CN102183792B - Artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic sounding device and measurement method - Google Patents
Artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic sounding device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic sounding device and a measurement method; the device provided by the invention comprises an emitting system and a receiving system; the emitting system can be used for realizing frequency conversion emission according to a measurement demand, the receiving system is a master-slave distributed acquiring system composed of a master station and a plurality of acquiring stations to measure the whole measurement line simultaneously. The measurement method comprises the following steps: roughly measuring the measurement when performing the artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic sounding, processing and imaging a measurement result at field to find a frequency range corresponding to an abnormal object, encrypting a frequency point and performing the detailed survey aiming at an abnormal position, gradually detailing the frequency point distribution until meeting a resolution requirement to the abnormal object; a different-density frequency point distribution measurement method is adopted in the whole measuring frequency band, the frequency point is encrypted only aiming at a target, the resolution capability to the target is improved and the work efficiency is improved. The measurement method not only can be applied to a controllable source audio magneto telluric method and a frequency electromagnetic sounding method, but also can be spread to a frequency spectrum induced polarization and a complex resistivity method.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of geophysical survey device and method, especially a kind of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device and measuring method.
Background technology:
Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method is the corresponding relation according to wave frequency and penetration depth, through changing one type of electromagnetic method that frequency reaches the depth measurement purpose, mainly comprises controllable source audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (CSAMT) and frequency electromagnetic sounding method etc.This method adopts the horizontal current source of ground connection or the vertical magnetic couple source of earth-free loop line formation to produce humorous power transformation magnetic field as artificial field source; In the far-field region or non-far field receive the response signal of underground medium synchronously to each frequency electromagnetic field, obtain the complex apparent resistivity frequency spectrum of tested the earth through calculating.Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method and DC depth sounding method are relatively; Have and alleviate the advantage that field construction labour intensity, resolution are high, depth of exploration is bigger, so artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method has all been brought into play important effect in surveying seeking mineral metal products resource, groundwater resource, prospecting engineering geologic structure and even petroleum gas.
Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device is made up of transmitter and receiver; Transmitter can be through ground-electrode or earth-free loop line to the underground transmission current waveform of multiple frequency from low to high; Waveform pattern is the bipolar square wave of single-frequency, or the pulse train of a plurality of frequency synthesis is to improve efficiency of measurement.Receiver is single channel or hyperchannel (port number is less than or equal to 8 usually) data acquisition system (DAS), and the underground medium that the synchronous recording emf sensor picks up is to the response signal of each frequency electromagnetic field.Because separate unit receiver channel number is less, accomplish the measurement of whole piece survey line, needs repeatedly repeat its transmission of transmitter, there are shortcomings such as energy consumption is big, field work efficient is low in mobile receiver pointwise or areal survey.Because time sharing segment is measured, the time the become dry influence of disturbing to each measuring point different, be difficult to guarantee identical measuring accuracy.The survey line limited length that areal survey covers, each measurement can only obtain the underground medium information of this section survey line, and field condition can't be realized the integral body overall understanding to whole piece survey line underground medium information.
Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method need repeatedly change frequency measurement, and metering system commonly used at present has frequency variation method, odd harmonic method and multifrequency pseudorandom method.Frequency variation method adopts one by one frequency to measure, and frequency points is the measurement number of times because rectangular energy mainly is distributed in fundamental frequency, so concentration of energy to receive signal strong, but efficiency of measurement is low; The odd harmonic method is measured the first-harmonic and the odd harmonic of transmit square waves at one time, has improved efficient but has the fixedly shortcoming that weakens of harmonic number of times rising energy of adjacent frequency frequency difference; CN1325031A has announced a kind of active source frequency field resistivity prospecting method; It is multifrequency pseudorandom method; The transmitter current waveform comprises the predominant frequency that a plurality of amplitudes are more or less the same, and adjacent dominant frequency frequency ratio is fixed, and frequency distributes rationally and can realize that the frequency less than 2 times distributes; Once can measure a plurality of frequencies simultaneously, efficient is high and help eliminating and disturb.Therefore be a kind of comparatively desirable metering system for artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding.
