CN1088271A - High temperature wear resistant alloy and manufacturing technology thereof - Google Patents
High temperature wear resistant alloy and manufacturing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1088271A CN1088271A CN 92114598 CN92114598A CN1088271A CN 1088271 A CN1088271 A CN 1088271A CN 92114598 CN92114598 CN 92114598 CN 92114598 A CN92114598 A CN 92114598A CN 1088271 A CN1088271 A CN 1088271A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of high temperature wear resistant alloy and manufacturing technology thereof.It is to be main alloy element with Cr, and is added with the ferrous alloy of multiple elements such as Ni, Mo, W, Cu, N, C, Si, Mn simultaneously.In preparation process, adopt rare earth and alkaline earth element synthetic master alloy to go bad after the processing, its microstructure has the M of isolated thin bulk and disconnected strip
7C
3Higher etc. high rigidity alloy carbide and super saturated solid solution reinforcing degree, and the moderate austenitic matrix of stability.γ → α phase transformation does not take place in this alloy under the high temperature that alternation is heated, but has high temperature precipitation-hardening effect, as the high-temperature and wear-proof that alternation is heated, has alleviated wear resistance and thermal fatigue flexible contradiction preferably.Be heated to reach on the roller guide and guard unit more than 900 ℃ at alternation and use, improved wearing quality greatly, in steel rolling is produced, have very remarkable economic efficiency.
Description
High temperature wear resistant alloy provided by the invention and manufacturing technology thereof belong to alloy material and manufacturing technology thereof.
Alloy provided by the invention is a kind of new high temperature wear resistant alloy, is suitable for bearing under the high temperature wear condition that alternation is heated using.For example, in steel rolling is produced, the guide plate in the roller guide and guard unit with defend plate, under the rigor condition that alternation is heated, work exactly, it had both needed to bear the high temperature sliding friction more than 900 ℃, needed to bear repeatedly frequent thermal shocking again.Have as the material of leading (defending) plate both at home and abroad at present: the wear resistant alloy white cast iron; Unit and multiple high-chromium casting iron; 18-8 type stainless steel; 25-20,26-12 type high temperature steel; The martensite wear-resistant steel; X33H18JI(ZGCr33Ni18), the high chromium nickel of type cast steel X35H5JI(ZGCr35N15); Low alloy steel+carburizing+quenching+chromium plating; Inlay on the steel casting, built-up welding or coated with hard alloy etc.In addition, " the corrosive austenitic iron resistance to wears " that provide of Chinese patent CN1047112A (anti-salt slurry corrosive metallic substance); " high tenacity FeCrNi is the casting heat-resistant alloy " that the clear 59-229470A of Japanese Patent JP provides (being applicable to the anti-gas high-temperature corrosive casting heat-resistant alloy of process furnace member); " the hard casting alloy " that U.S. Pat 3086858 provides (being applicable to the wear-resisting and anti-corrosion alloy of simple property constant temperature).These metallic substance are led this class of (defending) plate and need be born be heated part with high temperature wear of alternation for resembling milling train, and all there is following deficiency to some extent in they:
1. can not solve high temperature abrasion resistance and thermal fatigue flexible contradiction, high rigidity, high-wearing feature and thermal shock resistance and thermal fatigue toughness that milling train is led (defending) plate to be needed can not get both simultaneously, so, not easy wearing and tearing, be exactly fracture easily.
2. some refractory alloy and wear resistant alloy are used as when leading (defending) panel material, its alloying element is forming alternation be heated high temperature wear tissues needed and aspect of performance, because the alloying effect that can not wish, and fail effectively to utilize, some too high content has become effective consumption and waste.
3. existing milling train is led the manufacturing of (defending) panel material, and its microstructure and property relies on chemical ingredients to form naturally fully, does not use modifying technology in the alloy preparation process, let alone relies on modifying technology to improve alloy organizing and performance.
