, under the constraint of the roller feed channel 451.
During the polishing process, the abutting spiral grooves in the roller feed mechanism 45 at the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second polishing plate sequentially intersect with the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first polishing plate during the rotation of the first polishing plate 21. At any one of the spiral groove inlets 22118, when the abutting spiral groove in the roller feed mechanism 45 at the spiral groove inlet 22118 intersects with any one of the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first grinding disk, one cylindrical roller 3 to be processed enters the linear groove inlet 21118 in the radial direction thereof by gravity or pushing action of the roller feed mechanism 45 in such a manner that the rolling surface 32 thereof approaches the linear groove working surface 21111. The cylindrical roller 3 to be processed entering the linear groove entrance 21118 rotates with the first grinding disk 21 relative to the second grinding disk 22, and then enters the grinding processing area by pushing against the abutting spiral groove working face in the roller feeding mechanism 45 at the spiral groove entrance 22118.
On the one hand, the processed cylindrical roller 3 continuously rotates around the own axis 31 under the drive of the sliding friction driving moment of the spiral groove working face 22111 of the second grinding disc; on the other hand, as shown in fig. 9 (a), 10 (a) and 10 (b), the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed which has entered the grinding processing area is linearly fed along the linear groove base line 21116 of the first grinding disk by the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk, penetrates through the linear groove 2111, and leaves the grinding processing area from the intersection of the respective spiral groove outlet 22119 of the second grinding disk and the respective linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disk, thereby completing one grinding processing. The cylindrical rollers 3 leaving the grinding area are processed by the roller collecting mechanism 41, the roller conveying system 43 and the roller finishing mechanism 44, and after the original sequence is disturbed, enter the grinding area from the intersection of the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disc and the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first grinding disc under the action of the roller feeding mechanism 45. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously and circularly until the surface quality, shape accuracy and dimensional consistency of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed reach the technical requirements, and the finishing process is finished.
Corresponding to the second main frame type, as shown in fig. 8 (b), the spindle device 18 is mounted on the slide table 14, and drives the second grinding disc 22 to rotate around its axis by the upper tray 15 connected thereto; the lower tray 16 is mounted on the base 11, and the first grinding tray 21 and the lower tray 16 do not rotate.
During the polishing process, the second polishing plate 22 rotates around its axis relative to the second polishing plate 21. The rotation direction of the second grinding disc 22 is determined according to the rotation direction of the spiral groove 2211 of the second grinding disc and the positions of the spiral groove inlet 22118 and the spiral groove outlet 22119, so as to ensure that the processed cylindrical roller 3 can enter the linear groove 2111 from each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disc and leave the linear groove 2111 from each corresponding linear groove outlet 21119. The slide table 14 approaches the first grinding wheel 21 along the second grinding wheel axis 223 under the constraint of the upright 12 or other guide member, together with the spindle device 18 thereon, the upper tray 15 connected to the spindle device 18, and the second grinding wheel 22 connected to the upper tray 15, and applies working pressure to the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed distributed in the respective linear grooves 2111 of the first grinding wheel 21.
As shown in fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b), each linear groove 2111 of the first grinding disk is provided with a roller feeding mechanism 45, and the roller feeding mechanism 45 is respectively installed at each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disk, for pushing a cylindrical roller 3 to be processed into the linear groove inlet 21118 when any one of the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disk intersects with the linear groove inlet 21118.
A roller feed channel 451 is provided in the roller feed mechanism 45, and a roller feed channel locating surface 4511 is a continuation of the linear channel running surface 21111 in the roller feed mechanism 45 at either linear channel entrance 21118. During the process of entering the machined cylindrical roller 3 into the linear groove entrance 21118, the axis 31 of the machined cylindrical roller 3 is in the center plane 21112 of the linear groove 2111 and coincides with the linear groove base line 21116 with the positioning support of the roller feed passage positioning surface 4511.
During the polishing process, the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second polishing plate sequentially intersect with the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first polishing plate during the rotation of the second polishing plate 22. At any one of the linear groove inlets 21118, when the linear groove inlet 21118 meets any one of the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disk, a cylindrical roller 3 to be processed enters the linear groove inlet 21118 along the linear groove base line 21116 in such a manner that its rolling surface 32 slides on the linear groove working surface 21111 by pushing of the roller feed mechanism 45. The machined cylindrical roller 3 that enters the linear groove entrance 21118 enters the grinding processing area by the pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 at the spiral groove entrance 22118 that is turned later.
