CN108873083A - A kind of artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetism apparent resistivity measurement method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetism apparent resistivity measurement methods, and first according to detection or exploration demand, horizontal electric dipole field source and electric field level amount measuring system is arranged, the device fixed with reception using transmitting for non-destructive testing.Certain measuring point multifrequency point electromagnetism E is recorded using the electromagnetic signal of different frequency fxComponent.The electromagnetic field E of corresponding frequency point combination is calculated using the approximation method of first-order difference derivationxTo the derivative of frequency pointAnd the local derviation information after calculating is stored.Utilize electromagnetic field ExDerivative of the component to frequency pointCarry out apparent resistivity conversion process.The method overcome the limitations that apparent resistivity solution is carried out using Ka Niya apparent resistivity definition criterion, conventional APPARENT RESISTIVITY is reduced again simultaneously to seek needing in face of Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations bring calculated result risk of instability, it is effective to improve computation of apparent resistivity efficiency and accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measuring method in the field of exploration geophysics, which is characterized in that a nonlinear equation does not need to be solved, the apparent resistivity definition error caused by inaccurate solving of the nonlinear equation is reduced, and the calculation accuracy of the traditional apparent resistivity is improved.
Background
In geophysical exploration, resistivity or conductivity is usually adopted for describing the conductivity of underground rocks and ores, however, when the geophysical exploration is actually carried out, the comprehensive effect of collected underground rocks and ores is not the real resistivity of the underground rocks and ores, and the comprehensive effect is called apparent resistivity, and is related to a plurality of factors such as the components, the structures and the arrangement mode of a collecting device of the underground rocks and the ores.
The controllable source audio frequency magnetotelluric method (CSAMT) is a frequency domain artificial field source electromagnetic sounding method, and the method adopts a visual resistivity definition form similar to the magnetotelluric Method (MT) to calculate visual parameters, thereby greatly improving the quality of observed signals due to the introduction of an artificial field source. With the continuous development of electromagnetic exploration methods, the methods are widely used in the exploration fields of petroleum, natural gas, metal ores, geothermy, hydrology, environment and the like. However, the artificial field source introduced by the artificial field source frequency electromagnetic method successfully solves the observation difficulty caused by the randomness and the weak signal intensity of the natural source, but a series of new problems also appear. For example, it is calculated using the conventional Kanini apparent resistivity definition (e.g., using the following equation)Or) The precondition of the definition is that the electromagnetic wave propagates in a plane wave, so the observation area needs to be placed in a far zone, the apparent resistivity is calculated by using the data of the far zone, but the apparent resistivity calculated by a non-far zone generates serious distortion, so the data of a transition zone and a near zone are abandoned, and the CSAMT application range is reduced. Meanwhile, two orthogonal electric fields and magnetic fields need to be measured in a remote area during field work, so that the field work efficiency is reduced, and the field exploration cost is increased. In addition, the conventional whole areaThe apparent resistivity definition mode adopts E _ ExAndthe definition mode is suitable for most of measurement areas, the defect that the apparent resistivity barrier cannot be solved in the non-planar area is overcome, but the non-linear equation set needs to be solved to define the corresponding apparent resistivity, so that the accuracy of the apparent resistivity depends on the solution of the non-linear equation set, and the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the apparent resistivity are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems described in the background art and provide an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measuring method aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method avoids the assumed requirement of plane waves defined by the Kani sub apparent resistivity, reduces the unstable risk of a calculation result caused by solving a nonlinear equation set in the conventional all-region apparent resistivity calculation, and effectively improves the apparent resistivity calculation efficiency.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measuring method, a rectangular coordinate system is adopted in field actual data acquisition, and according to an electromagnetic field theory, an electric field component E of a horizontal electric dipolexThe expression under the rectangular coordinate system is:
in the formula ExExpressed as the electric field component in the x direction under a rectangular coordinate system, sigma is the electric conductivity of a uniform half space, phi is the included angle between an observation point and the positive direction of dipole moment, r is the distance between the observation point and the center of the dipole moment, k is the wave number, under the quasi-static condition,mu is magneticThe conductance, ω -2 π f, is the angular frequency and f is the frequency. i represents the frequency bin number.
The angular frequency ω is subjected to partial derivation to obtain:
the simplification is as follows:
where ρ is0Is the resistivity of the medium.
