CN1644748A - High-sulphur abrasion-resistant casting steel and production thereof - Google Patents
High-sulphur abrasion-resistant casting steel and production thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention was about one kind of high Sulphur content cast steel that was wear-resisting. Which was founded by 4-7 elements selected from S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo, W, Ni, V, Cu, P. The high Sulphur content cast steel that using for under temperature of 550 deg.C alloyed by S, Cr, Al, Si or S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo. The mass ratio of ingredient was: C 0.25-2.3%, S: 0.5-1.5%, Cr: 0.95-4.5%, Al: 0.7-1.6%, Si: 0.5-1.5%, Mo: 0.1-16%, the residue is Fe. It is produced by feed preparation, mixing; smelting; founding. Its advantages include using two kind of technology to improve the sulfide shape and even distribution; reducing the harm of mechanical property in the sake of self lubrication action and anti-attrition action of multivariant sulfide, operating life increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cast steel technical field, a kind of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and production method thereof particularly are provided.
Background technology
High-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel belongs to new variety in the cast steel, and it can only be shaped with castmethod, and as segmentation, high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel should belong to wearable cast steel.The characteristics that high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is different from general wearable cast steel are: it is not to improve its wear resistance by high rigidity (HRC＞60) own, but utilize the wherein self-lubricating function of a large amount of sulfide of existence, improve its wear resistance thereby improve its antifriction quality.These characteristics of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel can make it be difficult under the situation of adding and maintenance lubricant at comparatively high temps, lean on the wherein self-lubricating function of a large amount of sulfide, still can keep higher antifriction quality and wear resistance, can guarantee under the comparatively high temps (250～550 ℃) that is difficult for adding and maintenance lubricant, to work effectively.Some anti-friction wear-resistant part is 550～700 ℃ of uses, need to improve its matrix hot hardness and intensity and oxidation-resistance with alloyage process, high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel by high temperature steel requirement alloying, 550～700 ℃ of good combination with higher antifriction quality, wear resistance and hot hardness and intensity, can guarantee has enough work-ing life in 550～700 ℃ of temperature ranges.
The research of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and production still are in the unexposed stage at present, so far see the report of this respect on the not relevant at home as yet academic journals, in order to set up brand-new high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel kind, must solve following technical problem by a large amount of fundamental research: (1) which alloying element can be used for high-sulfur cast steel, the interaction of they and sulphur how, and how much suitable content of available element is; (2) how many sulphur contents can reach; (3) which sulfide the sulfide that plays self-lubricating function is in high-sulfur cast steel; (4) how to improve the oxide morphology (shape, size) in the high-sulfur cast steel and distribute, reduce its deleterious effect mechanical property; (5) how which type of matrix optimum obtains suitable tissue; (6) castmethod to the influence of oxide morphology and matrix how, can a component prescription be applied to all castmethods; (7) how good anti-friction wear-resistant and mechanical property and thermotolerance organically to be combined, set up brand-new high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel system by improving oxide morphology and controlling matrix.Illustrate that with regard to these seven most important theories and technical problem we research and develop the achievement and the inventive point of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel below.
Considering in the interaction of alloying element and sulphur and the steel needs to add and keep a large amount of sulphur, and not all alloying element all can be applicable to high-sulfur alloy steel.Have only and to add 1600 ℃ of alloying elements in the molten steel simultaneously with a large amount of sulphur and could add in the high-sulfur alloy steel as alloying element." make steel and use chart handbook (metallurgical industry press always according to what professor Chen Jiaxiang write, published in 1984) Fig. 3 of 498 pages as can be seen: 1. rare earth element ce and La commonly used in some steel, because the ability (sweetening power) that they form sulfide is very strong, content at them is 0.1% o'clock, sulphur content in the molten steel is less than 0.1%, and such rare earth element must not be applied to high-sulfur alloy steel; 2. Ti and Zr commonly used in the most frequently used manganese and some steel in the general steel, because it is also very strong to form the ability of sulfide, (as the Mn in the molten steel is 1% o'clock also to reduce the solubleness of sulphur in molten steel significantly, the sulphur content of dissolving in the molten steel also has only 1%), also be out of use alloying element in the high-sulfur alloy steel; 3. have only in the alloying element commonly used in the general steel and form unsulfided forming element Si, Ni, Cu, Co etc. in can the force rate iron strong slightly alloying elements cr of sulfide, Al, V, Nb etc. and the steel and form the sulfide ability and Mo that iron phase is worked as and W etc. can add in right amount.In addition, only under extremely special situation, can add a small amount of B and P.The element Cr, Al, V, the Nb that form sulfide participate in the formation of sulfide, and Mo and W and unsulfided forming element Si, Ni, Co generally do not dissolve in sulfide (Mo is almost identical with content in steel with the content of W in sulfide), mainly dissolve in matrix and make its reinforcement.Data in literature and our result of study all disclose a scientific fact: the most frequently used Mn in the general steel, in nearly all steel all as the useful content (0.3～0.8%Mn) of often depositing impurity and must having, all be deleterious, unallowable in high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel.In above-mentioned 12 elements, Cr, Al, Si and Mo are the alloying elements that must use; W, V, Nb, Ni, Co, Cu, B, P etc. are the elements that can use respectively in some grade of steel of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel.