On the one hand, the processed cylindrical roller 3 continuously rotates around the own axis 31 under the drive of the sliding friction driving moment of the spiral groove working face 22111 of the second grinding disc; on the other hand, as shown in fig. 9 (b), 11 (a) and 11 (b), the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed which has entered the grinding processing area is linearly fed along the linear groove base line 21116 of the first grinding disk by the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk, penetrates through the linear groove 2111, and leaves the grinding processing area from the intersection of the respective spiral groove outlet 22119 of the second grinding disk and the respective linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disk, thereby completing one grinding processing. The cylindrical rollers 3 leaving the grinding area are processed by the roller collecting mechanism 41, the roller conveying system 43 and the roller finishing mechanism 44, and after the original sequence is disturbed, enter the grinding area from the intersection of the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disc and the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first grinding disc under the action of the roller feeding mechanism 45. The entire grinding process is repeated continuously and circularly until the surface quality, shape accuracy and dimensional consistency of the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed reach the technical requirements, and the finishing process is finished.
Corresponding to the third main frame type, two sets of spindle devices 18 are arranged, wherein one set of spindle device 18 is arranged on the base 11, the lower tray 16 connected with the spindle device drives the first grinding disc 21 to rotate around the axis of the spindle device, the other set of spindle device 18 is arranged on the sliding table 14, and the upper tray 15 connected with the spindle device drives the second grinding disc 22 to rotate around the axis of the spindle device; both sets of spindle units 18 are provided with a locking mechanism allowing only one of the first and second grinding discs 21, 22 to swivel at the same time, while the other grinding disc is in a circumferential locking state.
When the grinding disc set 2 of the grinding device performs grinding processing in a way of one revolution, the relative motion of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 is the same as that of the main frame; the structure, mounting position and function of the roller feed mechanism 45 are the same as those of the primary frame one; the circulation path and the grinding process of the processed cylindrical roller 3 are the same as those of the main frame one.
When the grinding disc set 2 of the grinding device rotates for grinding processing in a second mode, the relative motion of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 is the same as that of the second main machine mode; the structure, mounting position and function of the roller feed mechanism 45 are the same as those of the second main frame configuration; the circulation path and the grinding process of the processed cylindrical roller 3 are the same as those of the second main frame type.
As shown in fig. 10 (a) and 11 (a), during polishing, the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed enters the polishing region from each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first polishing plate, leaves the polishing region from each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first polishing plate, and enters each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first polishing plate sequentially through the roller collecting mechanism 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller finishing mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 from each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first polishing plate, thereby forming a cycle in which the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed is fed between the first polishing plate 21 and the second polishing plate 22 along the linear groove base line 21116 and is collected, conveyed, finished and fed through the roller circulating off-plate system 4. The path of the circulation outside the grinding disc set 2 is from each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disc, sequentially through the roller collecting mechanism 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller collating mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45, into each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding disc, and the path is defined as a roller circulation disc outer path.
In the implementation of the invention, a free abrasive grain grinding mode or a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode can be adopted.
The linear groove work surface 21111 of the first abrasive disk is made of a bonded abrasive grain material when it is being ground with bonded abrasive grains.
When the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, the material of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc can be respectively selected, so that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the friction pair formed by the material of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc and the material of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed rotating around the self axis 31 is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the friction pair formed by the material of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and the material of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed rotating around the self axis 31 under the grinding working condition, thereby driving the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed to continuously rotate around the self axis 31.
When polytetrafluoroethylene is selected as the material of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first polishing plate and polymethyl methacrylate is selected as the material of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second polishing plate, the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed, which is made of GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA, cr4Mo4V, etc., can continuously rotate around the own axis 31.
When the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed made of ferromagnetic material (such as GCr15, G20CrNi2MoA, cr4Mo4V, etc.) is polished by the fixed abrasive grain polishing method, a magnetic structure may be disposed inside the second polishing disc 22 to form a magnetic field near the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second polishing disc. By adjusting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic structure, the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc generates a strong enough magnetic attraction force on the processed cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material, so that a sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc rotating the processed cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material around the self axis 31 is larger than a sliding friction resistance moment generated by the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc rotating the processed cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material around the self axis 31, and the processed cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis 31.
When the free abrasive grain grinding method is adopted to grind the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed made of ferromagnetic material, the second grinding disc 22 may also have a built-in magnetic structure so as to increase the sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc on the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed made of ferromagnetic material rotating around the self axis 31. At this time, the continuous rotation of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed of ferromagnetic material about its own axis 31 is not restricted by the matching of the material of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding wheel and the material of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding wheel.
It will be appreciated that the features described above and below may be used not only in combination as described in the examples, but also in other combinations or alone without exceeding the scope of the invention.
