CN108828158B - Measurement device for carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition - Google Patents

Measurement device for carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108828158B
CN108828158B CN201810856377.5A CN201810856377A CN108828158B CN 108828158 B CN108828158 B CN 108828158B CN 201810856377 A CN201810856377 A CN 201810856377A CN 108828158 B CN108828158 B CN 108828158B
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China
Prior art keywords
artificial rainfall
transparent glass
carbon flux
flux under
carbon dioxide
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CN108828158A (en
Inventor
卢亚静
潘兴瑶
宋一凡
张书函
王远航
邸苏闯
周星
张岑
王丽晶
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Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute
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Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0036Specially adapted to detect a particular component
    • G01N33/004Specially adapted to detect a particular component for CO, CO2

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon flux measuring device under artificial rainfall conditions, which comprises a transparent glass box (10), an artificial rainfall device (20) and a carbon dioxide tester (30), wherein the transparent glass box (10) is free of a bottom plate, a detection hole (12) for placing the carbon dioxide tester is formed on a top plate (11), the artificial rainfall device comprises a plurality of spraying units (21) arranged on the inner surface of the top plate (11), a pipeline (22) for connecting an external water source and the spraying units (21) and a valve (23) arranged on the pipeline (22), and the pipeline (22) enters the transparent glass box from the bottom of the transparent glass box, extends upwards to the top plate (11) along a side wall and is then connected with the spraying units (21); wherein each spray unit comprises a pipe body (211) and a plurality of spray heads (212) arranged on the outer surface of the pipe body (211), the pipe body (211) is communicated with the pipeline (22), and the spray heads (212) are communicated with the pipe body (211).

