CN108864070A - 一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物及其制备方法。本发明通过在电子给体吩噁嗪取代电子受体二苯甲酮的衍生物结构中引入吡啶官能团,改变材料的电子供体和受体的分布情况,合成新型的可单独作为OLED器件发光层的TADF有机荧光材料:化合物m‑Pxy2BBP‑1:和m‑Pxy2BBP‑2:。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,有机电致发光器件(OLEDs)在基础研究、材料开发、器件制备工艺等方面发展迅速,因其优于传统显示照明的各项性能而备受追捧。如今,它已基本完成了从实验室研究走向工业化制备的进程。
OLEDs性能的优劣与其有机发光材料的选择休戚相关。其中,传统荧光和磷光材料因存在明显的不足,如发光效率低等而限制了进一步发展与应用。新兴的TADF材料采用纯有机分子,不含有重金属原子,成本较低,对环境无污染,能够通过热活化发生系间反向窜越形成延迟荧光,具有100%的激子利用率。因此,作为第三代有机发光材料其拥有巨大的市场前景。
然而,传统有机分子的S1能级比T1能级高约0.5~1.0 eV,不满足热活化的条件。因此,只有通过合理的分子设计,使得∆EST下降至足够低(一般为0.3 eV以下),才能满足热活化的条件。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物及其制备方法。本发明通过合理的分子设计在电子给体吩噁嗪取代电子受体二苯甲酮的衍生物结构中引入吡啶官能团,改变材料中电子供体和受体的分布情况,合成新型的可单独作为OLED器件发光层的TADF有机荧光材料:化合物m-Pxy2BBP-1和m-Pxy2BBP-2。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物,其化学结构式为:
或。
化合物m-Pxy2BBP-1的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺甲缩醛、4-溴苯乙酮为起始原料,在二甲苯中反应得到3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮;
2)将制得的3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮和氯化铵在碘化亚铜催化下,得到中间体3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶;
3)将制得的中间体3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶和吩噁嗪在醋酸钯和三叔丁基膦催化下,发生交叉偶联反应,生成最终产物m-Pxy2BBP-1。
化合物m-Pxy2BBP-2的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)以2,6-吡啶二甲酰氯、溴苯为起始原料,在无水AlCl3的催化作用下,通过傅克反应得到重要中间体2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶;
2)将制得的中间体2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶和吩噁嗪在醋酸钯和三叔丁基膦催化下,发生交叉偶联反应,生成最终产物m-Pxy2BBP-2。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1)本发明通过在电子给体吩噁嗪取代电子受体二苯甲酮的衍生物的基础上引入吡啶官能团作为第二受体,合成了化合物m-Pxy2BBP-1和m-Pxy2BBP-2。此方法新颖独特,实验步骤简单,具有很大的应用前景。经测定,化合物m-Pxy2BBP-1和m-Pxy2BBP-2具有更好的热稳定性,二者计算得到的∆EST值均满足作为TADF材料的条件,二者在紫外照射下分别发出黄光及蓝光,且低温下,m-Pxy2BBP-2的蓝光强度显著增强,此外,二者均有明显的淬灭现象,对溶剂的氢键能力具备高的灵敏度,有望作为高度选择性荧光传感器设计的候选材料;
2)本发明方法新颖独特,实验步骤简单,具有很大的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为m-Pxy2BBP-1的紫外可见吸收光谱和室温下的荧光光谱图;
图2为m-Pxy2BBP-2的紫外可见吸收光谱和室温下的荧光光谱图;
图3为在不同测试温度下化合物m-Pxy2BBP-2的荧光光谱图。
具体实施方式
为进一步公开而不是限制本发明,以下结合实例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
一种制备m-Pxy2BBP-1的方法,具体步骤为:
1)以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺甲缩醛(0.96 g,8mmol)、4-溴苯乙酮(1.59 g,8 mmol)为起始原料,在二甲苯(40 mL)中反应得到3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮(0.81 g),产率40%,核磁数据为1H-NMR(500 M Hz,氯仿-d)δ(ppm):2.98 (s,6 H),5.67 (d, J = 13 Hz,1H),7.47 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2 H),7.73 (d, J = 9 Hz, 2 H), 7.72 (d, J = 13 Hz, 1 H);