When the grinding equipment is adopted to grind the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, the grinding method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the second grinding disc 22 approaches to the first grinding disc 21 along the axis thereof, and the transition surface 2112 connecting the adjacent linear grooves on the front surface of the first grinding disc and the transition surface 2212 connecting the adjacent spiral grooves on the front surface of the second grinding disc are as close as possible, but the rolling surface 32 of the cylindrical roller to be processed in the grinding processing area is not in surface contact with the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and in line contact with the working surface 221111 of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc at the same time, namely, the space of each grinding processing area formed by the surrounding of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc can only accommodate one cylindrical roller 3 to be processed.
Step two, corresponding to the first rotation mode of the grinding disc set 2, driving the first grinding disc 21 to rotate at a low speed relative to the second grinding disc 22 around the axis of the first grinding disc; the second polishing pad 22 rotates around its axis at a low speed with respect to the first polishing pad 21 in accordance with the second mode of rotation of the polishing pad set 2. The rotation direction of the first grinding wheel 21 and the second grinding wheel 22 is determined according to the rotation direction of the spiral groove 2211 of the second grinding wheel and the positions of the spiral groove inlet 22118 and the spiral groove outlet 22119 according to the outer diameter rotation speed of the first grinding wheel 21 and the second grinding wheel 22 being 1-10 rpm, so as to ensure that the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed can enter the linear groove 2111 from each linear groove inlet 21118 of the first grinding wheel and leave the linear groove 2111 from each corresponding linear groove outlet 21119.
Step three, starting a roller conveying system 43, a roller finishing mechanism 44 and a roller feeding mechanism 45; the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism 45 is adjusted to be matched with the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22, so that when the spiral groove inlets 22118 of the second grinding disc are intersected with the linear groove inlets 21118 of the first grinding disc, under the action of the roller feeding mechanism 45, a cylindrical roller 3 to be processed enters the intersection of each of the spiral groove inlets 22118 and the linear groove inlets 21118; the conveying speed of the roller conveying system 43 and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism 44 are adjusted to be matched with the conveying speed of the roller feeding mechanism 45, so that the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed timely enter the intersection of the inlets under the action of the roller feeding mechanism 45 through the roller conveying system 43 and the roller finishing mechanism 44; the machined cylindrical roller 3 entering the intersection of the inlets then enters the grinding processing area by the pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 at the spiral groove inlet 22118 of the second grinding disk due to the relative rotation of the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22; the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed entering the grinding processing area makes linear feeding movement along the linear groove base line 21116 of the first grinding disk under the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk, penetrates through the linear groove 2111 and leaves the grinding processing area from the intersection of each spiral groove outlet 22119 of the second grinding disk and each linear groove outlet 21119 of the first grinding disk; the cylindrical rollers 3 leaving the grinding processing area to be processed sequentially enter an inlet intersection under the action of a roller feeding mechanism 45 after the original sequence is disturbed through a roller collecting mechanism 41, a roller conveying system 43 and a roller finishing mechanism 44; thereby establishing a linear feed of the cylindrical rollers 3 being processed between the first grinding wheel 21 and the second grinding wheel 22 along the linear channel baseline 21116 and a cycle of collection, conveyance, finishing, feeding via the roller-circulation off-disc system 4.
Fourth, the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 is adjusted to the relative working rotation speed, the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism 45 is adjusted to the working feeding speed to match the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 according to the relative working rotation speed of the outer diameter sizes of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22, and the conveying speed of the roller conveying system 43 and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism 44 are adjusted, so that the stock of the processed cylindrical rollers 3 in the positions of the roller collecting mechanism 41, the roller conveying system 43, the roller finishing mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45 in the roller circulating disc outer system 4 are matched, and circulation is smooth and orderly.
And fifthly, filling grinding liquid into the grinding processing area.
Step six, the second grinding disc 22 approaches the first grinding disc 21 further along the axis thereof, so that the rolling surface 32 of the processed cylindrical roller in the grinding processing area is in surface contact with the straight groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and in line contact with the first working surface 221111 of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc respectively, and an initial working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical roller 3 distributed in the grinding processing area, and the initial working pressure is 0.5-2N per processed cylindrical roller on average according to the diameter size of the processed cylindrical roller 3. The sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc for rotating the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed around the self axis 31 is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc for rotating the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed around the self axis 31, and the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed continuously rotates around the self axis 31; at the same time, the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed makes a linear feed motion along the linear groove base line 21116 of the first grinding disk under the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk. The rolling surface 32 of the machined cylindrical roller starts to undergo the grinding process of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the working surface 221111 of the spiral groove of the second grinding disk.
