CN108806513A - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108806513A CN108806513A CN201810713555.9A CN201810713555A CN108806513A CN 108806513 A CN108806513 A CN 108806513A CN 201810713555 A CN201810713555 A CN 201810713555A CN 108806513 A CN108806513 A CN 108806513A
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- display area
- data line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/131—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/40—OLEDs integrated with touch screens
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- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of display panel and display devices.Underlay substrate includes device setting area, the first non-display area, viewing area and the second non-display area in the display panel, and the first non-display area surrounds device setting area, and viewing area surrounds the first non-display area；The multiple data lines being formed on underlay substrate；The first metal layer, second metal layer and the third metal layer being formed on underlay substrate, each data line include the first cabling portion, and the first cabling portion is located in second metal layer；Segment data line by the first non-display area further includes the first bridge, and each first bridge is respectively positioned in third metal layer；Alternatively, each first bridge is respectively positioned in the first metal layer；Alternatively, the first bridge of part is located in third metal layer, the first bridge of part is located in the first metal layer, and above-mentioned display panel can be under the premise of ensuring that display panel screen accounting is higher so that each larger-size device normal mounting uses.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to display technology more particularly to a kind of display panel and display devices.
Background technology
With the continuous development of display technology, display panel is widely used in mobile phone, tablet computer and public place
In the electronic equipments such as the information enquiry machine in hall, facility is brought for people's lives.
Currently, " screen accounting " becomes an important parameter for weighing display panel quality." screen accounting " is bigger, it is meant that aobvious
Show that the frame of panel is smaller, this makes the frame of display panel that can not accommodate larger-size device, such as camera, receiver or red
Outer sensor etc..Therefore, how under the premise of ensuring that display panel screen accounting is higher so that each larger-size device can
Normal mounting, which uses, becomes urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
A kind of display panel of present invention offer and display device, to solve ensuring the higher premise of display panel screen accounting
Under so that each larger-size device can normal mounting use the problem of.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of display panel, which includes：
Underlay substrate, the underlay substrate include that device setting area, the first non-display area, viewing area and second are non-display
Area, the first non-display area encirclement device setting area, the viewing area encirclement first non-display area, described second
Non-display area surrounds the viewing area；
Multiple data lines, multi-strip scanning line and the multiple pixel units being formed on the underlay substrate, multiple pictures
Plain unit is arranged in array structure；In the viewing area, the data line extends along the column direction of the array structure, described
Scan line extends along the line direction of the array structure；Each pixel unit and the corresponding data line and right with it
The scan line answered is electrically connected；
The first metal layer, second metal layer and the third metal layer being formed on the underlay substrate, first metal
For layer between the underlay substrate and the second metal layer, the second metal layer is located at the first metal layer and described
Between third metal layer；
Each data line includes the first cabling portion, and first cabling portion is located in the second metal layer；By
First cabling portion of the part data line of first non-display area is arranged around the device setting area；By institute
The part data line for stating the first non-display area further includes the first bridge, and it is non-aobvious that first bridge is located at described first
Show in area and is arranged around the device setting area；First cabling portion of the data line including first bridge
It is electrically connected with corresponding first bridge；
Each first bridge is respectively positioned in the third metal layer；Alternatively, each first bridge is respectively positioned on institute
It states in the first metal layer；Alternatively, part first bridge is located in the third metal layer, part first bridge
In the first metal layer.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provide a kind of display device, which includes the embodiment of the present invention
Display panel described in any one provided.
The embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：First, by adding the first non-display area, and it is non-aobvious to be arranged first
Showing that area surrounds device setting area, viewing area surrounds the first non-display area, is laid out again to each region of display panel,
The position of device setting area is adjusted, to make full use of each region of display panel, and then reaches and is ensuring display panel screen
Under the premise of accounting is higher so that each larger-size device being capable of the purpose that uses of normal mounting.Second, by being arranged each the
One bridge is respectively positioned in third metal layer；Alternatively, each first bridge is respectively positioned in the first metal layer；Alternatively, part first
Bridge is located in third metal layer, and the first bridge of part is located in the first metal layer, can increase phase in same metal layer
The distance between adjacent two data lines, and then reduce the capacitance coupling effect in same metal layer between adjacent two data line,
Inhibit signal cross-talk between data line adjacent in same metal layer, and then achievees the purpose that improve display effect.In addition, in this way
It is arranged under the premise of signal cross-talk is smaller between ensuring data line adjacent in same metal layer, it is non-can fully reduces first
The area of viewing area improves screen accounting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing structural schematic diagram of display panel；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of device setting area and the first non-display area in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram of region D in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of the B1-B2 along Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
The cross-sectional view that Fig. 9 is cut by display panel in Fig. 8 by the first plane；
The cross-sectional view that Figure 10 is cut by another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane；
The cross-sectional view that Figure 11 is cut by another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane；
Figure 12-14 is illustrated by the cross-section structure that three kinds of display panels provided in an embodiment of the present invention are cut by the first plane
Figure；
Figure 15 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram that data line is laid in Figure 14；
The cross-sectional view that Figure 16 is cut by another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane；
Figure 17 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of Demux circuits provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 18 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that in order to just
Only the parts related to the present invention are shown in description, attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing structural schematic diagram of display panel.Referring to Fig. 1, which includes underlay substrate
010.Underlay substrate 010 includes device setting area 011, viewing area 013 and the second non-display area 014, the second non-display area 014
Viewing area 013 and device setting area 011 are surrounded, and viewing area 013 and device setting area 011 are spaced apart.The display
Panel further includes the multiple data lines 020, multi-strip scanning line 030 and multiple pixel lists being formed in 010 viewing area 013 of substrate base
Member 040.Multiple pixel units 040 are arranged in array structure, and data line 020 extends along the column direction 100 of array structure, scan line
030 along array structure line direction 200 extend；It each pixel unit 040 and corresponding data line 020 and corresponding sweeps
Line 030 is retouched to be electrically connected.Wherein, device setting area 011 is for being arranged camera, receiver or infrared sensor etc..
