CN111694061A - Multi-dipole-source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration - Google Patents
Multi-dipole-source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN111694061A CN111694061A CN202010404737.5A CN202010404737A CN111694061A CN 111694061 A CN111694061 A CN 111694061A CN 202010404737 A CN202010404737 A CN 202010404737A CN 111694061 A CN111694061 A CN 111694061A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
- G01V2003/084—Sources
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-dipole source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which adopts alternating current power supply and comprises: the combined dipole source is formed by combining a first electric dipole source and a second electric dipole source which have an included angle alpha, and the synthetic emission source of the combined dipole source is formed by superposing the first dipole source and the second dipole source according to the vector synthesis principle; the side frame body is folded upwards and clamped into a bayonet on the side face of the box cover for storage, and the side frame body is unfolded downwards until the side frame body is abutted with the protection plate to form a supporting leg for supporting the protection plate; the invention provides a multi-dipole source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which develops an emission source of an L-shaped device and solves the problems in the existing CSAMT measurement by utilizing the vector synthesis theory of a dipole source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-dipole source emission device and an application technology thereof in exploration.
Background
The Controlled Source audio frequency Magnetotelluric (CSAMT) is an artificial Source electromagnetic sounding method developed from Magnetotelluric (MT). The method has the characteristics of strong anti-interference capability and high signal-to-noise ratio due to the use of the artificial field source. The purpose of detecting different depths can be achieved only by changing the frequency, and the method has the characteristic of rapidness and rapidness. In recent years, CSAMT has played an increasingly important role in the exploration of metal ores, geothermal energy, groundwater, and oil and gas, and has become an important method in geophysical exploration.
However, in CSAMT measurement, most of the existing emission sources are single dipole sources, and from a theoretically calculated radiation pattern, it can be seen that each component of the electromagnetic field has a certain weak area within a 360 ° field angle range. In order to ensure the data quality, the measurement region has strict limitation, generally requires measurement in a sector region with 60 degrees of the central axis of a dipole source, the length of the dipole source is in the range of 1-3Km, and is limited by the wave zone condition, and the transmitting-receiving distance is generally 10-15 Km. In rugged mountainous areas, sometimes, it is difficult to meet these harsh conditions, so that normal measurement work cannot be performed, and even if the work is reluctant, it is difficult to ensure data quality. Therefore, the invention develops an L-shaped device source consisting of two dipole sources, and adopts a new technology when transmitting signals, so that each component has no weak area in the field angle range of 360 degrees, and the limitation that the measurement is only carried out in the included angle range of 60 degrees of the central axis of the dipole source in the traditional measurement mode is broken through.
In addition, the applicant finds that most emission source devices on the market are portable box-type structures, and often need to be carried by hands or hold a plurality of accessories such as probes, supporting legs and the like, and the emission source devices are often damaged in outdoor severe weather and exploration roads because the boxes do not have a protection function, and extra protection measures are too heavy and are not suitable for being carried on the outdoor roads.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior dipole source emitting device, the application provides a multi-dipole source emitting device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which adopts alternating current power supply and comprises:
the combined dipole source is formed by combining a first electric dipole source and a second electric dipole source which form an included angle alpha, and a synthetic emission source of the combined dipole source is formed by superposing the first dipole source and the second dipole source according to a vector synthesis principle.
The box cover is arranged above the box body and is hinged with the box body, a protrusion is formed by outwards extending the periphery of the box cover, a vertically-penetrating slotted hole is formed in the periphery of the outer side wall of the protrusion, an opening is formed in the edge of the slotted hole, and a bayonet with a limiting effect is formed by the opening and the slotted hole.
The protective frame comprises a protective plate and a side frame body, wherein the protective plate is wrapped around the box body, the protective plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body, the end part of the side frame body is connected with the edge of the protective plate through a hinge, the side frame body rotates along the hinge, the side frame body is upwards folded and clamped into a bayonet on the side face of the box cover to be accommodated, and the side frame body downwards expands to a supporting leg which is abutted against the protective plate to form a supporting protective plate.
Preferably, the following steps: and an included angle alpha between the first dipole source and the second dipole source is a right angle.
Preferably, the following steps: the measurement mode adopted by the multi-dipole source emission device is tensor measurement.
Preferably, the following steps: the movable end of the side frame body is also provided with a connecting part in threaded connection, the connecting part is screwed along the direction close to the movable end and loosened along the direction far away from the movable end, and the connecting part is screwed and abutted against the top surface of the box cover in the storage state of the side frame body to limit the side frame body to be separated from the bayonet.
Preferably, the following steps: the side frame body is the inside cavity tube-shape, and the cavity hole shape is oval to cup joint the telescopic link that cross-section and elliptical aperture match in the section of thick bamboo, the telescopic link surface is inlayed and is equipped with the smooth pearl, the inboard of side frame body is equipped with the slide rail and is equipped with the spacing groove that the restriction smooth pearl breaks away from at the tip of slide rail.