And step seven, along with stable operation of the grinding processing process, gradually increasing the working pressure of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area to the normal working pressure, and averaging 2-50N of each cylindrical roller to be processed according to the diameter size of the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed. The cylindrical roller 3 to be processed maintains the contact relation with the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk of step six, the continuous rotational movement about the own axis 31, and the linear feeding movement along the linear groove base line 21116 of the first grinding disk, and the rolling surface 32 thereof continues to undergo the grinding process of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the first working surface 221111 of the spiral groove of the second grinding disk.
Step eight, performing spot check on the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed after a period of grinding processing; when the surface quality, shape accuracy and dimensional consistency of the rolling surface 32 of the machined cylindrical roller to be subjected to the spot inspection do not meet the technical requirements, continuing the grinding machining of the step; when the surface quality, shape accuracy and dimensional uniformity of the rolling surface 32 of the machined cylindrical roller to be spot inspected meet the specifications, step nine is entered.
Step nine, gradually reducing the working pressure and finally reaching zero; stopping the operation of the roller conveying system 43, the roller finishing mechanism 44 and the roller feeding mechanism 45, and adjusting the relative rotation speeds of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 to zero; stopping filling the grinding processing area with the grinding liquid; the second abrasive disk 22 is driven back along its axis to the rest position. The cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed everywhere in the cycle are collected, and the grinding process ends.
It will be appreciated that the steps and sequences described above may be combined not only as described in the examples, but also in other combinations without departing from the scope of the invention.
In the polishing apparatus for cylindrical roller rolling surface finishing of the present invention, a magnetic structure may also be provided inside the second polishing pad 22 of the polishing pad kit 2 in both cases as described below.
In the first case, when the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed of ferromagnetic material is polished by the fixed abrasive grain polishing method, a magnetic structure is disposed in the second polishing disc 22, and by adjusting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic structure, the sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second polishing disc for the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed of ferromagnetic material rotating around the self axis 31 is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first polishing disc for the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed of ferromagnetic material rotating around the self axis 31, so as to drive the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed of ferromagnetic material to continuously rotate around the self axis 31.
In the second case, when the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted to grind the cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material, the second grinding disc 22 is provided with a built-in magnetic structure, so as to increase the sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc for the cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material rotating around the self axis 31, so that the cylindrical roller 3 made of ferromagnetic material continuously rotates around the self axis 31 and is not restricted by the matching of the material of the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disc.
In the case of grinding the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller with the magnetic structure provided inside the second grinding pan 22 of the grinding pan set 2 in the grinding apparatus of the present invention, the roller circulation outside system 4 in the grinding apparatus used further includes a roller demagnetizing device provided in the roller conveying system 43 in the roller pan outside circulation path or before the roller conveying system 43 for demagnetizing the processed cylindrical roller of ferromagnetic material magnetized by the magnetic field of the magnetic structure built in the second grinding pan so as to avoid agglomeration of the processed cylindrical roller of ferromagnetic material when passing through the roller conveying system 43 or the roller finishing mechanism 44, unlike the grinding method described above, only:
In the third step, the roller demagnetizing device is started at the same time.
Step six, before the initial working pressure is applied to the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area, the magnetic structure enters into a working state; while applying an initial working pressure to the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed which is distributed in the grinding processing area, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic structure is adjusted so that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working face 22111 of the second grinding disk for the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed to rotate around the own axis 31 is larger than the sliding friction resisting moment generated by the linear groove working face 21111 of the first grinding disk for the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed to rotate around the own axis 31, thereby driving the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed to continuously rotate around the own axis 31.
In step nine, after the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc 21 and the second grinding disc 22 is adjusted to zero, the magnetic structure is switched to a non-working state, and the roller demagnetizing device is stopped.
The linear groove work surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the spiral groove work surface 22111 of the second grinding disk, which are processed by the parameter design for the specific cylindrical roller 3 to be processed, inevitably have manufacturing errors, and the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 also have installation errors when installed on a grinding apparatus. These manufacturing errors and mounting errors may cause a difference in contact state of the machined cylindrical roller 3 with the linear groove working surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the spiral groove working surface 22111 of the second grinding disk at the time of grinding processing from ideal.
To reduce this difference, it is recommended that the linear groove work surface 21111 of the first grinding disk and the spiral groove work surface 22111 of the second grinding disk be run-in with the cylindrical rollers 3 to be processed of the same geometric parameters before the first grinding disk 21 and the second grinding disk 22 are used for the first time. The running-in method is the same as the grinding method of the cylindrical roller 3 to be processed; performing spot check on the machined cylindrical roller 3 which participates in running-in, and when the surface quality, shape precision and size consistency of the rolling surface 32 of the machined cylindrical roller of the spot check reach technical requirements, entering a running-in process into a step nine, and finishing running-in; otherwise, continuing to step eight.
