CN103991025A - High-accuracy ball body machining method through eccentric type curvature-variable groove - Google Patents
High-accuracy ball body machining method through eccentric type curvature-variable groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN103991025A CN103991025A CN201410216546.0A CN201410216546A CN103991025A CN 103991025 A CN103991025 A CN 103991025A CN 201410216546 A CN201410216546 A CN 201410216546A CN 103991025 A CN103991025 A CN 103991025A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/02—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working surfaces of revolution
- B24B37/025—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working surfaces of revolution designed for working spherical surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/12—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/16—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping plate surface, e.g. grooved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a high-accuracy ball body machining method through an eccentric type curvature-variable groove. A machining device for achieving the method comprises an upper grinding disc, a lower grinding disc and a pressurizing system. The upper grinding disc is connected with an upper grinding disc main shaft. The lower grinding disc is connected with a lower grinding disc main shaft. The upper grinding disc main shaft and the lower grinding disc main shaft are connected with driving mechanisms respectively. The upper grinding disc is placed right above the lower grinding disc. A loading system is arranged on the upper grinding disc. The curvature-track-variable groove is formed in the lower grinding disc. The center of a curvature-variable track and the center of the grinding disc are eccentric. The pressurizing system has an effect on a ball blank through the upper grinding disc. A groove structure and the upper grinding disc form three machining contact points of a grinding ball. The ball blank to be machined moves between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc in the groove during a machining process. According to the high-accuracy ball body machining method through the eccentric type curvature-variable groove, high machining accuracy, high machining efficiency and machining consistency can be achieved, the machining device is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bulb grinding/polishing processing method, particularly precise finiss/the polishing processing method of high-precision ceramic balls in high speed, high-precision ceramic ball bearing, belongs to the spherical part process technology of high accuracy.
Background technology
Accurate ball is as the critical elements in roundness measuring equipment, gyro, bearing and fine measuring instrument, and demand is huge, is widely used in precision optical machinery, Aero-Space, military and national defense, field of petrochemical industry.The precision of accurate ball is the guarantee of roundness measuring equipment, gyro, fine measuring instrument precision, and bearing directly affects kinematic accuracy and the life-span of bearing by the precision (spherical deviation and surface roughness) of ball, and then affects the performance of instrument, functions of the equipments.High-precise ball processing method mainly adopts grinding/finishing method.Grinding/polishing is between grinding tool and workpiece, to add abrasive material and reaching by the interaction between grinding tool, workpiece, abrasive material three a kind of processing method that material is removed.Grinding precision and the efficiency of grinding/finishing method on accurate ball has important impact.In process of lapping, the lapping mode of ball base and lap tool has directly determined the grinding balling-up campaign of ball base.Can grind trace uniform fold sphere be high-efficient grinding ball base, improves sphericity, obtains the key of high-accuracy ball.
At present, more existing corresponding method machining high-precision balls both at home and abroad, these methods are mainly divided into lap tool processing method and mill processing method.Lap tool processing method working (machining) efficiency is low, and precision is high.Mill polishing working (machining) efficiency is high, but precision is low, and it comprises V-shaped groove polishing, circle groove polishing, conical disc polishing, angle of rotation ACTIVE CONTROL polishing, magnetic suspension polishing etc.In the process such as V-shaped groove attrition process, circle groove attrition process, conical disc attrition process, ball base can only be made " constant relative bearing " and grind motion, the axis of rotation that is ball base is fixed the space orientation of hollow shaft, and ball base is around a fixing axis of rotation rotation.Practice and theory analysis all show that " constant relative bearing " grinds motion is disadvantageous to the grinding of ball, the grinding trace that the contact point of ball base and abrasive disk forms on ball base surface is one group of annulus taking the ball base axis of rotation as axle, abrasive disk carries out " repeatability " along three coaxial circles traces of three contact points to ball base and grinds, be unfavorable for that ball base surface obtains evenly and grinds rapidly, in reality processing, need to rely on ball base to skid, the phenomenons such as stirring, make the spin axis of ball base and the relative workpiece orientation of hollow shaft occur slowly to change, reach the object of even grinding, but the variation of this spin angle is very slow, random, uncontrollable, thereby sphericity and the working (machining) efficiency of processing are limited.And angle of rotation ACTIVE CONTROL polishing have can independent rotation three abrasive disks, can change by controlling lap speed the orientation of the spin axis of adjusting ball base, ball base can be made " change relative bearing " and grind motion, the grinding trace on ball base surface is the Spatial Sphere surface curve taking the ball base axis of rotation as axle, can cover the even whole ball base of major part surface, be conducive to ball base surface and obtain evenly, grind efficiently, but processing unit (plant) complexity.Two rotating disk lapping modes on the basis of angle of rotation ACTIVE CONTROL polishing, optimizing machining technology device, three rotating disks only need wherein two rotations, another piece maintains static, and grinds motion by " the change relative bearing " that regulates the rotating speed of rotating disc to realize ball base.The method has been optimized mechanism, but in process, only has groove one, is unfavorable for batch machining.The principal character of magnetic suspension Ginding process is to adopt magnetic fluid technique to realize the high-efficient grinding to ball base, except the mode difference of the pressurization to ball base, it is basic identical with the motion mode in V-shaped groove attrition process and conical disc attrition process that it grinds motion mode, therefore, in its process, sphericity is restricted equally.
