CN108886840B - Ceramic heater - Google Patents
Ceramic heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN108886840B CN108886840B CN201680084342.3A CN201680084342A CN108886840B CN 108886840 B CN108886840 B CN 108886840B CN 201680084342 A CN201680084342 A CN 201680084342A CN 108886840 B CN108886840 B CN 108886840B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/004—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using zigzag layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a ceramic heater capable of improving reliability by preventing insulation damage generated in heater wiring. The ceramic heater of the present invention includes a ceramic sheet (19) wound around the outer periphery of a support body (17) and having a heater wiring (41) built therein. The heater wiring (41) has wiring sections (44) extending in the axial direction of the support body (17) and connecting sections connecting adjacent wiring sections (44) to each other. When the thickness from the surface (46) of the heater wiring (41) to the outer peripheral surface (47) of the ceramic sheet (19) is t, the voltage applied to the heater wiring (41) is V, the distance from the end edge of the heater wiring (41) to the end surface (48) of the ceramic sheet (19) is w, and the distance between a pair of wiring sections (44) disposed on opposite sides of each other across the winding section (20) is L, the relationship of t ≧ 0.2mm is satisfied, and at least one of the relationships of L/V ≧ 9/500 and w/V ≧ 3/500 is satisfied.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a ceramic heater used for, for example, a warm water washing toilet, a warm air blower, an electric water heater, a 24-hour bathtub, a soldering iron, a hair iron, and the like, and more particularly, to a ceramic heater having a structure in which a ceramic sheet having a heater wiring built therein is wound around the outer periphery of a support body.
Background
In general, a heat exchange unit having a resin container (heat exchanger) is used in a warm water washing toilet. A cylindrical ceramic heater is attached to the heat exchange unit to heat the washing water stored in the heat exchanger.
As such a ceramic heater, a ceramic heater is known which is configured by winding a ceramic sheet on which heater wiring is printed on a cylindrical ceramic support body and integrally sintering the ceramic sheet (for example, see patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 3038039 (FIG. 1, etc.)
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In addition, since the ceramic heater for warm water washing the toilet bowl is always in water, it is hardly energized and heated in a dry state. On the other hand, when water is cut off or a pipe fails, electricity may be supplied and heated in a dry state. However, when the ceramic sheet is heated in a dry state, a potential difference is generated between a pair of heater wirings located on opposite sides of the wound portion of the ceramic sheet, and a glass component present in the ceramic sheet near the heater wiring that generates heat may be melted. In this case, since electrons are easily moved, a partial discharge occurs between a pair of heater wirings located on opposite sides to each other with the winding portion interposed therebetween, and insulation breakdown occurs. Further, there is a problem that the ceramic heater is broken because the ceramic component present in the ceramic sheet is also melted by the spark generated at the time of the partial discharge.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a ceramic heater capable of improving reliability by preventing dielectric breakdown from occurring in heater wiring.
Means for solving the problems
Further, as a means (means 1) for solving the above-mentioned problems, there is a ceramic heater comprising a support body made of ceramic and a ceramic sheet wound around an outer periphery of the support body and having a heater wiring built therein, wherein the heater wiring has a plurality of wiring portions extending in an axial direction of the support body and a connecting portion connecting the adjacent wiring portions to each other, and when a thickness from a surface of the heater wiring to an outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet in the ceramic sheet is t (mm), a voltage applied to the heater wiring is v (v), a distance from an end edge of the heater wiring to an end surface of the ceramic sheet at a rolled portion of the ceramic sheet is w (mm), and a distance between a pair of the wiring portions disposed on opposite sides to each other across the rolled portion is l (mm), satisfies t.gtoreq.0.2 mm and at least one of L/V.gtoreq. 9/500 and w/V.gtoreq. 3/500.
Therefore, according to the invention described in claim 1, the dielectric breakdown strength can be improved by satisfying the relationship of t ≥ 0.2mm and at least one of the relationships of L/V ≥ 9/500 and w/V ≥ 3/500. As a result, the melting of the glass component present in the ceramic sheet near the crimping portion can be prevented, and therefore, the dielectric breakdown between the pair of heater wirings located on the opposite sides of the crimping portion can be prevented, and the breakage of the ceramic heater can be prevented. Therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater can be improved.