How many sulphur content upper limits in the high-sulfur alloy steel is, must primary study and definite problem when being the design of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel research, exploitation and composition.We determine high sulfur content according to following three principles when the composition design of the scientific research of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and grade of steel exploitation: 1. in order to bring into play the antifriction quality that the sulfide self-lubricating function improves high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel effectively to greatest extent, sulphur content and sulfide amount need be how much; 2. under each the alloying element content condition that is adopted, how much sulphur can dissolve in 1600 ℃ of molten steel; 3. guaranteeing under the situation of minimum mechanical property requirements how many multipotencys of sulphur content and sulfide amount allows.Keeping the Confucian or feudal ethical codes according to poplar awards and is published in " iron and steel " (1994, № 8,55～59 pages) on " compound antifriction material and applied research thereof " literary composition in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, sulfide amount as solid lubricant is increased to 10% by 3%, reduce frictional coefficient and wear rate significantly, continue to improve its quantity, effect reduces again, and is tending towards saturated effect in about 15% o'clock.Sulphur content when forming 15% sulfide is 5.4%.Under the situation of the content commonly used (C＜1%, Cr, Al, Si, Nb＜5%) of common alloy elements, the solubleness of sulphur in 1600 ℃ of molten steel has only 6%.Sulphur content surpasses 5.4%, and the beneficial effect that improves high-sulfur alloy steel antifriction quality and wear resistance obviously weakens, and its deleterious effect that reduces the obdurability of steel obviously increases.Therefore, the high sulfur content in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is decided to be 5.5～6.0%, suits.Our result of study has proved this point.
Which sulfide the sulfide that plays self-lubricating function in high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is actually, also is the problem that must solve in the research and development of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, and it relates to correct rational alloying.Powder metallurgy production method commonly used adds MoS in powder metallurgy iron-based antifriction material
2Or WS
2Make solid lubricant, they have hexagonal structure (laminate structure), and axial ratio c/a value is maximum, and self-lubricating function and antifriction function are best.But in high-sulfur alloy steel, when adopting smelting and castmethod to produce, can form MoS
2And WS
2Doing the self-lubricating solid agent, is the problem that we must solve when carrying out scientific research." make steel and use (the metallurgical industry press publication of chart data handbook always from what professor Chen Jiaxiang write, 1984) Fig. 4-78 of 265 pages as can be seen: in Fe-C-S-Mo or Fe-C-S-W system, Mo content in the sulfide is only slightly high (as containing 3%Mo in the steel than the Mo content in the steel, contain 3.6%Mo in the sulfide), and W content is much at one in W content in the sulfide and the steel.This means that Mo and W can only dissolve among the FeS that to form with FeS be the sulfide sosoloid of base, their molecular formula is respectively (Fe, Mo) S and (Fe, W) S must not form MoS
2Or WS
2Negating available MoS in high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel
2And WS
2Do after the self-lubricating solid agent, the problem that at first faces is how to find the sulfide that can be used as the self-lubricating solid agent.The alloying element that can form in the high-sulfur Alloy Cast Steel as the sulfide that is different from FeS of self-lubricating solid agent must possess following condition simultaneously: it is can force rate iron strong that (1) forms sulfide; (2) formed sulfide has hexagonal structure (laminate structure); (3) significantly do not reduce the solubleness of sulphur in molten steel.The alloying element that satisfies above 3 requirements in general steel in a large amount of alloying elements of using always simultaneously has only Cr, V and Al, and their sulfide is respectively CrS (Cr
3S
4), VS and Al
2S
3We utilize scanning electronic microscope energy spectrometer electron beam that the sulfide grain chemical composition analysis result of different shape and size is shown: the sulfide in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of Cr＜3%, Al＜1% and V＜1% all is to be the sulfide sosoloid that contains Cr, Al, V of base with FeS, can be referred to as with FeS is the polynary sulfide of base, its molecular formula is (Fe, Cr, Al, V) S; Finding in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of Cr＞3%, Al＞1% and V＞1% has with CrS, Al
2S
3With VS be the polynary sulfide of base, they often with the polynary sulfide coexistence that with FeS is base.
