CN108884627A - 导电性丝 - Google Patents

导电性丝 Download PDF

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CN108884627A
CN108884627A CN201680083899.5A CN201680083899A CN108884627A CN 108884627 A CN108884627 A CN 108884627A CN 201680083899 A CN201680083899 A CN 201680083899A CN 108884627 A CN108884627 A CN 108884627A
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conductive
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metal
conductive filament
conductive part
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蜂矢雅明
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Chakyu Dyeing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供与以往相比可降低电阻的导电性丝(1)。导电性丝(1)具有多根单丝(2)和覆盖各单丝(2)的表面的导电部(3)。导电部(3)包含：含有碳纳米管的碳系材料、粘合剂、和金属。导电部(3)的构成为：具备碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构，且金属散布在该网状结构中。导电部(3)还可以含有Al2O3。

Description

导电性丝
技术领域
本发明涉及导电性丝。
背景技术
以往，含有导电性纤维的导电性丝是众所周知的，所述导电性纤维由合成丝和导电层构成，所述导电层覆盖该合成丝的表面，且含有碳纳米管、粘合剂和表面活性剂(专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：专利第5557992号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
但是，在专利文献1的导电性丝中，即使是电阻低的导电性丝，也有280Ω/cm。因此，对于以往的导电性丝来说，具有轻量且耐弯曲性的优点的导电性丝的电阻却高，难以用作铜线等金属线的替代等。即，由于以往的导电性丝的电阻高，因此，其用途受到限制。
本发明正是鉴于上述背景而完成的，为了提供与以往相比可降低电阻的导电性丝。
解决课题的手段
本发明的一方式是导电性丝，其具有多根单丝、和覆盖上述各单丝的表面的导电部，
上述导电部
包含含有碳纳米管的碳系材料、粘合剂、和金属，
具备上述碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构，
上述金属散布在上述网状结构中。
发明效果
上述导电性丝中，导电部含有碳系材料、粘合剂和金属。因此，通过碳系材料与金属的协同效果，导电部的导电性大幅提高。因此，上述导电性丝与以往相比，可大幅降低电阻。特别是，在上述导电性丝中，碳系材料含有碳纳米管，导电部具备碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构，金属散布在该网状结构中。因此，上述导电性丝能够可靠地实现导电部的低电阻化。虽然还未知悉详情，但推测这是因为：通过使具有高的导电性的金属在碳纳米管的网状结构中遍布在各处，不易发生电压下降等。因此，上述导电性丝可应用于要求轻量化、耐弯曲性、低电阻的各种用途。
附图说明
[图1]是示意性地示出实施例1的导电性丝的截面的图。
[图2]是示出实验例1中的试样1的导电性丝的表面的扫描型电子显微镜(SEM)像。
[图3]是放大示出实验例1中的试样1的导电性丝的表面的SEM像。
[图4]是在与图3相同的视野中的SEM-荧光X射线分析(EDX)的结果
具体实施方式
上述导电性丝中，单丝例如可由合成纤维、天然纤维等构成。从轻量性、耐弯曲性、强度等的观点考虑，单丝优选可由合成纤维构成。作为用于合成纤维的树脂，例如可例示聚酯系树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚烯烃系树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、聚氨酯系树脂等。予以说明，上述导电性丝中，单丝可由1种或2种以上构成。
上述导电性丝中，导电部不仅覆盖位于上述导电性丝的表面的单丝，还覆盖位于上述导电性丝的内部的单丝的表面。因此，导电部将相邻的各单丝之间一体化粘合。
