CN102265726A - Arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. By simulation analysis and optimization designs, the invention aims to design an arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel which has an obvious soil compacting and breaking effect and reduces working resistance. The arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel consists of three parts, namely a rectangular straight shovel handle base, a circular arc-shaped shovel blade and a shovel head. The arc-shaped sub-soiling shovel has the obvious soil compacting and breaking effect, reduces the working resistance, contributes to the sliding of stalks and is suitable for technical requirements of conservation tillage.

Description

The arc deep soil loosing shovel

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural mechanical field.

Background technology

Dark pine is one of conservation tillage key technology; deep loose plough mainly adopts subsoiler that soil is cut; loosening topsoil soils; break tillage pan; reaching the water penetration of regulating soil " three-phase " ratio, strengthening soil, the effect that improves soil drought resisting anti-disaster ability, improves the soil, is a kind of methods of cultivation of retaining and conserveing soil moisture that are fit to very much northern dry land.Present domestic subsoiler is of a great variety, and the recoverable amount of machine is also increasing year by year, and the performance difference of machine is bigger.Deep soil loosing shovel is the main working parts of subsoiler, is determining the depth of implements of subsoiler, the effect of loosening the soil, soil block size to scatter and disappear with displacement, working resistance, moisture content and hinder root and hinder service behaviours such as growth of cereal crop seedlings condition.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is by simulation analysis and optimal design, design a kind of arc deep soil loosing shovel that has obvious firming hack effect and reduce working resistance.

The present invention is made up of rectangle straight shovel handle seat, the circular arc edge of shovel and shovel three parts,

On a, the rectangle straight shovel handle seat pit is arranged;

B, rectangle straight shovel handle seat are connected with arc transition with circular arc edge of shovel section, edge of shovel Quenching Treatment, and the central angle of the circular arc edge of shovel is 62o, during tilling depth 30～40cm, angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground reduces to 34o from 58o, and during tilling depth 35cm place, the angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground is 45o;

C, shovel head are connected with the tangent line transition of the circular arc edge of shovel, and the shovel head is 23o with horizontal plane angle.

Arc deep soil loosing shovel handle of the present invention has following outstanding advantage:

1, has tangible firming hack effect.Avoid large clod to stir and pressed seedling, big root and the fast shortcoming of the pine back big water evaporates in soil block slit of hindering of soil body moving displacement.Realized not only dark pine but also do not play soil block, the not only ventilative but also not loss of moisture, not only loosened the soil but also do not hinder the purpose of root.

2, reduced working resistance.The soil box experiment shows that under the same speed and under the same dark loose degree of depth, the working resistance of arc deep soil loosing shovel has reduced more than 10% than the working resistance of common deep soil loosing shovel

3, the dark loose degree of depth is 30cm---during 40cm, edge of shovel tangent line and ground angle are 58 °---and 34 °, have stronger sliding cutting effect, be beneficial to the stem stalk and slip over, be suitable for the protective farming technique requirement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Embodiment

The present invention is made up of rectangle straight shovel handle seat, the circular arc edge of shovel and shovel three parts,

On a, the rectangle straight shovel handle seat pit is arranged;

B, rectangle straight shovel handle seat are connected with arc transition with circular arc edge of shovel section, edge of shovel Quenching Treatment, and the central angle of the circular arc edge of shovel is 62o, during tilling depth 30～40cm, angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground reduces to 34o from 58o, and during tilling depth 35cm place, the angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground is 45o;

C, shovel head are connected with the tangent line transition of the circular arc edge of shovel, and the shovel head is 23o with horizontal plane angle.

By observing general deep soil loosing shovel, manage in conjunction with subsoiler, on the basis of observing the farming of a large amount of fields, big to the resistance that occurs in the subsoiler cultivating procedure, the large clod passing causes with upset hinders root pressure seedling, the soil moisture a series of problems such as fast of scattering and disappearing are summarized, design novel arc deep soil loosing shovel in conjunction with computer simulation technique and PRO/E 3D solid mapping software, utilize the ANSYS finite element analysis software to carry out simulation analysis and optimal design, by soil box experiment and the arc deep soil loosing shovel horizontal direction force of field trial to being invented, stressed and the moment of torsion of vertical direction carries out test analysis, and compares with dark loose resistance of general deep soil loosing shovel and dark loose effect.Experimental result shows that camber deep soil loosing shovel handle has tangible firming and hack effect, grading after the operation, and working resistance is little, and the lost speed of water evaporates is low.