Order top is the induction number, m is the complex intermediate variable, therefore, the simplification is further:
wherein,
finally, an electromagnetic E is obtainedxPartial derivative of angular frequency ω:
wherein,taking the model to obtain:
then, taking the logarithm taking e as the base on the left side and the right side of the formula, and obtaining the logarithm taking e as the baseSubstituting, simplifying and obtaining:
therefore, electromagnetic E in the x-direction using a rectangular coordinate systemxThe apparent resistivity ρ i is calculated as the derivative of the frequency f as:
therefore, only obtain ExThe apparent resistivity can be calculated by the derivative of the frequency f, the solution of a nonlinear equation is not needed to define the apparent resistivity of the whole area, the calculation accuracy of the apparent resistivity is effectively improved, and the accuracy of the underground geological anomaly interpretation is improved.
A method for measuring artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity comprises the following steps:
step S1: firstly, according to the detection or exploration requirement, a horizontal electric dipole field source and an electric field horizontal component measuring system are arranged, and a transmitting and receiving fixed device is adopted for nondestructive detection; for exploration, an observation mode of one emission source, multiple measuring points and multiple measuring lines is adopted; the emission source emits a multi-frequency electromagnetic signal through a horizontal electric dipole.
Step S2: recording the potential difference V between two measuring electrodes by using an electromagnetic signal receiver, wherein the orientations of the measuring electrodes and the power supply electrode are consistent, recording the distance d between the measuring electrodes, and calculating the single-frequency-point electromagnetism E by using the ratio of the potential difference V to the distance d between the measuring electrodesxThe components of the first and second images are,then, the electromagnetic signals with different frequencies f are used for recording the multi-frequency point electromagnetism E of a certain measuring pointxAnd (4) components.
Step S3: electromagnetic E using a series of frequencies obtained by the calculationxThe components are combined with adjacent frequency points, and the electromagnetic field E of the corresponding frequency point combination is calculated by adopting an approximation method of first-order difference derivationxDerivative to frequency pointAnd storing the calculated partial derivative information.
Step S4: using electromagnetic fields ExDerivative of component to frequency pointAnd (3) performing apparent resistivity conversion treatment, wherein the adopted solving expression is as follows:
wherein mu is magnetic conductivity, r is the distance between the center of dipole moment and the observation point, ω -2 π f is angular frequency, I is the magnitude of emission current, dL is the length of the dipole emission source, ρiAnd (3) representing the visual resistivity of the ith frequency point.
The electromagnetic signal receiver in step S1 is used to record the potential difference between the two measuring electrodes.
The invention provides a measuring method of artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity, which has the following positive effects:
(1) when the apparent resistivity is obtained, the apparent resistivity calculation of a non-plane wave propagation area is fully considered, and the measurement range of the traditional artificial field source electromagnetic method is expanded, so that the exploration measurement can be carried out in the non-plane wave area and a far area;
(2) according to the invention, only multi-frequency-point single-component electromagnetic field signals are required to be measured, and the visual resistivity is calculated without measuring mutually-perpendicular electric fields and magnetic fields, so that a multi-channel simultaneous measurement strategy can be well realized, the heaviness of the traditional controllable source electromagnetic field measurement equipment is reduced, the guidance is improved, the field exploration data acquisition efficiency is improved, and the field exploration cost is reduced;
(3) the invention adopts an electric field ExThe apparent resistivity is defined by the derivative of the component to the frequency, the defects of poor apparent resistivity calculation precision and the like caused by inaccurate solution of a nonlinear equation are avoided without the need of a traditional apparent resistivity calculation method, and the efficiency and the precision of the apparent resistivity solution are effectively improved.
(4) The apparent resistivity definition method of the invention is simple and fast, and is very suitable for nondestructive testing instruments taking resistivity as testing measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic flow chart of an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measurement method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of field layout of an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measurement method provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is an apparent resistivity calculation result of a theoretical model of an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measurement method provided by the invention, wherein the theoretical model is as follows: three layers of H curves, wherein the resistivity of a first layer of the model is 100 omega m, the thickness of the model is 100m, the resistivity of a second layer is 25 omega m, the thickness of the model is 200m, the resistivity of a third layer is 100 omega m, and the thickness of the model is infinite; the transmitting-receiving distance is 8000 m.
