CN108850801A - 一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐 - Google Patents
一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，属于健康食品领域。所述替代餐的原料包括奇亚籽，该替代餐的能量和营养素含量要求符合国际食品标准CODEX STAN 181‑1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》，将低热量且营养丰富的奇亚籽作为控制体重替代餐的主料，可溶性膳食纤维溶于水中，吸收自身水分的10倍水分，膨胀形成胶状物质，产生饱腹感。产品还调配了各种天然营养组分，取代现有的替代餐常用的营养补充剂，达到控制体重、均衡营养等额外有益效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，属于健康食品领域。
背景技术
早在1997年世界卫生组织就已宣布肥胖是一种慢性疾病，肥胖严重危害人类健康，是心脑血管疾病、Ⅱ型糖尿病、骨关节病等慢性病和社会心理障碍的重要危险因素，是致死、致残和增加各国财政负担的重要的公共卫生问题。近年来很多的流行病学研究表明，肥胖同心血管疾病及胰岛素抵抗综合征的发生具有更高的相关性。研究显示，欧美国家成人肥胖呈现显著增加的趋势。而肥胖与健康、死亡密切相关，并且肥胖者同时伴有多种慢性疾病的机会也在显著增加。
通过控制体重来控制肥胖，替代餐是一个良好的选择。利用特制的食品取代一天中的一餐或多餐，从而达到控制饮食，控制体重的目的。替代餐不会造成营养缺乏，不会损伤活力，且不会反弹，长期坚持会养成一个良好的习惯，是目前较为健康的控制体重的方法之一。但是当今市场上的代餐粉主要以五谷杂粮、中药、大麦若叶、和富含膳食纤维的食物为主要原料，但由于这些食物的营养素含量有限，营养不全面，并且口味相对单一，需要添加大量的其他配料，导致口感和能量方面无法同时满足消费者的需求。
申请号为201410117382.6的专利公开了一种膳食纤维代餐粉，其成分：魔芋胶、燕麦纤维、柑橘纤维、花生蛋白、酪蛋白糖聚肤，营养成分主要为膳食纤维和蛋白，营养相对单一。申请号为201010622507.2的专利公开了一种减肥代餐粉，其主要以功能成分组成：蛋白质类物质、功能性糖份、水溶性谷物类膳食纤维、水溶性水果类膳食纤维、水溶性蔬菜类膳食纤维、维生素包、矿物质包和香料，虽然涵盖营养素种类较多，但是其营养素仍然未能兼顾人体必需脂肪酸和谷物的其它营养素。申请号为CN201510019154.X的专利公开了一种含有奇亚籽的膳食纤维代餐，其成分：奇亚籽、菊粉、薯粉、藕粉、辣木叶粉、低聚果糖，营养成分相对单一，口味单调。申请号为201610856956.0的专利公开了一种奇亚籽沙棘人参代餐粉配方，其成分主要为：奇亚籽、人参、沙棘、核桃、红枣、大米等，维生素及矿物含量有限，且口味单一。
《中国食物成分表》指出，奇亚籽在欧洲被誉为“超级食品”，奇亚籽蛋白质的质量分数为16.54％，远高于稻米、玉米、小麦、大麦、小米和荞麦等传统谷物；富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸，由美国农业部国家营养数据库查询结果可知，奇亚籽的脂肪质量分数为30.74％，其中饱和脂肪酸占11.36％，单不饱和脂肪酸占7.88％，多不饱和脂肪酸占80.76％。多不饱和脂肪酸中n-6系列的亚油酸占24.76％，n-3系列的α-亚麻酸占75.33％，高于亚麻籽，是目前已知含α-亚麻酸最高的天然食物；富含可溶性膳食纤维。奇亚籽的膳食纤维质量分数高达34.4％，分别是小麦、燕麦、玉米和稻米的2.3，2.6，8.3，9.8倍；奇亚籽里富含多种维生素及矿物质，奇亚籽中Ca、K、Mg含量较高，奇亚籽中Ca含量(829.21mg/100 g)非常高，是牛奶的6倍、藜麦的20倍；《Chia:Rediscovering a Forgotten Crop of the Aztecs》(出版源：Ayerza R,Coates W,Ayerza R,et al.2005)中指出，奇亚籽中Fe的含量(15.28 mg/100 g)也较为丰富，是藜麦的1.9倍，菠菜的6倍，扁豆的1.8倍，猪肝的2.4倍；《奇亚籽营养成分分析与评价》(出版源：中国油脂,2015,40(09):89-93.)中指出，具有高K(673.48mg/100 g)低Na(22.37mg/100 g)的特点；《Physicochemical characterization of chia,seed oilfrom Yucatán》(出版源：Agricultural Sciences,2014,05(3):220-226.)指出：奇亚籽具有很强的抗氧化活性，奇亚籽中除了含有维生素E和类脱水胡萝卜素等具有抗氧化活性的维生素外，还含有多种以游离形式或者通过糖苷键结合于多糖之上具有抗氧化活性的酚类化合物，主要包括绿原酸、咖啡酸、黄烷醇类、杨梅素、槲皮素、山奈酚等。
目前已经有人将奇亚籽应用于代餐，但是各项营养成分不符合国际食品法典委员会颁布的国际食品标准CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》，不能满足正常人体每天的营养需求，达不到控制体重的目的，没有较好的发挥奇亚籽的功效和考虑代餐粉的经济适用性。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐。