Further, it is preferable that the ceramic heater satisfies at least one of the relationships t/V.gtoreq. 1/500 and w/t.gtoreq.3. Preferably, the winding portion has a slit extending in the axial direction of the support body and exposing the outer peripheral surface of the support body, and the slit width satisfies a relationship of 0.2. ltoreq. L-2 w. ltoreq.1.5 when the slit width is a value derived from the expression L-2 w. As described above, the dielectric breakdown strength can be more reliably increased, and therefore, dielectric breakdown between a pair of heater wirings located on opposite sides of each other across the rolled portion can be reliably prevented, and breakage of the ceramic heater can be reliably prevented. Therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater can be further improved.
The ceramic heater includes a ceramic support and a ceramic sheet wound around the outer periphery of the support. Examples of ceramics used for forming the support and the ceramic sheet include alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, zirconia, titania, mullite, and the like. In particular, the support body and the ceramic sheet are preferably made of alumina. Thus, a ceramic heater excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and strength can be produced at low cost. Further, the ceramic sheet has a heating element (heater wiring) made of, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, or the like. In addition, it is preferable that the heater wiring contains at least one of tungsten and molybdenum as a main component. In this way, the heater wiring can be reliably brought into close contact with the ceramic sheet, and therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater can be further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a ceramic heater according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the ceramic heater.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory view showing the ceramic sheet expanded.
Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (d) are explanatory views showing a method for manufacturing the ceramic heater.
Fig. 6 is an explanatory view showing a method of manufacturing a ceramic heater according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a ceramic heater and a method for manufacturing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment is used to heat wash water in a heat exchanger of a heat exchange unit of a warm water washing toilet, for example.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ceramic heater 11 includes a cylindrical ceramic heater body 13 and a metal annular flange 15 fitted around the heater body 13. The flange 15 is an annular member formed by bending a metal plate such as stainless steel, and has a concave shape (cup shape) at its central portion.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface 14 of the heater main body 13 and the inner surface of the flange 15 in the concave portion of the flange 15 serves as a glass reservoir 35. The glass reservoir 35 is filled with glass 33, and the heater main body 13 and the flange 15 are fixed by fusion bonding via the glass 33. In fig. 2, a portion of the glass 33 is shaded.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heater main body 13 is composed of a cylindrical ceramic support body 17 and a ceramic sheet 19 wound around the outer periphery of the support body 17. In the present embodiment, the support 17 and the ceramic sheet 19 are made of alumina (Al)2O3) Etc. of ceramics. The thermal expansion coefficient of the alumina is 50 multiplied by 10-7/K～90×10-7In the range of/K, 70X 10 in the present embodiment-7K (30 ℃ -380 ℃). In the present embodiment, the support 17 has an outer diameter of 12mm, an inner diameter of 8mm, and a length of 65mm, and the ceramic sheet 19 has a thickness of 0.5mm and a length of 60 mm. The ceramic sheet 19 does not completely cover the outer periphery of the support body 17. Therefore, slits 21 are formed in the rolled portion 20 of the ceramic sheet 19, and the slits 21 extend in the axial direction of the support body 17 and expose the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support body 17.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the ceramic sheet 19 incorporates a heater wiring 41 having a meandering pattern and a pair of internal terminals 42. In the present embodiment, the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminal 42 contain tungsten (W) as a main component. Each inner terminal 42 is electrically connected to an outer terminal 43 (see fig. 1) formed on the outer peripheral surface of ceramic sheet 19 via a conductive conductor (not shown) or the like.
Further, the heater wiring 41 has a plurality of wiring portions 44 extending in the axial direction of the support body 17 and a connecting portion 45 connecting adjacent wiring portions 44 to each other. When the ceramic sheet 19 is viewed in the thickness direction, a pair of wiring portions 44 located at both ends are disposed on opposite sides of the wound portion 20 (see fig. 3) of the ceramic sheet 19, the 1 st ends (upper ends in fig. 4) of the pair of wiring portions 44 are connected to the internal terminals 42, and the 2 nd ends (lower ends in fig. 4) of the pair of wiring portions 44 are connected to the 2 nd ends of the adjacent wiring portions 44 via the connection portions 45. When the ceramic sheet 19 is viewed in the thickness direction, the 1 st end of the wiring portion 44 located between the pair of wiring portions 44 is connected to the 1 st end of the adjacent wiring portion 44 via the connecting portion 45, and the 2 nd end of the wiring portion 44 is connected to the 2 nd end of the adjacent wiring portion 44 via the connecting portion 45.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the wiring portion 44 of the present embodiment has a line width W1 of 0.60mm and a thickness of 15 μm. Similarly, the line width W2 of the connection portion 45 of the present embodiment is also set to 0.60mm, and the thickness is also set to 15 μm. That is, the line width W1 of the wiring portion 44 is the same as the line width W2 of the connection portion 45. Since the wiring portion 44 has the same thickness as the connecting portion 45, the cross-sectional area of the wiring portion 44 is the same as the cross-sectional area of the connecting portion 45.