4. existing milling train is led (defending) panel material, for the temperature of leading (defending) plate surface that alternation is heated, only is used as unfavourable condition and treats, and is used and never be used as favorable factor.
5. some high alloy material because noble element content is higher, or because operation is numerous and diverse, makes to involve great expense, but can not obtain corresponding high durability.
In a word; existing milling train is led (defending) panel material, and shortcomings such as that ubiquity is not wear-resisting, easy fracture cause the working hour of leading the every labour of (defending) plate time very short; the replacing of in the steel rolling operation process, having to shut down continually, thus the operating rate of milling train seriously influenced.
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is directed in the roller guide and guard unit working conditions of leading (defending) plate, by improving the alloying effect of material, allow alloying element bring into play the effect of needs effectively, and a kind of wear resistance and hot flexible alloy material of having concurrently simultaneously is provided, it can alleviate wear resistance and hot flexible contradiction, prolongs the work-ing life of leading (defending) plate, reach to reduce and consume the purpose of raising operating rate of rolling mill.
High temperature wear resistant alloy provided by the invention, be to select multiplely not only can both to have strengthened mutually and the element that promotes alloying effect to carbide but also to metallic matrix, make its come from different backgrounds and possess different abilities, comprehensively, efficient alloying, be heated and high-temperature wearable tissues needed and performance to form alternation, thereby satisfy the needs of actual condition.
The alloy component range of the present invention's design is Wt%:
C1.50～3.50, Si0.15～1.50, Mn0.30～2.00, P≤0.04, S≤0.03, Cr15.00≤35.00, Ni3.00～10.00, Mo1.00～3.00, W1.00～5.00, Cu0.60～2.00, N0.10～0.40, surplus is Fe.
Optimal components is Wt%:
C1.80～2.50, Si0.30～1.00, Mn0.30～1.00, P≤0.04, S≤0.03, Cr23.00～28.00, Ni5.00～8.00, Mo2.00～3.00, W1.50～3.00, Cu0.80～1.60, N 0.15～0.25, and surplus is Fe.
In the mentioned component scope, the content of main alloy element, should mate according to the following equation mutually:
(Cr)/(C) ＝5～12;
(Cr+W+Mo-7C)/(Ni+Cu+15N) ＝1.00～1.70。
For thermal shock resistance and the thermal fatigue toughness that improves alloy,, also to adopt alterant that the present invention prepares to the alloy processing of going bad except that the content of correct selection chemical ingredients and mutually suitably the coupling.The composition of alterant is Wt%:
RE3.00～20.00, Ca3.00～10.00, Ba5.00～20.00, Si20.00～35.00, surplus is Fe.
The add-on of alterant is 0.50～2.00% of a molten metal weight.
Adding method: pour method or bell jar plunging.
Major technique of the present invention is characterised in that:
The first, aspect carbide formation, adopted based on Cr, have multiple carbide forming elements such as Mo, W, C, N concurrently, the formation rule of pressing carbide, the carbonization of control chromium makes (Cr)/(C)=5～12, forms with M
7C
3Be main, have MC, M concurrently
2C, M
6C and M(C, N) etc. the alloy carbide of multiple high rigidity, and with the number that forms this kind carbide as the means of regulating alloy rigidity and wear resistance, and the quantity of carbide then mainly relies on carbon content to control by following formula:
Carbide (volume %)=12.33C%+0.55Cr%-15.2%
The quantity of carbide, fibrous root determines according to the working condition of roller guide and guard unit, should be controlled at usually in 18～30% the scope.
Second, after adopting modifying technology provided by the invention to go bad to handle, improved the pattern of the carbide in the alloy structure greatly, make into isolated thin bulk and tiny disconnected strip existence, because carbide refinement and discontinuous state have greatly reduced the intrinsic flexible infringement of austenitic matrix.
