CN108822036A - 一种手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的不对称合成方法 - Google Patents

一种手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的不对称合成方法 Download PDF

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CN108822036A
CN108822036A CN201810542160.7A CN201810542160A CN108822036A CN 108822036 A CN108822036 A CN 108822036A CN 201810542160 A CN201810542160 A CN 201810542160A CN 108822036 A CN108822036 A CN 108822036A
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王益锋
王彪
邵娟娟
许丹倩
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种如式(III)所示的手性4‑氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法:以式(I)所示的吡唑啉酮类化合物和式(II)所示的1,3‑二氯‑5,5‑二甲基海因为原料,于手性催化剂的作用下,在有机溶剂中进行不对称氯化反应直至反应完全,反应结束后反应液经后处理得到相应的产物,即式(III)所示手性4‑氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物,这类化合物可以作为一类重要的有机生物活性中间体应用于医药、农药等领域。本发明提供的这种手性氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物高效合成方法,其收率高、不对称选择性好、反应底物范围广泛、反应试剂廉价易得,具有重要的应用价值。

Description

一种手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的不对称合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法。
背景技术
不对称催化是当今化学发展最为活跃的领域之一,是开发手性药物、材料及香料等化学品的强大理论基础和学术依据。金属络合物作为最为普遍的化学催化剂,因其高效地催化效能和优异的手性诱导能力受到大家的广泛关注,其催化的不对称反应是现代手性合成的重要策略之一。在手性合成方面取得世人瞩目的成就,有些已被应用于工业生产。在传统的不对称催化过程,往往会出现所需温度条件苛刻以及反应时间长等不利因素,因此开发一种高效温和的不对称合成方法显得十分必要。
以具有生物活性的吡唑啉酮作为核心骨架的化合物广泛存在于很多药物、农药和天然产物中,如:安替比林(phenazone)用于解热镇痛。异丙安替比林(propyphenazone),用于发热、头痛、神经痛、风湿痛、牙痛等。安乃近(metamizole),有解毒、镇痛、抗风湿作用,主要用于退热,也用于急性关节炎、风湿性痛、肌肉痛、头痛等。GSK 189075,可以抑制SGLT2,用于治疗糖尿病,等等。这些临床医药、农药和天然产物的分子结构式如下所示:
在药物化学中,含氯的化合物能够增强代谢的稳定性。同时,含氯的手性季碳化合物能够转化为含重要官能团的手性化合物,增加手性吡唑啉酮类化合物的适用范围。因此发展一种高效简单的合成手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成策略显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的高效合成方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种如式(III)所示手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述方法具体按照如下步骤进行:
以式(I)所示的吡唑啉酮类化合物和式(II)所示的1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因为原料,于手性催化剂的作用下,在有机溶剂中,在-78~25℃下进行不对称氯化反应直至反应完全,得到反应液,经后处理得到式(III)所示手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物;所述的手性催化剂为以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物与铜盐形成的手性络合物;所述的式(I)所示的吡唑啉酮类化合物和式(II)所示的1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(DCDMH)、手性催化剂的物质的量之比为1:1.0~1.5:0.01~0.2;
式(I)或式(III)中,
R1为甲基、烯丙基、苄基、3-氯苄基、3-溴苄基、4-甲基苄基、4-氟苄基、4-三氟甲基苄基或2-萘甲基;
R2为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氟苯基或4-溴苯基;
R3为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基或4-三氟甲基苯基。
进一步,优选地,所述R1为苄基、3-氯苄基、3-溴苄基、4-甲基苄基、4-氟苄基或4-三氟甲基苄基;所述R2为苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氟苯基或4-溴苯基;所述R3为甲基或苯基。
进一步,本发明所述的以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物为式(IV)、式(V)、式(VI)或式(VII)所示化合物:
式(IV)或式(V)或式(VI)或式(VII)中,标有*的碳原子为手性碳原子;
式(IV)中,R4、R5各自独立为C34的烷基、苯基或苄基;R6、R7各自独立为甲基或C45的环烷基;
式(V)中,n为1~2,表示C45的环烷基,R8、R9各自独立为C34的烷基或苯基;
式(VI)中,R10、R11各自独立为C34的烷基或苯基;
式(VII)中,R12、R13、R13、R14各自独立为H、C34的烷基、苯基或苄基;所述的X为亚氨基或硫。
再进一步,优选地,所述R4、R5、R8、R9、R10、R11、R13、R14各自独立为苯基、苄基、异丙基或叔丁基;所述R6、R7各自独立为氢;所述的R12、R15各自独立为氢或苯基;所述的X为亚氨基或硫。
更进一步,本发明所述以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物更优选为下列之一:
进一步,所述铜盐为溴化铜、醋酸铜、三氟甲磺酸铜、乙酰丙酮铜或高氯酸铜。
进一步,本发明所述的有机溶剂的体积用量以式(I)所示吡唑啉酮类化合物的物质的量计为5~20mL/mmol。
再进一步,本发明所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、甲苯、四氢呋喃、甲醇或1,2-二氯乙烷。
进一步,本发明所述不对称去芳构化反应时间0.1-24h。
通常,本发明所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机相蒸馏脱除溶剂后,剩余物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:1~10的混合液,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,蒸除溶剂并干燥,即得式(III)所示的手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物。
本发明所述的手性催化剂具体按照如下方法进行制备:
将等摩尔以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物和铜盐加到玻璃试管中,然后加入二氯甲烷溶剂,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,即得所述的手性催化剂。
本发明的方法以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物与铜盐形成的手性络合物为催化剂,在均相条件下进行反应,后处理分离得到的一种手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物,可以作为一类重要的有机中间体应用于医药、农药等领域。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供的这种手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物的高效合成方法,其收率高、不对称选择性好、反应底物范围广泛、反应试剂廉价易得,具有重要的应用价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