Therefore, for the processing of the difficult-to-machine material high-precise balls such as Ceramic Balls, be badly in need of a kind ofly can realizing higher machining accuracy and working (machining) efficiency, possess again grinding/polishing processing method simple in structure, manufacturing cost is lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the sphericity of existing bulb grinding/polishing processing method and working (machining) efficiency is low, poor, the processing unit (plant) of processing uniformity and control complexity, deficiency that cost is high, the invention provides and a kind ofly can realize higher machining accuracy, working (machining) efficiency and processing uniformity, possess again the method for the centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere that processing unit (plant) is simple in structure, manufacturing cost is lower.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere, the processing unit (plant) of realizing described method comprises top lap, lower abrasive disk and compression system, described top lap connects top lap main shaft, described lower abrasive disk connects lower abrasive disk main shaft, described top lap main shaft is connected with driving mechanism respectively with lower abrasive disk main shaft, described top lap be positioned at lower abrasive disk directly over, described loading system is positioned on described top lap, on described lower abrasive disk, have the groove of variable curvature track, the center of described variable curvature track and grinding center exist eccentric, described compression system acts on ball base by top lap, and described groove structure forms three processing contact points of mill ball together with top lap, and in process, ball base to be processed moves between upper and lower abrasive disk and in groove.
Further, the center of described variable curvature track and the mode of grinding center bias are: top lap and lower abrasive disk spindle eccentricity, the variable curvature track center of groove and the center superposition of lower abrasive disk.
Or the center of described variable curvature track and the mode of grinding center bias are: point-blank, the variable curvature track center of groove and the center of lower abrasive disk exist eccentric for top lap and lower abrasive disk center.
Further, described processing unit (plant) also comprises circulation ball delivery device, the entrance of described circulation ball delivery device is connected with the outlet of described groove, on described top lap, have spheroid entrance, the outlet of described circulation ball delivery device is connected with the upper end of described spheroid entrance, and the lower end of described spheroid entrance is communicated with the entrance of described groove; Spheroid after processing sequentially enters circulation ball delivery device, again enters variable curvature groove processing region by circulation ball delivery device, realizes the cyclic process of spheroid.
In actual processing, the processing result of single milling cycle (from mill feeding mouth process whole variable curvature groove path to mill discharging opening) is not enough to the aimed at precision that reaches required, and above-mentioned circulation ball delivery device can address this problem.
