CN108893122A - A kind of preparation and its application method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk - Google Patents
A kind of preparation and its application method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108893122A CN108893122A CN201810905107.9A CN201810905107A CN108893122A CN 108893122 A CN108893122 A CN 108893122A CN 201810905107 A CN201810905107 A CN 201810905107A CN 108893122 A CN108893122 A CN 108893122A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- desertification
- soil
- desertification soil
- stalk
- straw
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/30—Polyisocyanates; Polyurethanes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The preparation and its application method of the invention discloses a kind of desertification soil conditioner based on stalk, using stalk powder in ethylene glycol, ethylene carbonate, the in the mixed solvent of sulfuric acid composition, liquefaction prepares straw polyatomic alcohol under normal pressure medium temperature condition, by polyurethane foaming equipment, straw polyatomic alcohol and isocyanates high speed are mixed, and it is quickly sprayed in the desertification soil for applying a large amount of decomposed manure material, it is stirred simultaneously using rotary agitator to spraying soil is received, reunion soil after stirring is placed in desertification land surface, the arable layer of the retain water and nutrients with porous structure through 20 cm of swaging Cheng Houda that kicks the beam.Modifying agent prepared by the present invention solves the characteristic of the dispersion of desertification soil particle, retain water and nutrients difference, effectively increases aggregate structure and water conservation, the water-holding capacity and Nutrient absorption function of desertification soil.Stalk liquid improves the organic matter type and content of desertification soil, is conducive to reparation and the efficient agriculture and forestry of development in desertification soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture chemistry technical fields, and in particular to a kind of desertification soil conditioner preparation based on stalk
And its application method.
Background technique
Soil sandification problem causes the production space of the mankind and sustainable development to receive serious threat, becomes
One of the ecological environment problem of whole world concern.China is deep one of the major country endangered by desertification, throughout Xinjiang,
The areas such as the Inner Mongol, Tibet, Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, area coverage is up to 1,490,000 km2, the about Chinese gross area
15.5%.Deserts in China area is big, due to populous, ecology fragility etc., in addition desertification soil water consumption is big and plants
The planting effect of object is poor, causes the prevention and treatment of Chinese soil desertification and difficulty of governance very big.Therefore it is badly in need of developing a kind of to change
Become grains of sand psephicity height in desertification soil, specific surface area is small, particle is loose, not bunched, water conservation water storage power is low, the content of organic matter
The soil conditioner of low characteristic, to effectively realize the inhibition of soil sandification and the greening of desertification soil.
The modifying agent of the existing Desert Control soil in China mainly directly applies artificial organic soil or only single at present
Water-retaining agent is added, does not solve the characteristic of desertification soil dispersion thoroughly, and actual effect is general.Such as Chinese invention patent application
CN105660234A discloses the preparation of artificial soil and is used for the improvement of desertification soil, mainly uses animal waste etc.
Artificial soil is made in raw material, although the content of organic matter of desertification soil can be improved in this method, this method does not consider desertification
The water conservation of soil, water-holding capacity, and artificial organic soil is delivered to that desertification soil zone cost is too high, and unsuitable reality is answered
With.For another example Chinese invention patent application CN106544032A discloses a kind of modifying agent of desertification soil, using acrylic acid and
The water-preserving granular of sodium alginate preparation can increase the water-holding capacity of prone soil, but not solve the loose of prone soil particle at all
Characteristic, be not suitable for for a long time be applied to desert area.Therefore need to develop it is a kind of it is cheap, raw material is renewable, product can
The environmental type desert soil reclamation agent of degradation.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method of the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of desertification soil conditioner based on stalk, for controlling at present
The method of reason desertification soil is at high cost, process is complicated, practical function is poor, and plant is difficult to grow, and seriously constrains desertification soil
Earth greening, farmland realization of goal.
