CN1088794C - 排气歧管装置 - Google Patents

排气歧管装置 Download PDF

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CN1088794C
CN1088794C CN97192751A CN97192751A CN1088794C CN 1088794 C CN1088794 C CN 1088794C CN 97192751 A CN97192751 A CN 97192751A CN 97192751 A CN97192751 A CN 97192751A CN 1088794 C CN1088794 C CN 1088794C
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air
valve
aspirator
pressure
way valve
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1212743A (zh
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S·瓦利斯科
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Gentech Design Ltd
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Gentech Design Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B27/00—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues
    • F02B27/04—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues in exhaust systems only, e.g. for sucking-off combustion gases
    • F02B27/06—Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues in exhaust systems only, e.g. for sucking-off combustion gases the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F16K15/066—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring with a plurality of valve members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7838—Plural
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7847—With leak passage
    • Y10T137/7849—Bypass in valve casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/794—With means for separating solid material from the fluid
    • Y10T137/8122—Planar strainer normal to flow path

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种排气歧管装置，在发动机正常运转期间允许空气进入排气歧管，以防排气经排气阀被吸入气缸。空气可按需要通过阀18和21供给排气歧管，以随发动机速度增加而增加的高于大气压的压力供给阀21。

Description

排气歧管装置
本发明涉及排气歧管装置。
在美国3871175中描述了一种二次空气供给系统，它将空气供给一排气歧管，以提供充足的空气来氧化在发动机低速时任何未燃尽的废气。
本发明尤其涉及设置成在发动机正常工作期间自动地允许空气进入排气歧管以防尤其是废气被吸入发动机气缸中的装置。这些装置或吸气器已在例如美国专利3455106和欧洲专利0041831中被公开。迄今提出的装置均包括相当复杂的机械结构，因而在较高发动机转速或在各种发动机转速下不能有效地工作。
本发明的目的是克服或至少减少这些问题。
按本发明，提供一种吸气器，用以在内燃机工作期间使空气自动有选择地进入发动机排气歧管，防止废气经排气阀被吸回气缸，该吸气器包括一个管接头该管接头由下列部件构成：一个由延伸到一孔口的空心体，安装成与歧管连通；该管接头具有与歧管相通的孔口；一个固定于管接头上的第一单向阀，当歧管内的压力大于第一阀处的压力时，防止废气经该孔口离开歧管；以及将高于大气压力的不同压力的空气供给第二阀的装置，这些空气压力随发动机转速增加而增加，其中第二单向阀经一通道与第一阀相连，形成一中间膨胀室，第二单向阀被设置成一当该通道内的压力小于第二阀处的压力时，允许空气进入该通道，
该孔口最好在稍微伸入到歧管内超过其内表面的管中形成。
每个单向阀可包括一针阀。
第二单向阀的位置可用手动调节，以改变打开和关闭第二阀的压差。
可由一空气冲压管将空气供给第二单向阀，冲压管的入口暴露于装此发动机的车辆前方，从而可提供与车辆前进速度相应的压力空气。
或者，空气也可由一空气泵供给，且空气泵可构成发动机涡轮增压器的一部分。
现参照有关附图通过实例来说明，本发明的排气歧管装置或吸气器，其中：
图1为该装置管接头的侧向剖视图；
图2为在使用中固定在管接头上的该装置的侧向剖视图；
图3为排气歧管的顶视图；以及
图4为该装置在应用于涡轮增压器中的顶视图。
参考附图，在图1中，管接头包括一下半部分10，其中有一孔11，用螺纹固定到发动机歧管12上。该下半部分含有一由空心帽14封口的膨胀室13，空心帽14延伸到一压盖固定帽15，使空心帽14密封并使其与圆柱管16相连接。
应当注意孔11的底边稍微伸入歧管12并超出其内表面。这使该孔对气流和歧管中的压力更敏感。同样，热废气不大会吹入孔11并腐蚀该装置中的阀门座。设置膨胀室13保证任何流向歧管的空气流被加速并且当需要时通过孔口11“冲压”入歧管。
在图2中，管子16通过一压盖管接头19与装有一第一单向针阀18的下部壳体17相连接。一上部壳体20可滑动地或相反可调节地与该下部壳体17相连，两部分壳体共同形成一膨胀室20′。此室20′的有效尺寸或容量可根据需要来改变，在第一阀18与第二单向针阀21之间起压力阻尼器作用。阀21受弹簧22的偏压并用螺纹连接固定于壳体20的上端，从而可手动调节以增加或减小有效弹簧偏压。通过这种调节可改变阀21打开和关闭的压差。此装置包括二个高压旁通和卸压孔口22和23。
一般说来，设置该装置的目的是当需要时使空气通过阀18和21从大气进入排气歧管，正如基本上在先有技术中所公知的那样。在本发明的装置中，当发动机加速时，在压力下将空气供给阀21，以便通过孔口11提供增压的空气供给，保证发动机始终有效工作。最好，从车辆的向前迎面入口供给空气使增压空气进入运动着的车辆排气。这样，当车辆加速时，供给阀21的空气压力自动地增加以相应于发动机速度并按要求将增加的增压空气供给孔口11。此增压空气也可由一电风扇供给，或由一涡轮增压器风扇供给，如图4所示。
图3以30表示一将该装置装于一四缸发动机的歧管上的最佳中央位置，选择该位置是为了与来自所有四缸的排气流基本均匀地混合的区域相一致。当然，可利用其它位置或装多个装置，这时，位置的选择将取决于各装置服务于哪个气缸及多少气缸。
在图4中，本发明的装置提供按需要来自与涡轮增压器风扇32出口相连的放气阀31的提高压力的空气。通常输送输出空气以迫使油-气混合物进入发动机气缸，还利用被分流的或泄放的足够量空气，使在本装置的针阀18的进口处产生供给的提高压力的空气。