Preferably, the following steps: the guard plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and is horizontally and rotatably connected with the bottom of the box body through a bearing.
Preferably, the following steps: the multi-dipole source emission device is internally provided with a current conversion device, the current conversion device is provided with four pins which are respectively a positive terminal, a negative terminal, a first binding post and a second binding post, the positive terminal is selectively connected with the 1 or 2 binding post, and the negative terminal is connected with the other remaining binding post.
Preferably, the following steps: the voltage period of the emission source of the multi-dipole source emission device is divided into two half periods, in the first half period, the first electric dipole and the second electric dipole emit the same waveform voltage, and in the second half period, the second electric dipole source emits the waveform voltage opposite to that of the first electric dipole.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a multi-dipole source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which develops an emission source of an L-shaped device and solves the problems in the existing CSAMT measurement by utilizing the vector synthesis theory of a dipole source. The first application of the "L" type device source is to change the current situation that the CSAMT measurement can only be measured in a certain opening angle range, but not in a 360 ° opening angle range.
Compared with the traditional CSAMT vector or tensor measurement method which needs to lay two dipole sources in each direction, the device can reduce the number of laying the dipole sources in the survey: because the emission sources can be arranged in different places instead of two times in one period, the interference of external random noise can be reduced, the influence of shadow effect and copy effect on the interpretation result can be reduced, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and time is reduced. While changing the direction of the current, in order not to increase the number of transmitters.
Structurally, with traditional support frame and box unite two into one at emitter to the structure and the connection structure of support frame again, have concurrently to the safeguard function around the box when making it conveniently accomodate, need not additionally carry heavier safeguard measure, the survey surface of different angles is conveniently dealt with to flexible length, has alleviateed the work load of surveying.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combination of "L" type sources in a multi-dipole source emitting device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another combination of "L" -shaped sources in a multi-dipole source emitting device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of "L" type source vector synthesis;
FIG. 4 is a graph of apparent resistance comparison obtained for two sources over a uniform half-space;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a dipole source versus source electric field vector for an "L" shaped device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the voltage cycle of the emission signal of the "L" type source;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a current converting apparatus;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-dipole source emitting device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 8:
specifically, the principle and calculation of the L-type dipole source in the multi-dipole source transmitting device of the present invention are illustrated in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior dipole source electrode arrangement, the invention designs a novel L-shaped source, the electrode arrangement mode of the source is shown as figure 1, the direction of an arrow in figures 1 and 2 represents the direction of current at a certain moment, and the source is equivalent to the combination of the prior two single electric dipole sources which are vertical to each other. Electric dipole source 1 is at (x)0,y0) The electromagnetic field strength generated by the point is
Electric dipole source 2 at (x)0,y0) The electromagnetic field strength generated is
According to the superposition principle of electromagnetic fields, the L-type source position (x) can be obtained0,y0) The electromagnetic field intensity generated is as follows (1):
now, the "L" type source is simplified as shown in fig. 3, and it is assumed that both the source 1 and the source 2 can be regarded as electric dipole sources, the lengths are a and b, respectively, the included angle between the two is 90 °, and the emission current is I when sharing the center point. The coordinate direction defines that the direction of the source 1 is the direction of an x axis, the direction of the source 2 is the direction of a y axis, and the directions are (x) according to the expression of the electric dipole source in a uniform half space0,y0) The electric field intensity of (A) is as follows (2):
in the formula (2), the superscripts 1 and 2 respectively represent a source 1 and a source 2, subscripts x and y respectively represent directions along x and y, I is emission current, rho is uniform half-space resistivity, r is transceiving distance, k is wave number, and theta is an included angle formed by r and the source 1.
Let α be the following formula (3):
according to equation (1), now calculate source 1 and source 2 as (x)0,y0) Electric field strength in the α and α +90 ° directions, respectively:
the electromagnetic field follows the principle of vector synthesis, i.e. a plurality of dipole sources can be superposed according to the principle of vector synthesis, and the electromagnetic field generated by the superposed dipole sources at a certain point is equal to the electromagnetic field generated by the dipole sources at the point respectively. According to the vector synthesis principle, the source 1 and source 2 should be synthesized to have a source length of
An angle of α with respect to source 1 is also obtained from the relationship of a single dipole source:
in order to verify the correctness of the formula and the program, a uniform half space 100 Ω. m model is specially made for comparison, and an apparent resistivity formula is utilized:
the variation of apparent resistivity from 1Hz to 104Hz when the source transmitting-receiving distance of the single dipole source and the L-shaped device is 10Km is respectively calculated, as shown in figure 4. It can be seen from the figure that the apparent resistivities obtained by the two types of device sources are identical except for a slight difference in the low-frequency band resistivity value, which indicates that the formula and procedure for obtaining the components of the "L" type device source are correct and reliable, and also indicates that the "L" type device source can be well applied to CSAMT measurement.