The 3rd, for promoting the alloying of matrix, in addition element, Ni, Cu, N, the C of existing expansion γ district stable austenite have the solid solution of energy part again in carbide forming element Cr, Mo, the W of matrix, thereby can produce the solution strengthening effect of higher degree.Cda alloyization to matrix, nickel equivalent by the control solid solution has not too high also not too low proper concn, has suitable matching relationship with each principal element, the as-cast structure that guarantees material is pure austenitic matrix, and be subjected to not take place in the thermal process γ ()/() α phase transformation leading (defending) plate work alternation, but when reaching more than 800 ℃ temperature, but can on austenitic matrix, be easy to generate the hotwork hardening effect that carbide dispersion is separated out.
The 4th, add Mo and W in the alloying constituent, be because they can form carbide MC, the M of high rigidity
2C, M
6C and M(C, N) etc., the comprehensive hardness of carbide is further improved, simultaneously again can the part solid solution in matrix, improve the super saturated solid solution reinforcing degree of matrix, produce double effects.And adding nitrogen, be because the alloying element of this cheapness, in the crystallization process of cooling, the effect of utmost point intensive stable austenite is arranged, and be subjected in the thermal process at alloy, have again and bring out and promote secondary carbon (nitrogen) to change the effect that thing is separated out, thereby help forming the microstructure and property that milling train is led (defending) plate needs.
Owing to adopt above-mentioned measure, make and to bear that alternation is heated and the milling train of frequent high temperature friction is led (defending) plate when the work, any variation does not take place in interior tissue, can keep austenite inherent obdurability, bear thermal shocking and do not rupture, and the surface in contact of working position, because of heating temperature higher (more than 800 ℃), precipitation-hardening can be produced, thereby wear resistance can be improved greatly.
The rotten high temperature wear resistant alloy of handling of warp provided by the invention has the favorable manufacturability energy, and composition is Wt%:C1.848, Cr24.6, and Ni8.08, Mo2.06, W1.12, Cu1.25, the test value of N0.16: liquidus temperature is 1308～1315 ℃; Solidus temperature is 1263～1285 ℃; Liquid fluidity: helical length is 1200 millimeters in the time of 1400 ℃; Linear shrinkage ratio is 2.35%; Solidify the very little (σ＞6.37N/mm of hot cracking tendency
2Do not split).Be easy to cast form, be suitable for precision-investment casting or sand mold casting.
The as-cast structure that the milling train of alloy manufacturing of the present invention is led (defending) plate is the eutectic M of single-phase austenitic matrix+discontinuous thin bulk and fine strip shape
7C
8And a small amount of MC, M
2C, M
6C, M(C, N) carbide (seeing accompanying drawing photo 1), hardness of cast form is HRC36～48, when guide plate uses, γ ()/() α phase transformation does not take place in metal structure, its interior tissue constituent is identical with as cast condition, there is not any variation, and the upper layer of working position, except have with the identical constituent of as-cast structure, on austenitic matrix, increase and separated out the extremely proeutectoid carbide (seeing accompanying drawing photo 2 and 3) of disperse, the black region of Fig. 2 is the pattern that produces on the austenitic matrix behind the precipitate, and Fig. 3 is the pattern of the disperse precipitate that manifests after 2000 times of Fig. 2 black region amplifications.Surface after the use, owing to produced the precipitation-hardening effect, its hardness is H
RC42～58, improve H than average energy before using
RC6～12.
The present invention with prior art relatively has following advantage:
1. the high temperature wear workpiece that is heated for alternation, the composition design of this alloy can produce the high-alloying effect of wishing, makes alloying element obtain fully effective utilization, has alleviated high temperature abrasion resistance and hot flexible contradiction preferably.Compare with some high alloy (as ZGCr33Ni18, ZG4Cr25Ni20 etc.) in the prior art,, obtain to be more suitable for alternation tissue and the use properties that the high-temperature wearable operating mode needs of being heated, thereby improved the wearing quality of workpiece greatly with less alloying element.For example, the rolling mill guide that this alloy is made than ZGCr33Ni18 high alloy guide plate, is reduced under 35% the situation by 51% in the alloy total amount, and hardness of cast form is by H
RC21～23 have brought up to H
RC36～48.Use preceding 500～900 ℃ hot hardness on average to improve 27～38.6%(Hv40～80).The particularly important is, ZGCr33Ni18 does not have the hotwork hardening effect, and guide plate uses back hardness no change, and this alloy guide plate uses back hardness to improve H
RC6～12 and reached H
RC42～58.1.50～2.54 times have been improved the actual service life of guide plate.