实施例1:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,然后向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率96%),[α]D20=64°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.14-8.05(m,2H),7.77-7.71(m,2H),7.60-7.50(m,3H),7.43-7.35(m,2H),7.26-7.19(m,1H),7.17-7.10(m,1H),7.11-7.04(m,2H),6.91-6.84(m,2H),3.78(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.71(d,J=13.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.56,155.09,137.10,131.91,131.04,129.76,129.64,128.99,128.86,128.43,128.01,126.82,125.96,119.54,64.42,44.04ppm.通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.98%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-1:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-78℃条件下搅拌10min,向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.1h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率95%),通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.85%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-2:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于25℃条件下搅拌10min,向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应24h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率97%),通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.72%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-3:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.002mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.002mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率86%),通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.61%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-4:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.04mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.04mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率95%),通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.98%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-5:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入4mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,然后向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率96%)。通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.92.5%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-6:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入1mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,然后向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.1equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率97%)。通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.77%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例1-7:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,然后向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.0equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率92%)。通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.98%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+
实施例1-8:
反应式为:
将噁唑啉配体(VII)-a(0.02mmol)和六水合高氯酸铜(0.02mmol)加到玻璃试管中,然后加入2mL二氯甲烷,室温条件下搅拌30min,脱溶,得到手性催化剂。将上述手性催化剂、4-苄基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮(0.2mmol)分别加入到10mL试管中,加入2mL二氯甲烷溶解,置于-40℃条件下搅拌10min,然后向上述体系中加入式(II)所示1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(1.5equiv),室温搅拌反应0.5h,将反应液减压浓缩,上硅胶层析柱分离,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比为1~10:1的洗脱液为洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,收集洗脱液蒸去溶剂,得到黄色油状产物(收率96%)。通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,336nm;tR=7.373min,10.026min.98%ee.。HRMS:m/z=361.1098[M+Na]+.
实施例2-28
取与实施例1相同的反应物,相同的操作步骤下,反应置于-30℃条件下,所用催化剂分别以0.02mmol以下配体与不同的铜盐络合物替代配体(VII)-a与六水合高氯酸铜的络合物,催化剂制备方法与实施例1相同,以及在(VII)-a与六水合高氯酸铜络合物催化下不同有机溶剂中进行不对称氯化反应,结果如下表所示:
实施例29:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-(3-氯苄基)-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率98%)。[α]D20=48°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.11–7.97(m,2H),7.80–7.73(m,2H),7.61–7.48(m,3H),7.46–7.37(m,2H),7.25(m,1H),7.12(m,1H),7.02(m,1H),6.87–6.75(m,2H),3.74(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.65(d,J=13.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.32,154.98,136.99,134.21,133.89,131.29,130.01,129.74,129.52,129.15,128.97,128.33,127.91,126.82,126.17,119.61,64.08,43.46ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为DaicelChiralpak OD-H,2-propanol:hexane=1:99,flow rate 1.0mL/min,254nm;tR=22.132min,26.025min.79%ee.HRMS:m/z=395.0709[M+Na]+.