With the continuous development of display technology, the frame of display panel is smaller and smaller, and screen accounting is increasing, causes second
The size of non-display area 014 is smaller and smaller so that the second non-display area 014 can not accommodate larger-size device, as camera,
Receiver or infrared sensor etc..Therefore, how under the premise of ensuring that display panel screen accounting is higher so that each larger-size
Device can normal mounting use become urgent problem to be solved.
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of display panel.Fig. 2 is a kind of display provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of panel.Fig. 3 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of device setting area and the first non-display area in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is Fig. 3
The dimensional structure diagram of middle region D.Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of the B1-B2 along Fig. 3.Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and figure
5, which includes：Underlay substrate 10, underlay substrate 10 include device setting area 11, the first non-display area 12, viewing area
13 and second non-display area 14, the first non-display area 12 surround device setting area 11, viewing area 13 surrounds the first non-display area
12, the second non-display area 14 surrounds viewing area 13；It is formed in multiple data lines 20 on underlay substrate 10,30 and of multi-strip scanning line
Multiple pixel units 40, multiple pixel units 40 are arranged in array structure；In viewing area 13, data line 20 is along array structure
Column direction 100 extends, and scan line 30 extends along the line direction 200 of array structure；Each pixel unit 40 and corresponding data
Line 20 and corresponding scan line 30 are electrically connected；It is formed in the first metal layer M1 on underlay substrate 10, second metal layer
M2 and third metal layer M3, the first metal layer M1 are between underlay substrate 10 and second metal layer M2, second metal layer M2
Between the first metal layer M1 and third metal layer M3；Each data line 20 includes the first cabling portion 21, the first 21, cabling portion
In second metal layer M2；Device setting area is surrounded by the first cabling portion 21 of the segment data line 20 of the first non-display area 12
11 settings；Segment data line 20 by the first non-display area 12 further includes the first bridge 22, and the first bridge 22 is located at the
It is arranged in one non-display area 12 and around device setting area 11；First cabling portion 21 of the data line 20 including the first bridge 22
It is electrically connected with corresponding first bridge 22；Each first bridge 22 is respectively positioned in third metal layer M3.
The first non-display area 12 is arranged by adding the first non-display area 12 in comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 2, above-mentioned technical proposal
Device setting area 11 is surrounded, viewing area 13 surrounds the first non-display area 12, is substantially to carry out cloth again to each region of display panel
Office, the position of device setting area 11 is adjusted, is ensuring display surface to make full use of each region of display panel, and then reach
Under the premise of plate screen accounting is higher so that each larger-size device being capable of the purpose that uses of normal mounting.
Consider existing display panel, in practical work process, within the display time of a frame, each data line is according to battle array
The line direction of array structure sequentially inputs data line signal, to charge for the pixel unit that is electrically connected.For example, to i-th
After data line input data signal, pair i+1 data line input data signal adjacent with the i-th data line, due to logical
Normal i+1 data line needs the data-signal inputted to be not equal to the data-signal that the i-th data line inputs.This can make,
When to i+1 data line input data signal, because the data-signal on the i-th data line of effect of coupled capacitor is jumped
Become, that is, causes adjacent two data lines signal cross-talk.When showing more harsh picture, with the data line that signal cross-talk occurs
The display brightness difference for the pixel unit that the display brightness of connected pixel unit is connected with the data line that signal cross-talk does not occur
It is larger, it is uneven in turn result in display.