Description

Measurement device for carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition
Technical Field
The invention relates to carbon flux measuring equipment, in particular to carbon flux measuring equipment under artificial rainfall conditions.
Background
The box type gas measuring method is the longest method for measuring carbon flux at present and can be divided into a static box method and a dynamic box method, and the principle is that a box body with a certain size is placed on the upper part of soil or vegetation with a certain area to block the gas exchange in and out of the box body, so that the exchange quantity of carbon flux is measured. Among the influencing factors of the carbon flux, rainfall is often used as a research object to analyze the influence of the rainfall on the carbon flux, and researches show that the change of the carbon flux is severe in the rainfall process, but the conventional box type gas measuring method can not observe the change rule of the carbon flux in the rainfall process because the box body blocks the entering of the rainfall, so that the dynamic relationship of the rainfall-the carbon flux can not be accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide the carbon flux measuring equipment under the condition of artificial rainfall, and solve the problems that the existing carbon flux measuring equipment is poor in timeliness and inconvenient to move.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring apparatus for carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions, which is characterized by comprising a transparent glass case 10, an artificial rainfall device 20 and a carbon dioxide tester 30,
wherein the transparent glass case 10 has no bottom plate, the top plate 11 is formed with a detection hole 12 for placing the carbon dioxide tester, the artificial rainfall device comprises a plurality of spraying units 21 arranged on the inner surface of the top plate 11, a pipeline 22 for connecting an external water source and the plurality of spraying units 21, and a valve 23 arranged on the pipeline 22, the pipeline 22 enters the transparent glass case from the bottom of the transparent glass case, extends upwards to the top plate 11 along the side wall, and then is connected with the plurality of spraying units 21;
wherein each spray unit comprises a tube body 211 and a plurality of spray heads 212 arranged on the outer surface of the tube body 211, the tube body 211 is communicated with the pipeline 22, and the spray heads 212 are communicated with the tube body 211.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the artificial rainfall device further comprises a control device for controlling the water spray parameters.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the transparent glass case 10 is made of plexiglass sheets.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower ends of the side wall glass plates of the transparent glass case 10 are terminated with a metal plate such as a stainless steel plate 13 having a certain width, for example, 10cm, so that the entire transparent glass case 10 can be easily inserted into soil, wherein the space between the stainless steel plate and the glass plate is sealed by glass cement to prevent air leakage.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the tube 211 is open at one end and closed at the other end, said opening being in communication with the conduit 22.
According to one embodiment of the invention, wherein the water spray parameters include flow rate and flow velocity.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the transparent glass case 10 is in the shape of a cuboid, cube or other suitable shape.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the carbon dioxide tester 30 is a portable carbon dioxide tester.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbon flux measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a shower unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a portable carbon dioxide tester according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-vegetation; 2-soil mass; 10-transparent box; 11-top plate; 12-detecting holes; 13-a metal plate; 21-a spraying unit; 22-piping; a 23-valve; 211-a tube body; 212-spray head; 30-a portable carbon dioxide tester; 31-portable carbon dioxide tester probe.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbon flux measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a shower unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a portable carbon dioxide tester according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a measuring apparatus of carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions according to the present invention may include a transparent glass case 10, an artificial rainfall device, and a carbon dioxide tester 30. The measuring device may be arranged above the vegetation 1 and the soil 2.
As shown, the transparent glass case 10 is cylindrical, has no bottom plate, and is formed of five transparent glasses, so that the flux of carbon dioxide of vegetation can be detected by being placed on the vegetation 1. The top plate 11 is formed with a sensing hole 12 for placing the carbon dioxide tester, and the size and shape of the sensing hole may be determined according to the specific size of the carbon dioxide tester 12. The hole may be provided at an edge portion of the top plate, and the spraying operation of the spraying unit 21 and the detection of carbon dioxide may not be affected.
In addition, in order to increase strength, the lower ends (ground-contacting portions) of the side glass plates of the transparent glass case 10 may be connected to a metal plate having a certain width, for example, a 10cm stainless steel plate, so as to be inserted into the soil, wherein the stainless steel plate and the glass plate are sealed by a glass cement to prevent air leakage.
It should be appreciated that the transparent glass case 10 may have other shapes such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, or a cylinder shape; the transparent glass case 10 may be made of plexiglass sheets or other suitable materials. The dimensions of the transparent glass case 10 may be appropriately selected, and for example, the side length may be 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 100cm, 150cm, 200cm, or the like.
The rainmaking apparatus may include a plurality of spray units 21 provided on the inner surface of the top plate 11, a pipe 22 connecting an external water source and the spray units 21, and a valve 23 provided on the pipe 22, the pipe 22 entering from the bottom of the transparent glass case 10 and extending upward along a sidewall to the top plate 11, and then connecting the spray units 21. As shown, a plurality of shower units are disposed substantially in parallel on the inner surface of the top plate 11, on one side of the detection hole 12. This can prevent influence on the spraying operation of the spraying unit 21 and detection of carbon dioxide. The pipe 22 extends along the corners of the tank so that it does not take up much space and is easy to connect and secure. But may be arranged in other ways.