The abrasive material of processing is selected fixed abrasive material or free abrasive.Described ball base to be processed, between upper and lower abrasive disk working face, is evenly ground under the effect of certain load and abrasive material
Technical conceive of the present invention is: adopt variable curvature ditch groove center and rotary main shaft bias, top lap contacts and grinds with 3 of spheroid formations with the variable curvature groove on lower abrasive disk, upper and lower abrasive disk rotary main shaft is driven by two individual motor, select suitable variable curvature track and offset, can realize rotatablely moving in ball base three degree of freedom direction, spheroid moves along variable curvature groove, realize " change relative bearing " and grind motion, grinding track is evenly distributed on the surface of ball, realizes the even grinding to spherome surface.In actual processing, single attrition process quantity not sufficient, to reach required aimed at precision, coordinates the processing unit (plant) of the inventive method also to comprise the mechanism that loses of circulating, and makes the processing of sphere process become continuous circulation processing.The ball load of a ball load of variable curvature groove and traditional V-shaped groove processing method is suitable, adopt the mode of upsetting at random to change compared with spheroid attitude with traditional V-shaped groove processing method, under variable curvature groove mill lapping mode, the machining path that every ball experiences is consistent, has greatly improved batch uniformity of the processing of sphere.Compression system applies elastic load to ball base, can make larger ball be subject to larger load, thereby can ensure all the time good grinding size selectivity in process---and grind large ball, do not grind or grind less bead; The major axis of abrading-ball base, does not grind or grinds less minor axis, therefore can revise fast spherical deviation.
In process, ball base to be processed moves between upper and lower abrasive disk and in groove, and a ball goes out variable curvature groove and enters EGR, and another ball goes out EGR and enters variable curvature groove, and circulation for several times and so forth.Under the effect of pressure and abrasive material, after long-time processing, the abundant homogenize of the trueness error of each part and scale error, finally can obtain high accuracy and high conforming spheroid.Add optimum experimental by emulation and choose suitable offset, grinding track is evenly distributed on sphere.
The inventive method is carried out in high-precise ball grinding/polishing process, single ball grinding mechanism is analyzed as follows: suppose that ball base is standard ball, nothing distortion between ball base and abrasive disk contact point, without relative sliding, between ball base, nothing is pushed phenomenon, spheroid is only subject to abrasive disk effect, and upper and lower abrasive disk is by fricton-tightly driving spheroid to do to grind motion with the contact point of ball.The first eccentric situation upper and lower abrasive disk spindle eccentricity, variable curvature ditch groove center and lower abrasive disk center superposition.The contact point of establishing abrasive disk and ball as accompanying drawing 4-1,4-2 is respectively A, B, C, O
1for the top lap alignment of shafts, O
2for variable curvature track center, e is O
1, O
2between distance, O
afor the instantaneous center of curvature of the centre of sphere, O
bfor the centre of sphere, r
bfor ball base radius,
for centre of sphere O
binstantaneous polar angle,
for the instantaneous center of curvature O of the centre of sphere
awith centre of sphere O
bline and variable curvature track center O
2with centre of sphere O
bangle between line.Three contact points are respectively l to the distance of upper and lower abrasive disk gyroaxis
a, l
b, l
c, ρ is centre of sphere O
binstantaneous pole footpath.Upper and lower lap speed is respectively ω
1, ω
2.With centre of sphere O
bnormal direction and tangential motion direction set up plane coordinate system X-Y.V
athe instantaneous velocity that the upper A of dish is ordered, τ
afor V
aangle with Y-axis.Straight vertical is Z direction towards outer direction, and Fig. 4-2 provide the analysis chart of X-Z plane.The shape of groove is definite by oblique angle α, the β of lower abrasive disk inner disc and lower abrasive disk outer disk, in actual engineering application, and general α=β.Radius is r
bball base in the groove of lower abrasive disk composition with angular speed Ω
brevolution rotation, as accompanying drawing 4-3 ball base spin velocity ω
scan be divided into ω
scomponent ω at ball base on circle heavy gauge
band ω
scomponent ω on z axle
g.Spin velocity ω
bthe direction of vector in this plane represented by θ, ω
gwith ω
sbetween angle represent with γ.According to grinding, balling-up mechanism is known, both direction angle θ and the γ of the ball base axis of rotation, as long as meet one of them deflection [90 °, 90 °] continuously variation can realize the full envelope processing of spheroid.The in the situation that of all constant at θ angle and γ angle, three grinding tracks that A, B, C tri-contact points form at spherome surface are three coaxial circles.The radius of curvature of angle of rotation θ angle and γ angle and lower abrasive disk groove track and the eccentric throw of top lap axle are closely related.By changing groove trajectory and the eccentric throw with rotary main shaft thereof, angle of rotation γ can be in [90 °～90 °] scope value, make spheroid do " change relative bearing " motion, make to grind trace and be evenly distributed on the surface of ball, realize the even grinding to high-precise ball surface.
