CN108848775B - Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener - Google Patents
Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108848775B CN108848775B CN201811078877.7A CN201811078877A CN108848775B CN 108848775 B CN108848775 B CN 108848775B CN 201811078877 A CN201811078877 A CN 201811078877A CN 108848775 B CN108848775 B CN 108848775B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- disc
- bionic
- blade
- soil
- notch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
- A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
Abstract
A real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and is characterized in that a gap disc component I and a gap disc component II are symmetrically arranged about an a-a central longitudinal axis, wherein a furrow opening handle is fixedly connected to the top center of a base in a connecting piece, the right end of a connecting shaft in the gap disc component I is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve I of the connecting piece through a screw I, the left end of the connecting shaft in the gap disc component II is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve II of the connecting piece through a screw II, a soil-entering furrow section of a disc body is provided with a corrugated bionic curved surface, a disc gap soil-cutting edge is obtained by symmetrically cutting the curved surface of the disc body through a bionic curve, a disc stubble-breaking soil-entering edge is provided with an arc edge and a bionic tooth-shaped edge, the arc edge is provided with a bionic included angle, and the bionic tooth-shaped edge is a tooth-shaped microstructure designed through bionic coupling. The invention has strong wear resistance, excellent soil-entering performance, good soil-breaking and stubble-cutting performance, high operating efficiency, long service life, suitability for different operating environments and capability of actively changing blades.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc fertilization furrow opener.
Background
The protective farming is a novel farming technology and mainly comprises four basic contents of stubble straw covering, no-tillage fertilizing and seeding, pest and disease damage and weed control and deep scarification operation. The protective cultivation reduces the plowing and harrowing and returns crop residues such as straws and stubbles to the field, thereby being beneficial to protecting the soil structure, increasing the organic matter content of the soil and reducing the soil loss, and being an important way for realizing the sustainable development of agriculture.
With the development and popularization of protective farming techniques and modes, the intertillage operation link in the crop planting process is gradually simplified. During the no-tillage operation, a large amount of straw stubble exists on the ground surface and a root-soil complex formed by a plant root system and soil puts higher requirements on the performance of working parts of the no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine.
The furrow opener is a main working component of the no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine, and the working quality of the furrow opener directly influences the seeding and fertilizing quality. The furrow opener can be divided into two categories of a movable furrow opener and a rolling furrow opener according to the movement mode, wherein the movable furrow opener can be divided into an acute-angle furrow opener and an obtuse-angle furrow opener according to the difference of the soil-entering angle, the rolling furrow opener is mainly a disc furrow opener, and can cut off roots and stems of plants and prevent grass hanging and soil heaping when a disc rotates, so that the disc furrow opener is good in adaptability and is commonly used for a no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine to perform furrowing operation.
The operation quality of the existing disc furrow opener in the operation environment with the straw stubble and the root soil complex body on the market is poor, the adaptability of the same disc furrow opener to different operation environments is poor, after the operation environment is changed, the operation effect is unsatisfactory, the operation resistance is large in the operation process of the existing disc furrow opener, the soil-entering soil-breaking stubble cutting performance is not excellent enough, the damage cutting effect to the root soil complex body is poor, the wear resistance is poor, and the service life is short. Therefore, a need exists for a novel disc furrow opener.
Compared with other disc openers, the notched disc opener has excellent stubble cutting performance and is more suitable for operation in an operation environment with straw stubble and root soil complex bodies. Bionics is an emerging interdiscipline, and a bionics design method becomes an effective way for optimizing design and improvement of mechanical parts due to the characteristics of high design efficiency, strong adaptability and the like. The bionic design method is used for designing the novel notched disc furrow opener, the operation quality and the service life of the novel notched disc furrow opener in the operation environment with the straw stubble and root soil complex are improved, and the novel notched disc furrow opener has very important theoretical significance and practical significance for research and development of the furrow opener and development of protective farming.
Naked mole rat, soil animal using tooth as excavating organ, its incisor has optimized geometrical structure and excellent mechanical property, in the course of excavating soil and feeding, the incisor has excellent properties of digging into soil and breaking soil, low cutting resistance, high efficiency of cutting soil and plant rhizome, good wear resistance; tiger shark, a carnivorous animal in the shark family, which is second only to the fierce and impatient squash, predates on shellfish, crustaceans and fish, whose teeth can bite off and grind very hard objects, with optimized geometry. The intelligent electric control technology is widely applied to mechanical equipment, so that the mechanical equipment is automatically controlled to actively complete work tasks, and the work efficiency of the mechanical equipment is greatly improved. Consequently be applied to naked mole rat and tiger shark tooth structural design of breach disc furrow opener to combine intelligent electrical technology, optimize the geometric structure and the mechanical properties of breach disc furrow opener, design a real-time double-deck bionical breach disc furrow opener of formula of can regulating and control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing disc furrow openers on the market and provide a real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener which has the advantages of strong wear resistance, excellent soil entering performance, good soil breaking and stubble cutting performance, high operation efficiency, long service life, suitability for different operation environments and capability of actively changing the blade.