As shown in fig. 3, in ceramic sheet 19, thickness t from surface 46 of wiring portion 44 (heater wiring 41) to outer peripheral surface 47 of ceramic sheet 19 is 0.2 mm. In the rolled portion 20, the distance w from the end edge of the wiring portion 44 (heater wiring 41) to the end surface 48 of the ceramic sheet 19 is 0.7 mm. Here, the "distance w" refers to a length along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical support body 17. The distance L between the pair of wiring portions 44 disposed on the opposite sides of the winding portion 20 is 2.4 mm. Here, the "distance L" refers to the length of a straight line connecting the edges of the pair of wiring portions 44. The width of the slit 21 formed in the wrapping portion 20 is derived from the expression L-2 w, and is 1mm in the present embodiment.
Next, a method for manufacturing the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment is explained.
First, a clay-like slurry containing alumina as a main component is fed into a conventionally known extruder (not shown) to mold a cylindrical member. Then, the molded cylindrical member is dried and then pre-sintered by heating to a predetermined temperature (for example, about 1000 ℃) to obtain the support body 17 (see fig. 5 (a)).
Further, the 1 st ceramic green sheet 51 and the 2 nd ceramic green sheet 52 to be the ceramic sheet 19 are formed using a ceramic material containing alumina powder as a main component. As a method for forming the ceramic green sheet, a known forming method such as a doctor blade method can be used. Then, a conductive paste (in the present embodiment, a tungsten paste) is printed on the surface of the 1 st ceramic green sheet 51 using a conventionally known paste printing apparatus (not shown). As a result, the green electrodes 53 to be the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminal 42 are formed on the surface of the 1 st ceramic green sheet 51 (see fig. 5 (b)). The position of the green electrode 53 is adjusted to a position obtained by adding the shrinkage amount during sintering to the position of the heater wiring 41, for example.
Then, after the conductive paste is dried, the 2 nd ceramic green sheet 52 is laminated on the printing surface (surface on which the green electrode 53 is formed) of the 1 st ceramic green sheet 51, and a pressing force is applied in the sheet lamination direction. As a result, the ceramic green sheets 51 and 52 are integrated to form a green sheet laminate 54 (see fig. 5 (c)). The thickness of the 2 nd ceramic green sheet 52 is adjusted to a value obtained by adding the shrinkage during sintering to the thickness t from the outer wiring portion 46 of the heater wiring 41 to the outer peripheral surface 47 of the ceramic sheet 19, for example. Then, a conductive paste is printed on the surface of the 2 nd ceramic green sheet 52 using a paste printing apparatus. As a result, the green electrode 55 to be the external terminal 43 is formed on the surface of the 2 nd ceramic green sheet 52.
Next, a ceramic paste (alumina paste) is applied to one side of the green sheet laminate 54, and the green sheet laminate 54 is wound around and bonded to the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support 17 (see fig. 5 d). At this time, the size of the green sheet laminate 54 is adjusted so that the end portions of the green sheet laminate 54 do not overlap each other. Next, after a drying step, a degreasing step, and the like are performed according to a known method, the green sheet laminate 54 (the ceramic green sheets 51, 52, the green electrodes 53, and 55) is sintered while being heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, about 1400 to 1600 ℃) at which alumina and tungsten can be sintered. As a result, alumina in the ceramic green sheets 51 and 52 and tungsten in the conductive paste are simultaneously sintered, the green sheet laminate 54 becomes the ceramic sheet 19, the green electrodes 53 become the heater wiring 41 and the internal terminals 42, and the green electrodes 55 become the external terminals 43. Then, the external terminal 43 is plated with nickel to obtain the heater main body 13.
