CN108848853A - Automatic fertilization feed water control system and its control method - Google Patents
Automatic fertilization feed water control system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848853A CN108848853A CN201810856902.3A CN201810856902A CN108848853A CN 108848853 A CN108848853 A CN 108848853A CN 201810856902 A CN201810856902 A CN 201810856902A CN 108848853 A CN108848853 A CN 108848853A
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- solenoid valve
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/002—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders provided with auxiliary arrangements, e.g. pumps, agitators, cutters
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automatic fertilization feed water control system and its control method, which includes tank, fertilizer dissolver, dropper band, several the first humidity sensors being arranged in thin solum and ion concentration sensor and several the second humidity sensors being arranged in deep soil；Water pump at the top of tank is connect by sedimentation pipe with tank, water pump water outlet end goes out water pot with first by filtering grinding device and the second outlet pipe is connect, first outlet pipe and trickle irrigation band connection, the second outlet pipe pass sequentially through dissolving tank, tapered pipeline and trickle irrigation band connection；The feed inlet being connected to dissolving tank is offered on fertilizer storage bin at the top of dissolving tank, and sealing plate is installed on feed inlet；Filter the crushing vane that grinding device includes square casing and is mounted in square casing；First pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, water pump, the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor, motor and the connection of the first solenoid valve Method of Averaging Controller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural irrigation systems, and in particular to a kind of automatic fertilization feed water control system and its control method.
Background technique
It irrigates, means and irrigated the fields with water.Irrigation principle is to be needed irrigation volume, irrigation frequency and time water special according to plant
Property, depending on growing stage, weather, edaphic condition, in due course, appropriate, Rational Irrigation.Its type mainly has irrigation before seeding, urges
Seedling is poured water, growth period pours water and winter pours water, while being irrigated as the technical measures of moisture needed for ground supplement crop.In order to guarantee
Crop normal growth obtains stable high yield, it is necessary to supply crop with sufficient moisture and nutrient.Under field conditions (factors), often because
Precipitation deficit or the uneven and nutrient of distribution are inadequate, cause crops to generate slow.Therefore, it is necessary to artificially be filled
It irrigates and applies fertilizer, it is insufficient to make up rainfall and nutrient.In agricultural production, some are irrigated using dropper, however trickle irrigation is difficult to
Realize automation fertilising and watering.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, automatic fertilization feed water control system provided by the invention and its control method
It can be according to the humidity and the full-automatic fertilising of ion concentration realization, watering in soil.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
In a first aspect, providing a kind of automatic fertilization feed water control system comprising tank, fertilizer dissolver, dropper
Band, several the first humidity sensors being arranged in thin solum and ion concentration sensor and several settings are in deep soil
The second humidity sensor；Water pump is installed, the water inlet end of water pump is heavy by silt on the step pedestal being arranged at the top of tank
Product pipe is connect with the water inlet pipe for extending to water storage bottom of pond portion, and water pump water outlet end, which is threadably secured, is connected with filtering crushing dress
It sets；The outlet section of filtering grinding device is connected to by screw thread with tee tube, is connected separately in other two outlet of tee tube
First outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe, the diameter of the second outlet pipe are the half for filtering the exducer diameter of grinding device,
The diameter of first outlet pipe is equal with the filtering exducer diameter of grinding device；
Fertilizer dissolver includes dissolving tank and the fertilizer storage bin that is arranged at the top of dissolving tank, is passed through inside dissolving tank
Sieve plate is divided into two interconnected first chambers and second chamber, and the other end of the second outlet pipe is closed end, from
The bottom of dissolving tank penetrates, and extends in first chamber and second chamber；The second outlet pipe in first chamber and second chamber
On be fixedly installed with a support base, offer the mounting hole being connected to the second outlet pipe on support base, mounting hole passes through in it
The bearing of setting is equipped with a swivelling-nozzle；Be fixedly installed on swivelling-nozzle one be in X-shaped stirring blade, swivelling-nozzle it is straight
Diameter is the half of the second diameter of outflow tube；
The bottom plate of fertilizer storage bin is to tilt down towards first chamber and plate body that thickness is gradually reduced, and plate body is just
To the feed inlet being connected to first chamber is offered at the position of first chamber, the envelope of a closing feed inlet is installed on feed inlet
Plate, the lower surface of sealing plate are fixedly installed with a nut, and the strip groove for accommodating sealing plate is offered on plate body；The side wall of fertilizer storage bin
On be fixedly installed with a motor, the output shaft of motor extends in first chamber and is fixedly installed with one on it matches with nut
The screw rod of conjunction；The water outlet of the upper end of second chamber is connected with a tapered pipeline, and tapered pipeline and the first outlet pipe pass through together
One tee tube and trickle irrigation band connection；
Water pump includes the pump housing and the impeller that is mounted in the impeller installation cavity of the pump housing, between vane edge and impeller installation cavity
Gap setting be 2cm；Impeller includes upper end plate, and upper end disk center position is offered for impeller to be mounted on transmission shaft
Axis hole, be provided on upper end plate it is several with its integrally formed arc shaped blade, the thickness of arc shaped blade by root to top gradually