The homogeneity of how improving the oxide morphology (shape and size) in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and distributing, reduce its deleterious effect to mechanical property, make full use of its beneficial effect to anti-friction wear-resistant, being the important topic in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel research and development, is the problem that we pay close attention to all the time.Find at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel research initial stage: ubiquity a large amount of typical sulfide eutectics in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of general aluminium amount deoxidation, the larger-size isolated sulfide grain that also has considerable different shape, cause the unhomogeneity of sulfide grain size and the ununiformity of distribution (seeing accompanying drawing 1), also in the hypoeutectoid high-sulfur cast steel of nearly eutectoid composition, find around tiny eutectic sulfide grain, to form proeutectoid ferrite ring (solid is a shell), cause the ununiformity (seeing accompanying drawing 2) of matrix again.
Discover when Cr＞0.95% that through repetition test Si＞0.5%, Al＞0.7% o'clock can be eliminated the typical sulfide eutectic (seeing accompanying drawing 3) in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel fully, thereby increase the homogeneity of sulfide grain size and the homogeneity of distribution.
The spheroidization of sulfide grain can reduce it to successional destruction of matrix and stress concentration, thereby reduces its hazardness to mechanical property, should promote the spheroidization of sulfide grain as far as possible.Find when utilizing the scanning electronic microscope energy spectrometer that the chemical ingredients of the sulfide grain of different shapes and size is carried out substantive test: 1. rich Cr's is polynary sulfide grain the shape mostly subglobular or the ellipse of base with FeS; 2. with MnS be the polynary sulfide of base or rich Mn be that the polynary sulfide of base is mostly for strip or irregularly shaped with FeS; 3. the sulfide oxidation thing that lumps together with oxide junction is not only thick, and has irregular shape.We have invented a kind of usefulness and add Cr (＞0.95%), remove Mn (＜0.2%) in view of the above, and fully deoxidation is avoided the technology of secondary oxidation in the casting process to promote polynary sulfide grain spheroidization and increased the method for spheroidization rate.
Oxide morphology, quantity and distribution have great effect (as mentioned above) to its anti-friction wear-resistant and mechanical property in high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, its matrix (except that sulfide organize integral part) types of organization and parameter all have a significant impact the wear resistance of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and mechanical property and thermotolerance, also are problems to be solved in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel research and development.Determine by experiment with reference to lot of documents: 1. best base body tissue is fine pearlite (or adds a small amount of secondary cementite or add a small amount of proeutectoid ferrite) in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃ being suitable for, and can obtain under as cast condition or after the normalizing; 2. best tissue is that tempered sorbite (or troostite) adds undissolved carbide in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that is suitable for 500～700 ℃ of uses, the characteristics that the alloy carbide that has utilized Mo, W to hinder atomic diffusion and Mo, W, V, Cr is difficult for alligatoring improve its thermotolerance, can obtain behind quench hot and high tempering.
We give one's full attention to casting and castmethod to the influence of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel matrix and sulfide grain size in the research and development of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, and working out the component prescription of the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that is suitable for sand mold casting, investment cast and steel die cast, the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel alloying level correspondingly reduces when being characterized in by sand mold → fusible pattern → steel die cast.
We define and have measured the partition ratio of sulfide forming element in matrix and sulfide in the research and development of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, find that alloying element is relevant with castmethod with its formation sulfide ability with the partition ratio in the sulfide at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel matrix, determine that for correct the content of sulfide forming element provides scientific basis.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and production method thereof, by correct cda alloyization the improvement of oxide morphology and high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel matrix are combined near optimizing, good antifriction quality and wear resistance and mechanical property that meets the demands and thermotolerance are organically combined, set up brand-new high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel.
Must consider that in determining high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel they are in matrix and the partition ratio in the sulfide during sulfide forming element content.