2. the modifying technology advanced person that this alloy adopted, effective.Used alterant aboundresources, prescription rationally, after rotten the processing, greatly improved the pattern of carbide, develop towards isolated, refinement, disperse state with being effective, thereby both preserved the effect that carbide improves alloy rigidity and wear resistance, and greatly reduced carbide again the alloy flexible is damaged.
3. the manufacturing process of this alloy is simple, and cast form does not easily need other additional process to handle, and can as cast condition use, and compares with some prior art, and alloying element is relative with energy consumption less, can reduce production costs.
4. the over-all properties of this alloy is good, is used for manufacturing bearing the high temperature wear workpiece that alternation is heated, and its wearing quality improves greatly.The milling train of this alloy manufacturing is led (defending) plate when using on producing Φ 250 small section mills of 50,000 tons of line bars per year, prolong 9 times of every labour task times than wear resistant alloy white cast iron, improve 20 times of comprehensive work-ing lifes, prolong 3 times of every labour task times than high ferrochrome guide plate, improve 5 times of comprehensive work-ing lifes; When on Φ 350 milling trains of producing 300000 tons of round steel and Deformed Steel Bars per year, using,, prolong 1.00～1.83 times of every labour task times, improve 1.50～2.54 times of comprehensive work-ing lifes than ZGCr33Ni18 high alloy guide plate.
Embodiment:
Adopt high carbon ferro-chrome, low carbon ferrochromium, nitrided ferro-chromium, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, nickel plate, copper scale, steel scrap to make furnace charge, press the middle upper limit batching of design mix, melting in 150 kilograms of alkaline medium-frequency induction furnaces.The composition that is used as the master alloy of alterant is Wt%:RE4.46, Ca4.18, and Ba11.32, Si37.3, surplus is Fe.The metal tapping temperature is 1560 ℃, and the add-on of alterant is 0.65% of a molten metal, adopts in the bag and pours method, treats the alterant fusing, stirs and harrows and remove scum silica frost, begins cast altogether after about 5 minutes, and teeming temperature is 1450～1420 ℃.
The ultimate constituent of alloy is Wt%:
C1.98，Si0.78，Mn0.38，P0.028，S0.018，Cr23.81，Ni6.78，Mo2.34，W1.34，Cu0.98，N0.23。
Casting technique: foundry goods is a rolling mill guide, 7.40 kilograms of substances, and model is stretched chi 2.35%, the clay sand mold, 2 in every case, no rising head, working face down, mold cavity surface spraying perovskite powder coating, surface drying, folded case string is annotated, cast back type internal cooling 2 hours, the displacement drawing stays sand, knockout after 4 hours, after leveling and grind the working face groove, as cast condition is used.
The metal as-cast structure is pure austenitic matrix+superfine bulk and disconnected strip eutectic carbides, and the as cast condition average hardness is H
RC40.5.
Guide plate is used rolling on Φ 350 milling trains that speed is 10 meter per seconds, during rolling Φ 25 Deformed Steel Barss, prolongs 1.83 times of every labour task times than ZGCr33Ni18 high alloy guide plate, improves 2.54 times of comprehensive work-ing lifes.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high temperature wear resistant alloy that is applicable to that alternation is heated is characterized in that: the M that is isolated thin bulk and fine strip shape
7C
3Even etc. the high rigidity alloy carbide, disperse is distributed on the higher austenitic matrix of super saturated solid solution reinforcing degree and thermostability, can produce hotwork hardened ferrous alloy simultaneously again.
