CN109901226B - Controllable source tensor geoelectromagnetic system and control calculation method thereof - Google Patents
Controllable source tensor geoelectromagnetic system and control calculation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system and a control calculation method thereof, wherein the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the receiving end is arranged around the transmitting end as the center; the transmitting end comprises a transmitter, four transmitting electrodes and a power supply, and the transmitter is respectively connected with the four transmitting electrodes and the power supply; the controller is respectively connected with the GPS, the current collector and the H bridge, the H bridge is respectively connected with the four transmitting electrodes through connecting wires, and one connecting wire connected with the transmitting electrodes is connected with the current collector through the Hall sensor; the receiving end comprises one or more receivers, each receiver is provided with four receiving electrodes, and the four receiving electrodes are distributed on positive and negative coordinate axes of an X axis and a Y axis by taking the receiver as an origin. The invention also discloses a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control calculation method. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is not only suitable for detecting two-dimensional or even three-dimensional geologic bodies, but also does not need to consider the geological trend, and is suitable for working in mountainous areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical technology, in particular to a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system and a control calculation method thereof.
Background
The magnetotelluric sounding method is a geophysical prospecting method for researching earth structure by using natural alternating electromagnetic field, and its field source is natural alternating electromagnetic field produced by interaction of earth and solar wind, and has the advantages of low frequency, long wavelength and large sounding depth. The controllable source audio frequency magnetotelluric method is an electromagnetic sounding technology developed in the 70 th century, adopts an artificial long source, has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio, rapidness, high efficiency and the like compared with a natural source magnetotelluric sounding method, is widely applied to multiple fields of mineral resource exploration such as energy, metal, nonmetal and the like in China, hydrology, engineering, environment, disaster address investigation and the like, and plays an important role. However, the highest frequency that can be achieved by the current controllable source audio magnetotelluric system is 9.6KHz, and the relation h is 356 x (rho/f) according to the formula of frequency and skin depth0.5) It can be seen that the frequency range of 0-9.6KHz can be used for measuring underground extremely deep place, because one frequency corresponds to one skin depth, although the depth of the existing depth measurement is deeper, the excavation of the superficial layer of the earth surface is neglected, the detection blind area of the superficial layer target body is large, and when the underground is of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional structure, the underground extremely deep place is not detectedThe method carries out detection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the controllable source tensor geoelectromagnetic system and the control calculation method thereof, which are not only suitable for detecting two-dimensional or even three-dimensional geologic bodies, but also are suitable for working in mountainous areas without considering geological trends.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is arranged around the transmitting end as the center;
the transmitting end comprises a transmitter, first to fourth transmitting electrodes and a power supply, and the transmitter is respectively connected with the first to fourth transmitting electrodes and the power supply; the first transmitting electrode and the third transmitting electrode are arranged at two ends of a first horizontal line, the second transmitting electrode and the fourth transmitting electrode are arranged at two ends of a second horizontal line, and the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line are vertical to each other; the transmitter comprises a controller, a GPS, a current collector, Hall sensors and an H bridge, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the GPS, the current collector and the H bridge, the H bridge is respectively connected with the first transmitting electrode, the second transmitting electrode, the fourth transmitting electrode and the fourth transmitting electrode through connecting wires, and the connecting wire of any transmitting electrode is connected with the current collector through the Hall sensors; the GPS receives signals and sends time signals to the controller, the controller sends out double-wave control signals according to the time signals to control the H bridge to be conducted, the H bridge generates high-voltage heavy current signals with the same frequency to any two transmitting electrodes, and the current collector collects the current of any two transmitting electrodes through the Hall sensor and feeds the current back to the controller; the H bridge generates high-voltage large-current signals with the same frequency to the combination of other two transmitting electrodes, wherein the two transmitting electrodes comprise a first transmitting electrode, a second transmitting electrode, a third transmitting electrode, a fourth transmitting electrode, a first transmitting electrode, a third transmitting electrode and a second transmitting electrode; the current collector sequentially collects six times of current and feeds the current back to the controller;
the receiving end comprises one or more receivers, each receiver is provided with four receiving electrodes, and the four receiving electrodes are distributed on positive and negative coordinate axes of an X axis and a Y axis by taking the receiver as an origin.
Further, the power supply is a series connection structure of a storage battery or a generator and a rectifier which are connected in series.
Further, each receiver is connected with two magnetic probes.
Further, the transmitter and the four transmitting electrodes are all in the same plane.
Further, the receiver and the four receiving electrodes are all in the same plane.
A controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control calculation method is based on a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging any two transmitting electrodes of the transmitter at two ends of a first horizontal line, and arranging the other two transmitting electrodes of the transmitter at two ends of a second horizontal line, wherein the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line are vertical to each other;
s2, arranging one or more receivers around the transmitter;
s3, finding out the working frequency corresponding to the current UTC time according to the existing frequency table;
and S4, gradually starting every two transmitting electrodes, sequentially receiving six different self-power spectrums, cross-power spectrums, electric field strengths and magnetic field strengths by a receiving end, superposing the six self-power spectrums and the cross-power spectrums, and calculating to obtain scalar resistivity and tensor resistivity.
Further, the specific steps of finding the operating frequency corresponding to the current UTC time according to the existing frequency table in step S3 are as follows:
s3.1, assuming that the frequency value to be measured is f once1，f2，……，fNN is the number of frequency points;
s3.2, distributing corresponding measuring time according to the sampling rate and the sampling length of the N frequency points, which are t in sequence1，t2，……，tNThe sum of the frequency measurement time of the N frequency points is the scanning period T;
and S3.3, making a time distribution table based on the UTC time provided by the GNSS, and sequentially and circularly distributing the measurement time of the N frequency points according to the time distribution table.
Further, in step S2, after the receiver is set, two magnetic probes are horizontally placed around the receiver.
Further, the step S4 calculates and obtains the scalar resistivity and the tensor resistivity specifically as follows:
the method for calculating the scalar resistivity comprises the following steps:
where ρ isx、ρyScalar resistivity, freq frequency, E electric field strength, H magnetic field strength;
the tensor resistivity calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the value of (a) is a cross-power spectrum ofComplex values formed by the real and imaginary parts of the EH;
the value of (d) is a self-power spectrum, which is a real number.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can detect two-dimensional and three-dimensional geologic bodies without considering geological trends, and is suitable for working in mountainous areas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a field layout of a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting end of the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system receiver according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter of the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for calculating the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of synchronization of frequency sweep transceiving of a transmitter and a receiver.
In the figure, a transmitter 1, a controller 12, a hall sensor 13, a current collector 14, an H-bridge 15, a GPS 16, a first transmitting electrode 21, a second transmitting electrode 22, a third transmitting electrode 23, a fourth transmitting electrode 24, a transmitting terminal 3, a receiver 4, a receiving electrode 5, and a power supply 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system includes a transmitting end 3 and a receiving end, and the receiving end is disposed around the transmitting end 3 as a center.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmitting terminal 3 includes a transmitter 1, a first transmitting electrode 21, a second transmitting electrode 22, a third transmitting electrode 23, and a fourth transmitting electrode 24, the transmitter 1 is respectively connected to the first transmitting electrode 21, the second transmitting electrode 22, the third transmitting electrode 23, and the fourth transmitting electrode 24, wherein the first transmitting electrode 21 and the third transmitting electrode 23 are disposed at two ends of a first horizontal line, the second transmitting electrode 22 and the fourth transmitting electrode 24 are disposed at two ends of a second horizontal line, the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line are perpendicular to each other, and the transmitter 1 and the four transmitting electrodes are all in the same plane.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmitting terminal 3 further includes a power supply 6, the power supply 6 is connected to the transmitter 1, and the power supply 6 is a series structure of a series battery or a series generator and a series rectifier. The transmitter 1 comprises a controller 12, a GPS 16, a current collector 14, a Hall sensor 13 and an H bridge 15, wherein the controller 12 is respectively connected with the GPS 16, the current collector 14 and the H bridge 15, the H bridge 15 is respectively connected with a first transmitting electrode 21, a second transmitting electrode 22, a third transmitting electrode 23 and a fourth transmitting electrode 24 through connecting wires, and the connecting wire of the third transmitting electrode 23 is connected with the current collector 14 through the Hall sensor 13; the GPS 16 receives signals and sends time signals to the controller 12, the controller 12 sends out double-wave control signals according to the time signals to control the H bridge 15 to be conducted, the H bridge 15 generates high-voltage heavy current signals with the same frequency to the first transmitting electrode 21 and the second transmitting electrode 22, and the current collector 14 collects currents of the first transmitting electrode 21 and the second transmitting electrode 22 through the Hall sensor 13 and feeds the currents back to the controller 12; the H bridge 15 generates high-voltage large-current signals with the same frequency to the combination of other two transmitting electrodes, wherein the two transmitting electrodes comprise a first transmitting electrode 22, a second transmitting electrode 22, a third transmitting electrode 23, a third transmitting electrode 24, a fourth transmitting electrode 21, a third transmitting electrode 23, a second transmitting electrode 24 and a fourth transmitting electrode 24; the current collector 14 collects six times of current in turn and feeds the current back to the controller 12.