本发明提供的一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，所述替代餐的原料包括奇亚籽，该替代餐的能量和营养素含量要求符合国际食品标准CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐包括：奇亚籽、乳粉、香芋粉、加碘食盐、燕麦片、含维生素的原料、含矿物质的原料。
在一种实施方式中，所述含维生素的原料为蔓越莓干、葡萄干、草莓干、猕猴桃干、紫薯干、脱水胡萝卜、青豆、玉米片，或香蕉干、芒果干。
在一种实施方式中，所述含矿物质的原料为腰果、榛子、巴旦木、南瓜籽仁，或麦麸、菠菜、紫菜。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽40份、乳粉16份、香芋粉19份、加碘食盐2.5份、蔓越莓干1份、葡萄干1份、草莓干8份、猕猴桃干1份、紫薯干1份、脱水胡萝卜13份、青豆12.5份、玉米片1份、腰果1份、榛子1份、巴旦木2.5份、南瓜籽仁1份。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽30份、乳粉16份、香芋粉20份、加碘食盐2.5份、燕麦片11份、蔓越莓干2份、葡萄干2份、草莓干10份、猕猴桃干8份、紫薯干2份、脱水胡萝卜15份、青豆14份、玉米片2份、腰果2份、榛子2份、巴旦木6份、南瓜籽仁1份。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽35份、乳粉14份、香芋粉20份、加碘食盐2.5份、燕麦片15份、蔓越莓干1份、葡萄干1份、草莓干6份、猕猴桃干2份、紫薯干2份、脱水胡萝卜14份、青豆10份、玉米片2份、腰果1份、榛子1份、巴旦木6份、南瓜籽仁2份。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽通过烘焙后脱脂。
在一种实施方式中，所述奇亚籽的出油率控制在50-60％。
在一种实施方式中，所述乳粉为全脂乳粉。
本发明提供的一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，将低热量且营养丰富的的奇亚籽作为替代餐的主料，其可溶性膳食纤维溶于水中，吸收自身体积10倍的水分，膨胀形成胶状物质，产生饱腹感。另外，替代餐通过调配各种天然营养组分，取代现有的替代餐常用的营养补充剂，使替代餐的营养成分满足CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》中人体每天所需的摄取量，达到控制体重、营养均衡的有益效果；并且因人而异，根据身体质量指数(BMI)的分类方法提供给不同人群的不同配比。相较燕麦减肥，减肥效果提高了30％，具有更显著的减肥及改善肥胖相关风险因子。并且，在使用本发明的替代餐后人体各项体检指标仍在正常范围内，由此，本发明的替代餐可达到控制体重和综合营养补充的多重功能。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明提出的一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。
实施例一
根据CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》，人体控制体重每餐次所需能量和营养素如表1。
表1
在本实施例一中，奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：全脂乳粉16份，脱脂奇亚籽40份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片11份，香芋粉19份，加碘食盐2.5份，蔓越莓干1份，葡萄干1份，草莓干8份，猕猴桃干1份，紫薯干1份，脱水胡萝卜13份，青豆12.5份，玉米片1份，腰果1份，榛子1份，巴旦木2.5份，南瓜籽仁1份混合得到本产品。所述全脂乳粉用以补充蛋白质和维生素D，所述加碘食用盐用以补充碘和钠。本实施例一提供的替代餐中能量和各营养的含量如表2。
表2
因此满足了CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》中规定的人体每天所需的能量和营养摄取量，符合控制体替代餐的要求。
实施例二
奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：全脂乳粉16份，脱脂奇亚籽30份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片11份，香芋粉20份，加碘食盐2.5份，蔓越莓干2份，葡萄干2份，草莓干10份，猕猴桃干8份，紫薯干2份，脱水胡萝卜15份，青豆14份，玉米片2份，腰果2份，榛子2份，巴旦木6份，南瓜籽仁1份混合得到本产品。所述全脂乳粉用以补充蛋白质和维生素D，所述加碘食用盐用以补充碘和钠。本实施例二替代餐提供的能量和各营养的含量如表3。
表3
对照CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》，可以满足人体每天所需的能量和营养摄取量，符合控制体替代餐的要求。
实施例三
在本实施例一中，奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：全脂乳粉14份，脱脂奇亚籽35份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片15份，香芋粉20份，加碘食盐2.5份，蔓越莓干1份，葡萄干1份，草莓干6份，猕猴桃干2份，紫薯干份，脱水胡萝卜14份，青豆10份，玉米片2份，腰果1份，榛子1份，巴旦木6份，南瓜籽仁2份混合得到本产品。所述全脂乳粉用以补充蛋白质和维生素D，所述加碘食用盐用以补充碘和钠如表4。
表4
