CN108873475A - 反射式液晶显示面板、其制备方法及显示装置 - Google Patents

反射式液晶显示面板、其制备方法及显示装置 Download PDF

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CN108873475A
CN108873475A CN201810736666.1A CN201810736666A CN108873475A CN 108873475 A CN108873475 A CN 108873475A CN 201810736666 A CN201810736666 A CN 201810736666A CN 108873475 A CN108873475 A CN 108873475A
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polaroid
substrate
liquid crystal
guide plate
light guide
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CN108873475B (zh
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胡伟频
邵喜斌
王丹
孙晓
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
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    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
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    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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    • G02—OPTICS
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    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种反射式液晶显示面板，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，设置在第一基板外侧的第一偏光片，设置在第二基板外侧的第二偏光片，填充在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶和设置在第一偏光片上的具有导光网点的导光板，和侧入式背光源，还包括层叠于导光板的与第一偏光片相对一侧的第三偏光片、具有液晶和二向色性染料混合物的复合层和第三基板；第三偏光片与第一偏振片的偏振方向相同；在显示黑态时第三偏光片的吸光轴与复合层的吸光轴正交。本发明在导光板上方增加偏光片以及二向色性染料复合层，显示黑态下使导光板上方偏光片吸光轴与二向色染料复合层吸光轴正交，消除光线在导光板上表面的逃逸，极大提高反射式液晶显示面板的对比度。

Description

反射式液晶显示面板、其制备方法及显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种反射式液晶显示面板、其制备方法及显示装置。
背景技术
反射式显示器件依靠反射环境光来提供显示光源，在环境光较弱的场合亮度过低，限制了该类产品的使用范围。增加前置光源可提升RLCD在暗态的用户体现，提高产品的档次，增加了产品的附加值，显著提升产品边效。以电子书为例，一般有前置光源产品的价格是无前置光源产品价格的两倍。目前国内外各大展会少有带前光的反射式LCD产品，主要瓶颈在于对比度较低。
图1所示为现有反射式LCD结构示意图，将前置导光板置于LCD上方，前置导光板基材为光学级的亚克力板材，其具有导光网点，当光线射到各个导光点时，反射光会往各个角度扩散，然后破坏反射条件向显示器面射出，而导光板从远离显示器的一面存在逃逸光。针对逃逸光，在非反射式液晶显示面板中，会在导光板逃逸光的一侧增加反射片，将逃逸光反射回导光板，而在反射式液晶显示面板中，增加反射片的方式显然不适用，从而导致传统反射式器件对比度低。显示黑态下存在逃逸光严重影响反射式显示产品对比度，减小显示黑态亮度将大大提高反射式LCD竞争力。
发明内容
为了克服现有缺陷，本发明提供一种反射式液晶显示面板、其制备方法及显示装置。
本发明一方面提供一种反射式液晶显示面板，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，设置在所述第一基板的与所述第二基板相对一侧的第一偏光片，设置在所述第二基板的与所述第一基板相对一侧的第二偏光片，填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶和设置在第一偏光片的与所述第一基板相对一侧的具有导光网点的导光板，和侧入式背光源，还包括层叠于所述导光板的与所述第一偏光片相对一侧的第三偏光片、具有液晶和二向色性染料混合物的复合层和第三基板；所述第三偏光片与第一偏振片的偏振方向相同；在显示黑态时所述第三偏光片的吸光轴与所述复合层的吸光轴正交。
