Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of 20CrNiMo material duplicate gear
Heat treatment method has the effect of enhancing the service life after duplicate gear heat treatment.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention technical scheme is that:A kind of 20CrNiMo material duplex
The heat treatment method of gear, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
S1:Shove charge immerses workpiece in gluconic acid barium solution after 1-2min, after workpiece is taken out and drained, then by workpiece
It uniformly lays flat to mounting rack, finally mounting rack is placed in carburizer;
S2:Heating, to 915-925 DEG C and keeps 25-35min for carburizer continuous heating;
S3:It is strong to seep, it remains temperature-resistant, methanol and propane is passed through into carburizer, the rate of addition of methanol is 45-
The speed that is passed through of 50ml/min, propane are 7-8L/min, keep 410-430min;
S4:Diffusion,
S41, maintenance temperature inconvenience, reduction methanol and propane are passed through content, and the rate of addition of methanol is 35-40ml/
The speed that is passed through of min, propane are 5-6L/min, keep 190-210min;
S42, reduces the content that is passed through of methanol and propane again, and the rate of addition of methanol is 25-30ml/min, propane it is logical
Entering speed is 3-4L/min, while continued down keeps 8-12min to after 865-875 DEG C;
S5:It is cooling, the constant temperature in carburizer is cooled to 105-115 DEG C;
S6:It tears furnace open, all workpiece is removed from mounting rack.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, before workpiece carbonization, first workpiece is immersed in gluconic acid barium solution, when workpiece starts
When carburizing, gluconic acid barium is thermally decomposed, the ion and group after gluconic acid barium decomposes at this time with methanol and propane gas together
It penetrates into workpiece, and then effectively raises the hardness after heat treatment of workpieces, enhance service life when workpiece uses.Again
By the way that carburizer is heated to 915-925 DEG C and keeps 25-35min, so that the temperature in carburizer reaches the temperature that workpiece seeps by force
Degree, while making carburizer be in temperature constant state, and then be conducive to the strong infiltration of workpiece.Pass through the strong infiltration process of 410-430min
So that the surface hardness of workpiece reaches requirement, while by the diffusion in two stages so that the phosphorus content of the centre hardness of workpiece
Reach requirement, and then ensure that the surface hardness of workpiece and centre hardness reach hardness requirement, reaches enhancing duplicate gear
The effect of service life after heat treatment.
The further setting of the present invention is:The carbon potential CP that S2 seeps by force the stage is 1.1 ± 0.05.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, because the excessively high phosphorus content that will lead to workpiece of carbon potential increases, phosphorus content increases meeting
The surface of workpiece is caused carbon black occur, so that workpiece is more crisp, i.e., workpiece is easy to happen fracture or damage, and then leads to workpiece not
It is up to standard.Again because the too low phosphorus content that will lead to workpiece of carbon potential reduces, phosphorus content reduces the hardness that can reduce workpiece surface, drop
The bearing capacity of low workpiece surface, and then the service life of workpiece is reduced, therefore workpiece is made by 915-925 DEG C of high temperature
The carbon potential CP in strong infiltration stage be 1.1 ± 0.05 it is further effective to increase so that the phosphorus content of workpiece reaches requirement just
The service life of workpiece.
The further setting of the present invention is:The time that S2 seeps by force the stage is 420min.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, because the soaking time for seeping the stage by force is to influence the main factor of carbon potential, when
Between the excessively high phosphorus content that will lead to workpiece increase so that workpiece is more crisp, and then reduce the service life of workpiece.Again because of the time
The too low phosphorus content that will will lead to workpiece is not up to standard, while the carburizing that will lead to workpiece is uneven, thereby reduces workpiece surface
Hardness, can equally reduce the service life of workpiece, therefore set 420min for soaking time so that under the time state,
The phosphorus content of workpiece surface reaches hardness standard, and then avoids the workpiece after heat treatment excessively crisp or excessively soft, and then effectively increase
The service life of workpiece.
The further setting of the present invention is:The carbon potential CP of S41 diffusion phase is 0.8 ± 0.05.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, diffusion phase refers to that carbon penetrates into the center portion of workpiece, because of the center portion position of workpiece
Phosphorus content to be lower than the phosphorus content of workpiece surface, but the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion again cannot be too low, because of workpiece center portion
Phosphorus content is too low, and to will lead to workpiece center portion softer, and then causes to be easy to happen deformation in workpiece use process;Workpiece center portion contains
Carbon amounts is excessively high and to will lead to workpiece center portion more crisp, and then causes to be easy to happen fracture in workpiece use process.Therefore carbon potential CP is
0.8 ± 0.05 makes the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion can achieve hardness required for workpiece, and further the effective workpiece that increases makes
Use the service life.