实施例30:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-(3-溴苄基)-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率95.3%)。[α]D 20=5°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.06(m,2H),7.89-7.71(m,2H),7.67-7.48(m,3H),7.48-7.37(m,2H),7.36-7.19(m,2H),6.96(m,2H),6.83(m,1H),3.73(m,1H),3.63(m,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.27,154.94,136.92,134.09,132.90,131.25,131.21,129.97,129.48,129.12,128.94,128.31,126.78,126.14,122.29,119.61,64.05,43.36ppm.IR:1760,1678,1245,1020.The enantiomeric excess was determined byHPLC(Daicel Chiralpak OD-H column at 336nm,2-propanol:hexane=1:99,flow rate1.0mL/min;tR=10.479min,12.799min.75%ee.HRMS:m/z=439.0210[M+Na]+.
实施例31:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-(4-氟苄基)-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率85.3%)。[α]D20=13°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.09(m,2H),7.76(m,2H),7.65–7.49(m,3H),7.49–7.37(m,2H),7.24(m,1H),6.87–6.81(m,2H),6.80–6.74(m,2H),3.80–3.62(m,2H).13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.43,163.36,161.39,154.95,137.02,131.53,131.46,131.18,129.50,129.08,128.93,127.73,126.76,126.07,119.43,115.51,115.34,64.21,43.13ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at336nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=14.946min,17.599min.56%ee.HRMS:m/z=379.1004[M+Na]+.
实施例32:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-烯丙基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率74.3%)。[α]D20=31°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.15-8.05(m,2H),8.0-7.97(m,2H),7.57-7.42(m,5H),7.28(m,1H),5.53-5.33(m,1H),5.23-4.98(m,2H),3.28-3.04(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.47,155.31,137.45,131.14,129.16,129.03,128.99,128.22,126.76,125.89,122.57,119.15,63.44,42.10ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为DaicelChiralpak AD-H column at 336nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,254nm;tR=6.040min,7.867min.44%ee.HRMS:m/z=311.0952[M+Na]+.
实施例33:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率77.8%)。[α]D20=19°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.12-8.05(m,2H),7.77–7.66(m,2H),7.62–7.50(m,3H),7.44–7.37(m,2H),7.35(m,2H),7.28–7.21(m,1H),6.99(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.82(m 1H),3.76(m,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.21,154.82,136.95,136.05,131.36,130.27,129.39,129.20,129.01,126.80,126.24,125.46,125.43,119.50,64.04,43.60ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at336nm,2-propanol:hexane=3:97,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=9.840min,11.733min.32%ee.HRMS:m/z=429.0971[M+Na]+.
实施例34:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-(2-萘甲基)-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率98.8%)。[α]D20=14°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.00(m,2H),7.85(m,1H),7.71(m,1H),7.66(m,1H),7.62–7.57(m,2H),7.51(m,1H),7.44(m,2H),7.34(m,3H),7.26–7.20(m,1H),7.20–7.14(m,3H),4.29(d,J=14.1Hz,1H),4.16(d,J=14.1Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.75,155.46,137.00,133.68,131.52,130.95,129.98,128.97,128.85,128.81,128.62,128.48,128.40,127.01,125.93,125.74,125.61,124.81,123.65,119.49,65.09,39.67ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak OD-H column at264nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate1.0mL/min;tR=7.693min,11.293min.47%ee.HRMS:m/z=411.1254[M+Na]+.
实施例35:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-5-(4-氟苯基)-2-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率86%)。[α]D20=13°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.08(m,2H),7.73(m,2H),7.44–7.35(m,2H),7.23(m,3H),7.15(m,1H),7.09(m,2H),6.87(m,2H),3.78(d,J=13.3Hz,1H),3.65(d,J=13.3Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.37,165.28,163.27,154.18,137.02,131.79,129.68,128.99,128.93,128.89,128.48,128.10,126.03,119.51,116.35,116.17,64.33,44.06ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at336nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=8.199min,10.946min.64%ee.HRMS:m/z=379.1002[M+Na]+.
实施例36:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-5-(4-溴苯基)-2-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色液体产物(收率96%)。[α]D20=-245°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.47(m,2H),7.42(m,2H),7.38(m,1H),6.30(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),4.82(m,1H),2.00(m,1H),1.86(m,1H),1.69(m,2H),1.26(m,5H),1.01(m,2H),0.87(d,J=6.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=189.97,165.45,144.72,138.41,130.79,129.95,129.69,128.96,127.98,123.31,77.42,60.64,32.69,32.67,31.41,30.93,30.91,21.63ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel ChiralpakOD-H,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min,254nm;tR=9.99min,13.52min.94%ee.HRMS:m/z=385.0417[M+Na]+.