The present invention is a lot of to grind/polishing of high-precise ball related geometry and technological parameter, but ball lapping is had to mainly containing of material impact: geometric parameter r
b, ρ, e, α, β etc., and processing load W and ω
1, ω
2the technological parameters such as abrasive material.Here inquire into emphatically wherein most important two parameters---the eccentric distance e of groove track utmost point footpath ρ and upper and lower abrasive disk two between centers.
The signal of 4-1,4-2,4-3 with reference to the accompanying drawings, groove track, as accompanying drawing 3-1, is derived according to theory, obtains expression formula:
Above formula shows that angle of rotation γ is about the function of centre of sphere instantaneous pole footpath ρ and eccentric distance e, change, and γ ∈ [90 °, 90 °] changes continuously, as accompanying drawing 4-4 along with the change of ρ and eccentric distance e.
The eccentric situation of the second: the upper and lower abrasive disk alignment of shafts point-blank, variable curvature groove track center on lower abrasive disk and lower abrasive disk center bias, the eccentric situation analysis similar process of single ball grinding mechanism analytic process and the first, the signal of 5-1,5-2,4-3 with reference to the accompanying drawings, if the contact point of abrasive disk and ball is respectively A, B, C, O
1, O
3for the up/down abrasive disk alignment of shafts, O
2for variable curvature track center, e is O
1, O
2between distance, O
afor the instantaneous center of curvature of the centre of sphere, O
bfor the centre of sphere, r
bfor ball base radius,
for centre of sphere O
binstantaneous polar angle,
for the instantaneous center of curvature O of the centre of sphere
awith centre of sphere O
bline and variable curvature track center O
2with centre of sphere O
bangle between line.Three contact points are respectively l to the distance of upper and lower abrasive disk gyroaxis
a, l
b, l
c, ρ is centre of sphere O
binstantaneous pole footpath.Upper and lower lap speed is respectively ω
1, ω
2.With centre of sphere O
bnormal direction and tangential motion direction set up plane coordinate system X-Y.Straight vertical is Z direction towards outer direction, and Fig. 5-2 provide the analysis chart of X-Z plane.Groove track 3-4, the shape of groove is definite by oblique angle α, the β of lower abrasive disk inner disc and lower abrasive disk outer disk, in actual engineering application, general α=β.Derive according to theory, obtain expression formula:
Above formula also shows that angle of rotation γ is about the function of centre of sphere instantaneous pole footpath ρ and eccentric distance e, change, and γ ∈ [90 °, 90 °] changes continuously, as accompanying drawing 5-3 along with the change of ρ and eccentric distance e.
Therefore, the Changing Pattern of final angle of rotation depends primarily on type and the parameter (above-mentioned derivation is applicable to the various variable curvature track such as involute, helix groove) of eccentric throw and variable curvature track.
Ball base skidding at random in grinding is the most harmful to ball lapping, not only directly destroy the Grinding Quality of spheroid, move but also destroy normal grinding, thereby cause crowded the touching between adjacent spheroid, more serious meeting has influence on normally carrying out of high-precision sphere attrition process.Therefore, processing load and lap speed are that another important machined parameters does to grind without skidding at random motion to guaranteeing high-precise ball in grinding.In the time determining occurrence, must take into account crudy and working (machining) efficiency.For example, in the time slightly grinding, can select larger grinding pressure and lap speed, to improve the removal speed of allowance, if lay particular emphasis on grinding precision, processing load and lap speed should select a little bit smaller.The last of variable curvature track, offset, processing load and lap speed determined, also necessary by the field experiment of large quantitative analysis, emulation and ball lapping, to obtain best grinding effect.