Because the longitudinal frame of frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding depends on the frequency density or the ratio of observation, when frequency was pressed 2 system mode increasing or decreasings, longitudinal frame was not higher than 29.3%, can not satisfy the requirement of meticulous exploration.When no matter adopting above-mentioned which kind of metering system to carry out artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding; The gauger designs band limits and the frequency interval of measuring according to the electrical situation of surveying the district and the target detection degree of depth before measurement usually; Thisly under tested anomalous body information condition of unknown, frequency is set at fixing frequency interval; It is excessive that frequency interval is provided with, and then the resolution to anomalous body is low, finds that resolution is not enough if field survey finishes the back data processing stage; Need again the wiring of the cloth utmost point to encrypt frequency and measure, not only time-consuming but also require great effort.If it is overstocked that frequency interval is provided with, though integral body has improved resolution, field survey efficient is low, and the measurement result for the electrically uniform a plurality of frequencies of overlayer is equivalent to interpolation simultaneously, has wasted Measuring Time and energy consumption.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is exactly the deficiency to above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device and detection method are provided;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of measuring method of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device, form by emission coefficient and receiving system two parts:
---emission coefficient be by single-chip microcomputer through waveform synthesis unit, bridge circuit driver element, inversion H bridge circuit is with coil or be connected greatly; The output of inversion H bridge circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer through the electric current and voltage detecting unit; Battery or generator are connected with inversion H bridge circuit through direct supply; The synchronous triggering unit is connected with the waveform synthesis unit, and keyboard, LCD and single-chip microcomputer connect and compose;
---receiving system is the master-salve distributed acquisition system that is made up of master station and acquisition station; Master station connects two terminal build-out resistors through order wire respectively to both sides, between two terminal build-out resistors through order wire be linked in sequence the 1st acquisition station, the 2nd acquisition station ... The 128th acquisition station constitutes.
Acquisition station be by more than 1 so that N simulated modulation circuit respectively through more than one so that N independently A/D converter be connected with field programmable gate array (FPGA); FPGA connects clock synchronization circuit, SRAM and single-chip microcomputer respectively; Single-chip microcomputer connects USB flash disk storer, RS485 driver and LCD respectively and constitutes, and battery is supplied power to acquisition station through the DC-DC module.
The measuring method of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device, press following order and step work:
A, survey line is carried out bigness scale earlier; Transmitter by the adjacent frequency frequency ratio be 2 or 4 to the underground steady current that infeeds as artificial excitation's field source; The amplitude and the phase place in distributed each frequency electric field of receiving system multiple spot synchro measure or magnetic field are calculated each frequency apparent resistivity and phase differential.Measuring in the band limits all frequencies all launches and receives that bigness scale finishes when finishing;
B, field condition carry out rough handling to measurement result fast, draw frequency-apparent resistivity and frequency-phase place pseudosection map, from figure, abnormal area are positioned, and find the corresponding frequency range of anomalous body;
C, to out-of-the way position, in corresponding band limits, encrypting the meticulous measurement of frequency, i.e. detailed survey, the adjacent frequency frequency ratio is 2 during detailed survey
1/m(m is the integer greater than 1);
D, detailed survey finish the on-the-spot figure of one-tenth of back data processing, and whether decision continues to encrypt frequency and measure according to measurement result, the process of repeating step b and step c repeatedly, and progressively the refinement frequency distributes until satisfied resolution requirement to objective body.
Emission coefficient is to the underground square-wave signal that infeeds single-frequency or a plurality of frequency synthesis; Radiation pattern be single-frequency repeatedly or multifrequency organize emission more; The signal adjacent frequency frequency ratio of a plurality of frequency synthesis equates; The frequency launched of emission coefficient setting is spacedly distributed near logarithm, and the side frequency minimum ratio is 2
1/32=1.0219.Receiving system is the master-salve distributed acquisition system that is made up of master station and acquisition station, can disposablely be laid on the survey line, and multiple spot receives synchronously that underground medium infeeds the pumping signal of the earth to emission coefficient and the electromagnetic response signal that produces.Acquisition station uploads to master station with parameters such as amplitude of extracting and phase places, and local preservation of original time series data treated indoor detailed process.Master station reclaims the supplemental characteristic that all acquisition stations are uploaded, and further calculates derived parameters such as apparent resistivity, phase differential.
The measuring method of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device; The quick drawing methods of its field condition is: master station calculates apparent resistivity, the phase differential parameter of each measuring point; Press the measuring point number order and arrange the formation file, utilize mapping software to draw apparent resistivity and phase differential pseudosection map respectively, transverse axis is the measuring point numbering; The longitudinal axis is the frequency that logarithmic coordinate show, the parameter that calculates is filled in the correspondence position of pseudosection map with different colours according to the size of value.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has overcome the deficiency of traditional artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method in whole measurement band frequency fixed interval; Realized that through the metering system of " from coarse to fine; progressively refinement " density reasonably distributes at whole measurement frequency range frequency interval; Only encrypt frequency, promptly improved resolution characteristic, improved work efficiency again objective body to objective body.The present invention not only can be applied to controllable source audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (CSAMT), frequency electromagnetic sounding method, also extends to spectral induced polarization method, complex resistivity method etc., has high-resolution, high-efficiency characteristics.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 artificial source frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device emission coefficient structured flowchart
Fig. 2 artificial source frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device receiving system structured flowchart
Fig. 3 is an acquisition station structured flowchart in the accompanying drawing 2
Fig. 4 artificial source frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding measuring method synoptic diagram
1 measured target body, 2 highest frequencies, 3 low-limit frequencies, 4 bigness scale frequencies, 5 thick side exceptions area, 6 detailed survey exceptions area.