在此，导电部含有碳系材料、粘合剂和金属。
作为碳系材料，例如可例示碳纳米管、石墨烯等。从导电性、网状结构的形成性等的观点考虑，碳系材料至少含有碳纳米管。优选地，作为碳系材料，可以使用碳纳米管、或者碳纳米管和石墨烯两者。予以说明，碳纳米管可具有单壁型、多壁型的任一种结构。
粘合剂具有抑制碳系材料、金属的脱落，提高碳系材料和金属与单丝之间的密合性的作用等。
作为粘合剂，具体地，例如可例示聚酯系树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚烯烃系树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、环氧系树脂、聚氨酯系树脂等。它们可以使用1种或并用2种以上。
金属(包括合金，下同)通过与碳系材料并用，具有促进导电部的低电阻化的作用。金属具体地可具有粒状的形态。
作为金属，具体地，例如可例示Ag、Sn、Cu、Al、Zn、Fe、Ni、Co、Mg、Ti、Au、Pt族、以及它们的合金等。它们可以使用1种或并用2种以上。根据上述金属，能够可靠地实现导电部的低电阻化。上述金属中，优选为Ag、Sn、Cu、Al、Zn以及它们的合金等。上述金属中，从能够更可靠地实现导电部的低电阻化等的观点考虑，可含有Ag和Ag合金的至少一种，可更优选地为Ag和Ag合金的至少一种。予以说明，金属既可以从导电部的表面露出，也可以不露出导电部的表面。在金属被粘合剂覆盖的情况下，能够提高导电性丝的耐腐蚀性。
导电部可以含有Al2O3。在这种情况下，可以减少金属的含量，同时实现导电部的低电阻化。因此，在这种情况下，能够抑制Ag、Ag合金等稀有金属的使用，有利于导电性丝的低成本化。Al2O3可在其表面上具有Ag等的上述金属层。
导电部的构成具体地可为：相对于该导电部100质量份，含有金属30～100质量份。在这种情况下，能够更可靠地实现导电部的低电阻化。从促进导电部的低电阻化等的观点考虑，相对于导电部100质量份，上述金属的含量优选为35质量份以上，更优选为37质量份以上，进一步优选为40质量份以上。从上述导电性丝的轻量化等的观点考虑，上述金属的含量优选为95质量份以下，更优选为90质量份以下，进一步优选为85质量份以下。予以说明，关于导电部中含有的金属的含量，可通过使用微波热解装置将导电性丝的样品酸解，使用ICP发光分光分析装置(高频电感耦合等离子体发光分光分析装置)测定得到的溶液。
上述导电性丝的电阻可以为30Ω/cm以下。在这种情况下，金属线的更换、与金属线的并用等变得容易，对各种用途的适用性提高。
从提高导电性的观点考虑，电阻可优选为25Ω/cm以下、更优选为20Ω/cm以下、进一步优选为15Ω/cm以下、更进一步优选为10Ω/cm以下。予以说明，从导电性的观点考虑，电阻越低越好，因此电阻的下限没有特殊限制。
电阻为在20℃、30％RH的恒温恒湿环境下，对长度10cm的导电性丝的样品10根，分别施加1000V的电压，求出测定的各电阻值的平均值。
上述导电性丝例如可用于电线的导体。导体既可以由1根上述导电性丝构成，也可以由多根上述导电性丝捻合而构成。电线的构成具体地可为包括：具有上述导电性丝的导体、和覆盖导体外周的绝缘体。具有上述导电性丝的电线的质量轻且具有耐弯曲性，也可以降低电阻。因此，上述电线例如可适用于机器人手臂的信号线、耳机线、可穿戴设备的信号线等各种用途。
予以说明，上述的各构成可根据需要任意组合，以获得上述的各作用效果等。
实施例
以下，对实施例的导电性丝，使用附图说明。
(实施例1)
关于实施例1的导电性丝，使用图1说明。如图1所示，本例的导电性丝1具有多根单丝2和覆盖各单丝2的表面的导电部3。导电部3含有碳系材料、粘合剂和金属。
本例中，碳系材料含有碳纳米管。导电部3具备碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构。而且，金属散布在该网状结构中。金属为Ag和Ag合金的至少一种。予以说明，各单丝2由合成树脂构成。另外，粘合剂由合成树脂构成。
<实验例>
以下，使用实验例更具体地说明上述导电性丝。
-材料准备-
作为原丝，准备聚酯系复丝(150d-48f-1)。予以说明，复丝由多根单丝构成。
准备含有多壁型的碳纳米管(CNT)5质量％、银20.2质量％、Al2O319.2质量％、分散剂、表面活性剂、和水的含金属CNT水性分散液<1>(ParkerCorporation公司制)。
准备含有多壁型的碳纳米管(CNT)5质量％、银21.8质量％、Al2O319.2质量％、分散剂、表面活性剂、和水的含金属CNT水性分散液<2>(ParkerCorporation公司制)。予以说明，这些含金属CNT水性分散液<1>和<2>可以与银和银的水溶性化合物并用。