The further setting of the present invention is:The time of S41 diffusion phase is 200min.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, because the diffusion time too long phosphorus content that will lead to workpiece center portion increases, equally
Meeting is so that workpiece is easy to happen fracture;The diffusion time too short phosphorus content that can similarly reduce workpiece center portion is easy workpiece
Bend deformation, therefore sets 200min for soaking time, so that the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion reaches under the time state
It to hardness standard, and then avoids the workpiece after heat treatment excessively crisp or excessively soft, and then effectively increases the service life of workpiece.
The further setting of the present invention is:The carbon potential CP of S42 diffusion phase is 0.7 ± 0.05.
It is needed when carrying out step S42 by descent of temperature by using above-mentioned technical proposal, so that the temperature of workpiece
Degree decline, decarburization phenomenon can occur for workpiece at this time, therefore again by the slow carburizing of step S42, the carbon completion that workpiece is lost,
And makes carburizing process more uniform, effectively raise the hardness of workpiece surface and workpiece center portion, and then improve work
The service life of part.
The further setting of the present invention is:The time of S42 diffusion phase is 10min.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, 10min is set by the time of S42 diffusion phase, so that the infiltration of workpiece center portion
Carbon process is more uniform, and then can effectively reduce the deformation quantity of workpiece, while each position of workpiece center portion is contained
Carbon amounts is in consistent, effectively raises the hardness of workpiece center portion, improves the service life of workpiece.
The further setting of the present invention is:Stokehold is torn open to need each inspection of the workpiece of the upper and lower quadrangle of mounting rack one, it is to be checked
Furnace can be just torn open after surveying qualification.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal because the workpiece of mounting rack quadrangle be easiest to occur in heat treatment it is not up to standard existing
As, therefore by the workpiece inspection of quadrangle, when the workpiece when quadrangle is up to standard, it was demonstrated that other workpiece have reached standard, Jin Erli simultaneously
It uses the workpiece of quadrangle as object of reference, can conveniently learn the qualified degree of whole furnaceman's part.
The further setting of the present invention is:Carburizer carries out next furnace after needing air-cooled 60min again.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, carburizer after use, understands residual methanol and propane, when with phase in carburizer
When passing through methanol and propane with low speed and content, remaining methanol and propane will increase the methanol and third in furnace originally
Alkane content, and then the workpiece of next furnace can be impacted, therefore after air-cooled 60min, the methanol and propane in carburizer are complete
Full discharge is clean, and then improves next furnace heat treatment of workpieces precision.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that:
1. before workpiece carbonization, first immersing workpiece in gluconic acid barium solution, when workpiece starts carburizing, gluconic acid barium is heated
It decomposes, the ion and group after gluconic acid barium decomposes at this time penetrate into workpiece together with methanol and propane gas, and then effectively
The hardness improved after heat treatment of workpieces, enhance workpiece use when service life.
2. by the strong infiltration stage of 915-925 DEG C of high temperature and 420min, so that the carbon in the strong infiltration stage of workpiece surface
Gesture CP is 1.1 ± 0.05, so that the phosphorus content of workpiece surface reaches requirement just, and then effectively increases the use longevity of workpiece
Life;
3. by the first dispersal phase and 865-875 DEG C of high temperature of 915-925 DEG C of high temperature and 200min and
The second diffusion phase of 10min avoids the deformation that bends when work so that the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion reaches requirement just
Or fracture, further effectively increase the service life of workpiece;
4. reducing remaining methanol by carrying out next furnace again after meeting residual methanol and propane in carburizer are discharged
And influence of the propane to next furnaceman's part, and then improve next furnace heat treatment of workpieces precision.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail below.
A kind of heat treatment method of 20CrNiMo material duplicate gear, includes the following steps:
S1:Shove charge immerses workpiece in gluconic acid barium solution after 1-2min, after workpiece is taken out and drained, then by workpiece
It uniformly lays flat to mounting rack, finally mounting rack is placed in carburizer;
Before workpiece carbonization, first workpiece is immersed in gluconic acid barium solution, when workpiece starts carburizing, outer surface of workpiece
Gluconic acid barium is thermally decomposed, and the ion and group after gluconic acid barium decomposes at this time penetrate into work with methanol and propane gas together
In part, and then the hardness after heat treatment of workpieces is effectively raised, enhances service life when workpiece uses.