Next, a plate material made of stainless steel was press-formed by a die to form the cup-shaped flange 15. Then, the flange 15 is externally fitted to a predetermined mounting position of the heater main body 13. Then, the heater main body 13 and the flange 15 are fusion-bonded and fixed via the glass 33, and the ceramic heater 11 is completed.
< Experimental example >
Hereinafter, experimental examples performed to evaluate the performance of the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment will be described.
First, a sample for measurement was prepared as follows. As sample a, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t (see fig. 3) from the surface of the heater wiring (wiring portion) to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet was 0.18mm, the distance w (see fig. 3) from the end edge of the heater wiring (wiring portion) to the end surface of the ceramic sheet was 0.6mm, the distance L (see fig. 3) between a pair of wiring portions disposed on opposite sides to each other across the rolled portion was 1.4mm, and the width L-2 w of the slit formed in the rolled portion was 0.2 mm. Further, as sample B, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.18mm, the distance w is 1mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 1 mm. As sample C, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.2mm, the distance w is 0.5mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 2 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared and used as sample D: the thickness t is 0.2mm, the distance w is 0.7mm, the distance L is 1.6mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.2 mm. A ceramic heater similar to the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment, that is, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared as a sample E: the thickness t is 0.2mm, the distance w is 0.7mm, the distance L is 2.4mm, and the width L-2 w is 1 mm. As sample F, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.2mm, the distance w is 1mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 1 mm. As sample G, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.3mm, the distance w is 1mm, the distance L is 2.4mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.4 mm. As sample H, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.3mm, the distance w is 1mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 1 mm. As sample I, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.4mm, the distance w is 1.3mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.4 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared and used as sample J: the thickness t is 0.4mm, the distance w is 1.3mm, the distance L is 3.8mm, and the width L-2 w is 1.2 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared and used as sample K: the thickness t is 0.4mm, the distance w is 1.5mm, the distance L is 4.5mm, and the width L-2 w is 1.5 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared as a sample L: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.3mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.4 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared as a sample M, that is: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.5mm, the distance L is 3.8mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.8 mm. As sample N, the following ceramic heater was prepared: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.3mm, the distance L is 3mm, and the width L-2 w is 0.4 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared and used as a sample O: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.5mm, the distance L is 4.3mm, and the width L-2 w is 1.3 mm. As sample P, a ceramic heater as follows was prepared: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.5mm, the distance L is 4.3mm, and the width L-2 w is 1.3 mm. A ceramic heater as follows was prepared as a sample Q: the thickness t is 0.5mm, the distance w is 1.5mm, the distance L is 4.5mm, and the width L-2 w is 1.5 mm. In addition, 10 samples a to Q were prepared.
Next, nichrome wires were welded to a pair of internal terminals (heater wires) of the ceramic sheets of the respective measurement samples (sample a to sample Q), and the respective measurement samples were set on the base in a dry state. Then, a voltage V (one of 100V, 140V, 200V, and 240V) was applied between a pair of internal terminals for 6 minutes, and the surface temperature of the ceramic sheet was measured by a thermal camera. Specifically, a voltage of 100V ac was applied to samples a to E, a voltage of 140V ac was applied to samples F to H, L and M, a voltage of 200V ac was applied to sample I, J, P, and a voltage of 240V ac was applied to sample K, N, O, Q. Further, for each of samples A to Q, values of t/V, w/t and L/V, w/V were calculated. Then, whether or not dielectric breakdown occurred between a pair of wiring portions located on opposite sides of the winding portion was observed, and when dielectric breakdown occurred, the occurrence time thereof was measured and recorded. Then, of the samples a to Q, samples having an occurrence rate of dielectric breakdown of 60% or more (i.e., 6 or more out of 10 samples having dielectric breakdown) were judged as "x", samples having an occurrence rate of dielectric breakdown of 30% to 50% (i.e., 3 to 5 out of 10 samples having dielectric breakdown) were judged as "Δ", samples having an occurrence rate of dielectric breakdown of 10% to 20% (i.e., 1 or two out of 10 samples having dielectric breakdown) were judged as "o", and samples having an occurrence rate of dielectric breakdown of 0% (i.e., 10 samples having no dielectric breakdown) were judged as "x". The above results are shown in table 1.