Used technical solution of the invention：A kind of preparation method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk,
It is characterized in that method and step is as follows：
（1）The stalk of acquisition is air-dried to the fineness for being crushed to 100 ~ 200 mesh；100 parts of stalk powders are weighed, are added 200 ~ 300 parts
In the mixing hot solvent of ethylene glycol, 100 ~ 200 parts of ethylene carbonates and 10 ~ 15 parts of concentrated sulfuric acids composition, with agitating device, cold
In the stainless steel cauldron of resistance to strong acid of solidifying reflux unit and temperature control device, at 150 ~ 180 DEG C of reaction temperature, liquefaction 50 ~ 180
Min, obtaining the sticky liquefaction products of one kind is straw polyatomic alcohol, spare through supercooling；
（2）The straw polyatomic alcohol of above-mentioned acquisition and isocyanates are respectively charged into two originals of packaged type polyurethane foaming equipment
It is 1 according to the isocyano molar ratio of straw polyatomic alcohol hydroxyl value and isocyanates in charging basket:1 ratio quickly mixes
For a kind of desertification soil conditioner.
A kind of application method of desertification soil conditioner based on stalk of the present invention, specifically used method are：
（1）Desertification soil conditioner based on stalk is a large amount of in application by packaged type polyurethane foaming equipment high velocity fog
The desertification soil surface of decomposed manure material, while being stirred using rotary agitator spraying upper soll layer is received
It mixes, makes to be chemically crosslinked between straw polyatomic alcohol-organic fertilizer-grains of sand by isocyanic acid ester bond, polymerization forms porous compound group
Kernel structure, the desertification soil conditioner usage amount of desertification land controls between 300-600 kg per acre；
（2）Spray desertification soil conditioner desert land use degree type road roller roll after 48 h, formed thick up to 20
The arable layer of the retain water and nutrients with porous structure of cm.
（3）Then 20 ~ 30 t water of spray irrigation per acre, sprayed again after 48h it is primary, using supporting for 7 d or so
Shield can require to start bunch planting farm-forestry crop according to farming.
The working principle of the invention is：Be sieved after first stalk is pulverized into powder, the stalk powder of acquisition ethylene glycol,
The in the mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, sulfuric acid composition, prepares straw polyatomic alcohol under normal pressure medium temperature condition, by polyurethane foam
Equipment mixes straw polyatomic alcohol and isocyanates high speed, and is quickly sprayed to the desertification soil containing decomposed manure material
In, while being stirred using rotary agitator to spraying soil is received, the soil after stirring is placed in desertification land table
Face forms the arable layer of the thick retain water and nutrients with porous aggregate structure up to 20 cm by slightly rolling.It is prepared by the present invention
Desertification soil conditioner based on stalk solves the characteristic of the dispersion of desertification soil particle, retain water and nutrients difference, effectively increases
The aggregate structure of desertification soil improves its water conservation, water-holding capacity and Nutrient absorption function.Liquefaction of corn straw liquid contains a large amount of life
Biodegradable organic matter, plant nutrient, in addition the organic fertilizer applied in advance, further improves the organic of desertification soil
Matter type and content is conducive to reaching for desertification soil crop plantation landing transformation target.
Advantages of the present invention：（1）The present invention mainly but is not limited only to honest and clean using renewable cheap agricultural-forestry biomass as raw material
Valence is easy the stalk collected, and using the industrial chemicals of green as solvent, is prepared in a mild condition biodegradable based on straw
The desertification soil conditioner of stalk.（2）Desertification soil conditioner prepared by the present invention based on stalk fundamentally solves
The bad adhesion of desertification soil particle, porosity are low, low problem is measured in replacement, simultaneously effective increase soil with organic matter
Classification and its content improve soil nutrient object diversity and content.（3）Desertification soil prepared by the present invention based on stalk
Modifying agent application can promote desertification Zinc fractions aggregate structure, water conservation, the water-holding capacity of soil be effectively increased, to mention
High fertility, alleviates soil drifting, improves the sand prevention ability of desertification soil, enhance Plant Diversity, for development
Desert Agriculture lays the foundation.
Specific embodiment
Case study on implementation 1
A kind of desertification soil conditioner based on rice straw, preparation process and its application method comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The drying rice straw powder of 100 parts of 200 meshes of mistake under Stirring several times be added with agitating device,
In the stainless steel cauldron of temperature control equipment and solvent condensation reflux unit, it is preheating to 120 DEG C of liquefaction of corn straw mixing in advance
In solvent, solvent group becomes：300 parts of ethylene glycol, 100 parts of ethylene carbonates and 15 parts of concentrated sulfuric acids, stirring 2 h of liquefaction, are cooled to
Room temperature obtains liquefaction of corn straw object, is biomass-based polyalcohol.