The ditching device comprises a notch disc component IA, a connecting piece B, a ditching handle C, a notch disc component IID, a screw I1 and a screw II 2, wherein the notch disc component IA and the notch disc component IID are symmetrically arranged around an a-a central longitudinal axis, and the ditching handle C is fixedly connected to the top center of a base 24 in the connecting piece B; the right end of a connecting shaft 7 in the notch disc assembly IA is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve I25 of a connecting piece B through a screw I1; the left end of a connecting shaft 7 in the notch disc assembly IID is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve II 26 of the connecting piece B through a screw II 2; the included angle beta between the notch disc 3 of the notch disc assembly IA and the lower end of the disc of the notch disc assembly IID is 10-32 degrees as same as the included angle alpha of the base 24 in the connecting piece B.
The structure of the notch disc assembly IA is completely the same as that of the notch disc assembly IID, the directions are opposite, wherein the notch disc assembly IA is composed of a notch disc 3, a dustproof cover 4, a bearing seat 5, a nut 6, a connecting shaft 7, a bearing 8 and an intelligent switching device E, the notch disc 3 is composed of a disc piece I14, a disc piece II 18, a notch soil cutting blade 10 and a stubble breaking soil penetrating blade 11, the disc piece I14 and the disc piece II 18 are identical in structure, the section mn inside the disk piece is of a hollow structure, the section ns of the edge of the disk piece is of a solid structure, the directions are opposite and the two sections are symmetrically arranged, the disc piece I14 and the disc piece II 18 are fixedly connected through a bolt group (19) to form a double-layer structure, the disc body supporting section bc of the disc piece I14 and the disc piece II 18 is a smooth plane, and the soil penetrating groove section cd is a bionic resistance-reducing corrugated structure curved surface F; the notch soil cutting blades 10 are obtained by symmetrically cutting the curved surface of the disc body through a bionic curve ef, a groove I12 with a through hole I13 is formed between the two notch soil cutting blades 10 on the right side of the disc piece I14, and a groove II 16 with a through hole II 17 is formed between the two notch soil cutting blades 10 on the left side of the disc piece II 18.
The stubble breaking and soil penetrating blade 11 is provided with two blade-shaped structures, namely an arc blade 20 and a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21, wherein the arc blade 20 is of an arc structure with a central angle of 15 degrees, the cutting edge has a bionic included angle gamma which is 20-30 degrees, and the cutting edge is arranged in the groove I12 and is in sliding connection with the groove I; the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 is a tooth-shaped microstructure and is provided with a tooth-shaped monomer, the tooth-shaped monomer is designed according to a bionic curve op and a bionic curve pq and is uniformly arrayed according to a curve jk, the tooth-shaped monomer is placed in the groove II 16 and is in sliding connection with the groove II, the number of the notch soil-cutting blades 10, the number of the arc blades 20 of the stubble-breaking soil-entering blade 11 and the number of the bionic tooth-shaped blades 21 are the same, and are 12, and the tooth-shaped blades are uniformly distributed around the center of the notch disc 3.
The inner ring of the bearing 8 is in interference connection with the surface of the connecting shaft 7 close to the left end; the outer ring of the bearing 8 is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing seat 5, and the right end of the bearing seat 5 is fixedly connected to the left surface of a disc I14 in the notched disc 3 through a bolt group 9; the nut 6 is in threaded connection with the left end of the connecting shaft 7; the right end of the connecting shaft 7 penetrates through the central hole of the notch disc 3; the dust cover 4 covers the bearing seat 5, the nut 6, the connecting shaft 7, the bearing 8 and the intelligent switching device E, and the right end of the dust cover 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the disc I14 in the notched disc 3 through the bolt group 9.
The intelligent switching device E is composed of a low-voltage control circuit I and a high-voltage working circuit II, wherein the low-voltage control circuit I is composed of an electromagnetic relay 27, a pressure sensor 28, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 29 and a single chip microcomputer 30, the electromagnetic relay 27, the pressure sensor 28, the A/D converter 29 and the single chip microcomputer 30 are arranged inside the dustproof cover 4 and fixedly connected to the side face of the dustproof cover 4, the pressure sensor 28 is connected to the low-voltage control circuit I through a lead, 12 groups of strain gauges of the pressure sensor 28 are respectively bonded to the outer edge of the 12 stubble breaking soil-entering blade 11 of the notch disc 3, and the electromagnetic relay 27 is connected with the low-voltage control circuit I and the high-voltage working circuit II in series.
The high-voltage working circuit II consists of a high-voltage power supply 31 and a blade changing structure 32, wherein the high-voltage power supply 31 is a vehicle-mounted external power supply and is connected with the high-voltage working circuit II through a lead; the blade changing structure 32 comprises an electromagnet 33, an armature 36, a connecting rod I22, a connecting rod II 23, an arc blade 20, a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21, a spring 35 and a support 34, wherein the lower end of the electromagnet 33 is fixedly connected to one side of a lower cross rod of the support 34, the center of the armature 36 is hinged to the upper portion of a vertical rod of the support 34, the lower end of the spring 35 is fixedly connected to the other side of the lower cross rod of the support 34, the upper end of the spring 35 is fixedly connected with one end of the armature 36, and the support 34 is fixedly connected to the left surface of the disc piece I14; the electromagnet 33, the armature 36, the spring 35 and the bracket 34 are arranged on the left side of the disc I14; the connecting rod I22 and the connecting rod II 23 are arranged in a hollow part between the disc piece I14 and the disc piece II 18, the inner end of the connecting rod I22 is fixedly connected to the left end of the armature 36 through a through hole III 15 on the left side of the disc piece I14, and the outer end of the connecting rod I22 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the arc blade 20 through a through hole I13 of the groove I12; the inner end of a connecting rod II 23 is fixedly connected to the right end of an armature 36 through a through hole III 15 in the left of a disc sheet I14, the outer end of the connecting rod II 23 is fixedly connected with the inner end of a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 through a through hole II 17 of a groove II 16, the blade changing structures 32 are 12 groups in total, are uniformly distributed around the center of the notched disc 3 and are connected into a high-voltage working circuit II in parallel.