FIG. 4; the invention provides a theoretical model apparent resistivity calculation result of an artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measurement method, wherein the theoretical model comprises the following steps: three layers of H curves, wherein the resistivity of a first layer of the model is 100 omega m, the thickness of the model is 100m, the resistivity of a second layer is 25 omega m, the thickness of the model is 200m, the resistivity of a third layer is 100 omega m, and the thickness of the model is infinite; transmitting-receiving distance
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1: firstly, setting a proper field source position according to exploration requirements, laying a plurality of measuring lines and corresponding observation points in an exploration area, placing an electromagnetic signal receiver at the observation points, and placing the field source position through a signal transmitter to transmit electromagnetic signals with a plurality of frequencies to the exploration area;
step S2: recording the potential difference V between two measuring electrodes by using an electromagnetic signal receiver, wherein the orientations of the measuring electrodes and the power supply electrode are consistent, recording the distance d between the measuring electrodes, and calculating the single-frequency-point electromagnetism E by using the ratio of the potential difference V to the distance d between the measuring electrodesxComponent, then using current signals with different frequencies f to record multi-frequency point electromagnetism E of a certain measuring pointxA component;
step S3: electromagnetic E using a series of frequencies obtained by the calculationxThe components are combined with adjacent frequency points, and the electromagnetic field E of the corresponding frequency point combination is calculated by adopting an approximation method of first-order difference derivationxDerivative to frequency pointAnd storing the calculated derivative information;
step S4: using electromagnetic fields ExDerivative of component to frequency pointAnd (3) performing apparent resistivity conversion treatment, wherein the adopted solving expression is as follows:
wherein mu is magnetic conductivity, r is the distance between the center of dipole moment and the observation point, ω -2 π f is angular frequency, I is the magnitude of emission current, dL is the length of the dipole emission source, ρiAnd (3) representing the visual resistivity of the ith frequency point.
The following is an example of the artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measuring method of the invention.
The theoretical model is a three-layer H curve, the resistivity of a first layer of the theoretical model is 100 omega m, the thickness of the theoretical model is 100m, the resistivity of a second layer of the theoretical model is 25 omega m, the thickness of the theoretical model is 200m, the resistivity of a third layer of the theoretical model is 100 omega m, and the thickness of the theoretical model is infinite; transmit-receive distances of 8000m andthe frequency measurement range is 0.1 Hz-10 KHz. The artificial field source is a dipole source and a bipolar source respectively.
Fig. 3 and 4 show the results of the source apparent resistivity calculation without the transmit-receive distance.
Fig. 3 and 4 compare the apparent resistivity calculation under the far zone condition with the full zone apparent resistivity calculation provided by the present invention, respectively. The calculation result of FIG. 3 shows that the calculation result provided by the invention has good correspondence with the result under the far zone condition of 2 Hz-10 KHz, and the result is very accurate; the results of fig. 4 show that when the receiving and transmitting distances are far, the calculation results given by the invention have good correspondence with the results under the far zone condition from 0.1Hz to 10KHz, and the results are very accurate. The result also shows that the artificial source whole-region frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity measuring method provided by the invention is correct from another aspect, and meanwhile, related information of the underground geological structure is well indicated, so that numerical errors caused by inaccurate iterative solution of the traditional whole-region apparent resistivity are avoided, and the method has important significance for improving accuracy of underground geological anomaly interpretation.
FIG. 3 three-layer H-shaped curve E of horizontal electric dipolex-fAnd the apparent resistivity defining curve (the transmitting-receiving distance is 8000m) respectively shows a dipole source forward modeling and a bipolar source forward modeling, and the remote zone and whole zone apparent resistivity calculating curve and the dipole forward modeling adopt a bipolar source mode to obtain the remote zone and whole zone apparent resistivity curve.