The present invention is with the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of the polynary sulfide self-lubricating of 4～7 kinds of element cda alloyization in 10 kinds of elements such as S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo, W, Ni, V, Cu, P: with S, Cr, Al, Si or S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo cda alloyization be suitable in the chemical ingredients (mass percent) of the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃ be: C:0.25～2.3%, S:1.3～6.3%, Cr:0.95～4.5%, Al:0.7～1.6%, Mo:0.1～1.6%, Si:0.5～1.5%, surplus are iron.Generally under as cast condition, use, also can pass through normalizing or slack quenching.The fluctuation range that is suitable for each element in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of 550～700 ℃ of uses is: C:0.25～2.3%, S:1.2～6.2, Cr:1.0～7.0%, Al:0.7～1.6%, Si:0.5～1.5%, Mo:0.2～2.6%, W:0.6～1.6%, Ni:0.8～1.8%, V:0.6～1.4%, Cu:0.2～1.0%, P:0.03～1.2%, surplus is an iron.Generally behind quench hot and high tempering, use.
The reason that is called cda alloyization among the present invention is: consider their formed sulfur compounds and self-lubricating function when selecting alloying element simultaneously, they improve the beneficial effect of oxide morphology and distribution, they improve matrix hardness, intensity and stable on heating beneficial effect, a kind of element will play a kind of beneficial effect at least, but whole alloying system must guarantee the beneficial effect of above three aspects and guarantee can dissolve in required sulphur content in the steel.
The production method of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel comprises preparing burden gets the raw materials ready, smelt and cast three key links, it is characterized in that: with steel scrap (or technically pure iron), infusibility such as molybdenum-iron and ferrotungsten and the alloy material that is difficult for oxidation add heat fused in the medium-frequency induction furnace, the stokehold was decided carbon and is mended carbon with the spent cathodes fragment when temperature reached 1620～1680 ℃, add ferrosilicon simultaneously, deoxidation such as ferrochrome and vanadium iron and alloying, treat all to add sulphur iron (or sulfurous iron ore sand) again after the fusing, add aluminium block or aluminum strip (final deoxidation and alloying) at last, all melt and make homogenization of composition after pour into a mould, teeming temperature is 1500～1600 ℃, can adopt sand mold, fusible pattern and steel die cast (alloying level of steel should adapt with castmethod).
Be suitable for generally under as cast condition, using, also can eliminate internal stress annealing or normalizing, slack quenching (component prescription with its adaptation should be arranged) at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃; Or the casting back is at 500～620 ℃ of high temperings.
Be suitable in the thermal treatment of the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of 550～700 ℃ of uses be: dry quenching or oil quenchinng after being heated to 900～1120 ℃ of insulations, in 600～720 ℃ of tempering or casting back at 700～780 ℃ of high temperings.
The invention has the advantages that: utilize 5～7 kinds of element cda alloyization in the elements such as S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo, W, V, Ni, Cu, P, make full use of the beneficial effect of every kind of element.The experimental results proves: Mn is the most deleterious alloying element in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, its deleterious effect shows: (1) Mn is very strong sulfide forming element, significantly reduce the solubleness of sulphur in molten steel, add 0.5%Mn and be reduced to 3% with regard to making the solubleness of sulphur in 1600 ℃ of molten steel; (2) 0.50～0.58%Mn just can form that a part of what have cubic structure is basic sulfide sosoloid with MnS, and its antifriction quality is poor; (3) be that basic sulfide grain is strip mostly with MnS, significantly reduce the mechanical property of steel; (4) manganese mainly is distributed in (partition ratio of Mn in sulfide is 74.8% during sand mold casting) in the sulfide, and the partition ratio in matrix is very little, has only 25.2%, and the amount of dissolving in the matrix is very little, and is very little to the strengthening effect of matrix.Add Mn and be no advantage, only harmful, and also very harmful.Add 0.5～0.6%Mn, can only produce sulphur content less than 3% high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, not only unhelpful, very big harm is arranged on the contrary, just do not know its evil without scientific research.Therefore, in the present invention Mn content is controlled at below 0.2%, obtains good result (seeing accompanying drawing 4).The advantage of the present invention aspect alloying is: get rid of deleterious Mn in the high-sulfur Alloy Cast Steel, and with element rational Match cda alloyization such as useful alloying elements cr, Al, Si, Mo, W, V, Ni, Cu.The present invention is selecting characteristics and advantage aspect the self-lubricating solid agent to be: add alloying element assurance formation that proper C r, Al, V etc. can form the sulfide with hexagonal structure can keep hexagonal structure with FeS, CrS, Al
2S
3With VS be the base polynary sulfide as the self-lubricating solid agent.