2)将制得的3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮(0.61 g,2.4 mmol)和氯化铵(0.06 g,1.2 mmol)在碘化亚铜(0.05 g,0.24mmol)催化下,得到中间体3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶(0.11 g),产率为21%,核磁数据为1H-NMR(500 M Hz,氯仿-d)δ(ppm):9.15(s,2H),8.43(s,1 H),7.71~7.70(d,8 H);
3)将3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶(0.033 g,0.075 mmol),无水碳酸钾(0.026 g,0.188mmol),吩噁嗪(0.03 g,0.165 mmol)溶解在干燥甲苯中(8 mL);
4)脱气后加入催化剂三叔丁基膦(0.005 g,0.025 mmol)、醋酸钯(0.003 g,0.012mmol),反应体系在120℃ 加热搅拌24 h;
5)反应结束后冷却,反应液用水和甲苯萃取,萃取溶液用无水碳酸钠进行干燥除水;
6)过滤除去干燥剂,溶剂用旋转蒸发器去除后,用甲醇和二氯甲烷混合溶剂重结晶,最终得到红棕色固体(0.040 g),产率82%,核磁数据为1H NMR (500 MHz, 氯仿-d) δ(ppm):9.27(s,2 H),8.64 (s,1 H),8.11~8.09(d,4 H),7.59~7.57(d,4 H),6.76~6.70(t,8H),6.65~6.63(d,8 H);
实验所涉及的反应方程式如下:
。
实施例2
一种制备m-Pxy2BBP-2的方法,具体步骤为:
1)将2,6-吡啶二甲酰氯(1.02 g,5 mmol)溶解在溴苯(5 mL),在冰水浴条件下缓慢加入无水三氯化铝(1.30 g,10 mmol)后,混合物在氮气保护下室温搅拌12 h;
2)升温至90℃ 反应2 h;
3)待反应液降温后,倒入冰甲醇中,析出淡黄色沉淀,过滤;
4)收集沉淀用甲醇和二氯甲烷混合溶剂对粗产物重结晶;最终得到淡黄色固体:2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶(0.81 g),产率36%,核磁数据为1 H NMR (500 MHz, 氯仿-d) d8.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 8.18–8.11(m, 1H), 7.99 (s, 4H), 7.57 (s, 4H);
5)将制得的中间体2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶(0.45 g,1mmol)和吩噁嗪(0.40 g,2.2mmol)在醋酸钯(0.04 g,0.2 mmol)和三叔丁基膦(0.07 g,0.3 mmol)催化下,发生交叉偶联反应,生成最终产物m-Pxy2BBP-2(0.35 g),产率为54%,核磁数据为1H NMR (500 MHz,氯仿-d) δ 8.33 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 5H), 8.17 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 3H), 8.13 – 7.99 (m,11H), 7.68 – 7.51 (m, 11H), 5.35 (d, J = 17.8 Hz, 1H), 2.03 (s, 1H), 1.33 (s,6H), 1.28 (s, 4H), 0.91 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H);
实验所涉及的反应方程式如下:
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物,其特征在于:其化学结构式为:
或。
2.一种制备如权利要求1所述的含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物的方法,其特征在于:化合物m-Pxy2BBP-1的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺甲缩醛、4-溴苯乙酮为起始原料,在二甲苯中反应得到3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮;
2)将制得的3-二甲基氨基-1-(4-溴苯基)丙-2-烯酮和氯化铵在碘化亚铜催化下,得到中间体3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶;
3)将制得的中间体3,5-双(2-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶和吩噁嗪在醋酸钯和三叔丁基膦催化下,发生交叉偶联反应,生成最终产物m-Pxy2BBP-1。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的含吡啶基团的吩噁嗪化合物的方法,其特征在于:化合物m-Pxy2BBP-2的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)以2,6-吡啶二甲酰氯、溴苯为起始原料,在无水AlCl3的催化作用下,通过傅克反应得到重要中间体2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶;
2)将制得的中间体2,6-双(4-溴苯甲酰基)吡啶和吩噁嗪在醋酸钯和三叔丁基膦催化下,发生交叉偶联反应,生成最终产物m-Pxy2BBP-2。
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