Reduce, and forms sharp blade at the top of it；The arc-shaped inner surface of arc shaped blade is provided with cutting edge towards impeller direction of rotation
Cutting edge；
Filtering grinding device includes square casing and crushing vane, and it is threaded that the both ends of square casing are fixedly connected with tool
Inlet segment and water exit end, square casing are equipped with a filter screen at water exit end；One is fixedly connected at the top of square casing
L-shaped connecting tube is movably installed with a connecting rod in connecting tube, sealing is provided in the gap between connecting rod and connecting tube
Circle；Crushing vane is mounted in connecting rod by the bearing installed in the axle sleeve in the middle part of it, and crushing vane is opposite with filter screen
Side is provided with steel brush；Phase interworking is fixedly installed on the end being located in connecting tube in the vertical side walls of connecting tube with connecting rod
Conjunction and the magnet to repel each other that is powered；The opposite face of two pieces of magnets is connect with same spring；
The first solenoid valve is installed at first outlet pipe and the neighbouring filtering grinding device of the second outlet pipe, tapered pipeline goes out
Water end (W.E.) is fixedly installed with second solenoid valve, and square casing is equipped with first pressure sensor, square casing at its inlet segment
Second pressure sensor is installed at its neighbouring water exit end；First solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, first pressure sensor, second
Pressure sensor, water pump, the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and motor are and controller
Connection；Two pieces of magnets are connect by control switch with controller.
Further, sedimentation pipe includes the inclination tube body tilted down towards water inlet pipe direction and is placed on step bottom
Silt box on seat, the bottom of silt box are a bottom plate identical with inclination tube body tilt angle and inclined direction；Tilt tube body
It is connect with the bottom end of silt box and tilts the lower surface of tube body and baseplate inner surface is located along the same line；The upper end of silt box
It is connect with the water inlet end of water pump.
Further, arc shaped blade is increasingly towards the inclination of impeller direction of rotation by root to top.
Further, dropper band includes water-main, and water-main is all provided with by the two sides and top surface of its origin or beginning to end
It is equipped with the apopore that diameter is gradually increased；The sparge pipe perpendicular to water-main is connected on water outlet at the top of water-main,
The end of sparge pipe is equipped with rotary nozzle；
Water-main two sides are connected with buret, and the bottom surface of buret offers diameter gradually by its junction to end
The weeper of increase is fixedly installed with water dropping head on weeper, and it is defeated that the outlet diameter of water dropping head is equal to closest master on buret
The water outlet diameter of water pipe, the inlet diameter of water dropping head are equal to titration the last one water outlet diameter of pipe end；
Third solenoid valve connected to the controller is provided on buret and sparge pipe.
Further, the diameter of tapered pipeline is gradually become smaller by neighbouring dissolving tank to drip irrigation zone side, until to its end etc.
In water-main diameter.
Second aspect provides a kind of control method of automatic fertilization feed water control system comprising following steps：
S1, the ion concentration that ion concentration sensor uploads is obtained, and it is dense to judge whether ion concentration is lower than setting ion
Degree；
If S2, being lower than setting ion concentration, S9 is entered step；
If S3, being higher than setting ion concentration, the soil of the first humidity sensor and the acquisition of the second humidity sensor is obtained
Humidity；
S4, when at least 30% the first humidity sensor show soil moisture lower than setting humidity when, then judge that second is wet
Spend the soil concentration of sensor acquisition；
If S5, at least 70% the second humidity sensor show soil moisture be higher than setting humidity, obtain weather forecast
Information, if weather forecast information shows rain in 24 hours, otherwise return step S3 carries out step S6；
S6, the first solenoid valve, third solenoid valve and water pump on the first outlet pipe are opened, and closes second solenoid valve and the
The first solenoid valve on two outlet pipes gives soil watering, while obtaining first pressure sensor and the acquisition of second pressure sensor
Pressure information；
S7, when the pressure information of first sensor be greater than second sensor pressure information when, then opening control switch makes
Two pieces of magnets are in energized state, and two pieces of energizing magnets, which repel, drives connecting rod to move towards filter screen, drive crushing vane
Steel wire cleans filter screen；
S8, when the pressure information of first sensor be equal to second sensor pressure information when, continue to judge in soil
Ion concentration sets ion concentration until the ion concentration of soil is equal to, and switches off the pump；
S9, water pump, the first solenoid valve on the second outlet pipe, the third solenoid valve on buret and the second electromagnetism are opened
Valve closes the third solenoid valve on the first solenoid valve and sparge pipe on the first outlet pipe, and controls motor and sealing plate is driven to open
Fertilizer is set to enter dissolving tank to soil application；
S10, when the ion concentration of soil be equal to setting ion concentration when, control motor close sealing plate, simultaneously close off water pump,
The first solenoid valve in second solenoid valve and the second outlet pipe.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Converged since the water of tank is mainly derived from natural rainfall, inside contain
There are the floating materials such as a large amount of silt and leaf, partially into the floating material of water pump in the arc shaped blade of water pump and the work of cutting edge
Under, being crushed, pulverized rear lesser floating material can be flowed out by filter screen, the crushed material slightly larger for size,
Filtering grinding device in, due to crushing vane quickly through water flow washing away under quick rotation, the powder slightly larger to size
It minces and carries out cutting and grinding repeatedly, until by filter screen, it in this way can be to avoid floating material clogging drip irrigation band.