Claims (8)

1.一种吸气器，在内燃机运转期间使空气能自动地有选择地进入发动机排气歧管，防止排气经排气阀被吸回到气缸内，该吸气器包括一个管接头(10，11)，该管接头由下列部件组成：一个由延伸到一孔口(11)的空心体(10)，安装成与歧管(12)连通，一个固定于管接头上的第一单向阀(18)，当歧管内的压力大于第一阀处的压力时，防止废气经该孔口(11)离开歧管；以及将高于大气压的不同压力的空气供给一个第二单向阀(21)的装置，这些空气压力随发动机速度增加而增加，其特征在于第二单向阀(21)经一通道(20)与第一阀相连，形成一个具有通向空气的卸压孔口(23)的中间膨胀室(20′)，第二单向阀被设计成当该通道(20)内的压力小于第二阀(21)处的压力时，允许空气进入该通道(20)。
2.按权利要求1所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于，该孔口(11)在稍微伸入歧管(12)超过其内表面的管中形成。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于，每个单向阀(18，21)包括一针阀。
4.按权利要求1至3中任一项所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于，第二单向阀(21)的位置可用手动调节，以改变打开和关闭第二阀(21)的压差。
5.按权利要求1至4中任一项所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于，由一空气冲压管将空气供给第二单向阀(21)，冲压管的入口暴露于装此发动机的车辆前方，从而提供与车辆前进速度相应的压力空气。
6.按权利要求1至5中任一项所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于空气由一空气泵供给。
7.按权利要求6所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于，空气泵构成发动机涡轮增压器的一部分。
8.按权利要求1所述的一种吸气器，其特征在于空气相应于发动机的全速度被供给第二阀。
CN97192751A 1996-01-12 1997-01-10 排气歧管装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1088794C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9600642.4 1996-01-12
GB9600642A GB2308989B (en) 1996-01-12 1996-01-12 Exhaust manifold device

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN1212743A CN1212743A (zh) 1999-03-31
CN1088794C true CN1088794C (zh) 2002-08-07

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US (1) US6119454A (zh)
EP (1) EP0873470B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4056564B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100489315B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1088794C (zh)
AT (1) ATE192826T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU707029B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9706932A (zh)
CA (1) CA2242464A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69701958T2 (zh)
EA (1) EA000458B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2149563T3 (zh)
GB (1) GB2308989B (zh)
HK (1) HK1015851A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997025526A1 (zh)

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KR19990077116A (ko) 1999-10-25
EA000458B1 (ru) 1999-08-26
CA2242464A1 (en) 1997-07-17
ES2149563T3 (es) 2000-11-01
JP4056564B2 (ja) 2008-03-05
JP2000503091A (ja) 2000-03-14
GB2308989A (en) 1997-07-16
GB2308989B (en) 1997-11-19
HK1015851A1 (en) 1999-10-22
GB2308989A9 (en) 1997-07-29
AU1391597A (en) 1997-08-01
DE69701958D1 (de) 2000-06-15
DE69701958T2 (de) 2000-12-07
BR9706932A (pt) 2000-01-04
EP0873470B1 (en) 2000-05-10
ATE192826T1 (de) 2000-05-15
CN1212743A (zh) 1999-03-31
GB9600642D0 (en) 1996-03-13
EP0873470A1 (en) 1998-10-28
US6119454A (en) 2000-09-19
KR100489315B1 (ko) 2005-09-05
AU707029B2 (en) 1999-07-01
WO1997025526A1 (en) 1997-07-17
GB2308989A8 (en) 1997-08-22
EA199800547A1 (ru) 1998-12-24

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