Pottery belongs to fragile material, and under the effect of abrasive particle, surface can produce different crackles, so the attrition process of Ceramic Balls will be carried out step by step, by slightly completing to an essence point multiple working procedure.Operation is long non-cutting time in many times, and process time is many, and it is long that the cleaning of ball picks and places the time, and great advantage is can reasonable distribution allowance, and per pass process efficiency is high.When operation is few non-cutting time short, long processing time, abrasive particle degree difference is large, must ensure that enough allowance could remove defect that preceding working procedure is stayed and improve gradually machining accuracy.The division of operation will be according to manufacturing batch, ball base surplus, and error size etc. are comprehensively definite, and when batch is larger, operation is divided the raising that contributes to whole efficiency.Therefore, the present invention carries out a rational processing technology of Ceramic Balls attrition process and is: slightly grind---half lappingout---lappingout---superfinishing is ground---polishing.For ensureing grinding efficiency and precision, should carry out reasonable arrangement operation according to the surplus of batch size, ball base, to essence, progressively reduce grinding pressure and rotating speed by slightly.Adjust rational grinding agent and contribute to improve grinding precision and efficiency, need take measures abrasive material is suspended in lapping liquid, lapping liquid circulation is wanted evenly.The precision of lapping device has a great impact the raising of grinding efficiency and precision, mainly should ensure the depth of parallelism, perpendicularity and guiding accuracy between upper and lower abrasive disk, and this is directly connected to the stressed and motion state of ball base.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention for: the processing unit (plant) structure 1, adopting is comparatively simple, can reach the motion state of ACTIVE CONTROL ball base in process of lapping, realize the grinding balling-up campaign of " becoming relative bearing ", simultaneously by circulation ball delivery device, realize the processing of spheroid continuous circulation, reduced the impact of human factor, improved uniformity and the stability of processing, 2, in conjunction with rational grinding process technique, can effectively improve grinding precision and the grinding efficiency of Ceramic Balls, realize batch production, in machining accuracy, efficiency and frame for movement, there is obvious comprehensive advantage, 3, the inventive method also can be used for machining high-precision steel bearing ball, the bulb of the bright ball of agate and other material, by grinding precision and the grinding efficiency produced in batches improving accurate ball, the special substance balls such as development superhigh precision ball and Ceramic Balls all will play very positive effect, can be at a high speed, high-precision main shaft system provides crucial fundamental parts, promote Digit Control Machine Tool, the related industries such as precision instrument are towards high speed, efficiently, high-precision direction is development at a quick pace, and can progressively form the high-tech industry of professional production high-precision ceramic ball bearing, tap new sources of economic growth.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the device of axis centering type variable curvature groove mill machining high-precision spheroid of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the device of variable curvature groove centering type mill machining high-precision spheroid in the present invention.
Fig. 3-1 is that in the present invention, mill groove track is the schematic diagram of spiral of Archimedes shape.
Fig. 3-2 are that in the present invention, mill groove track is the nemaline schematic diagram of variable-pitch propeller.
The centering type spiral of Archimedes groove track schematic diagram of Fig. 3-3 for adopting in the present invention.
The centering type variable-pitch propeller line tracking schematic diagram of Fig. 3-4 for adopting in the present invention.
Fig. 4-1 is the motion analysis of contact point on axis centering type variable curvature groove mill top view of the present invention.
Fig. 4-2 are Ceramic Balls grinding geometrical relationship figure in axis centering type variable curvature groove of the present invention.
Fig. 4-3 are the orientation diagram of angle of rotation γ in the present invention and θ.
Fig. 4-4 are the emulation schematic diagram of angle of rotation γ under axis centering type of the present invention.
Fig. 5-1 is the motion analysis of contact point on variable curvature groove centering type mill top view in the present invention.
Fig. 5-2 are variable curvature groove centering type Ceramic Balls grinding geometrical relationship figure in the present invention.
Fig. 5-3 are the emulation schematic diagram of angle of rotation γ under variable curvature groove bias in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of method of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere, realize in the process equipment of described processing method, on lower abrasive disk, have the groove of variable curvature track, load compression system acts on ball base by top lap, described variable curvature groove forms three processing contact points of mill ball together with top lap, not point-blank, and upper lower main axis is driven by two driving mechanisms (can select motor) independently at the center of described top lap, lower abrasive disk rotary main shaft.