Fig. 5 is a vector diagram of an electric field, in which the length represents the electric field strength and the direction represents the electric field direction. FIG. 5(a) is a current vector diagram of an electric dipole source with a length of 2Km, and an electric field can be seen from the diagram to flow from one end of the source to the other end of the source and flow along an arc direction; the electric field strength is strongest near the source. Fig. 5(b) and 5(c) are current vector diagrams of an "L" type device source composed of two electric dipole sources with a length of 2Km and an included angle of 90 degrees, wherein a red line in the diagrams represents an actual electric dipole source, an arrow represents a current direction, and the electric dipole sources can be superimposed into a pink source in the diagrams according to a vector superposition principle.
The invention redesigns the emission signal, the emission source voltage period of the multi-dipole source emission device is divided into two half periods, in the first half period, the first electric dipole and the second electric dipole emit the same waveform voltage, in the second half period, the second electric dipole source emits the waveform voltage opposite to the first electric dipole, as shown in figure 6, in the 1 st period of 6(a), the device source is equivalent to 1(b) source, and in the 2 nd period, the source is equivalent to 1(a) source. Now two periods are combined into a periodic emission signal, and the requirement that the angular range of 360 degrees in one period is met, Ex、Ey、Hx、HyThe strongest moment occurs, and only the strongest component at the corresponding moment is measured during vector measurement, so that E can be measured in one periodx、Ey、Hx、HyFour components, thereby ensuring the equivalence of the signal-to-noise ratio of CSAMT vector measurement; in the tensor measurement, the upper half period and the lower half period are regarded as different dipole sources, and 5 components are measured respectively. Compared with the traditional CSAMT vector or tensor measurement method which needs to arrange dipole sources twice, the method has the following advantagesPoint: because the emission sources can be arranged in different places instead of two times in one period, the interference of external random noise can be reduced, the influence of shadow effect and copy effect on the interpretation result can be reduced, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and time is reduced. The present invention designs a current direction changing apparatus as shown in fig. 7 in order not to increase the number of transmitters while changing the current direction. The + source is selectively connected with the 1 and 2 terminals, the-source is connected with the other terminal, so that the purpose of changing the current can be achieved, and a device for assisting in switching the terminals is added to achieve the purpose of automatic change.
For this reason, the invention also develops a related tensor measurement method on the basis of the "L" type source.
The invention firstly deduces the expression of each component in the L-shaped device source, verifies the correctness of the formula, gives out the radiation pattern diagram of each component of the L-shaped source, and develops a brand new signal transmission mode through the analysis of the radiation pattern diagram; finally, an example of tensor measurement is given, and the advantages of the tensor measurement mode are explained.
The above mainly discusses the case when the angle between the source 1 and the source 2 is 90 °, and the angle between them can be extended to any angle in practice, and still satisfy the principle of vector superposition. In fact, the device source can also be applied to traditional scalar measurement, the source 1 is required to be arranged in a rugged mountain area, the source cannot be arranged due to the limitation of terrain, and the lines in two directions of 2 and 3 can be arranged instead. According to the vector synthesis principle, the sources can be respectively arranged in the directions of 2 lines and 3 lines to achieve the purpose of being arranged in the direction 1, and thus, the work is smoothly completed although partial energy is lost.
Specifically, the structural design of the multi-dipole source transmitting device of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 8, where the multi-dipole source transmitting device is powered by ac, and includes:
the combined dipole source is formed by combining a first electric dipole source and a second electric dipole source which are right-angled, and the synthetic emission source of the combined dipole source is formed by superposing the first dipole source and the second dipole source according to the principle of vector synthesis.
The box cover 1 is arranged above the box body 2 and is hinged with the box body 2, a bulge 1-1 is formed by outward extending shape around the box cover 1, a groove hole which vertically penetrates is formed around the outer side wall of the bulge 1-1, an opening is formed at the edge of the groove hole, and the opening and the groove hole form a bayonet 1-2 with limiting function.