The grinding disc kit, the grinding equipment and the grinding method provided by the invention are not limited to be used for finishing the rolling surface of the cylindrical roller, but can also be used for finishing the outer diameter surface of cylindrical parts with the straight plain line characteristic of the cylindrical roller such as rolling pins and the like, and the range of the invention is not exceeded.
Claims (9)
1. An abrasive disc kit for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface, comprising a pair of coaxial first (21) and second (22) abrasive discs, the first (211) and second (221) abrasive disc faces being arranged opposite, characterized in that;
The first grinding disc front surface (211) comprises a group of radial linear grooves (2111) and transition surfaces (2112) connecting adjacent linear grooves;
a linear groove working surface (21111) which is in contact with a rolling surface (32) of a cylindrical roller (3) to be processed during grinding is formed on a linear groove scanning surface (21113), and the linear groove scanning surface (21113) is a constant cross-section scanning surface; the scanning path of the linear groove scanning surface (21113) is a straight line, and a generatrix of the linear groove scanning surface (21113) is in a linear groove normal section (21114); in the straight groove normal section (21114), the section outline (211131) of the straight groove scanning surface (21113) is an arc with a radius of curvature equal to that of the rolling surface (32) of the cylindrical roller to be processed;
-a scanning path of the linear groove scanning surface (21113) passes through a center of curvature of the cross-sectional profile (211131), the scanning path being a linear groove baseline (21116); all the linear groove base lines (21116) are distributed on a right circular conical surface, the right circular conical surface is a first grinding disc base surface (214), the axis of the first grinding disc base surface (214) is a first grinding disc axis (213), and the cone apex angle of the first grinding disc base surface (214) is 2α;
The linear groove base line (21116) is arranged in the first grinding disc shaft section (215), and the first grinding disc shaft section (215) containing the linear groove base line (21116) is a central plane (21112) of the linear groove working surface (21111); in the grinding process, the axis (31) of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in the center plane (21112) of the working surface of the linear groove, the rolling surface (32) of the cylindrical roller to be processed is in surface contact with the working surface (21111) of the linear groove, and the axis (31) of the cylindrical roller to be processed is overlapped with the base line (21116) of the linear groove;
the second abrasive disk front surface (221) comprises one or more spiral grooves (2211) and a transition surface (2212) connecting adjacent spiral grooves;
the spiral groove working surface (22111) comprises a first working surface (221111) which is contacted with the rolling surface (32) of the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed and a second working surface (221112) which is contacted with the round corner (331) of one end surface of the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed during grinding, the first working surface (221111) and the second working surface (221112) are respectively arranged on a first scanning surface (221121) and a second scanning surface (221122), and the first scanning surface (221121) and the second scanning surface (221122) are uniform-section scanning surfaces;
the rolling surface (32) and the end face rounding (331) of the cylindrical roller to be processed are tangent to the first working surface (221111) and the second working surface (221112) respectively under the constraint of the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc; the scanning paths of the first scanning surface (221121) and the second scanning surface (221122) are regular cone spiral lines which pass through the midpoint (Q) of the mapping (CD) of the rolling surface (32) of the processed cylindrical roller on the axis (31) and are distributed on a regular cone surface; the right conical surface is a second grinding disc base surface (224), and the axis of the second grinding disc base surface (224) is a second grinding disc axis (223); the generatrix of the first scanning surface (221121) and the second scanning surface (221122) is arranged in the second grinding disc shaft section (225); the cone apex angle of the second grinding disc base surface (224) is 2 beta, and:
2α+2β＝360°；
When 2α=2β=180°, the first grinding disc axis (213) is perpendicular to the first grinding disc base surface (214), the second grinding disc axis (223) is perpendicular to the second grinding disc base surface (224), and there is a case where the linear groove baseline (21116) is not within the first grinding disc axial section (215) in addition to the linear groove baseline (21116) being within the first grinding disc axial section (215); when the linear groove baseline (21116) is not within the first grinding disk shaft section (215), a central plane (21112) of the linear groove working surface (21111) is parallel to the first grinding disk axis (213).
2. Grinding disc kit for cylindrical roller rolling surface finishing according to claim 1, characterized in that each linear groove inlet (21118) of the first grinding disc is located at the outer edge of the first grinding disc (21) and each linear groove outlet (21119) of the first grinding disc is located at the inner edge of the first grinding disc (21); or each linear groove inlet (21118) of the first grinding disc is positioned at the inner edge of the first grinding disc (21), and each linear groove outlet (21119) of the first grinding disc is positioned at the outer edge of the first grinding disc (21).