准备含有多壁型的碳纳米管(CNT)5质量％、分散剂、表面活性剂、和水的CNT水性分散液<1C>(Parker Corporation公司制)。
作为粘合剂，准备聚氨酯系树脂(日华化学社制，“エバファノールHA1107C”)。
接着，通过混合含金属CNT水性分散液<1>100质量份和粘合剂10质量份，制备丝处理液<1>。同样地，通过混合含金属CNT水性分散液<2>100质量份和粘合剂10质量份，制备丝处理液<2>。另外，通过混合CNT水性分散液<1C>100质量份和粘合剂10质量份，制备丝处理液<1C>。
-导电性丝的制作-
准备具有使辊的下部浸渍于规定的丝处理液中的大径辊和通过旋转大径辊而旋转的小径辊的丝处理装置。接着，使大径辊旋转，使用振动器微振动小径辊，同时使原丝通过大径辊与小径辊之间，在170℃下干燥丝处理液2分钟。
上述丝处理中，通过使用丝处理液<1>，得到试样1的导电性丝。另外，通过使用丝处理液<2>，得到试样2的导电性丝。另外，通过使用丝处理液<1C>，得到试样1C的导电性丝。予以说明，对于试样1、试样2、和试样1C的导电性丝的任一种，不仅位于复丝的表面的单丝、而且位于复丝内部的单丝的表面均被由各丝处理液形成的导电部覆盖。
-SEM-荧光X射线分析(EDX)-
用扫描型电子显微镜(SEM)观察各导电性丝的表面。另外，并用SEM-荧光X射线分析(EDX)来实施。在图2～图4中，示出了试样1的导电性丝的观察结果。如图2～图4所示可确认，试样1的导电性丝的导电部3具备碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构31，具有金属32散布在该网状结构31中的微结构。予以说明，试样2的导电性丝也得到了与试样1的导电性丝同样的结果。
另一方面，虽然未图示，但试样1C的导电性丝在丝处理液中不含金属，因此，导电部不具有金属散布在碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构中的微结构。
-ICP发光分光分析-
使用微波热解装置酸解导电性丝的样品，适当稀释得到的溶液，使用ICP发光分光分析装置进行测定，由此测定导电部中的Ag含量、Al2O3含量。其结果，试样1的导电性丝相对于导电部100质量份，含有29.1质量份的Ag、14.5质量份的Al2O3。另外，试样2的导电性丝相对于导电部100质量份，含有31.3质量份的Ag、15.6质量份的Al2O3。
-电阻的测定-
在20℃、30％RH的恒温恒湿环境下，对10cm长的各导电性丝的样品10根，分别施加1000V的电压，求出测定的各电阻值的平均值，由此计算出各导电性丝的电阻。其结果，试样1的导电性丝的电阻为10Ω/cm。试样2的导电性丝的电阻为3Ω/cm。试样1C的导电性丝的电阻为900Ω/cm。
<考察>
由上述结果可知如下事实。试样1C的导电性丝的导电部虽然含有碳纳米管作为碳系材料，但不含金属。因此，试样1C的导电性丝的电阻极大，为900Ω/cm。因此，试样1C的导电性丝可以说是难以用作金属线的替代品等。
与此相比，试样1、试样2的导电性丝的导电部含有碳系材料、粘合剂、和金属。因此，通过碳系材料与金属的协同效果，导电部的导电性大幅提高。因此可以确认，试样1、试样2的导电性丝，与试样1C的导电性丝相比，能够大幅降低电阻。因此可以说，如果将试样1、试样2的导电性丝例如用于电线的导体，则能够得到质量轻、耐弯曲性优异、且低电阻的电线。
另外，在试样1、试样2的导电性丝中，导电部具备碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构，且金属散布在该网状结构中。可以确认，根据该结构，能够可靠地实现导电部的低电阻化。
以上，详细地说明了本发明的实施例，但本发明不限定于上述实施例，在不损害本发明主旨的范围内可以进行各种变更。

Claims (8)

1.导电性丝，其具有多根单丝、和覆盖上述各单丝的表面的导电部，
上述导电部包含含有碳纳米管的碳系材料、粘合剂和金属，具备上述碳纳米管之间相互连接的网状结构，且上述金属散布在上述网状结构中。
2.权利要求1所述的导电性丝，其中，上述导电部还含有Al2O3。
3.权利要求2所述的导电性丝，其中，上述Al2O3在其表面具有上述金属的层。
4.权利要求1～3任一项所述的导电性丝，其中，上述金属为选自Ag、Sn、Cu、Al、Zn、Fe、Ni、Co、Mg、Ti、Au、Pt族、和它们的合金中的至少1种。
5.权利要求1～3任一项所述的导电性丝，其中，上述金属为Ag和Ag合金的至少一种。
6.权利要求1～5任一项所述的导电性丝，其中，电阻为30Ω/cm以下。
7.权利要求1～6任一项所述的导电性丝，其中，上述导电部相对于该导电部100质量份，含有上述金属30～100质量份。
8.电线，其具有权利要求1～7任一项所述的导电性丝。
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