The present invention in the advantage of improving aspect sulfide grain form and the distributing homogeneity is: utilize and eliminate typical sulfide eutectic fully with the method for Cr, Al, Si cda alloyization, increase sulfide grain dimensional homogeneity and distributing homogeneity; Utilization adds Cr, removes Mn, fully deoxidation and when preventing to pour into a mould the method for secondary oxidation promote the sulfide grain spheroidization, increase sulfide grain spheroidization rate.The most basic great advantage of the present invention is: good oxide morphology and distribution and optimum matrix are organically combined, give full play in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel sulfide and matrix and answer role, good anti-friction wear-resistant and better strength and toughness are combined, guarantee that high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel spare has long work-ing life.The close high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of composition before above-mentioned technical problem solves owing to exist typical sulfide eutectic and sulfide spheroidization relatively poor, tensile strength sigma
bHas only 360～420MPa, impelling strength α
kHas only 2～4J/cm
2, be 45 days work-ing life that is used to make medium plate mill's furnace outlet roller-way bearing; And with good oxide morphology and distribute combine with suitable matrix after, its tensile strength sigma
bReach 560～600MPa, α
kReach 6～8J/cm
2, reaching 90 days work-ing life, obdurability improves significantly, and double work-ing life.3125 rolling bearings of former usefulness have only 10 days work-ing life, if compare with former usefulness 3125 rolling bearings, improve 8 times work-ing life.
High-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel and other antifriction material more also have very big advantage.When the structure iron with 50HRC is friction pair, be that the frictional coefficient of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel measured under 60,000 conditions is 0.001～0.006 at revolution on the MM200 abrasion trier, mean value is 0.004, under similarity condition, the frictional coefficient of tinbronze (ZQSn5-5-5) is 0.013～0.0136, average out to 0.0133, the frictional coefficient of silicon brass (ZHSi80-3-3) is 0.0095～0.0105, average out to 0.01.The frictional coefficient of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is starkly lower than tinbronze and silicon brass.Under long-time (180,000 change) test conditions, the wear weight loss amount of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is 0.0019g, and the brass weight loss is 0.0158g, and high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel wear weight loss amount has only 12% of brass, and obviously the wear resistance of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel also obviously is better than brass.High-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel has a clear superiority in as bronze and the brass that friction reducing abrasion resistant material replaces tradition to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of the ununiformity of the unhomogeneity of sulfide grain size and distribution, obviously visible sulfide eutectic among the figure.
Fig. 2 is the ununiformity metallograph of matrix, proeutectoid ferrite around the obvious visible tiny eutectic sulfide grain among the figure.
Fig. 3 is the metallograph of oxide morphology of the present invention and distribution, has eliminated the sulfide eutectic, sulfide grain size and being evenly distributed.
Fig. 4 is the matrix metallograph of fine pearlite that all is of the present invention.
Embodiment
Example 1: the chemical ingredients that is suitable at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃ is 0.59 quality %C, 1.41 quality %S, 1.05 quality %Cr, 0.192 quality %Mn, 0.76 quality %Si, 0.72 quality %Al, 0.04 quality %P.Batching is: technically pure iron 96Kg, Si content are 75% ferrosilicon 1.4Kg, and Cr content is 55%, carbon content is 10% high carbon ferro-chrome 2.2Kg, and carbon-point fragment 0.5Kg contains the sulphur iron 4Kg of 38%S, aluminium fragment 0.9 Kg.At first technically pure iron is added (capacity 100Kg) heat fused in the medium-frequency induction furnace, when reaching 1640 ℃, temperature adds ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, the deoxidation of carbon-point fragment and alloying, all the fusing back adds sulphur iron, adds the aluminium fragment at last, and temperature is poured into casting in the fusible pattern when transferring to 1540 ℃.Use under as cast condition, wherein accompanying drawing 3 is seen in oxide morphology and distribution, and matrix is seen accompanying drawing 4, all is fine pearlite, and hardness is 24～27HRC.