Embodiment:
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance:
Artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device, form by emission coefficient and receiving system two parts:
---emission coefficient be by single-chip microcomputer through waveform synthesis unit, bridge circuit driver element, inversion H bridge circuit is with coil or be connected greatly; The output of inversion H bridge circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer through the electric current and voltage detecting unit; Battery or generator are connected with inversion H bridge circuit through direct supply; The synchronous triggering unit is connected with the waveform synthesis unit, and keyboard, LCD and single-chip microcomputer connect and compose;
---receiving system is the master-salve distributed acquisition system that is made up of master station and acquisition station; Master station connects two terminal build-out resistors through order wire respectively to both sides, between two terminal build-out resistors through order wire be linked in sequence the 1st acquisition station, the 2nd acquisition station ... The 128th acquisition station constitutes.
Acquisition station be by more than 1 so that N simulated modulation circuit respectively through more than one so that N independently A/D converter be connected with field programmable gate array (FPGA); FPGA connects clock synchronization circuit, SRAM and single-chip microcomputer respectively; Single-chip microcomputer connects USB flash disk storer, RS485 driver and LCD respectively and constitutes, and battery is supplied power to acquisition station through the DC-DC module.
The measuring method of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device, press following order and step work:
A, survey line is carried out bigness scale earlier; Transmitter by the adjacent frequency frequency ratio be 2 or 4 to the underground steady current that infeeds as artificial excitation's field source; The amplitude and the phase place in distributed each frequency electric field of receiving system multiple spot synchro measure or magnetic field are calculated each frequency apparent resistivity and phase differential.Measuring in the band limits all frequencies all launches and receives that bigness scale finishes when finishing;
B, field condition carry out rough handling to measurement result fast, draw frequency-apparent resistivity and frequency-phase place pseudosection map, from figure, abnormal area are positioned, and find the corresponding frequency range of anomalous body;
C, to out-of-the way position, in corresponding band limits, encrypting the meticulous measurement of frequency, i.e. detailed survey, the adjacent frequency frequency ratio is 2 during detailed survey
1/m(m is the integer greater than 1);
D, detailed survey finish the on-the-spot figure of one-tenth of back data processing, and whether decision continues to encrypt frequency and measure according to measurement result, the process of repeating step b and step c repeatedly, and progressively the refinement frequency distributes until satisfied resolution requirement to objective body.
Embodiment:
Emission coefficient be by the MSP430 single-chip microcomputer through waveform synthesis unit, bridge circuit driver element, inversion H bridge circuit is with coil or be connected greatly; The output of inversion H bridge circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer through the electric current and voltage detecting unit; Battery or generator are connected with inversion H bridge circuit through direct supply; The synchronous triggering unit is connected with the waveform synthesis unit, and keyboard, LCD and single-chip microcomputer connect and compose;
Receiving system is the master-salve distributed acquisition system that is made up of a master station and a plurality of acquisition station; Master station connects two terminal build-out resistors through order wire respectively to both sides, between two terminal build-out resistors through order wire be linked in sequence the 1st acquisition station, the 2nd acquisition station ... The 128th acquisition station constitutes.Connection adopts Shielded Twisted Pair, and data transmission adopts the RS485 communications protocol.Acquisition station be by 5 simulated modulation circuit respectively through 5 independently A/D converter be connected with field programmable gate array (FPGA); FPGA connects clock synchronization circuit, SRAM and single-chip microcomputer respectively; Single-chip microcomputer connects USB flash disk storer, RS485 driver and LCD respectively and constitutes, and battery is supplied power to acquisition station through the DC-DC module.The faint electromagnetic field signal that non-polarizing electrode or magnetic field sensor pick up amplifies, filtering, goes processing such as power frequency through the simulated modulation circuit; Send into analog to digital converter with the amplitude of the best and realize digitizing; Each passage uses an independently analog to digital converter; Guarantee phase measurement accurately, the sequential that FPGA provides the A/D conversion to need connects clock synchronization circuit simultaneously and guarantees that data acquisition and emission are synchronous.Single-chip microcomputer receive the order of master station through the RS485 driver and with the data upload of gathering to master station, raw data is stored in the local USB flash disk carries out data backup simultaneously.