(Table 1)
As a result, it was confirmed that in sample A, B having a thickness t of less than 0.2mm, the occurrence rate of dielectric breakdown was 60% or more, and thus it was judged to be "x". In addition, it was confirmed that the incidence of dielectric breakdown was 60% or more in sample N having a thickness t of 0.2mm or more, an L/V of less than 9/500, and a w/V of less than 3/500. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the incidence of dielectric breakdown was 50% or less in samples C to M and samples O to Q, in which the thickness t was 0.2mm or more and the L/V was 9/500 or more or the w/V was 3/500 or more. Further, it was confirmed that the incidence of dielectric breakdown was 20% or less in samples D, E, G to J, M, O to Q, in which t/V was 1/500 or more and w/t was 3 or more, among samples C to M and samples O to Q. In particular, it was confirmed that dielectric breakdown did not occur in sample E, H, J, M, P, Q in which L/V was 9/500 or more and w/V was 3/500 or more among samples D, E, G to J, M, O to Q.
As is evident from the above description, if the relationships of t.gtoreq.0.2 mm, L/V.gtoreq. 9/500, w/V.gtoreq. 3/500, t/V.gtoreq. 1/500, and w/t.gtoreq.3 are satisfied at the same time, the occurrence of dielectric breakdown can be prevented.
Therefore, the present embodiment can provide the following effects.
(1) In the ceramic heater 11 of the present embodiment, since the thickness t is 0.2mm, the distance w is 0.7mm, the distance L is 2.4mm, and the voltage is 100V, the relationship of t ≧ 0.2mm and the relationships of L/V ≧ 9/500 and w/V ≧ 3/500 are satisfied, and the dielectric breakdown strength can be improved. As a result, the melting of the glass component present in the ceramic sheet 19 near the rolled portion 20 can be prevented, and therefore, the dielectric breakdown between the pair of wiring portions 44 located on the opposite sides to each other across the rolled portion 20 can be prevented, and the breakage of the ceramic heater 11 can be prevented. Therefore, the reliability of the ceramic heater 11 can be improved.
(2) In the present embodiment, the pair of internal terminals 42 formed in the ceramic sheet 19 are arranged inside the pair of wiring portions 44 located on the opposite sides of the lap portion 20 of the ceramic sheet 19 (see fig. 4). Therefore, when the ceramic sheet 19 is wound around the outer periphery of the support body 17, the two inner terminals 42 are located on opposite sides to each other in the radial direction of the support body 17. As a result, the distance between the two internal terminals 42 is increased, and thus, it is possible to prevent the discharge from occurring between the two internal terminals 42.
The present embodiment may be modified as follows.
In the above embodiment, the ceramic paste is applied to one side surface of the green sheet laminate 54, and the green sheet laminate 54 is wound around and bonded to the outer peripheral surface 18 of the support 17, but as shown in fig. 6, an end surface of the green sheet laminate 62 serving as a ceramic sheet and an outer peripheral surface 64 of the support 63 may be covered with a part of the ceramic paste 61. In this case, the distance w is also the length from the edge of the heater wiring (green electrode 65) to the end face of the ceramic sheet (green sheet laminate 62).
… in the above embodiment, the support 17 of the ceramic heater 11 has a cylindrical shape, but the support may have a rod shape. That is, the ceramic heater may also be used for an apparatus (e.g., a heater unit, etc.) different from the warm water washing toilet stool.
In the ceramic heater 11 of the above embodiment, the ac voltage is applied between the pair of internal terminals 42, but the dc voltage may be applied between the pair of internal terminals 42.
Next, in addition to the technical ideas described in the claims, technical ideas grasped by the embodiments described below are listed.
(1) A ceramic heater comprising a ceramic support and a ceramic sheet wound around an outer periphery of the support and having a heater wiring built therein, wherein the heater wiring has a plurality of wiring portions extending in an axial direction of the support and a connecting portion connecting the adjacent wiring portions to each other, and wherein when a thickness from a surface of the heater wiring to an outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet in the ceramic sheet is represented by t (mm), a voltage applied to the heater wiring is represented by V (V), a distance from an end edge of the heater wiring to an end surface of the ceramic sheet at a wound portion of the ceramic sheet is represented by w (mm), and a distance between a pair of the wiring portions disposed on opposite sides of each other across the wound portion is represented by L (mm), satisfies the relationship of t ≥ 0.2mm, at least one of the relationships of L/V ≥ 9/500 and w/V ≥ 3/500, and the relationships of t/V ≥ 1/500 and w/t ≥ 3.