As shown in fig. 4, the receiving end includes one or more receivers 4, each receiver 4 has four receiving electrodes 5, the four receiving electrodes 5 are distributed on the positive and negative coordinate axes of the X axis and the Y axis with the receiver 4 as the origin, the receiver 4 and the four receiving electrodes 5 are all in the same plane, and each receiver 4 is connected with two magnetic probes.
As shown in fig. 5, a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control calculation method, using a controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system, includes the following steps:
s1, disposing the second transmitting electrode 22 and the fourth transmitting electrode 24 of the transmitter 1 at two ends of a first horizontal line, disposing the first transmitting electrode 21 and the third transmitting electrode 23 of the transmitter 1 at two ends of a second horizontal line, the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line being perpendicular to each other;
s2, arranging one or more receivers 4 around the transmitter 1;
in this embodiment, after the receiver 4 is set, two magnetic probes are horizontally placed around the receiver 4.
As shown in fig. 6, S3, finding the operating frequency corresponding to the current UTC time according to the existing frequency table; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s3.1, assuming that the frequency value to be measured is f once1，f2，……，fNN is the number of frequency points;
s3.2, distributing corresponding measuring time according to the sampling rate and the sampling length of the N frequency points, which are t in sequence1，t2，……，tNThe sum of the frequency measurement time of the N frequency points is the scanning period T;
and S3.3, making a time distribution table based on the UTC time provided by the GNSS, and sequentially and circularly distributing the measurement time of the N frequency points according to the time distribution table.
GNSS is an abbreviation of Global Navigation Satellite System, Global Navigation Satellite System. UTC is a time measurement system for coordinating universal time, which is based on atomic hour-second length and is as close to universal time as possible in time. The data element and exchange format information exchange date and time representation method (GB/T7408-1994) adopted by ISO 8601-1988 in China is called international coordination time, and the current standard number is GB/T7408-2005, 2005-10-01, which replaces the original GB/T7408-1994. Taiwan adopts "information element and exchange format-information exchange-representation of date and time" of CNS 7648 (similar to ISO 8601) which is called universal time in the world.
For the transmitting process, the transmitter 1 reads the current time of the GNSS as the transmitting start time, and finds the frequency f to be transmitted currently from the time allocation table according to the transmitting start timekThen, thenFrom the next frequency point fk+1Starting to synchronously transmit according to a time distribution table; for the receiving process, the receiver 4 reads the current time of the GPS 16 as the receiving starting time, and finds the frequency f currently being transmitted from the time allocation table according to the receiving starting timeRThen from the next frequency point fR+1And setting corresponding sampling frequency for synchronous acquisition. Due to the adoption of the working mode of cyclic transceiving, when the first measurement frequency point fR+1Before the frequency sweep is finished again, the transmitter 1 is always in a transmitting state in each frequency distribution time, and the receiver 4 only carries out acquisition in the time distribution table period, so that the transmitting system is ensured to establish a stable electromagnetic field in the data recording period.
And S4, gradually starting every two transmitting electrodes, sequentially receiving six different self-power spectrums, cross-power spectrums, electric field strengths and magnetic field strengths by the receiving end, superposing the six self-power spectrums and the cross-power spectrums, and calculating scalar resistivity and tensor resistivity. The receiving electrode 5 of the receiver 4 measures the electric field intensity, and the magnetic probe measures the magnetic field intensity; as shown in fig. 2, the first emitter electrode 21 and the second emitter electrode 22 are powered, and the emitted electromagnetic field is in the direction of the electromagnetic field 1; the second emitter electrode 22 and the third emitter electrode 23 are powered, the direction of the emitted electromagnetic field is an electromagnetic field 2, the third emitter electrode 23 and the fourth emitter electrode 24 are powered, and the direction of the emitted electromagnetic field is an electromagnetic field 3; the first emitter electrode 21 and the fourth emitter electrode 24 are powered, and the emitted electromagnetic field is in the direction of the electromagnetic field 4; the second transmitting electrode 22 and the fourth transmitting electrode 24 are powered, and the transmitted electromagnetic field direction is the electromagnetic field 5; the first emitter electrode 21 and the third emitter electrode 23 are powered, and the emitted electromagnetic field is in the direction of the electromagnetic field 6.
Step S4 calculates and obtains the scalar resistivity and the tensor resistivity specifically as follows:
the method for calculating the scalar resistivity comprises the following steps:
where ρ isx、ρyScalar resistivity, freq frequency, E electric field strength, H magnetic field strength;
the tensor resistivity calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the value of (a) is a cross-power spectrum, which is a complex value formed by the real part and the imaginary part of EH;
the value of (d) is a self-power spectrum, which is a real number.