实施例37:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率82.4%)。[α]D20=12°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.08–8.01(m,2H),7.77–7.70(m,2H),7.42–7.34(m,2H),7.25–7.18(m,2H),7.17–7.10(m,2H),7.12–7.01(m,4H),6.93–6.86(m,2H),3.94(s,3H),3.77(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=13.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.39,161.74,154.88,137.16,132.00,129.77,128.81,128.50,128.39,127.95,125.80,122.24,119.48,114.40,64.62,55.46ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at 344nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate1.0mL/min;tR=10.839min,20.332min.45%ee.HRMS:m/z=391.1203[M+Na]+.
实施例38:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-(4-氯苯基)-5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率97.1%)。[α]D20=90°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.11(m,2H),7.96(m,2H),7.65(m,2H),7.61–7.53(m,3H),7.13(m,1H),7.07(m,2H),6.89–6.81(m,2H),3.76(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.80,155.72,139.82,131.66,131.42,129.68,129.30,129.10,128.50,128.15,126.95,126.14,126.11,126.08,118.77,64.46,44.08ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at 336nm,2-propanol:hexane=30:70,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=6.573min,8.947min.96%ee.HRMS:m/z=395.0710[M+Na]+.
实施例39:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率90%)。[α]D20=68°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.15–8.04(m,2H),7.94(m,1H),7.80(m,1H),7.67–7.49(m,3H),7.34(m,1H),7.25(m,1H),7.17–7.11(m,1H),7.11–7.05(m,2H),6.91–6.79(m,2H),3.85–3.63(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.55,155.47,138.19,131.71,131.29,130.19,129.69,129.36,129.05,128.76,128.49,128.12,126.91,122.54,122.01,117.53,64.42,44.02ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel ChiralpakOJ-H column at 328nm,2-propanol:hexane=2:98,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=10.933min,15.999min.87%ee.HRMS:m/z=429.0970[M+Na]+.
实施例40:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率88.5%)。[α]D20=10°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.07–8.00(m,2H),7.77–7.69(m,2H),7.42–7.33(m,2H),7.28–7.17(m,1H),7.17–7.09(m,1H),7.12–7.01(m,4H),6.92–6.86(m,2H),3.94(s,3H),3.76(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=13.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.40,161.77,154.90,137.20,132.03,129.79,128.82,128.52,128.40,127.96,125.80,122.28,119.50,114.42,64.64,55.47,44.22ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at 336nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate1.0mL/min;tR=10.373min,18.972min,86%ee.HRMS:m/z=391.1203[M+Na]+.
实施例41:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-(4-氰基苯基)-5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率85%)。[α]D20=115°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.10(m,2H),8.02–7.96(m,2H),7.67(m,2H),7.62–7.52(m,3H),7.14(m,1H),7.06(m,2H),6.83(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),3.88–3.63(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.88,156.07,140.48,133.09,131.61,131.54,129.65,129.15,129.11,128.53,128.21,127.01,126.03,118.78,108.78,64.46,44.08ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak OD-H column at 284nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=32.358min,41.117min.89%ee.HRMS:m/z=374.1059[M+Na]+.
实施例42:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-(3-溴苯基)-5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率98.2%)。[α]D20=69°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.16–8.02(m,2H),7.78–7.67(m,2H),7.61–7.49(m,3H),7.35(m,2H),7.14(m,1H),7.07(m,2H),6.92–6.76(m,2H),3.74(m,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.48,155.38,135.63,131.76,131.24,131.13,129.70,129.04,128.95,128.45,128.09,126.86,120.47,64.42,44.09ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak OD-H column at 332nm,2-propanol:hexane=30:70,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=11.319min,13.786min.96%ee.HRMS:m/z=739.0207[M+Na]+.
实施例43:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-5-甲基2-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率94.4%)。[α]D20=-5°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.66(m,2H),7.39–7.33(m,2H),7.24(m,3H),7.21–7.15(m,3H),3.65(m,1H),3.31(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),2.28(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=169.13,157.82,137.10,132.23,129.41,128.83,128.78,128.15,125.68,119.22,65.65,42.63,13.70ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak IC-H column at344nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=26.891min,32.491min.38%ee.HRMS:m/z=299.0939[M+Na]+.
实施例44:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-苄基-2-甲基5-苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率73.7%)。[α]D20=-6°(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.07–7.90(m,2H),7.60–7.40(m,3H),7.15(m,3H),6.89–6.77(m,2H),3.63(m,2H),3.20(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=171.13,154.55,132.08,130.66,129.75,128.91,128.29,127.88,126.43,63.25,43.72,31.62ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at 332nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=6.080min,8.146min.98%ee.HRMS:m/z=299.0940[M+Na]+.
实施例45:
与实施例1不同之处在于:所用吡唑啉酮为4-甲基-2,5-二苯基吡唑啉酮,其他反应条件及步骤与反应实施例1相同,得到黄色油状产物(收率82.4%)。[α]D20=1(c=1.0,CH2Cl2).1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=12.30(s,1H),8.76(m,1H),7.91(m,1H),7.77(m,1H),7.58(m,1H),7.39(m,1H),7.19(m,1H),4.12(s,3H).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ=170.24,156.82,137.57,131.17,129.06,128.98,128.72,126.92,125.86,119.05,61.52,24.44ppm;通过手性HPLC分析,具体分析条件为Daicel Chiralpak AD-H column at336nm,2-propanol:hexane=10:90,flow rate 1.0mL/min;tR=6.813min,9.173min.14%ee.HRMS:m/z=285.0786[M+Na]+.

Claims (10)

1.一种如式(III)所示手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述方法具体按照如下步骤进行制备:
以式(I)所示的吡唑啉酮类化合物和式(II)所示的1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因为原料,于手性催化剂的作用下,在有机溶剂中,在-78~25℃下进行不对称氯化反应直至反应完全,得到反应液,经后处理得到式(III)所示手性4-氯吡唑啉酮类化合物;所述的手性催化剂为以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物与铜盐形成的手性络合物;所述的式(I)所示的吡唑啉酮类化合物和式(II)所示的1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因(DCDMH)、手性催化剂的物质的量之比为1:1.0~1.5:0.01~0.2;
式(I)或式(III)中,
R1为甲基、烯丙基、苄基、3-氯苄基、3-溴苄基、4-甲基苄基、4-氟苄基、4-三氟甲基苄基或2-萘甲基;
R2为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氟苯基或4-溴苯基;
R3为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基或4-三氟甲基苯基。
2.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述R1为甲基、烯丙基、苄基、3-氯苄基、3-溴苄基、4-甲基苄基、4-氟苄基、4-三氟甲基苄基或2-萘甲基。
3.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的R2为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苄基、4-氟苄基或4-溴苄基。
4.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的R3为甲基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基。
5.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物为式(IV)或式(V)或式(VI)或式(VII)所示化合物之一:
式(IV)或式(V)或式(VI)或式(VII)中,标有*的碳原子为手性碳原子;
式(IV)中,R4、R5各自独立为C34的烷基、苯基或苄基;R6、R7各自独立为甲基或C45的环烷基;
式(V)中,n为1~2,表示C45的环烷基,R8、R9各自独立为C34的烷基或苯基;
式(VI)中,R10、R11各自独立为C34的烷基或苯基;
式(VII)中,R12、R13、R13、R14各自独立为H、C34的烷基、苯基或苄基;所述的X为亚氨基或硫。
6.如权利要求5所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述R4、R5、R8、R9、R10、R11、R13或R14各自独立为苯基、苄基、异丙基或叔丁基;所述R6或R7各自独立为氢;所述的R12或R15各自独立为氢或苯基;所述的X为亚氨基或硫。
7.如权利要求6所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述以噁唑啉为官能团的手性化合物为下列之一:
8.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述铜盐为溴化铜、醋酸铜、三氟甲磺酸铜、乙酰丙酮铜或高氯酸铜。
9.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙腈、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、甲苯、四氢呋喃、甲醇、1,2-二氯乙烷;所述有机溶剂的体积用量以式(I)所示吡唑啉酮类化合物的物质的量计为5~15mL/mmol。
10.如权利要求1所述的手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取,取有机相蒸馏脱除溶剂后,剩余物用200~300目硅胶进行柱层析分离,以乙酸乙酯与石油醚体积比1:1~10的混合液为洗脱机进行梯度洗脱,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,蒸除溶剂并干燥,即得手性4-氯代吡唑啉酮类化合物。
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