The mathematical expression of the bionic corrugated resistance-reducing structure curved surface F is as follows:
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 350.
The mathematical expression of the bionic curve ef is as follows:
y＝4.359e-8*x4-1.828e-5*x3+0.001055*x2+0.4903x+4.391
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 60 and less than or equal to 180.
The mathematical expression of the curve jk is as follows:
y＝0.01111*x3-1.069x2+34.42x-329
wherein: x is more than or equal to 24 and less than or equal to 30.
The mathematical expression of the bionic curve op is as follows:
y＝-1.798e-5*x3+0.01216*x2-2.989*x+293.6
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 200.
The mathematical expression of the bionic curve pq is as follows:
y＝-6.811e-6*x3-0.001763*x2+0.03047*x+41.99
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 120.
The radius R of the notch disc 3 is 130-170mm, the thickness T is 8-10mm, and the notch depth H is 25-35 mm.
The invention utilizes the bionics principle, adopts the reverse engineering technology, takes naked mole rat incising teeth with typical soil excavation characteristics and tiger shark teeth with cutting characteristics as bionic prototypes, obtains the characteristic mechanism of low power consumption, low resistance, low abrasion and high-efficiency cutting in the process of excavating soil and cutting food by analyzing and researching the tooth structures and occlusion modes of the naked mole rat and tiger shark teeth, and designs the real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener by utilizing the curved surface and curve characteristics of the naked mole rat and tiger shark teeth and combining the intelligent electric control technology through a bionic coupling method.
During the process of excavating soil by naked mole rats, firstly upper incisors penetrate into the soil without displacement motion and play an anchoring role, secondly lower incisors penetrate into the soil and play a role in cutting the soil with upward displacement motion, and finally skull rotates downwards to excavate the soil in cooperation with teeth, so that the upper incisors and the lower incisors can cut plant roots with high efficiency when the naked mole rats eat the plant roots; tiger shark eats shellfish, crustacean, whale remains, etc., and teeth can bite and grind very hard objects. The above shows that the naked mole rat upper incisor has excellent soil penetration performance, the lower incisor has excellent soil penetration, soil breaking and root cutting capabilities, and the tiger shark tooth has excellent cutting performance. In addition, the two organisms are naturally selected and biologically evolved, and the geometric shapes of the teeth have the advantages of reducing cutting resistance, improving wear resistance and the like. Consequently, be used for designing the longitudinal curved surface of breach disc furrow opener hacking section disk body that digs the section with naked mole rat lower incisor, with the resistance that digs, improve ditching performance, have naked mole rat upper incisor have the tip outside of obvious hacking effect and pierce section curve and the bionical coupling design breach disc furrow opener profile of tooth curve, with the hack stubble performance of breach disc furrow opener blade ingression, be used for the inside and outside contained angle of naked mole rat lower incisor to be used for the cutting edge angle of breach disc furrow opener circular arc edge, with the resistance that reduces the blade and receives, improve the performance of ingressing, the inboard cutting section curve that has obvious hacking effect with naked mole rat lower incisor is used for breach design of breach disc furrow opener, with the hack stubble root cutting performance of breach disc furrow opener breach department that improves, the cutting ability of the bionical furrow opener of design has further been guaranteed. The two biological tooth geometric characteristics are used for designing the notch disc furrow opener, and meanwhile, the wear resistance and the service life of the furrow opener are also improved.
Utilize intelligent electrical control technology to design the furrow opener structure, improve the passive formula of trading the sword of furrow opener and trade the sword for active, according to the atress condition of breach disc in different operation environment, regulate and control blade structure in real time to guarantee breach disc furrow opener high efficiency, high quality operation.
A real-time adjustable double-layer bionic notched disc furrow opener is installed at the front end of a no-tillage planter, furrowing operation is carried out along with the advance of machines, under the action of a bionic curved surface, a bionic notched soil cutting blade and a bionic stubble cutting blade, a notched disc of a notched disc assembly IA and a notched disc of a notched disc assembly IID cut into soil, at the moment, strain gauges of a pressure sensor positioned at the outer edge of the stubble cutting blade contact with a soil layer to start data acquisition, analysis is carried out according to the stress, the cutting edge shape of a stubble cutting blade 11 is an arc blade shape at a soil loosening position, at the moment, an arc blade 20 with a bionic blade edge angle carries out furrowing operation, along with the change of operation conditions, if soil, field root stubble and other conditions are met, under the assistance of an intelligent switching device, the cutting blade shape is changed in real time, at the moment, the cutting edge of the stubble cutting blade is rapidly switched into a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 by the arc blade 20, high-efficiency ditching operation. The blade of disc stubble-breaking digging edge can prevent hilling production under cutting edge clamping device's protection, through intelligent auto-change over device, real-time initiative sword that trades, under the good condition of operating condition, the operation of circular arc sword 20 ditching reduces the energy consumption, guarantees the operation quality, under the adverse circumstances of operating condition, and the high-efficient stubble-breaking of bionical profile of tooth sword 21 is broken the soil, has protected the circular arc sword not destroyed, reduces the operation resistance simultaneously, improves the operating efficiency. The invention comprehensively utilizes the coupling bionic technology, the intelligent electric control technology and the mechanical manufacturing technology, and has excellent ditching effect under various operation conditions of different soil moisture contents, different ground surface covering conditions and different underground soil structures.
