CN108840644A - 一种耐50次循环冻融的石膏制品 - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/147—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form beta-hemihydrate
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Abstract
一种耐50次循环冻融的石膏制品，属非金属材料领域。以工业固废脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏经低温煅烧制备的普通β型半水石膏为基材，以金属硅冶炼的烟道尘“工业硅灰”为封堵剂，以PVC糊树脂生产中的半成品聚合乳液为防水剂制备的高性能石膏制品。该石膏材料具有低能耗、有效利用工业固废的环保优势，产品有广泛应用于户外的潜力。
Description
技术领域
一种耐50次循环冻融的石膏制品，属非金属材料领域。以工业固废脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏经低温煅烧制备的普通β型半水石膏为基材，以金属硅冶炼的烟道尘“工业硅灰”为封堵剂，以PVC糊树脂生产中的半成品聚合乳液为防水剂制备的高性能石膏制品。该石膏材料具有低能耗、有效利用工业固废的环保优势，产品有广泛应用于户外的潜力。
背景技术
二水石膏结晶体的微溶特性限制了石膏制品的应用领域。为了拓展石膏应用领域，许多科研工作者和技术实践者在石膏防水领域付出了艰辛的努力。目前应用广泛的技术方案主要有毛细管封堵和憎水两个途径，毛细管封堵方案是在石膏浆料中加入不溶于水的物质；例如：在石膏配方中加入防水粉、碳酸钙、氧化硅等，但在实践中并没有很明显的封堵作用，究其原因是上述材料粒径都在10um以上，与石膏晶体中多数存在的100nm－500nm毛细管相差及大。也就是说用10m直径的颗粒去封堵10cm－50cm直径的管道，显然不会有好的效果。效果明显的纳米材料如纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化硅等虽有好的效果但极高的价格并不适合普通石膏制品选用。石膏憎水的方案应用已经非常普遍；例如：在石膏配方中加入石蜡、硬脂酸或硬脂酸盐、可成膜有机硅以及苯丙、聚丙、VAE、EVA及合成树脂等乳液。这些方法防水效果虽然明显，但由于憎水膜及薄且与石膏结晶体的粘接力不足，对于循环冻融这样苛刻试验条件依旧显得明显不足。
发明内容
一种耐50次循环冻融的石膏制品，是以工业固废脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏经低温煅烧制备的普通β型半水石膏为基材，以金属硅冶炼的烟道尘“工业硅灰”为封堵剂，以PVC糊树脂生产中的半成品聚合乳液为防水剂，制备的高性能石膏制品。该石膏材料具备低能耗、有效利用工业固废的环保优势，产品有广泛应用于户外的潜力。
该石膏制品由混合、成型、干燥、塑化4个工艺步骤实现，其中步骤1混合：建筑石膏（优选脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏经煅烧制备的普通β型半水石膏）100质量份，工业硅灰（金属硅冶炼的烟道尘）5－40质量份、固含量1%－3%PVC糊树脂的聚合乳液30－50质量份，常压室温环境搅拌1-5分钟混合均匀。上述工业硅灰是直接利用金属硅冶炼烟道尘，不作分级、不做加密等处理，以近可能低的能耗和粉尘污染直接利用。上述PVC糊树脂聚合乳液也是不进行任何加工直接利用，以降低能耗和可能因意外而出现对环境伤害的几率。步骤2成型：将上述混合好的原料灌入模具或挤出或滚压或平压成型且静置10-30分钟。步骤3干燥：常压或负压环境自然环境温度或加温80℃±5℃干燥到自由水≤0.5%。步骤4塑化：塑化为常压85℃环境时间45－90分钟。
实例：新疆玛纳斯电厂脱硫石膏自然环境堆放30天，其中二水硫酸钙含量≥97%、氯离子含量≤150ppm、自由水含量≤2%。取上述原料10kg以厚度3cm铺装在不锈钢金属盒中，放入烘箱开加温，温度稳定在160℃后持续5分钟，取出翻动后继续加温5分钟，倒出陈化24h装袋备用。取上述陈化好的石膏原料1kg加入新疆合盛硅业冶炼炉烟道尘200g，加入中泰化学PVC糊树脂聚合乳液3%固含量400g在高速混料机中开启中速搅拌5分钟，将上述混合好的原料倒入5mm硅胶平板模具。30分钟后脱模取出成型制品，3天后将上述制品放入烘箱恒温85℃连续烘烤90分钟。将上述成品依据GB/T 7019进行循环冻融检测50次合格。
以上实例只是本发明的一个具体方案，并不代表发明全部内容。本发明权利见《权利要求书》。
Claims (1)
1.一种耐50次循环冻融的石膏制品，该石膏制品由⑴混合：建筑石膏（优选脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏经煅烧制备的普通β型半水石膏）100质量份，工业硅灰（金属硅冶炼的烟道尘）5－40质量份、固含量1%－3%PVC糊树脂的聚合乳液30－50质量份，常压室温环境搅拌1-5分钟混合均匀，⑵成型：将上述混合好的原料灌入模具或挤出或滚压或平压成型且静置10-30分钟，⑶干燥：常压或负压环境自然环境温度或加温80℃±5℃干燥到自由水≤0.5%，⑷塑化：塑化为常压85℃环境时间45－90分钟，四个步骤实现。
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| CN114368923A (zh) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-04-19 | 秦亚琼 | 一种钛石膏化学改性制备高强度建筑石膏的方法 |
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| DE102011078531A1 (de) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-03 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Gips-haltige Baustoffmassen |
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| CN114368923A (zh) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-04-19 | 秦亚琼 | 一种钛石膏化学改性制备高强度建筑石膏的方法 |
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