When carrying out the measurement of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding method, according to the Given information of surveying the district and the definite band limits of measuring of the target detection degree of depth, wherein highest frequency is shown in the accompanying drawing 42, and low-limit frequency is pressed following method step work shown in the accompanying drawing 43:
A. survey line is carried out bigness scale earlier, promptly transmitter by relatively more sparse frequency at interval (the adjacent frequency frequency ratio is 2 or 4, like 1Hz, 2Hz, 4Hz ... 2
nHz or 1Hz, 4Hz, 16Hz ... 4
nHz) as artificial excitation's field source, the frequency requirement is spacedly distributed with logarithm and covers whole measurement frequency range, shown in the accompanying drawing 44 to the underground steady current that infeeds for single frequency or synthetic multifrequency.The amplitude and the phase place in distributed each frequency electric field of receiver multiple spot synchro measure or magnetic field are calculated each frequency apparent resistivity and phase differential.All frequencies are all launched and are received that bigness scale finishes when finishing in the band limits to be measured;
B. field condition carries out rough handling to measurement result fast, draws frequency-apparent resistivity and frequency-phase place pseudosection map, from figure, abnormal area is positioned, and finds the frequency range of anomalous body (in the accompanying drawing 4 1) correspondence;
C. to out-of-the way position, in corresponding band limits, encrypting the meticulous measurement of frequency, i.e. detailed survey, the adjacent frequency frequency ratio is 2 during detailed survey
1/m(m is the integer greater than 1), like 1Hz, 1.189Hz, 1.414Hz, 1.682Hz ... (2
1/4)
nHz sees 5 of accompanying drawing 4.
D. data was on-the-spot after detailed survey finished becomes to scheme, and whether decision continues to encrypt the frequency measurement based on measurement result, sees 6 of accompanying drawing 4, can repeatedly repeat the process of above-mentioned steps b and step c, and progressively the refinement frequency distributes until the resolution requirement of satisfying objective body.
The measuring method of artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device; The quick drawing methods of its field condition is: master station calculates apparent resistivity, the phase differential parameter of each measuring point; Press the measuring point number order and arrange the formation file, utilize mapping software to draw apparent resistivity and phase differential pseudosection map respectively, transverse axis is the measuring point numbering; The longitudinal axis is the frequency that logarithmic coordinate show, the parameter that calculates is filled in the correspondence position of planimetric map with different colours according to the size of value.
Claims (2)
1. artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding device is made up of emission coefficient and receiving system two parts, it is characterized in that:
---emission coefficient be by single-chip microcomputer through waveform synthesis unit, bridge circuit driver element, inversion H bridge circuit is with closed earth-free coil or be connected greatly; The output of inversion H bridge circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer through the electric current and voltage detecting unit; Battery or generator are connected with inversion H bridge circuit through direct supply; The synchronous triggering unit is connected with the waveform synthesis unit, and keyboard, LCD connect and compose with single-chip microcomputer respectively;
---receiving system is the master-salve distributed acquisition system that master station and acquisition station constitute; It respectively connects two terminal build-out resistors through order wire to both sides by master station, between two terminal build-out resistors through order wire be linked in sequence the 1st acquisition station, the 2nd acquisition station ... The 128th acquisition station constitutes;
Acquisition station be by more than 1 so that N simulated modulation circuit respectively through more than one so that N independently A/D converter be connected with on-site programmable gate array FPGA; On-site programmable gate array FPGA connects clock synchronization circuit, SRAM and single-chip microcomputer respectively; Single-chip microcomputer connects USB flash disk storer, RS485 driver and LCD respectively and constitutes, and battery is supplied power to acquisition station through the DC-DC module.
2. according to the measuring method of the described artificial source's frequency-domian electromagnetic sounding of claim 1 device, it is characterized in that, press following order and step work:
A, survey line is carried out bigness scale earlier; Emission coefficient by the adjacent frequency frequency ratio be 2 or 4 to the underground steady current that infeeds as artificial excitation's field source; The amplitude and the phase place in master-salve distributed each frequency electric field of acquisition system multiple spot synchro measure or magnetic field; Calculate each frequency apparent resistivity and phase differential, measure in the band limits all frequencies and all launch and receive that bigness scale finishes when finishing;
B, field condition carry out rough handling to measurement result fast, draw frequency-apparent resistivity and frequency-phase place pseudosection map, from figure, abnormal area are positioned, and find the corresponding frequency range of abnormal area;
C, to the abnormal area position, in corresponding band limits, encrypting the meticulous measurement of frequency, i.e. detailed survey, the adjacent frequency frequency ratio is 2 during detailed survey
1/m, wherein m is the integer greater than 1;
D, detailed survey finish the on-the-spot figure of one-tenth of back data processing, and whether decision continues to encrypt frequency and measure according to measurement result, the process of repeating step b and step c repeatedly, and progressively the refinement frequency distributes until satisfied resolution requirement to abnormal area.
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