Referring to fig. 2, each spray unit may include a pipe body 211 and a plurality of spray heads 212 provided on an outer surface of the pipe body 211, the pipe body 211 being in communication with the pipe 22, the spray heads 212 being in communication with the pipe body 211. Wherein the pipe body 211 has one end opened and the other end closed, and the opening is communicated with the pipeline 22. Or a tube body open at both ends so as to communicate with the pipe 22 at both ends. Of course, other arrangements are possible. The plurality of spray heads 212 are substantially uniformly disposed on the tube body 211 to achieve substantially uniform water spray. A valve 23 is provided on the pipeline for opening or closing the pipeline.
According to the present invention, the artificial rainfall device 20 may further comprise a control device (not shown) for controlling the water spray parameters. For example, the control device may control the opening and closing of the valve 23, control the flow rate and velocity of water, the form of the spray water, etc. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the teachings of the present invention based on the prior art and, therefore, are not described in detail herein.
The carbon dioxide tester 30 may be a portable carbon dioxide tester, such as a hand-held tester. Carbon dioxide tester 30 may include a probe 31. In the case of inspection, the carbon dioxide tester 30 is placed in the inspection hole 12, and the probe is inserted into the transparent case 10 for inspection.
During measurement, the metal plate part of the transparent box 10 is inserted into the soil layer, and the probe 31 of the handheld carbon dioxide tester 30 is inserted into the transparent box through the detection hole 12 at the top of the transparent box and opened. Then, the control device is turned on, the artificial rainfall device is started, and after rainfall is ejected from the nozzle 41, carbon dioxide concentration measurement in the rainfall stage is started.
Examples
The following tests were carried out using the device of the invention:
the experimental object: beijing certain grassland
Experimental conditions: the side length of the device is 1.5 m; the simulated precipitation amounts are 0mm, 2mm, 5mm and 10mm respectively.
The experimental process comprises the following steps: in the test, the precipitation is artificially simulated by using the precipitation amount of 0mm as a control and 2mm, 5mm and 10mm, so that the water drops are uniformly scattered on the ground surface and no surface runoff is formed; apparent soil carbon fluxes of 10min, 30min, 1h, 2h after precipitation were measured under various precipitation conditions, respectively. The results are shown in the following table:
the results show that the precipitation increases the apparent carbon release amount of the biological crust, the cumulative carbon release amounts of the treatment under the conditions of 2mm, 5mm and 10mm of 3 precipitation are respectively gradually increased compared with the control group, and the apparent carbon flux of the soil shows a trend of gradually decreasing after increasing with the time after precipitation. This observation is substantially consistent with some of the findings of the prior art, for example: houssman D C, grote E, belnap J.Annual CO2flux from a biological soil crust system on the Colorado Plateau: effects of increased temperatureand summer precipitation/-Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting abstracts.2007.
In summary, the device for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition provided by the embodiment has simple structure, convenient measurement, and strong timeliness, and can measure data in the rainfall process. The transparent glass box is placed above the test soil body, and the bottom is fixed inside the soil body.
The above detailed description of embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The device for measuring the carbon flux under the artificial rainfall condition is characterized by comprising a transparent glass box (10), an artificial rainfall device and a carbon dioxide tester (30),
the device comprises a transparent glass box (10), a top plate (11) and a plurality of artificial rainfall devices, wherein the transparent glass box (10) is free of a bottom plate, a detection hole (12) for placing the carbon dioxide tester is formed in the top plate (11), the artificial rainfall devices comprise a plurality of spraying units (21) arranged on the inner surface of the top plate (11), pipelines (22) for connecting an external water source with the spraying units (21) and valves (23) arranged on the pipelines (22), and the pipelines (22) enter the transparent glass box from the bottom of the transparent glass box and extend upwards to the top plate (11) along the side wall and then are connected with the spraying units (21);
wherein each spray unit comprises a pipe body (211) and a plurality of spray heads (212) arranged on the outer surface of the pipe body (211), the pipe body (211) is communicated with a pipeline (22), and the spray heads (212) are communicated with the pipe body (211).
2. The apparatus for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions of claim 1, wherein the artificial rainfall device further comprises a control device for controlling the water spray parameter.
3. The device for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions according to claim 1, characterised in that the transparent glass tank (10) is made of plexiglass sheets.
4. The device for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition according to claim 1, wherein a stainless steel plate (13) with a certain width is connected to the lower end of a side wall glass plate of the transparent glass box (10), and the stainless steel plate and the glass plate are sealed by glass cement.
5. The device for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein the tube body (211) is open at one end and closed at the other end, the opening being in communication with a pipe (22).
6. The apparatus for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions of claim 2, wherein the water spraying parameters include flow rate and flow velocity.
7. The apparatus for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that the transparent glass tank (10) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
8. The apparatus for measuring carbon flux under artificial rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide tester (30) is a portable carbon dioxide tester.
CN201810856377.5A 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 Measurement device for carbon flux under artificial rainfall condition Active CN108828158B (en)

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