Studies have shown that the coupled capacitor between adjacent data line is bigger, signal cross-talk phenomenon is more serious.According to formulaCoupling capacitances of the wherein C between adjacent two data line 20, ε are electricity between adjacent two data line 20
Dielectric permittivity, it is related to dielectric material, it is definite value.S is the facing area of adjacent two data line 20, and d is adjacent
The distance between two data lines 20, k are electrostatic force constant, are definite value.As shown from the above formula, for being located at same metal layer
In adjacent two data line 20, the facing area S of adjacent two data line 20 is definite value, between adjacent two data line 20 away from
Bigger from d, the coupling capacitance C between adjacent two data line 20 is smaller, is less susceptible to out between adjacent two data line 20
Existing signal cross-talk.
Substantially it is that will count by setting " each first bridge is respectively positioned in third metal layer M3 " in above-mentioned technical proposal
The part passed through in the first non-display area 12 according to line is two major classes, and one kind makes to be formed using third metal layer M3, and one kind utilizes
Second metal layer M2 makes to be formed.In this way in the case where the total number P of the data line by the first non-display area 12 is certain, often
In one layer of metal layer (including third metal layer M3 and second metal layer M2), data line quantity is respectively less than P, can increase so same
The distance between adjacent two data line 20 in one metal layer, and then reduce in same metal layer between adjacent two data line 20
Capacitance coupling effect, inhibit signal cross-talk between data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer, and then reach raising display effect
The purpose of fruit.
Compared to " in the first non-display area, it will be by the data line of the first non-display area conducive to the making of same metal layer
Formed " scheme compare, with continued reference to Fig. 4, since the data line of the first non-display area 12 is utilized third metal layer M2 and the
Two metal layer M2 make to be formed jointly, can be abundant under the premise of signal cross-talk is smaller between ensuring adjacent data line 20
Reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, improves screen accounting.
Wherein, device setting area 11 refers to the region for the devices such as camera, receiver or infrared sensor to be arranged.In reality
When border is arranged, according to the needs of device to be placed, optionally, by underlay substrate 10 in the device setting area 11 together with being formed in this
Each film layer in region is cut out；Alternatively, retaining the underlay substrate 10 in the device setting area 11, will be formed in the area
At least partly film layer is cut out.The application is without limitation.
In figure 2 and figure 3, illustratively, the shape of setting device setting area 11 is circle, this is only one of the application
Specific example, rather than the limitation to the application.In actual setting, optionally, the shape of setting device setting area 11 is polygon
Shape (such as rectangle) or ellipse.Similarly, the shape of the first non-display area 12 may be polygon, round or ellipse
Deng.
In addition, " surrounding device setting area 11 by the first cabling portion 21 of the segment data line 20 of the first non-display area 12
Be arranged " in " surround " refer in the first non-display area 12 first cabling portion 21 along device setting area 11 edge detour.It is exemplary
Ground, in Fig. 3, the starting point B3 and 11 center O of device setting area that the first cabling portion 21 detours along the edge of device setting area 11 are (optional
Ground, 11 center O of device setting area are the geometric center of device setting area 11) line be B3O, the first cabling portion 21 is set along device
The angle α for setting line B4O, B3O and the B4O formation of the terminal B4 and 11 center O of device setting area of the edge detour in area 11 is less than
180°.In actual setting, optionally, the value range of the angle α that B3O and B4O are formed is and to be less than 360 ° more than 0 °, i.e.,
First cabling portion 21 can surround device setting area 11, can not also surround device setting area 11.The application is not restricted this.
Similarly, " the first bridge 22 is located in the first non-display area 12 and is arranged around device setting area 11 " refers to the
One bridge 22 detours along the edge of device setting area 11.First bridge 22 can surround device setting area 11, can not also
Surround device setting area 11.The application is not restricted this.
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Compared with Fig. 5, in Fig. 6
In the display panel of offer, each first bridge 22 is respectively positioned in the first metal layer M1.The essence being arranged in this way is by data line
It is divided into two major classes by the part in the first non-display area 12, one kind makes to be formed using the first metal layer M1, a kind of to utilize the
Two metal layer M2 make to be formed.It is each in this way in the case where the total number P of the data line by the first non-display area 12 is certain
In layer metal layer (including the first metal layer M1 and second metal layer M2), data line quantity is respectively less than P, can increase so same
The distance between adjacent two data line 20 in metal layer, and then reduce in same metal layer between adjacent two data line 20
Capacitance coupling effect inhibits signal cross-talk between data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer, and then reaches raising display effect
Purpose.In addition, be arranged in this way under the premise of signal cross-talk is smaller between ensuring data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer,
The area of the first non-display area 12 can fully be reduced, improve screen accounting.