The system can adhere to a large amount of impurity after a period of time is used for a long time on filter screen, this meeting is so that filter screen two sides
Pressure have differences, when controller detect first pressure sensor pressure be greater than second pressure sensor pressure when,
Controller then opens control switch, makes two pieces of energizing magnets, and magnet repels each other and moves connecting rod towards filter screen direction, so that
Steel brush is contacted with filter screen, drives steel brush to clean filter screen while crushing vane rotation, until filter screen two sides
When pressure is equal, control switch is closed, leaves filter screen with steel brush when spring restores deformation, first pressure sensor and the
The mutual cooperation of two pressure sensors can in time clean filter screen, guarantee to pour while go on smoothly, can be with
Steel brush is avoided to contact with filter screen always and be quickly worn steel brush.
This programme due to the diameter of the first outlet pipe, the second outlet pipe and swivelling-nozzle unique setting so that water into
When entering the second outlet pipe and swivelling-nozzle, transition can occur for water velocity so that water flow quickly fly out swivelling-nozzle when, can
Swivelling-nozzle rotation is driven, it is quick that the rotation of swivelling-nozzle is able to drive the fertilizer that stirring blade thereon is accelerated in first chamber
It dissolves and the fertilizer solution in second chamber is sufficiently mixed；Screen pack can prevent the impurity in fertilizer from entering trickle irrigation
Band blocks dropper.
This programme by the mutually coordinated cooperation of controller, each sensor, solenoid valve and electric component, may be implemented it is complete from
It is dynamic that crops are watered and applied fertilizer, guarantee the working strength that administrative staff can also be reduced while crops normal growth.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of automatic fertilization feed water control system.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of impeller.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of arc shaped blade.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for filtering grinding device.
Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing in the portion A in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of swivelling-nozzle upper end.
Fig. 7 is that buret is mounted on the structural schematic diagram on water-main.
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of buret.
Wherein, 1, tank；2, silt box；21, tube body is tilted；3, water pump；31, impeller；311, upper end plate；312, axis
Hole；313, arc shaped blade；314, cutting edge；32, the first outlet pipe；321, the first solenoid valve；33, the second outlet pipe；4, mistake
Filter grinding device；41, square casing；42, filter screen；43, steel brush；44, crushing vane；45, connecting tube；46, magnet；47, close
Seal；48, connecting rod；49, axle sleeve；
5, fertilizer storage bin；51, plate body；511, strip groove；52, sealing plate；521, nut；6, dissolving tank；61, support base；
62, screen pack；63, swivelling-nozzle；64, stirring blade；7, tapered pipeline；71, second solenoid valve；8, water-main；81, it flows
Meter；82, buret；821, water dropping head；83, sparge pipe；831, rotary nozzle；9, motor；91, screw rod.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, the automatic fertilization feed water control system include tank 1, it is fertilizer dissolver, dropper band, several
The first humidity sensor and ion concentration sensor that are arranged in thin solum and several second be arranged in deep soil
Humidity sensor.
Wherein tank 1 use outdoor tank 1, i.e., do not cover, water source be mainly derived from natural rainfall convergence and
At；First humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor and ion concentration sensor are uniformly distributed in the soil.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, in one embodiment of the invention, dropper band includes water-main 8, water-main 8 by
Its origin or beginning is provided with the apopore that diameter is gradually increased to the two sides of end and top surface；The water outlet at 8 top of water-main
On be connected with sparge pipe 83 perpendicular to water-main 8, the end of sparge pipe 83 is equipped with rotary nozzle 831；8 liang of water-main
Side is connected with buret 82.