对照CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》，可以满足人体每天所需的能量和营养摄取量，符合控制体替代餐的要求。
对照例1
改变替代餐中重量份数配比，具体为：全脂乳粉5份，脱脂奇亚籽50份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片15份，香芋粉15份，加碘食盐2.5份，蔓越莓干1份，葡萄干1份，草莓干6份，猕猴桃干2份，紫薯干份，脱水胡萝卜14份，青豆10份，玉米片2份，腰果1份，榛子1份，巴旦木6份，南瓜籽仁2份混合得到本产品。本对照例的替代餐提供的能量和各营养的含量如表5。
表5
替代餐中维生素A、维生素D和核黄素含量低于CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》要求，不符合控制体重每天所需营养摄取量的标准。
对照例2
改变替代餐中重量份数配比，具体为：乳粉20份，脱脂奇亚籽35份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片10份，香芋粉20份，加碘食盐3份，蔓越莓干1份，葡萄干1份，草莓干8份，猕猴桃干1份，紫薯干2份，脱水胡萝卜13份，青豆10份，玉米片1份，腰果5份，榛子6份，巴旦木5份，南瓜籽仁5份混合得到本产品。本对照例的替代餐提供的能量和各营养的含量如表6。
表6
替代餐中维生素B6和叶酸含量较CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》规定量偏低，而能量和脂肪含量偏高，不符合控制体重每天所需营养摄取量的标准。
对照例3
改变替代餐中重量份数配比，具体为：乳粉15份，脱脂奇亚籽40份(出油率55％左右)，燕麦片10份，香芋粉20份，加碘食盐3份，蔓越莓干1份，葡萄干1份，草莓干1份，猕猴桃干1份，紫薯干1份，脱水胡萝卜1份，青豆10份，玉米片1份，腰果1份，榛子1份，巴旦木1份，南瓜籽仁2份混合得到本产品，本对照例的替代餐提供的能量和各营养的含量为如表7。
表7
与CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》相比，维生素A、维生素E、维生素C、叶酸含量偏低，不符合人体每天所需营养摄取量的标准，不能作为合格替代餐。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技术的人，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可做各种的改动与修饰，因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述替代餐的主要原料为奇亚籽，该替代餐的能量和营养素含量要求符合国际食品标准CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》。
2.如权利要求1所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，主要原料为经过压榨、浸提或者超临界萃取得到的部分脱脂奇亚籽粉作为主要原料，并通过出油率来控制脱脂奇亚籽粉的能量和油脂以及不饱和脂肪酸含量。
3.如权利要求1所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，对照CODEX STAN 181-1991《控制体重用配方食品法典标准》的要求，脱脂奇亚籽粉的营养素不足的，采用含有此类营养素的食品原料做配方，来均衡替代餐的能量和营养，优选乳粉、香芋粉、燕麦片、圆苞车前子壳等含维生素、矿物质、膳食纤维素等作为主要原料来配方替代餐。
4.如权利要求3所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述含维生素的原料为蔓越莓干、葡萄干、草莓干、猕猴桃干、紫薯干、脱水胡萝卜、青豆、玉米片，或香蕉干、芒果干。
5.如权利要求3所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述含矿物质的原料为腰果、榛子、巴旦木、南瓜籽仁，或麦麸、脱水菠菜、紫菜。
6.如权利要求1所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽40份、乳粉16份、香芋粉19份、加碘食盐2.5份、蔓越莓干1份、葡萄干1份、草莓干8份、猕猴桃干1份、紫薯干1份、脱水胡萝卜干13份、青豆12.5份、玉米片1份、腰果1份、榛子1份、巴旦木2.5份、南瓜籽仁1份。
7.如权利要求1所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽30份、乳粉16份、香芋粉20份、加碘食盐2.5份、燕麦片11份、蔓越莓干2份、葡萄干2份、草莓干10份、猕猴桃干8份、紫薯干2份、脱水胡萝卜15份、青豆14份、玉米片2份、腰果2份、榛子2份、巴旦木6份、南瓜籽仁1份。
8.如权利要求1所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐按重量份数配比为：奇亚籽35份、乳粉14份、香芋粉20份、加碘食盐2.5份、燕麦片15份、蔓越莓干1份、葡萄干1份、草莓干6份、猕猴桃干2份、紫薯干2份、脱水胡萝卜14份、青豆10份、玉米片2份、腰果1份、榛子1份、巴旦木6份、南瓜籽仁2份。
9.如权利要求5-7任一所述的奇亚籽配方控制体重替代餐，其特征在于，所述奇亚籽通过烘焙后部分脱脂。
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