Arc deep soil loosing shovel material of the present invention is the 65Mn steel, is made up of rectangle straight shovel handle seat, the circular arc edge of shovel and three parts of general purpose shovel head.Rectangle straight shovel handle seat is a cuboid, and the spade width B is 70mm, and thickness A is 30mm, and spade top is processed with pit, is used for bolt, and tilling depth scope H is 20-40cm; Edge of shovel Quenching Treatment, the central angle of the circular arc edge of shovel are 62 °, and tilling depth is during from 30cm to 40cm, the angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground

Be reduced to 34 ° from 58 °, tilling depth when the 35cm place,

Be 45 ⁰, equate to have tangible sliding cutting effect with slip cutting angle between metal material and soil, grass roots.The resultant direction of edge of shovel top and edge of shovel bottom is a horizontal direction during farming, and vertical direction make a concerted effort cancel out each other, the effect of firming hack is played in the top edge of shovel soil chopping that the bottom edge of shovel is dug simultaneously.The cross section of deep soil loosing shovel handle band cutting edge part is a pentagon, and blade tip partly is an isosceles triangle, and spade and frame standing part and working portion adopt arc transition; Shovel head part and first the causing of common deep soil loosing shovel shovel are with the angle of horizontal plane All be 23 °, deep soil loosing shovel point that can installation code has improved versatility.The shovel end, connect by countersunk bolt with the shovel head, reduces the working resistance of deep soil loosing shovel.

The blade curve of described edge of shovel outer arc and inner arc satisfies following equation respectively:

The spade outer arc:

(1)

The spade inner edge:

(2)

Fig. 1 shows arc deep soil loosing shovel structure of the present invention, in Fig. 1, origin of coordinates O is the structural representation in the deep soil loosing shovel YOZ plane (vertical vertical plane) for perpendicular directional line and the horizontal direction line intersection point that passes through a shovel minimum point by the edge of shovel inner arc center of circle, Fig. 1, and the wide B of spade is 70mm, thickness A is 30mm, be furnished with pit above, connect with the spade storehouse by bolt, the adjusting depth H of tilling depth is last 20-40cm, the spade and the edge of shovel adopt arc-shaped transition, radius of circle in the edge of shovel

Be 300mm, cylindrical is

Be 326mm, spade band cutting edge part cross section is a pentagon, and blade tip partly is an isosceles triangle, and the general purpose shovel head can be installed general spear, and changes conveniently, shovel head and horizontal sextant angle

Be 23 °, be positioned on the same vertical guide with spade top, reduce the resistance of deep soil loosing shovel at vertical direction, the shovel end, link to each other by countersunk bolt with the shovel head.Wherein the blade curve of edge of shovel outer arc and inner arc satisfies following equation respectively:

The spade outer arc:

(1)

The spade inner edge:

(2)

By experimental results demonstrate, the angle between spade thickness and edge of shovel radian, edge of shovel tangent line and the horizontal plane, shovel head influence bigger with spade distance in the horizontal direction to dark loose effect and dark loose power consumption.Wherein under equal conditions the angle between edge of shovel tangent line and horizontal plane, spade thickness are bigger to dark loose drag effects, and the shovel head is bigger to dark loose influential effect with spade distance, spade thickness in the horizontal direction.Experimental results show that the spade thickness B is 30mm, the shovel head overlaps the edge of shovel and contact position, ground tangent line in the horizontal direction with spade

Can be used as the optimal parameter combination of arc deep soil loosing shovel when being 45 °, have the superperformance that reduces resistance, the dark loose scope of expansion, reduces land movement, both helped retaining and conserveing soil moisture, little to the crop root damage simultaneously.

Soil bin test shows, when operation speed by 4km/h to 6km/h, the dark loose degree of depth by 20cm during to 40cm, the working resistance of arc deep soil loosing shovel handle has reduced more than 10% than the working resistance of common deep soil loosing shovel handle.Field trial shows that the average displacement that soil block stirs and passes only is 17% of common deep soil loosing shovel, and fast average-size about 4---the 6cm of soil is 1/3 of a common deep soil loosing shovel---1/5, and the seedling phenomenon is pressed in no large clod upset.The zone of loosening the soil is an inverted isosceles trapezoid, and laterally the maximum scope of loosening the soil can reach 50---60cm.

Claims (1)

1. arc deep soil loosing shovel is characterized in that: forms by rectangle straight shovel handle seat, the circular arc edge of shovel and shovel three parts,

On a, the rectangle straight shovel handle seat pit is arranged;

B, rectangle straight shovel handle seat are connected with arc transition with circular arc edge of shovel section, edge of shovel Quenching Treatment, and the central angle of the circular arc edge of shovel is 62o, during tilling depth 30～40cm, angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground reduces to 34o from 58o, and during tilling depth 35cm place, the angle between edge of shovel tangent line and ground is 45o;

C, shovel head are connected with the tangent line transition of the circular arc edge of shovel, and the shovel head is 23o with horizontal plane angle.

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