3. The grinding disc kit for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface according to claim 1, wherein when the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted, a sliding friction driving moment generated by a friction pair consisting of the material of the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc and the material of the cylindrical roller (3) to be machined is larger than a sliding friction resisting moment generated by a friction pair consisting of the material of the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the material of the cylindrical roller (3) to be machined, which is used for rotating the cylindrical roller (3) to be machined around the self axis (31) under the grinding working condition, so that the cylindrical roller (3) to be machined is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis (31).
4. Grinding apparatus for the finishing of cylindrical roller rolling surfaces, characterized by comprising a main machine, a roller circulation off-disc system (4) and a grinding disc kit (2) for the finishing of cylindrical roller rolling surfaces according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
the host comprises a base (11), an upright post (12), a cross beam (13), a sliding table (14), an upper tray (15), a lower tray (16), an axial loading device (17) and a main shaft device (18);
The base (11), the upright posts (12) and the cross beams (13) form a frame of the host;
a first grinding disc (21) of the grinding disc kit (2) is connected with the lower tray (16), and a second grinding disc (22) of the grinding disc kit (2) is connected with the upper tray (15);
the sliding table (14) is connected with the cross beam (13) through the axial loading device (17), and the upright post (12) can also serve as a guide component to provide a guide function for the sliding table (14) to perform linear motion along the second grinding disc axis (223); the sliding table (14) is driven by the axial loading device (17) to linearly move along the second grinding disc axis (223) under the constraint of the upright post (12) or other guide components;
the spindle device (18) is used for driving the first grinding disc (21) or the second grinding disc (22) to rotate around the axis;
the roller circulation off-disc system (4) comprises a roller collecting mechanism (41), a roller conveying system (43), a roller finishing mechanism (44) and a roller feeding mechanism (45);
the roller collecting mechanism (41) is arranged at each linear groove outlet (21119) of the first grinding disc and is used for collecting the processed cylindrical rollers (3) which leave the grinding processing area surrounded by the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc from each linear groove outlet (21119);
The roller conveying system (43) is used for conveying the processed cylindrical roller (3) from the roller collecting mechanism (41) to the roller feeding mechanism (45);
the roller finishing mechanism (44) is arranged at the front end of the roller feeding mechanism (45) and is used for adjusting the axis (31) of the processed cylindrical roller to the direction required by the roller feeding mechanism (45);
during grinding, the rotation of the grinding disc sleeve (2) is in two modes; in the first mode, the first grinding disc (21) rotates around the axis, and the second grinding disc (22) does not rotate; in the second mode, the first grinding disc (21) does not rotate, and the second grinding disc (22) rotates around the axis of the second grinding disc;
the host has three configurations: -a mainframe-shaped one for the grinding disc kit (2) to revolve in a manner; the second main machine type is used for the second rotation of the grinding disc suite (2) in a mode II; the third main machine type is applicable to both the first rotation of the grinding disc kit (2) and the second rotation of the grinding disc kit (2);
corresponding to host configuration one:
the main shaft device (18) is arranged on the base (11), and drives the first grinding disc (21) to rotate around the axis thereof through the lower tray (16) connected with the main shaft device; the upper tray (15) is connected with the sliding table (14);
During grinding, the first grinding disc (21) rotates around the axis; the sliding table (14) approaches the first grinding disc (21) along the second grinding disc axis (223) under the constraint of the upright (12) or other guide parts, along with an upper tray (15) connected with the sliding table and a second grinding disc (22) connected with the upper tray, and applies working pressure to the processed cylindrical rollers (3) distributed in each linear groove (2111) of the first grinding disc (21);
the roller feeding mechanism (45) is respectively arranged at each spiral groove inlet (22118) of the second grinding disc and is used for pushing a processed cylindrical roller (3) into the linear groove inlet (21118) when any linear groove inlet (21118) of the first grinding disc is intersected with the spiral groove inlet (22118);
corresponding to host configuration two:
the main shaft device (18) is arranged on the sliding table (14), and drives the second grinding disc (22) to rotate around the axis of the second grinding disc through the upper tray (15) connected with the main shaft device; the lower tray (16) is mounted on the base (11);
during grinding, the second grinding disc (22) rotates around the axis; the sliding table (14) is restrained by the upright post (12) or other guiding components, and is close to the first grinding disc (21) along the second grinding disc axis (223) along with a main shaft device (18) on the sliding table, an upper tray (15) connected with the main shaft device (18) and a second grinding disc (22) connected with the upper tray (15), and working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical rollers (3) distributed in each linear groove (2111) of the first grinding disc (21);
The roller feeding mechanism (45) is respectively arranged at each linear groove inlet (21118) of the first grinding disc and is used for pushing a processed cylindrical roller (3) into the linear groove inlet (21118) when any spiral groove inlet (22118) of the second grinding disc is intersected with the linear groove inlet (21118);
corresponding to host configuration three:
two sets of spindle devices (18) are arranged, wherein one set of spindle devices (18) is arranged on the base (11), the lower tray (16) connected with the spindle devices drives the first grinding disc (21) to rotate around the axis of the spindle devices, the other set of spindle devices (18) is arranged on the sliding table (14), and the upper tray (15) connected with the spindle devices drives the second grinding disc (22) to rotate around the axis of the spindle devices; the two sets of spindle devices (18) are provided with locking mechanisms, and only one of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) is allowed to rotate at the same time, and the other grinding disc is in a circumferential locking state;
when the grinding disc set (2) of the grinding device carries out grinding processing in a way of one revolution, the relative motion of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) is the same as that of the main machine; the installation position and the function of the roller feeding mechanism (45) are the same as those of the main frame;
When the grinding disc set (2) of the grinding device rotates for grinding processing in a second mode, the relative motion of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) is the same as that of the second main machine mode; the installation position and the function of the roller feeding mechanism (45) are the same as those of the second main machine form.