The rotary nozzle 831 and buret 82 of the drip irrigation zone setting of this programme can make the drip irrigation zone of this programme both can be with
Crops are poured from earth's surface, and trickle irrigation can be carried out to crops out of soil.
The bottom surface of buret 82 is offered the weeper that diameter is gradually increased by its junction to end, is fixed on weeper
Water dropping head 821 is installed, the outlet diameter of water dropping head 821 is equal to the water outlet diameter of closest water-main 8 on buret 82,
The inlet diameter of water dropping head 821 is equal to the last one water outlet diameter of 82 end of buret；On buret 82 and sparge pipe 83
It is provided with third solenoid valve connected to the controller.
After the apopore that the diameter of two sides and top surface setting on water-main 8 is gradually increased, flowed in water-main 8
Speed reduces, and when the dynamic pressure of generation is gradually reduced, the difference for being discharged pore size can guarantee that the different location of irrigated area obtains as far as possible
Obtain equal irrigation volume.
Referring again to FIGS. 1, being equipped with water pump 3 on the step pedestal being arranged at the top of tank 1, the water inlet end of water pump 3 passes through
Sedimentation pipe is connect with the water inlet pipe for extending to 1 bottom of tank；When implementation, the preferred sedimentation pipe of this programme includes direction
Inclination tube body 21 that water inlet pipe direction tilts down and the silt box 2 being placed on step pedestal, the bottom of silt box 2 be one with
Tilt 21 tilt angle of tube body and the identical bottom plate of inclined direction；Inclination tube body 21 is connect with the bottom end of silt box 2 and tipping tube
The lower surface of body 21 is located along the same line with baseplate inner surface；The upper end of silt box 2 is connect with the water inlet end of water pump 3.
After adopting the above structure, the biggish silt of quality is gradually deposited at inclination tube body to sedimentation pipe during advance
21 and silt box 2 inner surface, when stopping watering, since the outlet of silt box 2 is higher than import, the water in silt box 2 exists
It can be back to tank 1 with the silt of inclination tube body 21 and 2 inner surface of silt box during refluence, so as to avoid
Sedimentation blocks water dropping head 821 in drip irrigation zone in irrigation process.
3 water outlet of water pump, which is threadably secured, is connected with a filtering grinding device 4, and the outlet section of filtering grinding device 4 is logical
Screw thread to be crossed to be connected to tee tube, filtering grinding device 4 is installed using engagement thread, it can achieve replaceable purpose, this
Sample conveniently can be fetched and be replaced to steel brush 43 in use for some time, when 43 serious wear of steel brush.
It filters and is connected separately with the first outlet pipe 32 and the in other two outlet of the tee tube of 4 outlet section of grinding device
Two outlet pipes 33, the diameter of the second outlet pipe 33 are the half for filtering the exducer diameter of grinding device 4, the first outlet pipe
32 diameter is equal with the filtering exducer diameter of grinding device 4.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, fertilizer dissolver includes dissolving tank 6 and the fertilizer storage bin that 6 top of dissolving tank is arranged in
5, two interconnected first chambers and second chamber, screen pack 62 are divided by screen pack 62 inside dissolving tank 6
Height be equal to the height of dissolving tank 6, first chamber and second chamber mainly pass through the filter hole on screen pack 62 and are connected to；
The main purpose that screen pack 62 is arranged is intercepted to the large granular impurity in fertilizer.
The other end of second outlet pipe 33 is closed end, is penetrated from the bottom of dissolving tank 6, and first chamber and the are extended to
In two chambers, the second outlet pipe 33 penetrates the end setting of dissolving tank 6 in behind closed end, it is ensured that water flow can only be from rotation spray
It is flowed out in pipe 63.
A support base 61 is fixedly installed on the second outlet pipe 33 in first chamber and second chamber, on support base 61
The mounting hole being connected to the second outlet pipe 33 is offered, mounting hole passes through the bearing being arranged inside and is equipped with a swivelling-nozzle 63,
Bearing can make swivelling-nozzle 63 rotate under external forces relative to support base 61；One is fixedly installed on swivelling-nozzle 63
In the stirring blade 64 of X-shaped, the diameter of swivelling-nozzle 63 is the half of 33 diameter of the second outlet pipe.