By selecting variable curvature track and top lap spindle eccentricity amount, ball base is done " change relative bearing " motion, grinding track is evenly distributed on the surface of ball.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3-1, the present embodiment process equipment used comprises top lap 2, lower abrasive disk 1, compression system 3, top lap main shaft 4, lower abrasive disk main shaft 8, ball base 5, the first material disc 7, the second logistics dish 9 and circulation ball delivery device 6.Top lap 2 is connected with compression system 3, on lower abrasive disk 1, have the groove of variable curvature track, the entrance of the groove of described variable curvature track is connected with the second material disc 9, on described lower abrasive disk 1, the terminal of groove is connected with the first material disc 7, described the first material disc 7 is connected with circulation ball delivery device 6 one end, and described circulation ball delivery device 6 other ends are connected with the second material disc 9.Described top lap main shaft 4 with lower abrasive disk main shaft 8 not on same straight line, i.e. eccentric setting mutually, the direction that top lap main shaft 4 increases with respect to the eccentric direction inversion curvature track radius of curvature of lower abrasive disk main shaft 8.
Groove structure on lower abrasive disk 1 forms three processing contact points of mill ball base 5 together with top lap 2, and ball base 5 to be processed moves in variable curvature groove, and its angle of rotation also changes thereupon, realizes " change relative bearing " and grinds motion.Ball base surface is obtained evenly and grind, revise fast deviation from spherical form, improve lapping efficiency and the machining accuracy of ball.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 2, a kind of method of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere, realize in the process equipment of described processing method, on lower abrasive disk, have the groove of variable curvature track, load compression system acts on ball base by top lap, and described groove structure forms three processing contact points of mill ball together with top lap, and the center of described variable curvature groove and the lower abrasive disk alignment of shafts exist eccentric, upper and lower abrasive disk main shaft is coaxial, and upper lower main axis is driven by two motors independently.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3-3, it comprises top lap 2, lower abrasive disk 1, compression system 3, top lap main shaft 4, lower abrasive disk main shaft 8, ball base 5, material disc 7,9 and circulation ball delivery device 6 the present embodiment high-efficient grinding/burnishing device used.Top lap 2 is connected with compression system 3, on lower abrasive disk 1, have variable curvature groove, the center of described variable curvature groove and lower abrasive disk center exist eccentric, the entrance of described variable curvature groove is connected with material disc 9, on described lower abrasive disk 1, the terminal of groove is connected with material disc 7, described material disc 7 is connected with circulation ball delivery device 6 one end, and described circulation ball delivery device 6 other ends are connected with material disc 9.The center of described top lap main shaft 4 and lower abrasive disk main shaft 8 point-blank, and is driven by two individual motor respectively.Groove structure on lower abrasive disk 1 forms three processing contact points of mill ball base 5 together with top lap 2, and ball base 5 to be processed moves in variable curvature groove, and its angle of rotation also changes thereupon, realizes " change relative bearing " and grinds motion.Ball base surface is obtained evenly and grind, revise fast deviation from spherical form, improve lapping efficiency and the machining accuracy of ball.
Processing is initial, lower abrasive disk 1 is on variable curvature ditch slotted disk, to put uniformly ball base 5 to be processed, in material disc 9, put into part ball base 5 to be processed, in process, ball base 5 to be processed moves between upper and lower abrasive disk and in groove, ball base sequentially passes in and out variable curvature groove and enters material disc 7,9, and circulation for several times and so forth.Under the effect of pressure and lapping liquid, after long-time processing, the material of each ball base is removed, and the abundant homogenize of trueness error and scale error finally can obtain high accuracy and high conforming ball finished product.
The abrasive material of processing is selected fixed abrasive material, free abrasive, half fixed abrasive material, and described Ceramic Balls base to be processed, between upper and lower abrasive disk working face, is evenly ground under the effect of certain load and abrasive material.Utilize the inventive method processing silicon nitride ceramic ball base, processing conditions is as following table 1:
Table 1
What following table 2 was listed is the testing result of ceramic ball finished product.From testing result: the precision level of the Ceramic Balls processing has reached the G3 precision of steel ball.
Table 2
Embodiment 3
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the variable curvature groove track in the present embodiment adopts the variable-pitch propeller line shown in Fig. 3-2.All the other structures of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1 with implementation.
Embodiment 4
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, variable curvature groove bias in the present embodiment, the variable-pitch propeller line of the variable curvature groove track adopting as shown in accompanying drawing 3-4.All the other structures of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 2 with implementation.