Its chemical ingredients is Wt%:
C1.50～3.50, Si0.15～1.50, Mn0.30～2.00, P≤0.04, S≤0.03, Cr15.00～35.00, Ni3.00～10.00, Mo1.00～3.00, W1.00～5.00, Cu0.60～2.00, N0.10～0.40, surplus is Fe.
In the mentioned component scope, the content of main alloy element, should mate according to the following equation mutually:
(Cr)/(C) =5～12；
(Cr+W+Mo-7C)/(Ni+Cu+15N) =1.00～1.70。
2, alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is the processing of going bad of alterant with following compositions preparation, the composition of alterant is Wt%:RE3.00～20.00, Ca3.00～10.00, Ba5.00～20.00, Si20.00～35.00, surplus is Fe, and add-on is 0.50～2.00% of a metal liquid measure, and the adding method is for pouring method or bell jar plunging.
3, alloy as claimed in claim 1, according to the working condition of the workpiece of making, its hardness and wear resistance, can regulate by following formula by the carbide amount (volume %) of carbon content and formation thereof:
Carbide (volume %)=12.33C%+0.55Cr-15.2%
And carbide amount (volume %) is in 18～30% the scope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92114598 CN1032145C (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | High-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cast iron alloy |
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| CN 92114598 CN1032145C (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | High-temperature-resistant wear-resistant cast iron alloy |
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| CN1088271A true CN1088271A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| CN1032145C CN1032145C (en) | 1996-06-26 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1086210C (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2002-06-12 | 中国科学院金属腐蚀与防护研究所 | Iron-based cast wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy |
| CN101818311A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-09-01 | 石家庄工业泵厂有限公司 | High-tenacity and wear-resistance metal material |
| CN1477223B (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2011-06-22 | 乔治费希尔汽车技术有限公司 | Cast-iron alloy |
| CN102230123A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-02 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | Chromium-based modified wear-resistant cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN103722030A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 嘉兴市中诚自润轴承有限公司 | Wear-resistant guide plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104400316A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-11 | 合肥东方节能科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing service life of rolling mill guide plate |
| CN104789891A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-22 | 聊城鑫鹏源金属制造有限公司 | First perforation guide plate for multifunctional piercing mill |
| CN107737463A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-27 | 沧州渤洋管道集团有限公司 | One kind flash distillation buffer unit |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101265547B (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-06-02 | 北京工业大学 | High-chromium-manganese cast iron roller and preparation method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-12-16 CN CN 92114598 patent/CN1032145C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1086210C (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2002-06-12 | 中国科学院金属腐蚀与防护研究所 | Iron-based cast wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy |
| CN1477223B (en) * | 2002-07-24 | 2011-06-22 | 乔治费希尔汽车技术有限公司 | Cast-iron alloy |
| CN101818311A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2010-09-01 | 石家庄工业泵厂有限公司 | High-tenacity and wear-resistance metal material |
| CN101818311B (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2013-06-19 | 石家庄工业泵厂有限公司 | Process for preparing high-tenacity and wear-resistance metal material |
| CN102230123A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-02 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | Chromium-based modified wear-resistant cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN102230123B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-10-02 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | Chromium-based modified wear-resistant cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN103722030A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 嘉兴市中诚自润轴承有限公司 | Wear-resistant guide plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104400316A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-11 | 合肥东方节能科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing service life of rolling mill guide plate |
| CN104400316B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 合肥东方节能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method promoting rolling mill guide service life |
| CN104789891A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-22 | 聊城鑫鹏源金属制造有限公司 | First perforation guide plate for multifunctional piercing mill |
| CN107737463A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-27 | 沧州渤洋管道集团有限公司 | One kind flash distillation buffer unit |
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| CN1032145C (en) | 1996-06-26 |
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