Due to unique setting of the diameter of the first outlet pipe 32, the second outlet pipe 33 and swivelling-nozzle 63 so that water into
When entering the second outlet pipe 33 and swivelling-nozzle 63, transition can occur for water velocity, so that water flow is in the swivelling-nozzle 63 that quickly flies out
When, it is able to drive the rotation of swivelling-nozzle 63, the rotation of swivelling-nozzle 63 is able to drive stirring blade 64 thereon and accelerates the first chamber
Indoor fertilizer quickly dissolves, and is sufficiently mixed to the fertilizer solution in second chamber；Screen pack 62 can prevent fertilizer
In impurity enter drip irrigation zone, block dropper.
The power resources of the swivelling-nozzle 63 of this programme are the kinetic energy that the water flow quickly flowed generates, and are not needed when rotated
External power source may also reach up energy-efficient purpose while sufficiently dissolution to fertilizer realizing.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the bottom plate of fertilizer storage bin 5 is to tilt down towards first chamber and thickness gradually subtracts
Small plate body 51 offers the feed inlet being connected to first chamber at the position of 51 face first chamber of plate body, pacifies on feed inlet
Sealing plate 52 equipped with a closing feed inlet, the lower surface of sealing plate 52 is fixedly installed with a nut 521, offers receiving on plate body 51
The strip groove 511 of sealing plate 52；A motor 9 is fixedly installed on the side wall of fertilizer storage bin 5, the output shaft of motor 9 extends to
It is fixedly installed in one chamber and on it a screw rod 91 cooperated with nut 521.
When needing to Crops in Applying Fertilizer, screw rod 91 is driven to rotate by the rotation of motor 9, at this time across nut 521
Screw rod 91 can drive sealing plate 52 towards moving in strip groove 511, when nut 521 and plate body 51 contact, due to plate body 51
Stop, sealing plate 52 cannot continue to move, and nut 521 can be made to be detached from screw rod 91 to avoid 52 overexercise of sealing plate in this way；Motor 9
It is again turned on motor 9 when starting and control its closing for a period of time, then needing to close sealing plate 52 and inverts time that sealing plate 52 can be realized
Position.
The water outlet of the upper end of second chamber is connected with a tapered pipeline 7, tapered pipeline 7 and the first outlet pipe 32 and passes through together
One tee tube and trickle irrigation band connection；When implementation, the diameter of the preferred tapered pipeline 7 of this programme is by neighbouring dissolving tank 6 to drip irrigation zone side
It gradually becomes smaller, until being equal to 8 diameter of water-main to its end.
Unique setting of 7 diameter of tapered pipeline, can make the flow velocity of fertilizer solution be gradually increased, to reach molten to fertilizer
The purpose that liquid futher stirs guarantees that fertilizer solution can be mixed more evenly.
As shown in Fig. 2, water pump 3 includes the pump housing and the impeller 31 being mounted in the impeller installation cavity of the pump housing, 31 edge of impeller
Gap setting between impeller installation cavity is 2cm；Impeller 31 includes upper end plate 311, and upper 311 center of end plate opens up useful
It is several with its integrally formed arc shaped blade in being provided on the axis hole 312 being mounted on impeller 31 on transmission shaft, upper end plate 311
313, the thickness of arc shaped blade 313 is gradually reduced by root to top, and sharp blade is formed at the top of it；Arc shaped blade
313 arc-shaped inner surface is provided with cutting edge towards the cutting edge 314 of 31 direction of rotation of impeller.
After impeller 31 is arranged using the above structure, the mutual cooperation of cutting edge 314 and cutting edge can enter water with part
The floating material of pump 3 is come into full contact with, and guarantees that floating material can be crushed as much as possible.
As shown in figure 3, the preferred arc shaped blade 313 of this programme is increasingly towards impeller 31 by root to top and revolves when implementing
Turning direction inclination can be improved the dynamics that blade crushes floating material after the setting in this way of arc shaped blade 313.
As shown in figure 4, filtering grinding device 4 includes square casing 41 and crushing vane 44, the both ends of square casing 41 are solid
Surely it is connected with the threaded inlet segment of tool and water exit end, square casing 41 is equipped with a filter screen 42 at water exit end；It is rectangular
The top of shell 41 is fixedly connected with a L-shaped connecting tube 45, is movably installed with a connecting rod 48, connecting rod in connecting tube 45
Sealing ring 47 is provided in gap between 48 and connecting tube 45；The axis that crushing vane 44 passes through installation in the axle sleeve 49 in the middle part of it
It holds and is mounted in connecting rod 48, the side opposite with filter screen 42 of crushing vane 44 is provided with steel brush 43；Connecting tube 45 it is vertical
The magnet 46 to repel each other that cooperates and be powered is fixedly installed on the end being located in connecting tube 45 on side wall with connecting rod 48；
The opposite face of two pieces of magnets 46 is connect with same spring, and when not cleaning to filter screen 42, the length of spring is freely to stretch
Contracting length.