Compared with the existing disc furrow opener in the market, the disc furrow opener has the advantages of excellent soil-entering performance, lower cutting resistance, higher cutting efficiency, better soil-breaking stubble-cutting performance, capability of effectively destroying a root soil complex, good wear resistance, longer service life, suitability for different operating environments, capability of regulating and controlling the cutting edge in real time and active blade changing, and more excellent operating quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a double-layer bionic gap disk furrow opener;
(Note: the left side disk cutting edge is a circular arc edge, the right side disk cutting edge is a bionic tooth-shaped edge)
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a double-layered bionic gap disk furrow opener assembly;
FIG. 3 is a front view structural diagram of a double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a double-layered bionic notched disc with a circular arc edge;
FIG. 5 is a parameter diagram of the included angle of a double-layer bionic notch disc;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the disk;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the disk;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line A-A;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a double-layered bionic notched disc with a circular-arc edge;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of a 1;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a two-layered bionic notched disk with a bionic serrated edge;
FIG. 12 is a partial enlarged view of a 2;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of a double-layer bionic notched disc blade changing structure;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of a portion of a 3;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged partial view of a 4;
FIG. 16 is a front view of the connector;
FIG. 17 is a front view of a double-layered bionic notched disc with a bionic serrated edge;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged partial view of a 5;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the intelligent switching device;
FIG. 20 is a three-dimensional view of a biomimetic curved surface;
wherein: a-notched disc assembly IB-connecting piece C-ditching handle D-notched disc assembly IIE-intelligent switching device F-bionic corrugated resistance-reducing structure curved surface I-low-voltage control circuit II-high-voltage working circuit 1-screw I2-screw II 3-notched disc 34-dust cap 5-bearing seat 6-nut 7-connecting shaft 8-bearing 9-bolt group 10-notched soil cutting edge 11-stubble breaking soil penetrating edge 12-groove I13-through hole I14-disc I15-through hole III 16-groove II 17-through hole II 18-disc II 19-bolt group 20-arc edge 21-bionic tooth-shaped edge 22-connecting rod I23-connecting rod II 24-base 25 The device comprises a shaft sleeve I26, a shaft sleeve II 27, an electromagnetic relay 28, a pressure sensor 29, an A/D converter 30, a single chip microcomputer 31, a high-voltage power supply 32, a blade changing structure 33, an electromagnet 34, a support 35, a spring 36 and an armature.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings
As shown in fig. 1-3 and 16, the present invention comprises a notched disc assembly ia, a connecting member B, a furrowing shank C, a notched disc assembly iid, a screw i 1 and a screw ii 2, wherein the notched disc assembly ia and the notched disc assembly iid are symmetrically arranged about a central longitudinal axis a-a, and the furrowing shank C is fixedly connected to the top center of a base 24 in the connecting member B; the right end of a connecting shaft 7 in the notch disc assembly IA is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve I25 of a connecting piece B through a screw I1; the left end of the connecting shaft in the notch disc assembly IID is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve II 26 of the connecting piece B through a screw II 2.
The structure of the notch disc assembly IA is completely the same as that of the notch disc assembly IID, and the directions of the notch disc assembly IA and the notch disc assembly IID are opposite, wherein the notch disc assembly IA consists of a notch disc 3, a dustproof cover 4, a bearing seat 5, a nut 6, a connecting shaft 7, a bearing 8 and an intelligent switching device E; the inner ring of the bearing 8 is in interference connection with the surface of the connecting shaft 7 close to the left end; the outer ring of the bearing 8 is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing seat 5, and the right end of the bearing seat 5 is fixedly connected to the left surface of a disc I14 in the notched disc 3 through a bolt group 9; the nut 6 is in threaded connection with the left end of the connecting shaft 7; the right end of the connecting shaft 7 penetrates through the central hole of the notch disc 3; the dust cover 4 covers the bearing seat 5, the nut 6, the connecting shaft 7, the bearing 8 and the intelligent switching device E, and the right end of the dust cover 4 is fixedly connected to the left side of the disc I14 in the notched disc 3 through the bolt group 9.
The ditching handle C is fixedly connected to the top of the base 24 in the connecting piece B, and six equidistant connecting holes are formed in the upper end of the ditching handle in order to adjust the ditching depth and achieve the ideal fertilizing depth; in order to make the two notched discs mutually inclined and installed in a staggered way at a certain angle, the base 24 in the connecting piece B has an included angle alpha of a certain angle so as to ensure that the two notched discs are installed at an angle, and the alpha is 10-32 degrees.