Example 2: the chemical ingredients that is suitable at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of 550～700 ℃ of uses of smelting is 0.43 quality %C, 5.2 quality %S, 5.1 quality %Cr, 1.2 quality %Si, 1.1 quality %Al, 2.1 quality %Mo, 0.9 quality %W, 1.0 quality %V, 0.03 quality %P.Batching is: technically pure iron 70Kg, contain the molybdenum-iron 3.8Kg of 58%Mo, and contain the ferrotungsten 1.3Kg of 70%W, the ferrosilicon 2.2Kg that contains 75%Si contains the medium carbon ferrochrome 11Kg of 50%Cr and 4%C, the vanadium iron 2.5Kg that contains 42%V and 1%C contains the sulphur iron 14Kg of 38%S, aluminium fragment 1.3Kg.At first technically pure iron, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten are added in the medium-frequency induction furnace, add ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, vanadium iron when heat fused, temperature reach 1660 ℃ and all melt the back and add sulphur iron, add the aluminium fragment at last, temperature transfers to 1550 ℃ and is poured in the sand mold and casts.Be heated to 1060 ℃ of dry quenchings, the back hardness of quenching is 53～55HRC, is heated to 700 ℃ of tempering, and temper number is 29～33HRC.
Example 3: the chemical ingredients of high-carbon high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel is 1.8 quality %C, 4.7 quality %S, 3.6 quality %Cr, 1.2 quality %Si, 1.3 quality %Al, 1.1 quality %Mo, 0.1 quality %P.Batching is: technically pure iron 78Kg, molybdenum-iron 2Kg, ferrosilicon 2.2Kg, high carbon ferro-chrome 7Kg, carbon-point fragment 1.2Kg, sulphur iron 12.5Kg, aluminium fragment 1.5Kg.At first with in technically pure iron, molybdenum-iron, the adding medium-frequency induction furnace, when transferring to 1620 ℃, heat fused, temperature add ferrosilicon, high carbon ferro-chrome and carbon-point fragment, and all the fusing back adds the sulphur iron, adds the aluminium fragment at last, and temperature transfers to 1540 ℃ and is poured in the sand mold and casts.Use behind as cast condition or high tempering, hardness is 35～40HRC.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel, it is characterized in that: with S, Cr, Al, Si, Mo, W, Ni, V, Cu, the cast steel of the polynary sulfide self-lubricating of 4～7 kinds of element cda alloyization in the P element: with S, Cr, Al, Si or with S, Cr, Al, Si, the Mo cda alloyization be suitable in the chemical ingredients of the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃ be: C:0.25～2.3 quality %, S:1.3～6.3 quality %, Cr:0.95～4.5 quality %, Al:0.7～1.6 quality %, Si:0.5～1.5 quality %, Mo:0.1～1.6 quality %, surplus is an iron.
2, according to the described high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be suitable for that each element fluctuation range is in the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of 550～700 ℃ of uses: C:0.25～2.3 quality %, S:1.2～6.2 quality %, Cr:1.0～7.0 quality %, Al:0.7～1.6 quality %, Si:0.5～1.5 quality %, Mo:0.2～2.6 quality %, W:0.6～1.6 quality %, Ni:0.8～1.8 quality %, V:0.6～1.4 quality %, Cu:0.2～1.0 quality %, P:0.03～1.2 quality %, surplus is an iron.
3, the method for the described high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of a kind of production claim 1, production technique comprises: three steps are got the raw materials ready, smelt and cast to batching, it is characterized in that: steel scrap or technically pure iron, molybdenum-iron and ferrotungsten infusibility and the alloy material that is difficult for oxidation are added heat fused in the medium-frequency induction furnace, when temperature reaches 1620～1680 ℃, the stokehold is decided carbon and is mended carbon with spent cathodes carbon-point fragment, add ferrosilicon, ferrochrome and vanadium iron deoxidation and alloying simultaneously, treat all to add sulphur iron again after the fusing, add aluminium block or aluminum strip at last, final deoxidation and alloying; All melt and make homogenization of composition after pour into a mould, teeming temperature is 1500～1600 ℃; Adopt sand mold, fusible pattern or steel die cast, the alloying level of castmethod Ying Yugang adapts.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that: be suitable for generally under as cast condition, using, should eliminate internal stress annealing or normalizing, slack quenching at the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel that uses below 550 ℃; Or the casting back is at 500～620 ℃ of high temperings.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that: be suitable in the thermal treatment of the high-sulfur antifriction abrasion-resistant casting steel of 550～700 ℃ of uses be: dry quenching or oil quenchinng after being heated to 900～1120 ℃ of insulations, in 600～720 ℃ of tempering or casting back at 700～780 ℃ of high temperings.
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| CN110616385A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-27 | 无锡市东明冠特种金属制造有限公司 | Wear-resistant and heat-resistant steel and preparation method thereof |
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