Under the action of the arc shaped blade 313 of water pump 3 and cutting edge 314, pulverized rear lesser floating material can lead to
Cross the outflow of filter screen 42, the crushed material slightly larger for size, in filtering grinding device 4, since crushing vane 44 is quickly leading to
Quick rotation under the washing away for the water flow crossed, the crushed material slightly larger to size carries out cutting and grinding repeatedly, until can pass through
Filter screen 42, in this way can be to avoid floating material clogging drip irrigation band.
The early period of arc shaped blade 313 and cutting edge 314 crushes, can be smaller to avoid 44 rotary power of crushing vane below
It is difficult to realize the crushing of larger substance, the combination of three can guarantee that floating material is ground into molecule and enters in soil.
The system can adhere to a large amount of impurity after a period of time is used for a long time on filter screen 42, this meeting is so that filter screen 42
The pressure of two sides has differences, when controller detects that the pressure of first pressure sensor is greater than the pressure of second pressure sensor
When, controller then opens control switch, and two pieces of magnets 46 is made to be powered, and magnet 46 repels each other and makes connecting rod 48 towards 42 side of filter screen
To movement so that steel brush 43 is contacted with filter screen 42, driven while crushing vane 44 rotates steel brush 43 to filter screen 42 into
Row cleaning is left when spring restores deformation with steel brush 43 until closing control switch when 42 pressure at both sides of filter screen is equal
Filter screen 42.
First solenoid valve 321, variable diameter are installed at first outlet pipe 32 and the neighbouring filtering grinding device 4 of the second outlet pipe 33
The water outlet of pipeline 7 is fixedly installed with second solenoid valve 71, and square casing 41 is equipped with first pressure biography at its inlet segment
Sensor, square casing 41 are equipped with second pressure sensor at its water exit end；First solenoid valve 321, second solenoid valve 71,
First pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, water pump 3, the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, ion concentration pass
Sensor and motor 9 are connect with controller；Two pieces of magnets 46 are connect by control switch with controller.
Wherein, first pressure sensor and the model of second pressure sensor are PT124B-210；First humidity sensor
The model of device and the second humidity sensor is DHT11 digital hygro sensor；Ion concentration sensor is YH-TM-EC soil
Earth salt sub-sensor；Controller is the single-chip microcontroller using STC89C52RC1 chip.
So far the description to automatic fertilization feed water control system configuration aspects is completed, below then to automatic fertilization water supply
The control method of control system is described in detail：
The control method of the automatic fertilization feed water control system includes the following steps：
S1, the ion concentration that ion concentration sensor uploads is obtained, and it is dense to judge whether ion concentration is lower than setting ion
Degree；
If S2, being lower than setting ion concentration, S9 is entered step；Herein set concentration as a value range, for being higher than
Setting ion concentration refers to the maximum value for having to be larger than the range, is necessarily less than the range for referring to lower than setting ion concentration
Minimum value.
If S3, being higher than setting ion concentration, the soil of the first humidity sensor and the acquisition of the second humidity sensor is obtained
Humidity；
S4, when at least 30% the first humidity sensor show soil moisture lower than setting humidity when, then judge that second is wet
Spend the soil concentration of sensor acquisition；
If S5, at least 70% the second humidity sensor show soil moisture be higher than setting humidity, obtain weather forecast
Information, if weather forecast information shows rain in 24 hours, otherwise return step S3 carries out step S6；
The first solenoid valve 321, third solenoid valve and water pump 3 on S6, the first outlet pipe 32 of unlatching, and close the second electromagnetism
The first solenoid valve 321 on valve 71 and the second outlet pipe 33 waters to soil, while obtaining first pressure sensor and the second pressure
The pressure information of force snesor acquisition；
S7, when the pressure information of first sensor be greater than second sensor pressure information when, then opening control switch makes
Two pieces of magnets 46 are in energized state, and two pieces of magnets 46, which are powered to repelling, drives connecting rod 48 to move towards filter screen 42, make to crush
Blade 44 drives steel wire to clean filter screen 42；
S8, when the pressure information of first sensor be equal to second sensor pressure information when, continue to judge in soil
Ion concentration switches off the pump 3 until the ion concentration of soil is equal to setting ion concentration；
S9, water pump 3, the first solenoid valve 321 on the second outlet pipe 33, the third solenoid valve on buret 82 and the are opened
Two solenoid valves 71 close the third solenoid valve on the first solenoid valve 321 and sparge pipe 83 on the first outlet pipe 32, and control electricity
Machine 9 drives the unlatching of sealing plate 52 that fertilizer is made to enter dissolving tank 6 to soil application；
S10, when the ion concentration of soil be equal to setting ion concentration when, control motor 9 close sealing plate 52, simultaneously close off water
The first solenoid valve 321 on pump 3, second solenoid valve 71 and the second outlet pipe 33.