5. The grinding apparatus for cylindrical roller rolling surface finishing according to claim 4, wherein the first grinding disc base surface (214) coincides with the second grinding disc base surface (224) at the time of grinding processing; a gap exists between a transition surface (2112) of the first grinding disc front surface (211) connected with the adjacent straight line groove and a transition surface (2212) of the second grinding disc front surface (221) connected with the adjacent spiral groove.
6. A grinding method for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface, characterized by using the grinding apparatus for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface according to claim 4 or 5, and comprising the steps of:
the first step, the second grinding disc (22) approaches to the first grinding disc (21) along the axis of the second grinding disc until the space of each grinding processing area formed by the surrounding of the straight groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc can only accommodate one processed cylindrical roller (3);
Step two, corresponding to a first rotation mode of the grinding disc suite (2), the first grinding disc (21) rotates around the axis of the first grinding disc at a low speed of 1-10 rpm relative to the second grinding disc (22); corresponding to a second rotation mode of the grinding disc suite (2), the second grinding disc (22) rotates around the axis of the second grinding disc at a low speed of 1-10 rpm relative to the first grinding disc (21);
step three, starting a roller conveying system (43), a roller finishing mechanism (44) and a roller feeding mechanism (45); adjusting the feed speed of the roller feed mechanism (45) to match the relative rotational speeds of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22); adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying system (43) and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism (44) to be matched with the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism (45); thereby establishing the linear feeding of the processed cylindrical roller (3) between the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) along the linear groove base line (21116) and the cycle of collecting, conveying, arranging and feeding through the roller cycle off-disc system (4);
step four, adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) to 15-60 rpm relative working rotation speed, adjusting the feeding speed of the roller feeding mechanism (45) to the working feeding speed to be matched with the relative working rotation speed of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22), and adjusting the conveying speed of the roller conveying system (43) and the finishing speed of the roller finishing mechanism (44) to enable the stock of the processed cylindrical rollers (3) in the positions of the roller collecting mechanism (41), the roller conveying system (43), the roller finishing mechanism (44) and the roller feeding mechanism (45) in the roller circulating disc external system (4) to be matched and smoothly and orderly in circulation;
Fifthly, filling grinding liquid into the grinding processing area;
step six, the second grinding disc (22) approaches to the first grinding disc (21) along the axis of the second grinding disc, so that the rolling surface (32) of the processed cylindrical rollers in the grinding processing area is respectively in surface contact with the straight groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and in line contact with the first working surface (221111) of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc, and initial working pressure of 0.5-2N is applied to each processed cylindrical roller (3) distributed in the grinding processing area according to average; the processed cylindrical roller (3) is driven by friction of the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc to continuously rotate around the self axis (31); simultaneously, the processed cylindrical roller (3) performs linear feeding movement along a linear groove base line (21116) of the first grinding disc under the continuous pushing action of the spiral groove working surface (22111); the rolling surface (32) of the processed cylindrical roller starts to be subjected to grinding processing of the straight groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the working surface one (221111) of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
step seven, along with stable operation of the grinding processing process, gradually increasing the working pressure of the cylindrical rollers (3) to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area to average the normal working pressure of 2-50N of each cylindrical roller to be processed; the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed maintains the contact relation between the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc in the sixth step, the continuous rotation motion around the self axis (31) and the linear feeding motion along the linear groove base line (21116), and the rolling surface (32) of the cylindrical roller is continuously subjected to the grinding processing of the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the first working surface (221111) of the spiral groove of the second grinding disc;
Step eight, performing spot check on the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed after a period of grinding processing; when the surface quality, shape precision and size consistency of the rolling surface (32) of the processed cylindrical roller to be subjected to the spot inspection do not meet the technical requirements, continuing the grinding processing of the step; when the surface quality, the shape precision and the size consistency of the rolling surface (32) of the processed cylindrical roller to be subjected to the spot inspection meet the technical requirements, entering a step nine;
step nine, gradually reducing the working pressure and finally reaching zero; stopping the operation of the roller conveying system (43), the roller finishing mechanism (44) and the roller feeding mechanism (45), and adjusting the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) to zero; stopping filling the grinding processing area with the grinding liquid; the second abrasive disk (22) is retracted along its axis back to the rest position.