Step 2：The straw polylol of acquisition and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) are respectively charged into packaged type polyurethane foam
In two Raw material pails of equipment, the isocyano molar ratio according to biomass-based Polyol hydroxyl number and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) is
1:1 ratio, which quickly mixes, becomes a kind of desert soil reclamation agent, and desert soil reclamation agent is foamed by Mobile polyurethane
Equipment high velocity fog is on the desertification soil for applying decomposed organic fertilizer in advance, while using docking in rotary agitator
It is stirred by spraying upper soll layer, biomass-based polyalcohol, organic fertilizer are handed over by isocyanic acid ester bond chemistry between the grains of sand
It is unified into as porous composite aggregate, to form the arable layer of the thick retain water and nutrients with porous structure up to 20 cm, desert per acre
The desert soil reclamation agent usage amount in soil is controlled in 500 kg.
Step 3：Desertification soil after desert soil reclamation agent of the present invention improvement is placed in desertification land surface, passes through
It crosses light-duty road roller and rolls the arable layer to form the thick retain water and nutrients with porous structure up to 20 cm, sprayed per acre after 50 h
22 t of irrigation water is drenched, it is primary using being sprayed again after 48 h, using the maintenance of 7 d or so, can require to start according to farming
Bunch planting sorghum and corn；
Step 4：Sorghum is cultivated on the desertification soil after desert soil reclamation agent of the present invention improvement.Sorghum is come along fine,
Identical crop reduces 50% in irrigation water demand more similar area.The output increased of sorghum 70%.Desertification soil after improvement
There is no change back to original discrete particles due to heavy rain washes away and erodes for earth.The broomcorn straw after harvest is covered on soil every year
Earth surface, and carry out exempting from root technology, the protection and fertilizing for helping to realize desert soil utilize.
Case study on implementation 2
A kind of desertification soil conditioner based on corn stover, preparation process and its application method comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The drying corn stalk powder of 100 parts of 180 meshes of mistake under Stirring several times be added with agitating device,
In the stainless steel cauldron of temperature control equipment and solvent condensation reflux unit, it is preheating to 110 DEG C of liquefaction of corn straw mixing in advance
In solvent, solvent group becomes：260 parts of ethylene glycol, 140 parts of ethylene carbonates and 14 parts of concentrated sulfuric acids, stirring 1.5 h of liquefaction, cooling
To room temperature, corn stover liquefied substance is obtained, is corn straw polyatomic alcohol.
Step 2：The corn straw polyatomic alcohol of acquisition is respectively charged into packaged type with methyl diphenylene diisocyanate to gather
In two Raw material pails of urethane foaming machine, according to the different of biomass-based Polyol hydroxyl number and methyl diphenylene diisocyanate
Cyanate radical molar ratio is 1:1 ratio, which quickly mixes, becomes a kind of desert soil reclamation agent, and desert soil reclamation agent is by shifting
Dynamic formula polyurethane foaming equipment high velocity fog uses rotation on the desertification soil for applying decomposed organic fertilizer in advance
Be stirred in formula blender to receiving spraying upper soll layer, biomass-based polyalcohol, organic fertilizer, between the grains of sand by different
The chemical crosslinking of cyanic acid ester bond becomes porous composite aggregate, to form the thick retain water and nutrients with porous structure up to 22 cm
Arable layer, the desert soil reclamation agent usage amount in desert soil is controlled in 600 kg per acre.
Step 3：Desertification soil after desert soil reclamation agent of the present invention improvement is placed in desertification land surface, passes through
It crosses light-duty road roller and rolls the arable layer to form the thick retain water and nutrients with porous structure up to 22 cm, sprayed per acre after 48 h
23 t of irrigation water is drenched, it is primary using being sprayed again after 48 h, using the maintenance of 7 d or so, can require to start according to farming
Bunch planting corn；
Step 4：In the desertification culturing on soil after desert soil reclamation agent of the present invention improvement.Corn comes along fine, and irrigates
Identical crop reduces 60% in water demand amount more similar area.The output increased of corn 60%.Desertification soil after improvement is simultaneously
Original discrete particles are not changed back to due to heavy rain washes away and erodes.Every year by the maize straw residue mulching after harvest in soil table
Face, and carry out exempting from root technology, the protection and fertilizing for helping to realize desert soil utilize.The ecosystem, while also effectively reaching
The purpose of sand control sand prevention is arrived.