In step slo, after the completion of fertilising, there are also a nearly tank fertilizer solution in dissolving tank 6, this programme is using closing the
The mode of the first solenoid valve 321 on two solenoid valves 71 and the second outlet pipe 33, can make dissolving tank be in sealing state, avoid
Fertilizer solution failure, to be continued to use when ensuring fertilising next time.
This programme is carried out in S4 and S5 step using a certain proportion of first humidity sensor and the second humidity sensor
The accuracy of soil moisture judgement can be improved in judgement；It can by being checked to weather forecast information carrying out control process
It is rainy to avoid being occurred as soon as after pouring, cause the waste at water source.
In conclusion this programme passes through the mutually coordinated cooperation of controller, each sensor, electromagnetic valve and electric component,
It may be implemented that automatically crops are watered and applied fertilizer, guarantee that administrative staff can also be reduced while crops normal growth
Working strength.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of automatic fertilization feed water control system, which is characterized in that including tank, fertilizer dissolver, dropper band, several
The first humidity sensor and ion concentration sensor that are arranged in thin solum and several second be arranged in deep soil
Humidity sensor；Water pump is installed on the step pedestal being arranged at the top of the tank, the water inlet end of the water pump passes through silt
Deposited tube is connect with the water inlet pipe for extending to water storage bottom of pond portion, and water pump water outlet end, which is threadably secured, is connected with filtering crushing dress
It sets；The outlet section of the filtering grinding device is connected to by screw thread with tee tube, is connected respectively in other two outlet of tee tube
It is connected to the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe, the diameter of second outlet pipe is the two of the exducer diameter of filtering grinding device
/ mono-, the diameter of the first outlet pipe is equal with the filtering exducer diameter of grinding device；
The fertilizer dissolver includes dissolving tank and the fertilizer storage bin that is arranged at the top of dissolving tank, logical inside the dissolving tank
It crosses screen pack and is divided into two interconnected first chambers and second chamber, the other end of second outlet pipe is closing
End, penetrates from the bottom of dissolving tank, extends in first chamber and second chamber；In the first chamber and second chamber
It is fixedly installed with a support base on second outlet pipe, the mounting hole being connected to the second outlet pipe is offered on the support base,
The mounting hole passes through the bearing being arranged inside and is equipped with a swivelling-nozzle；One is fixedly installed on the swivelling-nozzle in X-shaped
Stirring blade, the diameter of the swivelling-nozzle is the half of the second diameter of outflow tube；
The bottom plate of the fertilizer storage bin is to tilt down towards first chamber and plate body that thickness is gradually reduced, the plate
The feed inlet being connected to first chamber is offered at the position of body face first chamber, be equipped on the feed inlet one close into
The sealing plate of material mouth, the lower surface of the sealing plate are fixedly installed with a nut, and the strip groove for accommodating sealing plate is offered on the plate body；
Be fixedly installed with a motor on the side wall of the fertilizer storage bin, the output shaft of the motor extend in first chamber and
It is fixedly installed with the screw rod of one with nut cooperation thereon；The water outlet of the second chamber upper end is connected with a reducer pipe
Road, the tapered pipeline and the first outlet pipe pass through same tee tube and trickle irrigation band connection；
The water pump includes the pump housing and the impeller that is mounted in the impeller installation cavity of the pump housing, and the vane edge and the impeller are pacified
Gap setting between behaveing affectedly is 2cm；The impeller includes upper end plate, and upper end disk center position is offered for by impeller
The axis hole being mounted on transmission shaft is provided on the upper end plate several with its integrally formed arc shaped blade, the arc-shaped leaf
The thickness of piece is gradually reduced by root to top, and sharp blade is formed at the top of it；Table in the arc of the arc shaped blade
Face is provided with cutting edge towards the cutting edge of impeller direction of rotation；
The filtering grinding device includes square casing and crushing vane, and the both ends of the square casing are fixedly connected with spiral shell
The inlet segment and water exit end of line, the square casing are equipped with a filter screen at water exit end；The top of the square casing
Be fixedly connected with a L-shaped connecting tube, be movably installed with a connecting rod in the connecting tube, the connecting rod and connecting tube it
Between gap in be provided with sealing ring；The crushing vane is mounted on connecting rod by the bearing installed in the axle sleeve in the middle part of it
On, the crushing vane side opposite with filter screen is provided with steel brush；In the vertical side walls of the connecting tube with connecting rod position
In being fixedly installed with the magnet that repels each other of cooperating and be powered on the end in connecting tube；The opposite face of two pieces of magnets is and together
The connection of one spring；
The first solenoid valve, the tapered pipeline are installed at first outlet pipe and the neighbouring filtering grinding device of the second outlet pipe
Water outlet be fixedly installed with second solenoid valve, the square casing is equipped with first pressure sensor at its inlet segment,
Square casing is equipped with second pressure sensor at its water exit end；First solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, first pressure
Sensor, second pressure sensor, water pump, the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, ion concentration sensor and motor
It is connect with controller；Two pieces of magnets are connect by control switch with controller.