Claims (5)
1. the method for a centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere, it is characterized in that: the processing unit (plant) of realizing described method comprises top lap, lower abrasive disk and compression system, described top lap connects top lap main shaft, described lower abrasive disk connects lower abrasive disk main shaft, described top lap main shaft is connected with driving mechanism respectively with lower abrasive disk main shaft, described top lap be positioned at lower abrasive disk directly over, described loading system is positioned on described top lap, on described lower abrasive disk, have the groove of variable curvature track, the center of described variable curvature track and grinding center exist eccentric, described compression system acts on ball base by top lap, and described groove structure forms three processing contact points of mill ball together with top lap, and in process, ball base to be processed moves between upper and lower abrasive disk and in groove.
2. the method for a kind of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the center of described variable curvature track and the mode of grinding center bias are: top lap and lower abrasive disk spindle eccentricity, the variable curvature track center of groove and the center superposition of lower abrasive disk.
3. the method for a kind of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the center of described variable curvature track and the mode of grinding center bias are: point-blank, the variable curvature track center of groove and the center of lower abrasive disk exist eccentric for top lap and lower abrasive disk center.
4. the method for a kind of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere as described in one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described processing unit (plant) also comprises circulation ball delivery device, the entrance of described circulation ball delivery device is connected with the outlet of described groove, on described top lap, have spheroid entrance, the outlet of described circulation ball delivery device is connected with the upper end of described spheroid entrance, and the lower end of described spheroid entrance is communicated with the entrance of described groove; Spheroid after processing sequentially enters circulation ball delivery device, again enters variable curvature groove processing region by circulation ball delivery device, realizes the cyclic process of spheroid.
5. the method for a kind of centering type variable curvature groove processing high-precision sphere as described in one of claim 1～3, is characterized in that: the abrasive material of processing is selected fixed abrasive material or free abrasive.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105881197A (en) * | 2016-06-05 | 2016-08-24 | 山东东阿钢球集团有限公司 | Novel steel ball grinding disc and ball grinding method thereof |
| CN106181750A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2016-12-07 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Machine abrasive disk frock |
| CN104440457B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江工业大学 | High-precision ball machining method through spiral separation-type V-shaped groove |
| CN107309714A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-03 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of change rail Ginding process and rail changing device on concentric circles V-shaped groove sphere grinder |
| CN108247526A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-06 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of grinder of workpiece easy to clean |
| CN108247527A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-06 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of Full-automatic grinder |
| CN108274386A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-13 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of double-layer grinder for capableing of automatic charging |
| CN112025541A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 中材高新氮化物陶瓷有限公司 | Silicon nitride ceramic micro-bead batch processing method |
| CN112497047A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-16 | 泰安市超越精密钢球有限公司 | Device for improving roundness of finished steel ball and application process thereof |
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| CN104440457B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江工业大学 | High-precision ball machining method through spiral separation-type V-shaped groove |
| CN105881197A (en) * | 2016-06-05 | 2016-08-24 | 山东东阿钢球集团有限公司 | Novel steel ball grinding disc and ball grinding method thereof |
| CN106181750A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2016-12-07 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Machine abrasive disk frock |
| CN107309714A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-03 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of change rail Ginding process and rail changing device on concentric circles V-shaped groove sphere grinder |
| CN108247526A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-06 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of grinder of workpiece easy to clean |
| CN108247527A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-06 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of Full-automatic grinder |
| CN108274386A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-13 | 蚌埠市鸿鹄精工机械有限公司 | A kind of double-layer grinder for capableing of automatic charging |
| CN112025541A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 中材高新氮化物陶瓷有限公司 | Silicon nitride ceramic micro-bead batch processing method |
| WO2022041360A1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | 中材高新氮化物陶瓷有限公司 | Batch processing method for silicon nitride ceramic microbeads |
| CN112497047A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-16 | 泰安市超越精密钢球有限公司 | Device for improving roundness of finished steel ball and application process thereof |
| CN112497047B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-01-28 | 泰安市超越精密钢球有限公司 | Device for improving roundness of finished steel ball and application process thereof |
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