As shown in fig. 4-8 and 20, the notched disc 3 has a double-layer hollow structure consisting of a disc piece i 14, a disc piece ii 18, a notched soil cutting blade 10 and a stubble cutting and soil penetrating blade 11. The disc I14 and the disc II 18 are identical in structure, an mn section in the disc I14 and the disc II 18 are of a hollow structure, an ns section at the edge of the disc is of a solid structure, the directions of the ns sections are opposite and the disc I14 and the disc II 18 are symmetrically arranged, the disc I14 and the disc II 18 are fixedly connected through a bolt group 19 to form a double-layer structure, a disc body supporting section bc of the disc I14 and the disc II 18 is a smooth plane, and an earth-entering ditching section cd is a bionic corrugated resistance-reducing structure curved surface F; the notched soil-cutting blades 10 are obtained by symmetrically cutting the curved surface of the disc body by a bionic curve ef, a groove I12 with a through hole I13 is formed between the two notched soil-cutting blades 10 on the right side of the disc piece I14, and a groove II 16 with a through hole II 17 is formed between the two notched soil-cutting blades 10 on the left side of the disc piece II 18; the radius R of the notch disc 3 is 130-170mm, the thickness T is 8-10mm, the notch depth H is 25-35mm, and the included angle beta between the notch disc 3 of the notch disc assembly IA and the lower end of the notch disc assembly IID is 10-32 degrees.
As shown in fig. 9-12, 17 and 18, the stubble breaking soil-entering blade 11 has two blade-shaped structures, namely an arc blade 20 and a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21, wherein the arc blade 20 is of an arc structure with a central angle of 15 degrees, the cutting edge has a bionic included angle gamma of 20-30 degrees, and the cutting edge is arranged in the groove I12 and is in sliding connection with the groove I; the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 is a tooth-shaped microstructure, is a structure designed by coupling naked mole rat teeth and tiger shark teeth in a bionic curve manner, and is provided with a tooth-shaped monomer, wherein the height h of the tooth-shaped monomer is 2-3mm, the tooth-shaped monomer is designed by a bionic curve op and a bionic curve pq, the tooth-shaped monomer is uniformly arrayed according to a curve jk, the tooth-shaped monomer is placed in the groove II 16 and is in sliding connection with the groove II, the numbers of the notch soil cutting blade 10, the arc blade 20 of the stubble breaking soil-entering blade 11 and the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 are the same, and the notch soil-cutting blade 12 and the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 are all 12 and are uniformly distributed around the center of the notch disc 3.
The edge of disc piece I14 and disc piece II 18 establishes to solid construction, is equipped with the recess of band-pass hole between two breach soil cutting sword 10 of disc, and circular arc sword 20 and bionical profile of tooth sword 21 are arranged in the recess, can prevent hilling, prevents that disc during operation soil from getting into the disc inside hollow department, and disc stubble-breaking income sword 11 passes through intelligent auto-change over device E, can be according to the operation environment of difference, and real-time regulation and control blade structural morphology, initiatively trade the sword to realize high-efficient operation.
As shown in fig. 13-15 and fig. 19, the intelligent switching device E comprises a low-voltage control circuit i and a high-voltage working circuit ii, wherein the low-voltage control circuit i comprises an electromagnetic relay 27, a pressure sensor 28, an a/D converter 29 and a single chip microcomputer 30, is arranged inside the dust cover 4, and is fixedly connected to the side surface of the dust cover 4. Wherein the pressure sensor 28 is connected with the low-voltage control circuit I through a lead, 12 groups of strain gauges of the pressure sensor 28 are respectively bonded on the outer edge of the stubble breaking and soil entering blade at the position 12 of the notched disc 3, and the electromagnetic relay 27 is connected with the low-voltage control circuit I and the high-voltage working circuit II in series; the high-voltage working circuit II consists of a high-voltage power supply 31 and a blade changing structure 32, wherein the high-voltage power supply 31 is a vehicle-mounted external power supply and is connected with the high-voltage working circuit II through a lead; the blade changing structure 32 comprises an electromagnet 33, an armature 36, a connecting rod I22, a connecting rod II 23, an arc blade 20, a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21, a spring 35 and a support 34, wherein the lower end of the electromagnet 33 is fixedly connected to one side of a lower cross rod of the support 34, the center of the armature 36 is hinged to the upper portion of a vertical rod of the support 34, the lower end of the spring 35 is fixedly connected to the other side of the lower cross rod of the support 34, the upper end of the spring 35 is fixedly connected with one end of the armature 36, and the support 34 is fixedly connected to the left surface of the disc piece I14; the electromagnet 33, the armature 36, the spring 35 and the bracket 34 are arranged on the left side of the disc piece I14; the connecting rod I22 and the connecting rod II 23 are arranged in a hollow part between the disc piece I14 and the disc piece II 18, the inner end of the connecting rod I22 is fixedly connected to the left end of the armature 36 through a through hole III 15 on the left side of the disc piece I14, and the outer end of the connecting rod I22 is fixedly connected with the inner end of the arc blade 20 through a through hole I13 of the groove I12; the inner end of a connecting rod II 23 is fixedly connected to the right end of an armature 36 through a through hole III 15 in the left of a disc sheet I14, the outer end of the connecting rod II 23 is fixedly connected with the inner end of a bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 through a through hole II 17 of a groove II 16, the blade changing structures 32 are 12 groups in total, are uniformly distributed around the center of the notched disc 3 and are connected into a high-voltage working circuit II in parallel.