Desertification soil conditioner prepared by the present invention based on stalk solves the dispersion of desertification soil particle, water conservation is protected
The characteristic of fat jobs effectively increases aggregate structure and water conservation, the water-holding capacity and Nutrient absorption function of desertification soil.Liquefaction of corn straw
Liquid object contains a large amount of biodegradable organic matter, plant nutrient, in addition the organic fertilizer applied in advance, improves desertification
The organic matter type and content of soil is conducive to reparation and the efficient agriculture and forestry of development in desertification soil.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk, it is characterised in that method and step is as follows：
（1）The stalk of acquisition is air-dried to the fineness for being crushed to 100 ~ 200 mesh；100 parts of stalk powders are weighed, are added 200 ~ 300 parts
In the mixing hot solvent of ethylene glycol, 100 ~ 200 parts of ethylene carbonates and 10 ~ 15 parts of concentrated sulfuric acids composition, with agitating device, cold
In the stainless steel cauldron of resistance to strong acid of solidifying reflux unit and temperature control device, at 150 ~ 180 DEG C of reaction temperature, liquefaction 50 ~ 180
Min, obtaining the sticky liquefaction products of one kind is straw polyatomic alcohol, spare through supercooling；
（2）The straw polyatomic alcohol of above-mentioned acquisition and isocyanates are respectively charged into two originals of packaged type polyurethane foaming equipment
It is 1 according to the isocyano molar ratio of straw polyatomic alcohol hydroxyl value and isocyanates in charging basket:1 ratio quickly mixes
For a kind of desertification soil conditioner.
2. a kind of application method of desertification soil conditioner based on stalk according to claim 1, specifically used side
Method is：
（1）Desertification soil conditioner based on stalk is a large amount of in application by packaged type polyurethane foaming equipment high velocity fog
The desertification soil surface of decomposed manure material, while being stirred using rotary agitator spraying upper soll layer is received
It mixes, makes to be chemically crosslinked between straw polyatomic alcohol-organic fertilizer-grains of sand by isocyanic acid ester bond, polymerization forms porous compound group
Kernel structure, the desertification soil conditioner usage amount of desertification land controls between 300-600 kg per acre；
（2）Spray desertification soil conditioner desert land use degree type road roller roll after 48 h, formed thick up to 20
The arable layer of the retain water and nutrients with porous structure of cm；
（3）Then 20 ~ 30 t water of spray irrigation per acre, sprayed again after 48h it is primary, using the maintenance of 7 d or so, i.e.,
It can be required to start bunch planting farm-forestry crop according to farming.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810905107.9A CN108893122A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of preparation and its application method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810905107.9A CN108893122A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of preparation and its application method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk |
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| CN108893122A true CN108893122A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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| CN201810905107.9A Pending CN108893122A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of preparation and its application method of the desertification soil conditioner based on stalk |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111903512A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-10 | 江苏富芍生物科技有限公司 | Method for cross breeding of high-yield oil peony in desert area |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101205287A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | Corn straw polyhydric alcohol compound and preparation thereof |
| CN102304213A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing polyurethane from straw fermentation residua through polyatomic alcohol liquefaction |
| CN102417574A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 江苏瑞丰科技实业有限公司 | Biodegradable waterborne polyurethane sand fixing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106554782A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-05 | 中国农业大学 | Sand is promoted to form the soil conditioner and its using method of crumb structure |
-
2018
- 2018-08-09 CN CN201810905107.9A patent/CN108893122A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101205287A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院广州化学研究所 | Corn straw polyhydric alcohol compound and preparation thereof |
| CN102304213A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-04 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for preparing polyurethane from straw fermentation residua through polyatomic alcohol liquefaction |
| CN102417574A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-18 | 江苏瑞丰科技实业有限公司 | Biodegradable waterborne polyurethane sand fixing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106554782A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-05 | 中国农业大学 | Sand is promoted to form the soil conditioner and its using method of crumb structure |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李文斌等: "《林业工程研究进展》", 31 May 2005, 中国环境科学出版社 * |
| 袁红萍: "《纺织精细化学品》", 31 May 2012, 华东大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111903512A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-11-10 | 江苏富芍生物科技有限公司 | Method for cross breeding of high-yield oil peony in desert area |
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Application publication date: 20181127 |
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