FIG. 4 horizontal electric dipole three-layer H-shaped curve Ex-fApparent resistivity defining curve (transmitting-receiving distance)) And respectively showing a dipole forward modeling and a bipolar source forward modeling, calculating curves of the apparent resistivity of the remote area and the whole area, and calculating the curves of the apparent resistivity of the remote area and the whole area by adopting a bipolar source mode in the dipole forward modeling.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting a rectangular coordinate system in field actual data acquisition, and according to an electromagnetic field theory, obtaining an electric field component E of a horizontal electric dipolexThe expression under the rectangular coordinate system is:
in the formula ExExpressed as electric field component in x direction under rectangular coordinate system, sigma is uniform half spacePhi is the included angle between the observation point and the positive direction of the dipole moment, r is the distance between the observation point and the center of the dipole moment, k is the wave number, under the quasi-static condition,mu is magnetic conductivity, omega-2 pi f is angular frequency, and f is frequency; i represents the frequency point sequence number;
the angular frequency ω is subjected to partial derivation to obtain:
the simplification is as follows:
where ρ is0Is the resistivity of the medium;
order top is the induction number, m is the complex intermediate variable, therefore, the simplification is further:
wherein,
finally, an electromagnetic E is obtainedxPartial derivative of angular frequency ω:
wherein,taking the model to obtain:
then, taking the logarithm taking e as the base on the left side and the right side of the formula, and obtaining the logarithm taking e as the baseSubstituting, simplifying and obtaining:
therefore, electromagnetic E in the x-direction using a rectangular coordinate systemxThe apparent resistivity ρ i is calculated as the derivative of the frequency f as:
therefore, only obtain ExThe derivative of the frequency f enables the calculation of apparent resistivity without the need to solve nonlinear equations to define the total apparent resistivity.
2. The method for measuring artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steps are as follows,
step S1: firstly, according to the detection or exploration requirement, a horizontal electric dipole field source and an electric field horizontal component measuring system are arranged, and a transmitting and receiving fixed device is adopted for nondestructive detection; for exploration, an observation mode of one emission source, multiple measuring points and multiple measuring lines is adopted; the emission source emits a multi-frequency electromagnetic signal through a horizontal electric dipole;
step S2: recording the potential difference V between two measuring electrodes by using an electromagnetic signal receiver, wherein the orientations of the measuring electrodes and the power supply electrode are consistent, recording the distance d between the measuring electrodes, and calculating the single-frequency-point electromagnetism E by using the ratio of the potential difference V to the distance d between the measuring electrodesxComponent, then using electromagnetic signal with different frequency f to record multi-frequency point electromagnetic E of some measuring pointxA component;
step S3: electromagnetic E using a series of frequencies obtained by the calculationxThe components are combined with adjacent frequency points, and the electromagnetic field E of the corresponding frequency point combination is calculated by adopting an approximation method of first-order difference derivationxDerivative to frequency pointStoring the calculated partial derivative information;
step S4: using electromagnetic fields ExDerivative of component to frequency pointAnd (3) performing apparent resistivity conversion treatment, wherein the adopted solving expression is as follows:
wherein mu is magnetic conductivity, r is the distance between the center of dipole moment and the observation point, ω -2 π f is angular frequency, I is the magnitude of emission current, dL is the length of the dipole emission source, ρiAnd (3) representing the visual resistivity of the ith frequency point.
3. The method for measuring artificial field source frequency domain electromagnetic apparent resistivity according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electromagnetic signal receiver in step S1 is used to record the potential difference between the two measuring electrodes.
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| CN109917470A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 中南大学 | A kind of vertical magnetism source wave number apparent resistivity measurement method and device |
| CN110703346A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-17 | 张道清 | Same-frequency and same-source ratio measurement method for natural electric field |
| CN110879418A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-13 | 东华理工大学 | Frequency domain electric source electromagnetic field apparent conductivity calculation method |
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| CN110927632A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-03-27 | 新疆万盾能源科技有限责任公司 | Frequency domain horizontal X-direction magnetic field component observation and data processing method |
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| CN113309506A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 山东大学 | Advanced observation method and device based on electric dipole emission in hole |
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| CN111397589A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-10 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Deformation monitoring and measuring method |
| CN111694061A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-09-22 | 东华理工大学 | Multi-dipole-source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration |
| CN113309506A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 山东大学 | Advanced observation method and device based on electric dipole emission in hole |
| CN113309506B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-02-03 | 山东大学 | Advanced observation method and device based on electric dipole emission in hole |
| CN114076988A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-02-22 | 中南大学 | Wave number apparent resistivity measuring method and device based on horizontal electric dipole source and readable storage medium |
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| CN117741776B (en) * | 2024-02-19 | 2024-05-03 | 山东大学 | Artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic exploration method and system containing natural source reference |
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