The initial structure form of the blade part of the disc stubble-breaking soil-entering blade 11 is an arc blade 20, the furrow opener is in different working environments, the stress conditions of the notched disc are different, 12 groups of strain gauges of the pressure sensor 28 are respectively adhered to the outer edge of the stubble-breaking soil-entering blade at 12 positions of the notched disc for detecting the stress conditions of the notched disc in real time and converting the stress conditions into analog voltage signals for outputting, the output analog voltage signals are converted into digital signals through an A/D converter 29, the singlechip 30 carries out real-time data acquisition and carries out comparison analysis with set values, when the stress of the notched disc detected by the pressure sensor 28 is larger than the limit value of the set pressure, the digital signals acquired by the singlechip 30 are larger than the set values, the singlechip 30 controls the contact switch of the electromagnetic relay 27 to be closed, at the moment, the high-voltage working circuit II forms a closed loop, the electromagnet 33 of the 12 groups of blade-changing structures connected in parallel in the high-voltage working circuit obtains strong magnetism, attracting the armature 36, making the left end of the armature 36 descend and the right end ascend, further making the connecting rod I22 fixedly connected to the left side of the armature 36 move downwards, driving the circular arc blade 20 to be received in the groove I12, making the connecting rod II 23 fixedly connected to the right side of the armature 36 and connected with the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 move upwards, pushing 12 groups of bionic tooth-shaped blades 21 to the blade part of the stubble breaking and soil penetrating blade 11, changing the blade edge from the circular arc blade 20 to the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21, and being capable of high-quality operation in the environment with hard soil texture and more stubbles; when the pressure sensor 28 detects that the stress of the notched disc is smaller than the limit value of the set pressure, the digital signal acquired by the singlechip 30 is smaller than the set numerical value, the singlechip 30 controls the contact switch of the electromagnetic relay 27 to be switched off, the high-voltage working circuit II is in an open circuit at the moment, the electromagnet 33 has no magnetism, the spring 35 is restored to the natural state from the stretching state, under the action of the tension of the spring 35, the connecting rod II 23 fixedly connected to the right side of the armature 36 and connected with the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 moves downwards, the tooth-shaped blade 21 is received in the groove II 16 and fixedly connected to the left side of the armature 36, the connecting rod I22 connected with the circular-arc blade 20 moves upwards to push the circular-arc blade 20 to the blade part of the stubble breaking and entering soil blade 11, the cutting edge is changed from the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 to the circular-arc blade 20, and high-quality operation can be carried out under the environment with soft soil texture and less stubbles.
Bionic ripple drag reduction structure curved surface F, the longitudinal curved surface design of the section is pierced to the imitative naked mole undercut tooth outside, and the expression is:
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 350;
the breach cuts native sword 10 is obtained by bionical curve ef symmetry cutting disk body curved surface, and the design is cut the inboard cutting section curve of tooth under the imitative naked mole rat, and the expression is:
y＝4.359e-8*x4-1.828e-5*x3+0.001055*x2+0.4903x+4.391
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 60 and less than or equal to 180.
The tooth-shaped monomer array line jk of the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 is designed by a curve simulating a section pierced outside upper teeth of a naked mole, and the expression is as follows:
y＝0.01111*x3-1.069x2+34.42x-329
wherein: x is more than or equal to 24 and less than or equal to 30.
The tooth-shaped monomer op section of the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 is designed by simulating a curve on the outer side of a tiger shark tooth, and the expression is as follows:
y＝-1.798e-5*x3+0.01216*x2-2.989*x+293.6
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 200.
The tooth-shaped monomer pq section of the bionic tooth-shaped blade 21 is designed by imitating the curve of the inner side of a tiger shark tooth, and the expression is as follows:
y＝-6.811e-6*x3-0.001763*x2+0.03047*x+41.99
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 120.