2. automatic fertilization feed water control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sedimentation pipe includes court
The inclination tube body tilted down to water inlet pipe direction and the silt box being placed on step pedestal, the bottom of the silt box are one
Bottom plate identical with inclination tube body tilt angle and inclined direction；The bottom end connection and inclination of the inclination tube body and silt box
The lower surface of tube body is located along the same line with baseplate inner surface；The upper end of the silt box and the water inlet end of water pump connect.
3. automatic fertilization feed water control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the arc shaped blade by root extremely
Top is increasingly towards the inclination of impeller direction of rotation.
4. automatic fertilization feed water control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dropper band includes main water delivery
Pipe, the water-main are provided with the apopore that diameter is gradually increased by the two sides and top surface of its origin or beginning to end；Master is defeated
The sparge pipe perpendicular to water-main is connected on water outlet at the top of water pipe, the end of the sparge pipe is equipped with rotation spray
Head；
The water-main two sides are connected with buret, and the bottom surface of the buret offers diameter by its junction to end
The weeper being gradually increased, water dropping head is fixedly installed on the weeper, and the outlet diameter of the water dropping head is equal to buret
The water outlet diameter of upper closest water-main, the inlet diameter of the water dropping head are equal to titration the last one water outlet of pipe end
Diameter；
Third solenoid valve connected to the controller is provided on the buret and the sparge pipe.
5. automatic fertilization feed water control system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the diameter of the tapered pipeline by
Neighbouring dissolving tank to drip irrigation zone side gradually becomes smaller, until being equal to water-main diameter to its end.
6. a kind of claim 1-5 it is any automatic fertilization feed water control system control method, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step：
S1, the ion concentration that ion concentration sensor uploads is obtained, and judges whether ion concentration is lower than setting ion concentration；
If S2, being lower than setting ion concentration, S9 is entered step；
If S3, being higher than setting ion concentration, the soil moisture of the first humidity sensor and the acquisition of the second humidity sensor is obtained；
S4, when at least 30% the first humidity sensor show soil moisture lower than setting humidity when, then judge the second humidity pass
The soil concentration of sensor acquisition；
If S5, at least 70% the second humidity sensor show soil moisture be higher than setting humidity, obtain weather forecast information,
If weather forecast information shows rainy in 24 hours, return step S3, otherwise progress step S6；
The first solenoid valve, third solenoid valve and water pump on S6, the first outlet pipe of unlatching, and close second solenoid valve and second and go out
The first solenoid valve on water pipe waters to soil, while obtaining the pressure of first pressure sensor and the acquisition of second pressure sensor
Information；
S7, when the pressure information of first sensor be greater than second sensor pressure information when, then opening control switch makes two pieces
Magnet is in energized state, and two pieces of energizing magnets, which repel, drives connecting rod to move towards filter screen, and crushing vane is made to drive steel wire
Clean filter screen；
S8, when the pressure information of first sensor be equal to second sensor pressure information when, continue to judge the ion in soil
Concentration sets ion concentration until the ion concentration of soil is equal to, and switches off the pump；
S9, water pump, the first solenoid valve on the second outlet pipe, the third solenoid valve on buret and second solenoid valve are opened, closed
The first solenoid valve on the first outlet pipe and the third solenoid valve on sparge pipe are closed, and controls motor and sealing plate unlatching is driven to make fertilizer
Into dissolving tank to soil application；
S10, when the ion concentration of soil be equal to setting ion concentration when, control motor close sealing plate, simultaneously close off water pump, second
The first solenoid valve on solenoid valve and the second outlet pipe.
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| CN201810856902.3A CN108848853B (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Automatic fertilization and water supply control system and control method thereof |
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| CN112425339A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 江西沃邦农业科技有限公司 | Can grind accurate type drip irrigation device that adds with ration to fertilizer |
| CN112492946A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-16 | 河南科技大学 | Drip irrigation pipeline and use muddy fertile liquid ion concentration adjusting device |
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| CN108848853B (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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