The controllable tensor magnetotelluric system and the control calculation method can work under complex geological conditions, can detect two-dimensional and three-dimensional geologic bodies, do not need to consider geological trends, and are suitable for working in mountainous areas.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art; the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; these modifications and substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to depart from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be covered by the claims and the specification of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system, characterized by: the receiving end is arranged around the transmitting end as the center;
the transmitting end comprises a transmitter, first to fourth transmitting electrodes and a power supply, and the transmitter is respectively connected with the first to fourth transmitting electrodes and the power supply; the first and third transmitting electrodes are arranged at two ends of a first horizontal line, the second and fourth transmitting electrodes are arranged at two ends of a second horizontal line, and the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line are vertical to each other; the transmitter comprises a controller, a GPS, a current collector, Hall sensors and an H bridge, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the GPS, the current collector and the H bridge, the H bridge is respectively connected with the first transmitting electrode, the second transmitting electrode, the fourth transmitting electrode and the fourth transmitting electrode through connecting wires, and the connecting wire of any transmitting electrode is connected with the current collector through the Hall sensors; the GPS receives signals and sends time signals to the controller, the controller sends out double-wave control signals according to the time signals to control the H bridge to be conducted, the H bridge generates high-voltage heavy current signals with the same frequency to any two transmitting electrodes, and the current collector collects the current of any two transmitting electrodes through the Hall sensor and feeds the current back to the controller; the H bridge generates high-voltage large-current signals with the same frequency to the combination of other two transmitting electrodes, wherein the two transmitting electrodes comprise a first transmitting electrode, a second transmitting electrode, a third transmitting electrode, a fourth transmitting electrode, a first transmitting electrode, a third transmitting electrode and a second transmitting electrode; starting every two transmitting electrodes one by one, and sequentially receiving six different self-power spectrums, cross-power spectrums, electric field strengths and magnetic field strengths by a receiving end; the current collector sequentially collects six times of current and feeds the current back to the controller;
the receiving end comprises one or more receivers, each receiver is provided with four receiving electrodes, and the four receiving electrodes are distributed on positive and negative coordinate axes of an X axis and a Y axis by taking the receiver as an origin.
2. The controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system of claim 1, wherein: the power supply is a series structure of a storage battery or a generator and a rectifier which are connected in series.
3. The controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system of claim 1, wherein: each receiver is connected with two magnetic probes.
4. The controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system of claim 1, wherein: the transmitter and the four transmitting electrodes are all in the same plane.
5. The controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system of claim 1, wherein: the receiver and the four receiving electrodes are all in the same plane.
6. A controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control calculation method based on the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging any two transmitting electrodes of the transmitter at two ends of a first horizontal line, and arranging the other two transmitting electrodes of the transmitter at two ends of a second horizontal line, wherein the first horizontal line and the second horizontal line are vertical to each other;
s2, arranging one or more receivers around the transmitter;
s3, finding out the working frequency corresponding to the current UTC time according to the existing frequency table;
and S4, gradually starting every two transmitting electrodes, sequentially receiving six different self-power spectrums, cross-power spectrums, electric field strengths and magnetic field strengths by a receiving end, superposing the six self-power spectrums and the cross-power spectrums, and calculating to obtain scalar resistivity and tensor resistivity.
7. The method for calculating magnetotelluric control of a controllable source tensor according to claim 6, wherein the specific step of finding the operating frequency corresponding to the current UTC time according to the existing frequency table in step S3 is as follows:
s3.1, assuming that the frequency value to be measured is f once1，f2，……，fNN is the number of frequency points;
s3.2, distributing corresponding measuring time according to the sampling rate and the sampling length of the N frequency points, which are t in sequence1，t2，……，tNThe sum of the frequency measurement time of the N frequency points is the scanning period T;
and S3.3, making a time distribution table based on the UTC time provided by the GNSS, and sequentially and circularly distributing the measurement time of the N frequency points according to the time distribution table.
8. The method for calculating magnetotelluric control of the controllable source tensor of claim 6, wherein in step S2, two magnetic probes are horizontally placed around the receiver after the receiver is set.
9. The method for calculating the controllable source tensor magnetotelluric control of claim 6, wherein the step S4 of calculating the scalar resistivity and the tensor resistivity specifically includes:
the method for calculating the scalar resistivity comprises the following steps:
where ρ isx、ρyIs scalar resistivity, freq isFrequency, E is the electric field strength, and H is the magnetic field strength;
the tensor resistivity calculation method comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the value of (a) is a cross-power spectrum, which is a complex value formed by the real part and the imaginary part of EH;
the value of (d) is a self-power spectrum, which is a real number.
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