Claims (6)
1. A real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener is characterized by comprising a gap disc assembly I (A), a connecting piece (B), a furrow opening handle (C), a gap disc assembly II (D), a screw I (1) and a screw II (2), wherein the gap disc assembly I (A) and the gap disc assembly II (D) are symmetrically arranged around an a-a central longitudinal axis, and the furrow opening handle (C) is fixedly connected to the top center of a base (24) in the connecting piece (B); the right end of a connecting shaft (7) in the notch disc assembly I (A) is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve I (25) of a connecting piece (B) through a screw I (1); the left end of a connecting shaft (7) in the notch disc assembly II (D) is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve II (26) of the connecting piece (B) through a screw II (2); an included angle beta between the notch disc (3) of the notch disc component I (A) and the lower end of the disc of the notch disc component II (D) is the same as an included angle alpha between a base (24) in the connecting piece (B) and is 10-32 degrees; the structure of the notch disc assembly I (A) is completely the same as that of the notch disc assembly II (D), the directions of the notch disc assembly I (A) are opposite, the notch disc assembly I (A) is composed of a notch disc (3), a dust cover (4), a bearing seat (5), a nut (6), a connecting shaft (7), a bearing (8) and an intelligent switching device (E), the notch disc (3) is composed of a disc sheet I (14), a disc sheet II (18), a notch soil cutting blade (10) and a stubble breaking soil cutting blade (11), the disk sheet I (14) and the disc sheet II (18) are identical in structure, the inner mn section is of a hollow structure, the disc sheet ns section is of a solid structure, the directions of the disc sheet I (14) and the disc sheet II (18) are fixedly connected through a bolt group (19), a double-layer structure is formed, the disc sheet I (14) and the disc support section bc of the disc sheet II (18) are smooth planes, the trench digging section cd is a bionic corrugated resistance reducing structure curved surface (F); the notched soil-cutting blades (10) are obtained by symmetrically cutting the curved surface of the disc body by a bionic curve ef, a groove I (12) with a through hole I (13) is arranged between two notched soil-cutting blades (10) on the right side of the disc piece I (14), and a groove II (16) with a through hole II (17) is arranged between two notched soil-cutting blades (10) on the left side of the disc piece II (18); the radius R of the notch disc (3) is 130-170mm, the thickness T is 8-10mm, and the notch depth H is 25-35 mm; the stubble breaking and soil penetrating blade (11) is provided with two blade-shaped structures, namely an arc blade (20) and a bionic tooth-shaped blade (21), wherein the arc blade (20) is of an arc structure with a central angle of 15 degrees, the cutting edge has a bionic included angle gamma of 20-30 degrees, and the cutting edge is arranged in the groove I (12) and is in sliding connection with the groove I; the bionic tooth-shaped blade (21) is a tooth-shaped microstructure and is provided with a tooth-shaped monomer, the tooth-shaped monomer is designed according to a bionic curve op and a bionic curve pq, the tooth-shaped monomer is uniformly arrayed according to a curve jk, is arranged in the groove II (16) and is in sliding connection with the groove II, the numbers of the notch soil-cutting blade (10), the arc blade (20) of the stubble-breaking soil-entering blade (11) and the bionic tooth-shaped blade (21) are the same and are 12, and the notch soil-cutting blade, the arc blade and the bionic tooth-shaped blade are uniformly distributed around the center of the notch disc (3); the inner ring of the bearing (8) is in interference connection with the surface of the connecting shaft (7) close to the left end; the outer ring of the bearing (8) is in interference connection with the inner ring of the bearing seat (5), and the right end of the bearing seat (5) is fixedly connected to the left surface of a disc I (14) in the notched disc (3) through a bolt group (9); the nut (6) is in threaded connection with the left end of the connecting shaft (7); the right end of the connecting shaft (7) penetrates through the central hole of the notch disc (3); the dustproof cover (4) covers the bearing seat (5), the nut (6), the connecting shaft (7), the bearing (8) and the intelligent switching device (E), and the right end of the dustproof cover (4) is fixedly connected to the left side of a disc I (14) in the notched disc (3) through a bolt group (9); the intelligent switching device (E) is composed of a low-voltage control circuit (I) and a high-voltage working circuit (II), wherein the low-voltage control circuit (I) is composed of an electromagnetic relay (27), a pressure sensor (28), an A/D converter (29) and a single chip microcomputer (30), the electromagnetic relay (27), the pressure sensor (28), the A/D converter (29) and the single chip microcomputer (30) are arranged inside the dustproof cover (4) and fixedly connected to the side face of the dustproof cover (4), the pressure sensor (28) is connected to the low-voltage control circuit (I) through a lead, 12 groups of strain gauges of the pressure sensor (28) are respectively bonded to the outer edge of the stubble breaking and soil entering blade (11) at the position 12 of the notch disc (3), and the electromagnetic relay (27) is connected with the low-voltage control circuit (I) and the high-voltage working circuit (II) in series; the high-voltage working circuit (II) consists of a high-voltage power supply (31) and a blade changing structure (32), wherein the high-voltage power supply (31) is a vehicle-mounted external power supply and is connected with the high-voltage working circuit (II) by a lead; the blade changing structure (32) consists of an electromagnet (33), an armature (36), a connecting rod I (22), a connecting rod II (23), an arc blade (20), a bionic tooth-shaped blade (21), a spring (35) and a support (34), wherein the lower end of the electromagnet (33) is fixedly connected to one side of a lower cross rod of the support (34), the center of the armature (36) is hinged to the upper part of a vertical rod of the support (34), the lower end of the spring (35) is fixedly connected to the other side of the lower cross rod of the support (34), the upper end of the spring (35) is fixedly connected to one end of the armature (36), and the support (34) is fixedly connected to the left surface of the disc piece I (14); the electromagnet (33), the armature (36), the spring (35) and the bracket (34) are arranged on the left surface of the disc sheet I (14); the connecting rod I (22) and the connecting rod II (23) are arranged in a hollow position between the disc piece I (14) and the disc piece II (18), the inner end of the connecting rod I (22) is fixedly connected to the left end of the armature (36) through a through hole III (15) in the left side of the disc piece I (14), and the outer end of the connecting rod I (22) is fixedly connected with the inner end of the arc blade (20) through a through hole I (13) of the groove I (12); the inner end of a connecting rod II (23) is fixedly connected to the right end of an armature iron (36) through a through hole III (15) on the left side of a disc sheet I (14), the outer end of the connecting rod II (23) is fixedly connected with the inner end of a bionic tooth-shaped blade (21) through a through hole II (17) of a groove II (16), the blade changing structures (32) are 12 groups in total, are uniformly distributed around the center of the notched disc (3), and are connected into a high-voltage working circuit (II) in parallel; the initial structure of the blade part of the disc stubble-breaking soil-entering blade (11) is an arc blade (20), a pressure sensor (28) detects the stress condition of the notched disc in real time and converts the stress condition into an analog voltage signal to be output, the output analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through an A/D converter (29), a single chip microcomputer (30) carries out real-time data acquisition and carries out comparison analysis with a set value, when the pressure sensor (28) detects that the stress of the notched disc is greater than the limit value of the set pressure, the digital signal acquired by the single chip microcomputer (30) is greater than the set value, and the cutting edge is changed into a bionic tooth-shaped blade (21) from the arc blade (20); when the pressure sensor (28) detects that the stress of the notched disc is smaller than the limit value of the set pressure, the digital signal acquired by the singlechip (30) is smaller than the set numerical value, and the cutting edge is changed from the bionic tooth-shaped blade (21) to the arc-shaped blade (20).