S2:Carburizer continuous heating to 915-925 DEG C and is kept 25-35min, is preferably heated to 920 DEG C by heating;
S3:It is strong to seep, it remains temperature-resistant in furnace, methanol and propane is passed through into carburizer, wherein the dropwise addition speed of methanol
Degree is 45-50ml/min, and the speed that is passed through of propane is 7-8L/min, keeps 410-430min, preferably remains 420min, at this time
The carbon potential CP that workpiece is in strong and seeps the stage, and seep the stage by force is 1.1 ± 0.05;
Because carbon potential is excessively high and the too long phosphorus content increase that will will lead to workpiece of soaking time, phosphorus content increase will lead to
There is carbon black in the surface of workpiece, so that workpiece is more crisp, i.e., is easy to happen fracture or damage in the workpiece course of work, and then cause
Workpiece is not up to standard, reduces the service life of workpiece.Again because carbon potential is too low and soaking time is too short will lead to the carbon containing of workpiece
Amount reduces, and phosphorus content reduces the hardness that can reduce workpiece surface, and then reduces the bearing capacity of workpiece surface, same reduction work
The service life of part.
Therefore, it is 1.1 ± 0.05 that the carbon potential CP in the strong infiltration stage of workpiece is made by 915-925 DEG C of high temperature, and will
Soaking time is set as 420min, so that the phosphorus content of workpiece surface reaches requirement just, effective increase workpiece uses the longevity
Life.
S4:Diffusion,
S41, maintenance in-furnace temperature inconvenience, reduction methanol and propane are passed through content, and the rate of addition of methanol is 35-
The speed that is passed through of 40ml/min, propane are 5-6L/min, keep 190-210min, preferably remain 200min, workpiece is at this time
The first dispersal phase, and the carbon potential CP of the first dispersal phase is 0.8 ± 0.05;
S42, reduces the content that is passed through of methanol and propane again, and the rate of addition of methanol is 25-30ml/min, propane it is logical
Entering speed is 3-4L/min, while continued down keeps 8-12min, preferably remain 10min, at this time work to after 865-875 DEG C
Part is in the second diffusion phase, and the carbon potential CP of the second diffusion phase is 0.7 ± 0.05;
Diffusion phase refers to that carbon penetrates into the center portion of workpiece, because the phosphorus content of the center portion position of workpiece will be lower than workpiece surface
Phosphorus content, but the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion again cannot be too low.Because the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion is too low to will lead to the workpiece heart
Portion is softer, and then causes to be easy to happen deformation in workpiece use process;The phosphorus content of workpiece center portion is excessively high and will lead to the workpiece heart
Portion is more crisp, and then causes to be easy to happen fracture in workpiece use process.
Therefore by two diffusion phases of S41 and S42 the phosphorus content of workpiece center portion can achieve required for workpiece
Hardness, and then effectively increase workpiece service life.Make the infiltration of workpiece center portion by two diffusion phases of S41 and S42 simultaneously
Carbon process is more uniform, and then can effectively reduce the deformation quantity of heat treatment of workpieces process, while making each of workpiece center portion
The phosphorus content of a position is in consistent, effectively raises the hardness of workpiece center portion, improves the service life of workpiece.
S5:It is cooling, the temperature in carburizer is cooled to rapidly 105-115 DEG C;
S6:It tears furnace open, first by each inspection of the workpiece of the upper and lower quadrangle of mounting rack one, it is hard that surface is detected by Rockwell apparatus
Degree and centre hardness detect effective layer depth of carburizing, effective layer depth of the inspection workpiece of the present embodiment by metallographic microscope
For 1.4-1.7mm, qualified products are consequently belonging to, then remove all workpiece from mounting rack.
After all workpiece are all removed, after the air-cooled 60min of carburizer, by meeting residual methanol and propane in carburizer
Next furnace is carried out after being discharged again, and then is avoided when with identical low speed and content by methanol and propane, it is originally remaining
Methanol and propane will increase methanol and propane content in furnace, it will impact to the workpiece of next furnace, therefore air-cooled
After 60min, the methanol and propane in carburizer are clean by complete discharge, and then reduce remaining methanol and propane under
The influence of one furnaceman's part improves next furnace heat treatment of workpieces precision.