根据本发明的一实施方式，所述导光板和所述第三偏光片之间还设置有低折射率层，所述低折射率层的折射率低于所述导光板的折射率。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，所述导光板是玻璃导光板。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，所述第三偏光片被磨砂处理。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，所述二向色性染料为p型染料或n型染料。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，所述复合层中的液晶是正性液晶或负性液晶。
本发明根据另一方面提供一种反射式显示面板的制备方法，所述反射式显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，设置在所述第一基板的与所述第二基板相对一侧的第一偏光片，设置在所述第二基板的与所述第一基板相对一侧的第二偏光片，填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，设置在第一偏光片的与所述第一基板相对一侧的具有导光网点的导光板，和侧入式背光源，包括如下步骤：在所述导光板的与所述第一偏光片相对一侧设置第三偏光片；在所述第三偏光片的与所述第折射率相对一侧设置具有液晶和二向色性染料的复合层；以及在所述复合层的与所述第三偏光片相对一侧设置第三基板；其中所述第三偏光片于第一偏振片的偏振方向相同；在显示黑态时所述第三偏光片的吸光轴与所述复合层的吸光轴正交。
根据本发明的一实施方式，在设置第三偏光片步骤之前还包括在所述导光板和所述第三偏光片之间设置低折射率层步骤，所述低折射率层的折射率低于所述导光板的折射率。
根据本发明的另一实施方式，在设置第三偏光片步骤之前还包括对所述第三偏光片进行磨砂处理步骤。
本发明另一方面还提供一种包括上述反射式液晶显示面板的显示装置。
本发明在导光板上方增加偏光片以及二向色性染料复合层，显示黑态下使导光板上方偏光片吸光轴与二向色染料复合层吸光轴正交，消除光线在导光板上表面的逃逸，极大提高反射式液晶显示面板的对比度。更进一步，导光板和偏光片之间还设置有低折射率层，可以使侧入至导光板内的光在导光板和低折射率层的界面处全反射，进一步避免光的逸出，更进一步提高对比度。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施方式，本发明的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。
图1是现有反射式液晶显示面板的示意图。
图2是本发明实施例的反射式液晶显示面板的示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的反射式液晶显示面板的亮态光路示意图。
图4是本发明实施例的反射式液晶显示面板的黑态光路示意图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1：导光板
21：第一偏光片
22：第二偏光片
23：第三偏光片
31：第一基板
32：第二基板
33：第三基板
4：液晶
5：导光网点
6：低折射率层
7：复合层
8：吸光轴
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中，为了清晰，夸大了区域和层的厚度。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
需要说明的是，本发明中上、下等用语，仅为互为相对概念或是以产品的正常使用状态为参考的，而不应该认为是具有限制性的。当层或元件被称为在两层或两个元件“之间”时，它可以为两层或两个元件之间唯一的层，或还可以存在一个以上的中间层或元件。
图2是本发明实施例的反射式液晶显示面板的示意图。如图2所示，反射式液晶显示面板包括第一基板31、第二基板32，设置在第一基板31的与第二基板32相对一侧的第一偏光片21，设置在第二基板32的与第一基板31相对一侧的第二偏光片22，填充在第一基板31和第二基板32之间的液晶4，侧入式背光源(图中未示出)，设置在第一偏光片21的与第一基板31相对一侧的具有导光网点5的导光板1，层叠于导光板1的与第一偏光片21相对一侧的第三偏光片23、具有液晶和二向色性染料的复合层7和第三基板33。第三偏光片23与第一偏振片21的偏振方向相同。在显示黑态时第三偏光片23的吸光轴与复合层7的吸光轴正交。
例如，第一基板31和第二基板32可以分别为对置基板和阵列基板，例如，对置基板可以是彩膜基板。阵列基板包括按阵列排布的像素驱动电路，每个像素驱动电路例如用于驱动一个像素，以控制相应像素中电极之间的电压差，从而实现显示。光从反射式液晶显示面板的正面入射，则第一基板31为透明基板，例如为玻璃基板。第一基板31和第二基板32之间填充有液晶4。
导光板1的、邻近第一偏光片21侧具有导光网点5，导光网点5作为取光单元将全反射光线取出，提高了出射光的均匀性和亮度。
导光板1的上侧还可以沉积有低折射率层6，低折射率层6的折射率低于导光板1的折射率，使得从侧入式背光源发出的光可以在导光板1和低折射率层6的界面处发生全反射，进一步防止光逃逸。
低折射率层6上侧设置有第三偏光片23。第三偏光片23偏振方向与第一偏光片21的偏振方向相同。当环境光的亮度较大时，从反射式液晶显示面板正面入射的光可以是环境光，此时环境光起到显示用光源的作用。当环境光的亮度较低时，在使用前光源模式下，从侧面进入导光板1的光线为非偏振光，第三偏光片23只允许偏振方向与它平行的光通过，滤掉其它偏振方向的光，从而将逃逸光减少50％。还可以对第三偏光片23进行磨砂处理，以消散使用环境光源模式下的表面反光。