(2) The ceramic heater according to claim 1, wherein the line width of the wiring portion is the same as the line width of the connecting portion.
Description of the reference numerals
11. A ceramic heater; 17. 63, a support body; 18. 64, an outer peripheral surface of the support body; 19. a ceramic plate; 20. a rolling-up part; 21. a slit; 41. a heater wiring; 44. a wiring section; 45. a connecting portion; 46. a surface of the heater wiring; 47. the peripheral surface of the ceramic plate; 48. the end face of the ceramic plate; l, a distance between a pair of wiring portions disposed on opposite sides across the rolling portion; t, the thickness from the surface of the heater wiring to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic plate; v, voltage; w, a distance from an end edge of the heater wiring to an end surface of the ceramic sheet.
Claims (5)
1. A ceramic heater comprising a support body made of ceramic and a ceramic sheet wound around the outer periphery of the support body and having heater wiring built therein,
the heater wiring has a plurality of wiring portions extending in an axial direction of the support body and a connecting portion connecting the adjacent wiring portions to each other,
when the thickness of the ceramic sheet from the surface of the heater wiring to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic sheet is t, the voltage applied to the heater wiring is V, the distance from the end edge of the heater wiring to the end surface of the ceramic sheet at the winding part of the ceramic sheet is w, and the distance between a pair of wiring parts disposed on the opposite sides of each other across the winding part is L, the relation of t being not less than 0.2mm is satisfied, and at least one of the relations of 15/500 not less than L/V not less than 9/500 and 5.36/500 not less than w/V not less than 3/500 is satisfied,
the voltage V has a unit of volts (V), and the thickness t, the distance w, and the distance L each have a unit of millimeters (mm).
2. The ceramic heater of claim 1,
at least one of the relationships 1.79/500. gtoreq.t/V. gtoreq. 1/500 and 5. gtoreq.w/t. gtoreq.3 is satisfied.
3. Ceramic heater according to claim 1 or 2,
a slit extending in the axial direction of the support body and exposing the outer peripheral surface of the support body is formed in the winding portion,
when the width of the slit is a value derived from the expression L-2 w, a relationship of 0.2. ltoreq. L-2 w. ltoreq.1.5 is satisfied.
4. The ceramic heater of claim 1,
the support body and the ceramic sheet are made of alumina.
5. The ceramic heater of claim 1,
the heater wiring contains at least one of tungsten and molybdenum as a main component.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016-068115 | 2016-03-30 | ||
| JP2016068115A JP6604884B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Ceramic heater |
| PCT/JP2016/088805 WO2017168896A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | Ceramic heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108886840A CN108886840A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108886840B true CN108886840B (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201680084342.3A Active CN108886840B (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-12-27 | Ceramic heater |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3439428A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6604884B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102136520B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108886840B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017168896A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7013288B2 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2022-01-31 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic heater |
| JP7453123B2 (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2024-03-19 | 京セラ株式会社 | Heater and heater manufacturing method |
| CN113225857B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏天宝陶瓷股份有限公司 | Far infrared ceramic heater of adjustable bore |
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- 2016-12-27 CN CN201680084342.3A patent/CN108886840B/en active Active
- 2016-12-27 KR KR1020187024530A patent/KR102136520B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-12-27 EP EP16897111.7A patent/EP3439428A4/en active Pending
- 2016-12-27 WO PCT/JP2016/088805 patent/WO2017168896A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102136520B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
| KR20180124029A (en) | 2018-11-20 |
| EP3439428A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
| WO2017168896A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
| EP3439428A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
| JP6604884B2 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
| JP2017183070A (en) | 2017-10-05 |
| CN108886840A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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Application publication date: 20181123 Assignee: CHANGZHOU LAMBDA CERAMIC INDUSTRY CO.,LTD. Assignor: NGK SPARK PLUG Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023990000974 Denomination of invention: Ceramic Heater Granted publication date: 20210507 License type: Common License Record date: 20231219 |
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