7. Grinding method for finishing cylindrical roller rolling surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that the second grinding disc (22) of the grinding disc package (2) in the grinding apparatus used is internally provided with magnetic structures, the roller circulation off-disc system (4) in the grinding apparatus used also comprising roller demagnetizing means, differing from the grinding method according to claim 6 only in that:
Step three, starting a roller demagnetizing device at the same time;
step six, before the initial working pressure is applied to the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed distributed in the grinding processing area, the magnetic structure enters into a working state; the initial working pressure is applied to the processed cylindrical roller (3) distributed in the grinding processing area, and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic structure is adjusted, so that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc for rotating the processed cylindrical roller (3) around the self axis (31) is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc for rotating the processed cylindrical roller (3) around the self axis (31), and the processed cylindrical roller is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis;
in step nine, after the relative rotation speed of the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) is adjusted to zero, the magnetic structure is switched to a non-working state, and the roller demagnetizing device is stopped.
8. Grinding method for the finishing of cylindrical roller rolling surfaces according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc are run-in with the cylindrical roller (3) to be machined of the same geometrical parameters before the first grinding disc (21) and the second grinding disc (22) are used for the first time; the running-in method is the same as the grinding method of the cylindrical roller (3) to be processed; performing spot check on the machined cylindrical roller (3) which participates in running-in, and entering a running-in process into a step nine when the surface quality, shape precision and size consistency of the rolling surface (32) of the machined cylindrical roller of the spot check meet the technical requirements; otherwise, continuing to step eight.
9. Grinding method for finishing a cylindrical roller rolling surface according to claim 7, characterized in that the second grinding disc (22) of the grinding disc package (2) in the grinding apparatus used is provided with a magnetic structure inside, either:
firstly, when a processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials is ground by adopting a fixed abrasive grain grinding mode, a magnetic structure is arranged in a second grinding disc (22), and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic structure is adjusted to ensure that the sliding friction driving moment generated by the rotation of a spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc on the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials around a self axis (31) is larger than the sliding friction resistance moment generated by the rotation of a linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc on the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials around the self axis (31), so that the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials is driven to continuously rotate around the self axis (31);
and in the second case, when the free abrasive grain grinding mode is adopted to grind the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials, the second grinding disc (22) is internally provided with a magnetic structure so as to increase the sliding friction driving moment generated by the rotation of the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc on the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials around the self axis (31), so that the continuous rotation of the processed cylindrical roller (3) made of ferromagnetic materials around the self axis (31) is not restricted by the matching of the material of the linear groove working surface (21111) of the first grinding disc and the material of the spiral groove working surface (22111) of the second grinding disc.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810850339.9A CN108908094B (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2018-07-28 | Grinding disc, equipment and method for finishing rolling surface of cylindrical roller |
| JP2021504163A JP7311171B2 (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2019-07-26 | Grinding disc set, equipment and method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers |
| PCT/CN2019/097909 WO2020024878A1 (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2019-07-26 | Grinding disk kit, apparatus and method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing roller |
| US17/160,351 US20210146494A1 (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2021-01-27 | Grinding disk kit, grinding equipment and grinding method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing rollers |
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| CN201810850339.9A CN108908094B (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2018-07-28 | Grinding disc, equipment and method for finishing rolling surface of cylindrical roller |
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| CN108908094A CN108908094A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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| WO2020024878A1 (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2020-02-06 | 天津大学 | Grinding disk kit, apparatus and method for finishing rolling surfaces of bearing roller |
| CN112059895B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2024-06-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Bearing roller ELID grinding method based on active control of oxide film state |
| CN118528086B (en) * | 2024-07-29 | 2024-09-17 | 万向钱潮股份公司 | Bearing double-end-face machining method and system |
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Effective date of registration: 20241009 Address after: Tianjin University beiyangyuan campus, No. 135, Yaguan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300500 Patentee after: Tianjin University Country or region after: China Patentee after: Tianjin University Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Tianjin University beiyangyuan campus, No. 135, Yaguan Road, Haihe Education Park, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300500 Patentee before: Tianjin University Country or region before: China |