2. The real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical expression of the bionic corrugated resistance-reducing structure curved surface (F) is as follows:
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 100 and less than or equal to 350.
3. The real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical expression of the bionic curve ef is as follows:
y＝4.359e-8*x4-1.828e-5*x3+0.001055*x2+0.4903x+4.391
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 60 and less than or equal to 180.
4. The real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical expression of the curve jk is as follows:
y＝0.01111*x3-1.069x2+34.42x-329
wherein: x is more than or equal to 24 and less than or equal to 30.
5. The real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disk furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical expression of the bionic curve op is as follows:
y＝-1.798e-5*x3+0.01216*x2-2.989*x+293.6
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 200.
6. The real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mathematical expression of the bionic curve pq is as follows:
y＝-6.811e-6*x3-0.001763*x2+0.03047*x+41.99
wherein: e is a natural logarithm, and e is 2.71828 … …; x is more than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 120.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811078877.7A CN108848775B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811078877.7A CN108848775B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108848775A CN108848775A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108848775B true CN108848775B (en) | 2022-07-12 |
Family
ID=64324243
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811078877.7A Active CN108848775B (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108848775B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511327B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2023-09-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Coupling bionic double-disc furrow opener suitable for viscous-weight soil |
| CN109496502A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-03-22 | 青岛普兰泰克机械科技有限公司 | Self-propelled cereal cell drill for sowing in lines |
| CN110800398B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-03-08 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Multi-process corn stubble land belt cleaning device and method |
| CN112292991A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 萧县威辰机电工程设备有限公司 | Wheat disseminator suitable for after rotary tillage |
| CN113056969B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-11 | 吉林大学 | Self-adjusting bionic deep scarification device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1120334A (en) * | 1979-02-12 | 1982-03-23 | Ronald M. Steilen | Double disk opener assembly and disk blade therefor |
| NL1007375C2 (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-05-10 | Maasland Nv | Agricultural machine. |
| CN2414603Y (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-01-17 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院耕作种植机械研究所 | Alternated large and small double disc side lower seed and fertilizer separately applied furrower for seeder |
| CN2529494Y (en) * | 2001-12-31 | 2003-01-08 | 马晓峰 | Double-disc opening share |
| CN103416134B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of cutaway disk stubble breaking knife and breaking ditching device |
| CN105165187B (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-12 | 吉林大学 | Bionic curved-surface circular disc fertilization furrow opener |
-
2018
- 2018-09-17 CN CN201811078877.7A patent/CN108848775B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108848775A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108848775B (en) | Real-time adjustable double-layer bionic gap disc furrow opener | |
| Cloutier et al. | Mechanical weed management | |
| CN107439061B (en) | Fitting curve type subsoiler handle | |
| CN109463045A (en) | It is a kind of for subsoiling when dynamic bionic clod-crusher | |
| CN203105068U (en) | Multi-tooth hoe blade of hoeing robot | |
| CN209251039U (en) | A kind of real-time, tunable control formula double-layer bionic cutaway disk plough | |
| Khudayarov et al. | Crushing of cottons under the influence of teeth roll in combined aggregate | |
| CN107548587B (en) | Bionic subsoiler device with small resistance | |
| CN102204447B (en) | Water chestnut excavator | |
| CN210016842U (en) | Bionic ploughshare taking sand fish exendin as prototype | |
| CN201995284U (en) | Resistance-reducing ploughshare | |
| CN212436238U (en) | Adjustable soil turning equipment for agricultural planting | |
| CN202050688U (en) | Water chestnut digger | |
| CN102265726A (en) | Arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel | |
| CN112088618A (en) | Multifunctional sunflower seeder with functions of controlling seeding depth and planting distance | |
| CN202721961U (en) | Reciprocating shovel type tillage machine | |
| US2291144A (en) | Reversible hoe | |
| CN106688341A (en) | Bionic cutting-stubble blade mechanism based on the structural characteristic of mantis propodeum | |
| CN206525099U (en) | A kind of rotary ploughing part assembly for vega cultivation and banking operation | |
| CN201726654U (en) | Stubble cutting raking machine | |
| CN215500360U (en) | Rear suspension type vertical rotary cultivator of tractor | |
| CN103960093B (en) | A kind of fig of killing is survived the winter the method for roundheaded borer | |
| CN209017401U (en) | A kind of rotary cultivator | |
| CN213462937U (en) | Multifunctional sunflower seeder with functions of controlling seeding depth and planting distance | |
| CN213755566U (en) | Hoe head |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |