CN108828263B - Optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG Download PDFInfo
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- CN108828263B CN108828263B CN201810876718.5A CN201810876718A CN108828263B CN 108828263 B CN108828263 B CN 108828263B CN 201810876718 A CN201810876718 A CN 201810876718A CN 108828263 B CN108828263 B CN 108828263B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000021164 cell adhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016784 immunoglobulin production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005477 standard model Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002198 surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG, which consists of a light source, a polarization controller, a transmission optical fiber, an optical fiber circulator, an optical power meter, a nano gold coating, TFBG, a sensor, a chirped fiber grating, a first liquid passage port, a second liquid passage port, a third liquid passage port, a microfluidic passage, a microfluidic chip, a conduit, a first liquid storage tank, a microfluidic pump, a second liquid storage tank and a spectrometer. The light source emits light with the wavelength of 1500-1580 nm, the light passes through the transmission optical fiber to the left end of the sensor, the sensor is carved with TFBG and chirped fiber grating and is fixed in the middle of a microfluidic channel, the microfluidic pump is calibrated, so that liquid can flow through the microfluidic channel, the part of the TFBG plated with the nano gold coating and the part not plated with the nano gold coating are in the liquid, wavelength drift of different conditions occurs in the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer, and the change in the transmission spectrum of the spectrometer is utilized to characterize the speed and direction change of the microfluidic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG.
Background
In recent years, micro-flow control technology has been rapidly developed and has been widely used in chemical synthesis, drug development, biological analysis, and optical technology applications. In these laboratory chip applications, the flow rate of the liquid plays an important role, with the flow rate of the liquid dominateing the cell adhesion of the biopharmaceutical and monoclonal antibody production, the size and rate of generation of droplets in the flow focusing generator, and the speed and efficiency of flow cytometry and sorting.
The optical fiber sensor based on the TFBG, namely the inclined Bragg optical fiber grating, has simple structure, lower cost compared with other measuring modes, such as a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS), relatively simple manufacturing process, higher sensitivity and small sensitivity to temperature cross, and can realize real-time and remote measurement.
The surface plasmon resonance technology, namely SPR technology, is widely applied to photoelectric sensing technology, has simple structure and high sensitivity, is not easy to be interfered by external factors such as environment, and is suitable for measuring the speed and direction under the weak condition of small liquid flow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an optical fiber sensor device for measuring the speed and the direction of a microfluidic based on TFBG, and the change of liquid flow changes the signal intensity of a transmission spectrum.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an optical fiber sensor device for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG (time-domain reflectometry) comprises a light source (1), a polarization controller (2), a transmission optical fiber (3), an optical fiber circulator (4), an optical power meter (5), a nano gold coating (6), a TFBG (7), a sensor (8), a chirped fiber grating (9), a first liquid passage port (10), a second liquid passage port (11), a third liquid passage port (12), a microfluidic passage (13), a microfluidic chip (14), a conduit (15), a first liquid storage tank (16), a microfluidic pump (17), a second liquid storage tank (18) and a spectrometer (19), and is characterized in that: the light source (1) and the polarization controller (2) are connected with each other, then the light source is connected to the left end of the optical fiber circulator (4) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the lower end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the optical power meter (5), the right end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the left end of the sensor (8), the right end of the sensor (8) is connected with the spectrometer (19) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the sensor (8) is fixed in the middle of the micro-fluid channel (13) along the micro-fluid channel (13) on the micro-fluid chip (14), the micro-fluid channel (13) comprises a first liquid channel port (10), a second liquid channel port (11), three liquid channel inlets of the third liquid channel port (12), the guide pipe (15) is fixed on two of the liquid channel inlets on the micro-fluid channel (13), the left end is connected to the first liquid storage pool (16), the right end is connected to the second liquid storage pool (18), and the first liquid storage pool (16) and the second liquid storage pool (18) are respectively connected to the two sides of the micro-pump (17) through the guide pipe (15).
The sensor (8) is composed of a single-mode fiber, TFBG (7) with an inclination angle of 8 degrees and a chirped fiber grating (9) are engraved in a fiber core, one half of a nano gold coating (6) is coated on the surface of the sensor, the thickness range is 5-500nm, the model of the single-mode fiber is Corning SMF-28, and the working wavelength is 1500-1580 nm.
The polarization controller (2) consists of a polaroid, a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate. The spectrometer (19) is of the model Agilent,86142B.
The micro-flow pump (17) adopts a peristaltic pump with the model BT 600M/2X YZ1515X, and can realize micro-fluid flow in two directions by reversing in forward and reverse directions, and the rotating speed working range is 0.1-600 rpm.
The microfluidic channel (13) on the microfluidic chip (14) is provided with scales, and the length of the liquid flowing through can be directly read.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the light source (1) emits light beams with the wavelength of 1500-1580 nm, the polarization state is adjusted through the polarization controller (2), any change of the polarization state caused by bending and twisting of the optical fiber along the light path leading to the sensor (8) is compensated, the light beams are then connected to the left end of the optical fiber circulator (4) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the lower end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the optical power meter (5), the right end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the left end of the sensor (8), and the TFBG (7) and the chirped fiber grating (9) are engraved in the sensor (8) so that incident light is excited to a cladding film. For measuring the speed and direction of the microfluid, the sensor (8) is coated with one half of a nano gold coating (6), the sensor (8) is arranged along the direction of a microfluidic channel (13) on a microfluidic chip (14) and is fixed in the middle of the microfluidic channel (13), the microfluidic channel (13) comprises a first liquid channel port (10), a second liquid channel port (11) and a third liquid channel port (12), three liquid channel inlets are formed in the microfluidic channel (13), a conduit (15) is fixed at two of the liquid channel inlets on the microfluidic channel (13), the left end is connected to a first liquid storage tank (16), the right end is connected to a second liquid storage tank (18), and the first liquid storage tank (16) and the second liquid storage tank (18) are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of a microfluidic pump (17) through a conduit (15). By calibrating the microfluidic pump (17), liquid is first pumped out of the first liquid reservoir (16), flows in from the right third liquid channel port (12) of the microfluidic channel (13), flows out of the liquid channel port (10) after passing through the sensor (8) coated with the half-nano gold coating (6), and then the direction of the microfluidic pump (17) is switched, liquid is pumped out of the second liquid reservoir (18), and flows through the microfluidic channel (13) from the opposite direction. As the effective refractive index of the cladding film changes after the nano-gold coating on the surface of the sensor (8) is immersed in the liquid, the disturbance quantity of the cladding film resonance is directly related to the length of the sensor (8) surrounded by the liquid. In the four extreme cases, i.e. the sensor (8) is completely in air, completely in liquid, the part coated with the nano-gold coating (6) and the part not coated with the nano-gold coating (4) are in liquid, the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer (8) undergoes wavelength shifts in different cases, resulting in four different transmission spectra. The cladding mode resonance region can be selected through the chirped fiber grating (9), so that crosstalk between different sensor signals is avoided, the power intensity through a reflection spectrum is demodulated, and the change of the reflection spectrum with specific wavelength is represented through the optical power meter (5); when the liquid flows through the TFBG (7), the speed and the direction of the microfluid are judged by taking the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer (19) and completely in the air as a reference and the drift amount and the drift direction of the wavelength, and the whole process of the liquid moving along the sensor (8) can be observed in one scanning period by selecting the scanning frequency of the proper spectrometer (19), so that the flow speed and the flow direction of the microfluid liquid can be obtained. Thus, the change in the transmission spectrum of the spectrometer (19) can be used to characterize the movement of liquid along the sensor (8). By selecting an appropriate frequency of scanning by the spectrometer (19), the whole process of the liquid moving along the sensor (8) can be observed in one scanning cycle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the fiber core is carved with a single-mode fiber of TFBG by using a Corning SMF-28 standard model, and the surface is plated with a half nano gold coating, so that the interference influence of external factors such as temperature and the like is eliminated, the structure is simplified, the cost is saved, the fiber core is suitable for real-time and long-distance measurement, and the loss in transmission is smaller; the TFBG is used as a sensing element, has a simple structure and a wide dynamic measurement range, and is an optical fiber liquid micro-flow sensor with high mechanical stability; for different liquids, the flow velocity and direction of the whole TFBG liquid can be obtained through a time spectrum comb by selecting proper scanning frequency and sampling points of a spectrometer; the cladding mode resonance region can be selected through the chirped fiber grating, crosstalk between different sensor signals and demodulation through the power intensity of the reflection spectrum are avoided, and the change of the reflection spectrum with specific wavelength is characterized through an optical power meter. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small loss, high sensitivity and the like, and provides a feasible scheme for measuring the speed and the direction of the microfluid.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor system for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG.
Fig. 2 is a fiber grating structure of a fiber optic sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG.
Fig. 3 is a fiber optic sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG: curve 1 represents the transmission spectrum of TFBG completely in air, curve 2 represents the transmission spectrum of TFBG completely in liquid, and curves 3 and 4 represent the transmission spectrum of the portion coated with the nano-gold coating and the portion not coated with the nano-gold coating, respectively, in liquid.
Fig. 4 is a spectral variation of a fluid flow through a portion of a fiber optic sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG, with fig. a showing the spectral curve of the fluid flowing from a gold plated end to an electroless plated end and fig. b showing the spectral curve of the fluid flowing from an electroless plated end to a gold plated end.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG, is characterized in that: the device comprises a light source (1), a polarization controller (2), a transmission optical fiber (3), an optical fiber circulator (4), an optical power meter (5), a nano gold coating (6), a TFBG (7), a sensor (8), a chirped fiber grating (9), a first liquid passage port (10), a second liquid passage port (11), a third liquid passage port (12), a microfluidic passage (13), a microfluidic chip (14), a conduit (15), a first liquid storage tank (16), a microfluidic pump (17), a second liquid storage tank (18) and a spectrometer (19), and is characterized in that: the light source (1) and the polarization controller (2) are connected with each other, then the light source is connected to the left end of the optical fiber circulator (4) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the lower end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the optical power meter (5), the right end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the left end of the sensor (8), the right end of the sensor (8) is connected with the spectrometer (19) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the sensor (8) is fixed in the middle of the micro-fluid channel (13) along the micro-fluid channel (13) on the micro-fluid chip (14), the micro-fluid channel (13) comprises a first liquid channel port (10), a second liquid channel port (11), three liquid channel inlets of the third liquid channel port (12), the guide pipe (15) is fixed on two of the liquid channel inlets on the micro-fluid channel (13), the left end is connected to the first liquid storage pool (16), the right end is connected to the second liquid storage pool (18), and the first liquid storage pool (16) and the second liquid storage pool (18) are respectively connected to the two sides of the micro-pump (17) through the guide pipe (15). The sensor (8) is composed of a single-mode fiber, TFBG (7) with an inclination angle of 8 degrees and a chirped fiber grating (9) are engraved in a fiber core, one half of a nano gold coating (6) is coated on the surface of the sensor, the thickness range is 5-500nm, the model of the single-mode fiber is Corning SMF-28, and the working wavelength is 1500-1580 nm. The polarization controller (2) consists of a polaroid, a half-wave plate and a quarter-wave plate. The spectrometer (8) is of the model Agilent,86142B. The micro-flow pump (11) adopts a peristaltic pump with the model BT 600M/2X YZ1515X, and can realize micro-fluid flow in two directions by reversing in forward and reverse directions, and the rotating speed working range is 0.1-600 rpm. The microfluidic channel (13) on the microfluidic chip (14) is provided with scales, and the length of the liquid flowing through can be directly read.
According to the invention, a light source (1) emits light beams with the wavelength of 1500-1580 nm, the polarization state is adjusted through a polarization controller (2), any change of the polarization state caused by bending and twisting of an optical fiber along a light path leading to a sensor (8) is compensated, the light beams are then connected to the left end of an optical fiber circulator (4) through a transmission optical fiber (3), the lower end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with an optical power meter (5), the right end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the left end of the sensor (8), and TFBG (7) and a chirped fiber grating (9) are engraved in the sensor (8), so that incident light is excited to a cladding film. For measuring the speed and direction of the microfluid, the sensor (8) is coated with one half of a nano gold coating (6), the sensor (8) is arranged along the direction of a microfluidic channel (13) on a microfluidic chip (14) and is fixed in the middle of the microfluidic channel (13), the microfluidic channel (13) comprises a first liquid channel port (10), a second liquid channel port (11) and a third liquid channel port (12), three liquid channel inlets are formed in the microfluidic channel (13), a conduit (15) is fixed at two of the liquid channel inlets on the microfluidic channel (13), the left end is connected to a first liquid storage tank (16), the right end is connected to a second liquid storage tank (18), and the first liquid storage tank (16) and the second liquid storage tank (18) are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of a microfluidic pump (17) through a conduit (15). By calibrating the microfluidic pump (17), liquid is first pumped out of the first liquid reservoir (16), flows in from the right third liquid channel port (12) of the microfluidic channel (13), flows out of the liquid channel port (10) after passing through the sensor (8) coated with the half-nano gold coating (6), and then the direction of the microfluidic pump (17) is switched, liquid is pumped out of the second liquid reservoir (18), and flows through the microfluidic channel (13) from the opposite direction. As the effective refractive index of the cladding film changes after the nano-gold coating on the surface of the sensor (8) is immersed in the liquid, the disturbance quantity of the cladding film resonance is directly related to the length of the sensor (8) surrounded by the liquid. In the four extreme cases, i.e. the sensor (8) is completely in air, completely in liquid, the part coated with the nano-gold coating (6) and the part not coated with the nano-gold coating (4) are in liquid, the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer (8) undergoes wavelength shifts in different cases, resulting in four different transmission spectra. The cladding mode resonance region can be selected through the chirped fiber grating (9), so that crosstalk between different sensor signals is avoided, the power intensity through a reflection spectrum is demodulated, and the change of the reflection spectrum with specific wavelength is represented through the optical power meter (5); when the liquid flows through the TFBG (7), the speed and the direction of the microfluid are judged by taking the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer (19) and completely in the air as a reference and the drift amount and the drift direction of the wavelength, and the whole process of the liquid moving along the sensor (8) can be observed in one scanning period by selecting the scanning frequency of the proper spectrometer (19), so that the flow speed and the flow direction of the microfluid liquid can be obtained. Thus, the change in the transmission spectrum of the spectrometer (19) can be used to characterize the movement of liquid along the sensor (8). By selecting an appropriate frequency of scanning by the spectrometer (19), the whole process of the liquid moving along the sensor (8) can be observed in one scanning cycle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG: curve 1 represents the transmission spectrum of TFBG completely in air, curve 2 represents the transmission spectrum of TFBG completely in liquid, and curves 3 and 4 represent the transmission spectrum of the portion coated with the nano-gold coating and the portion not coated with the nano-gold coating, respectively, in liquid.
Fig. 4 is a spectrum change of a liquid flowing through a TFBG portion of an optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on the TFBG of the present invention, wherein fig. a shows a spectrum curve of the liquid flowing from a gold-plated end to an electroless-plated end, and fig. b shows a spectrum curve of the liquid flowing from the electroless-plated end to the gold-plated end.
Claims (1)
1. An optical fiber sensor for measuring microfluidic speed and direction based on TFBG (time-domain reflectometry) comprises a light source (1), a polarization controller (2), a transmission optical fiber (3), an optical fiber circulator (4), an optical power meter (5), a nano gold coating (6), a TFBG (7), a sensor (8), a chirped fiber grating (9), a first liquid passage port (10), a second liquid passage port (11), a third liquid passage port (12), a microfluidic passage (13), a microfluidic chip (14), a conduit (15), a first liquid storage tank (16), a microfluidic pump (17), a second liquid storage tank (18) and a spectrometer (19), and is characterized in that: the light source (1) and the polarization controller (2) are connected with each other, then the light source is connected to the left end of the optical fiber circulator (4) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the lower end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the optical power meter (5), the right end of the optical fiber circulator (4) is connected with the left end of the sensor (8), the right end of the sensor (8) is connected with the spectrometer (19) through the transmission optical fiber (3), the sensor (8) is fixed in the middle of the micro-fluid channel (13) along the direction of the micro-fluid channel (13) on the micro-fluid chip (14), the micro-fluid channel (13) comprises a first liquid channel port (10) and a second liquid channel port (11), the third liquid passage opening (12) is provided with three liquid passage inlets, a conduit (15) is fixed at two of the liquid passage inlets on the micro-fluid passage (13), the left end is connected with a first liquid storage tank (16), the right end is connected with a second liquid storage tank (18), the first liquid storage tank (16) and the second liquid storage tank (18) are respectively connected with the left end and the right end of a micro-fluid pump (17) through the conduit (15), the sensor (8) is formed by a single-mode fiber, TFBG (7) and chirped fiber grating (9) with the inclination angle of 8 DEG are carved in the fiber core, one half of the surface of the sensor (8) is plated with a nano gold coating (6) with the thickness of 5-500nm, the model of the single-mode optical fiber is corning SMF-28, and the working wavelength is 1500 nm-1580 nm; the polarization controller (2) consists of a polaroid, a half wave plate and a quarter wave plate; the spectrometer (19) is of the model Agilent,86142B; after the nano gold coating on the surface of the sensor (8) is immersed in liquid, the effective refractive index of a cladding mode changes, the disturbance quantity of cladding mode resonance is directly related to the length of the sensor (8) surrounded by the liquid, when the sensor (8) is completely in air, completely in the liquid, the part coated with the nano gold coating (6) and the part not coated with the nano gold coating (6) are in the liquid, wavelength drift of different conditions occurs in the transmission spectrum detected by the spectrometer (8) under four conditions, four different transmission spectrums are obtained, the cladding mode resonance region can be selected through the chirped fiber grating (9), crosstalk between different sensor signals and power intensity through the reflection spectrum can be avoided to demodulate, and the specific wavelength reflection spectrum change is represented through the optical power meter (5); when the liquid flows through the TFBG (7), the speed and the direction of the microfluid are judged by taking the transmission spectrum detected in the spectrometer (19) and completely in the air as a reference and by the drift amount and the drift direction of the wavelength, and the whole process of the liquid moving along the sensor (8) can be observed in one scanning period by selecting the scanning frequency of the proper spectrometer (19), so that the flow speed and the flow direction of the microfluid liquid can be obtained.
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| CN109374923B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2023-06-20 | 中国计量大学 | Optical fiber flow velocity sensor |
| CN110133320B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-07-27 | 暨南大学 | Plasma resonance optical fiber hot-wire anemometer, detection system and method |
| CN111239888A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-05 | 河南渡盈光电科技有限公司 | Micro-nano optical fiber with fiber grating resonant cavity and micro-nano optical fiber microfluidic device |
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