在第三偏光片23的上侧设置有复合层7。复合层7为具有液晶和二向色性染料混合物的复合层。复合层7包括液晶分子(主)以及在液晶分子(主)中溶解的二向色性染料分子(宾)。进入复合层7的偏振光偏振方向平行于二向色染料慢轴，会被染料吸收，反之透过。对复合层7施加或不施加电压，使其在显示黑态下的吸光轴与第三偏光片的吸光轴正交。因此，完全避免光的逃逸，提高对比度。
在复合层7的外侧还设置有第三基板33，第三基板33为透明基板，例如玻璃基板。
本发明实施例的显示面板还可以包括驱动电路等使显示面板具有显示功能的常规元件，在此不再赘述。
以下以复合层7中的液晶为正性液晶、二向色性染料为正性染料(p型染料)为例，解释说明本发明实施例的显示面板显示亮态和显示黑态时的工作原理。然而，本领域技术人员可以理解，复合层7中的液晶也可以为负性液晶、染料也可以是负性染料(n型染料)，或者复合层7中的液晶为正性液晶、染料为负性染料，或者复合层7中的液晶为负性液晶、染料为正性染料，只要显示黑态时，复合层7的吸光轴与第三偏光片正交即可实现本发明的目的。
图3所示为显示亮态光路示意图，反射式液晶显示面板的出射光线偏振方向平行于显示面板，此时驱动二向色染料吸光轴垂直于基板31,32,33，出射的偏振光不被染料吸收，正常透过形成显示。
图4所示为显示黑态光路图，反射式液晶显示面板的出射光线偏振方向垂直于显示面板，不能通过第一偏光片21。经过第三偏光片23的逃逸光偏振方向平行于显示面板，偏振方向与二向色染料吸光轴平行，被染料吸收，不能形成出射，从而完全消除逃逸光对显示黑态的影响，极大提高反射式液晶显示面板的对比度。
可选地，本发明实施例还提供一种显示装置，可以包括上述该显示面板，该显示装置可以为：电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种反射式液晶显示面板，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，设置在所述第一基板的与所述第二基板相对一侧的第一偏光片，设置在所述第二基板的与所述第一基板相对一侧的第二偏光片，填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶和设置在第一偏光片的与所述第一基板相对一侧的具有导光网点的导光板，和侧入式背光源，其特征在于，
还包括层叠于所述导光板的与所述第一偏光片相对一侧的第三偏光片、具有液晶和二向色性染料混合物的复合层和第三基板；
所述第三偏光片与第一偏振片的偏振方向相同；
在显示黑态时所述第三偏光片的吸光轴与所述复合层的吸光轴正交。
2.根据权利要求1所述的反射式液晶显示面板，其特征在于，所述导光板和所述第三偏光片之间还设置有低折射率层，所述低折射率层的折射率低于所述导光板的折射率。
3.根据权利要求1所述的反射式液晶显示面板，其特征在于，所述导光板是玻璃导光板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的反射式液晶显示面板，其特征在于，所述第三偏光片被磨砂处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述的反射式液晶显示面板，其特征在于，所述二向色性染料为p型染料或n型染料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的反射式液晶显示面板，其特征在于，所述复合层中的液晶是正性液晶或负性液晶。
7.一种反射式显示面板的制备方法，所述反射式显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，设置在所述第一基板的与所述第二基板相对一侧的第一偏光片，设置在所述第二基板的与所述第一基板相对一侧的第二偏光片，填充在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的液晶，设置在第一偏光片的与所述第一基板相对一侧的具有导光网点的导光板，和侧入式背光源，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
在所述导光板的与所述第一偏光片相对一侧设置第三偏光片；
在所述第三偏光片的与所述第折射率相对一侧设置具有液晶和二向色性染料的复合层；以及
在所述复合层的与所述第三偏光片相对一侧设置第三基板；
其中所述第三偏光片于第一偏振片的偏振方向相同；在显示黑态时所述第三偏光片的吸光轴与所述复合层的吸光轴正交。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，在设置第三偏光片步骤之前还包括在所述导光板和所述第三偏光片之间设置低折射率层步骤，所述低折射率层的折射率低于所述导光板的折射率。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，在设置第三偏光片步骤之前还包括对所述第三偏光片进行磨砂处理步骤。
10.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-6任一所述的反射式液晶显示面板。
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