The protective frame 3 consists of a protective plate 3-1 and a side frame body 3-2, the protective plate 3-1 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 2 and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body, the end part of the side frame body 3-2 is connected with the edge of the protective plate 3-1 through a hinge, the side frame body 3-2 rotates along the hinge, the side frame body 3-2 is folded upwards and clamped into a bayonet 1-2 at the side surface of the box cover 1 for storage, the side frame body 3-2 is unfolded downwards to be in contact with the protective plate 3-1 to form a supporting leg 4 for supporting the protective plate 3-1, the movable end of the side frame body 3-2 is also provided with a connecting part 5 in threaded connection, the connecting part is screwed in the direction close to the movable end and loosened in the direction far from the movable end, the connecting part 5 is screwed in the state of contacting the top surface of the box cover 1 to limit the, the side frame body 3-2 is the inside cavity tube-shape, and the cavity hole shape is oval to cup joint the telescopic link that cross-section and elliptical aperture match in the section of thick bamboo, the telescopic link surface inlays and is equipped with the smooth pearl, the inboard of side frame body is equipped with the slide rail and is equipped with the spacing groove that the restriction smooth pearl breaks away from at the tip of slide rail, the backplate sets up case body bottom and pass through the bearing level rotation with the bottom of case body and be connected. A current conversion device is arranged in the multi-dipole source emission device, the current conversion device is provided with four pins which are respectively a positive terminal, a negative terminal, a first binding post and a second binding post, the positive terminal is selectively connected with the 1 or 2 binding post, and the negative terminal is connected with the other remaining binding post.
The invention provides a multi-dipole source emission device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which develops an emission source of an L-shaped device and solves the problems in the existing CSAMT measurement by utilizing the vector synthesis theory of a dipole source. The first application of the "L" type device source is to change the current situation that the CSAMT measurement can only be measured in a certain opening angle range, but not in a 360 ° opening angle range.
Compared with the traditional CSAMT vector or tensor measurement method which needs to lay two dipole sources in each direction, the device can reduce the number of laying the dipole sources in the survey: because the emission sources can be arranged in different places instead of two times in one period, the interference of external random noise can be reduced, the influence of shadow effect and copy effect on the interpretation result can be reduced, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and time is reduced. While changing the direction of the current, in order not to increase the number of transmitters.
Structurally, with traditional support frame and box unite two into one at emitter to the structure and the connection structure of support frame again, have concurrently to the safeguard function around the box when making it conveniently accomodate, need not additionally carry heavier safeguard measure, the survey surface of different angles is conveniently dealt with to flexible length, has alleviateed the work load of surveying.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as the preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make various extensions and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-dipole source transmitting device applied to electromagnetic exploration, which adopts alternating current power supply, is characterized by comprising:
the combined dipole source is formed by combining a first electric dipole source and a second electric dipole source which form an included angle alpha, and a synthetic emission source of the combined dipole source is formed by superposing the first dipole source and the second dipole source according to a vector synthesis principle;
the box cover is arranged above the box body and is hinged with the box body, a bulge is formed by extending the periphery of the box cover outwards, a vertically penetrating slotted hole is formed in the periphery of the outer side wall of the bulge, an opening is formed in the edge of the slotted hole, and a bayonet with a limiting effect is formed by the opening and the slotted hole;
the protective frame comprises a protective plate and a side frame body, wherein the protective plate is wrapped around the box body, the protective plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the box body, the end part of the side frame body is connected with the edge of the protective plate through a hinge, the side frame body rotates along the hinge, the side frame body is upwards folded and clamped into a bayonet on the side face of the box cover to be accommodated, and the side frame body downwards expands to a supporting leg which is abutted against the protective plate to form a supporting protective plate.
2. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: and an included angle alpha between the first dipole source and the second dipole source is a right angle.
3. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the measurement mode adopted by the multi-dipole source emission device is tensor measurement.
4. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the movable end of the side frame body is also provided with a connecting part in threaded connection, the connecting part is screwed along the direction close to the movable end and loosened along the direction far away from the movable end, and the connecting part is screwed and abutted against the top surface of the box cover in the storage state of the side frame body to limit the side frame body to be separated from the bayonet.
5. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the side frame body is the inside cavity tube-shape, and the cavity hole shape is oval to cup joint the telescopic link that cross-section and elliptical aperture match in the section of thick bamboo, the telescopic link surface is inlayed and is equipped with the smooth pearl, the inboard of side frame body is equipped with the slide rail and is equipped with the spacing groove that the restriction smooth pearl breaks away from at the tip of slide rail.
6. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the guard plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and is horizontally and rotatably connected with the bottom of the box body through a bearing.
7. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the multi-dipole source emission device is internally provided with a current conversion device, the current conversion device is provided with four pins which are respectively a positive terminal, a negative terminal, a first binding post and a second binding post, the positive terminal is selectively connected with the 1 or 2 binding post, and the negative terminal is connected with the other remaining binding post.
8. A multi-dipole source transmitter apparatus for use in electromagnetic surveying as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the voltage period of the emission source of the multi-dipole source emission device is divided into two half periods, in the first half period, the first electric dipole and the second electric dipole emit the same waveform voltage, and in the second half period, the second electric dipole source emits the waveform voltage opposite to that of the first electric dipole.
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