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Compared with Fig. 5, in Fig. 7
In the display panel of offer, part first bridges position 22 in third metal layer M3, and the first bridge of part 22 is located at first
Metal layer M1.The essence being arranged in this way is to be divided into three categories data line by the part in the first non-display area 12, Yi Leili
It makes to be formed of the first metal layer M1, one kind makes to be formed using second metal layer M2, and last one kind utilizes third metal layer M3
It makes and is formed.In this way in the case where the total number P of the data line by the first non-display area 12 is certain, each layer of metal layer
In (including the first metal layer M1, second metal layer M2 and third metal layer M3), data line quantity is respectively less than P, can increase in this way
The distance between adjacent two data line 20 in big same metal layer, and then reduce adjacent two data line 20 in same metal layer
Between capacitance coupling effect, inhibit signal cross-talk between data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer, and then it is aobvious to reach raising
Show the purpose of effect.In addition, it is smaller that the signal cross-talk between ensuring data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer is arranged in this way
Under the premise of, it can fully reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, improve screen accounting.
Consider to be located at two data lines 20 that distance is closer in different metal layer, if there are facing area S, according to formulaWhen long-pending S is definite value on the right side, the distance between adjacent two data line 20 d is bigger, this two data line 20
Between coupling capacitance C it is smaller.Therefore, such as Fig. 5, optionally, if between the first metal layer M1 and second metal layer M2 most
Small distance d1 is less than the minimum range d2 between second metal layer M2 and third metal layer M3；Each first bridge 22 is respectively positioned on
In three metal layer M3.The benefit being arranged in this way is can to further decrease the data line that distance is closer in adjacent metal
Between coupling capacitance C, and then reach and inhibit to be located at the signal cross-talk in adjacent metal between the closer data line of distance
Phenomenon.
There are many application said program concrete methods of realizing, below be just described in detail in conjunction with specific example, but not
Constitute the limitation to the application.
Due to " each first bridge is respectively positioned in third metal layer M3 " scheme with " each first bridge is respectively positioned on first
In metal layer M1 " scheme it is similar, only illustrated by taking " each first bridge is respectively positioned in third metal layer M3 " as an example below.
With continued reference to Fig. 5, optionally, the first bridge 22 is located in third metal layer M3；In the first non-display area 12,
Upright projection of all first bridge 22 on underlay substrate 10 hanging down on underlay substrate 10 with all first cablings portion 21
It is misaligned to deliver directly shadow.Setting can make the right opposite of each the first bridge 22 and any one the first cabling portion 21 in this way
Product S is 0, and the arbitrary in this way two coupling capacitance C being located between the data line 20 of different metal layer are 0, reach inhibition and are located at
Signal cross-talk in different metal layer between data line improves the purpose of display effect.
In design, meet " upright projection of all first bridge 22 on underlay substrate 10 and all first cablings
Upright projection of the portion 21 on underlay substrate 10 is misaligned " there are many design schemes of this condition.For example, optionally, also may be used
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, setting is directed toward viewing area 13 along 11 center O of device setting area, and is parallel to the row side of array structure
To on 200, in the first non-display area 12, odd number data line 20 includes the first bridge 22 and the first cabling portion 21, the
Even number data line 20 only includes the first cabling portion 21.The essence being arranged in this way is that data line 20 is passed through the first non-display area 12
Part it is average or approximate average be allocated in second metal layer M2 and third metal layer M3, it is non-display to be substantially reduced first
Each metal layer needs the quantity for the data line 20 laid in area 12, and then reduces the area of the first non-display area 12, realizes narrow side
Frame improves screen accounting.
Similarly, it can also be arranged and be directed toward viewing area 13 along 11 center O of device setting area, and be parallel to the row of array structure
On direction 200, in the first non-display area 12, even number data line 20 includes the first bridge 22 and the first cabling portion 21,
Odd number data line 20 only includes the first cabling portion 21.Data line 20 can equally be passed through the first non-display area by setting in this way
12 part is average or approximate average to be allocated in second metal layer M2 and third metal layer M3, non-aobvious to be substantially reduced first
Show that each metal layer needs the quantity for the data line 20 laid in area 12, and then reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, realizes narrow
Frame improves screen accounting.
Fig. 8 is the partial structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Dotted line l is indicated in Fig. 8
The intersection of first plane and plane where underlay substrate in display panel.Fig. 9 is cut by display panel in Fig. 8 by the first plane
Cross-sectional view.Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, optionally, in display panel, the first bridge 22 is located in third metal layer M3；
It enables while meeting perpendicular to 10 place plane of underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction 100 of array structure, and by device setting area
The plane of 11 center O is the first plane；In the first non-display area 12,22 area Chong Die with the first plane of all first bridge
Upright projections of the domain 22a on the underlay substrate 10 region 21a Chong Die with the first plane with all first cablings portion 21 is in substrate
Upright projection on substrate 10 at least partly overlaps.Setting essence in this way is to ensure data line adjacent in same metal layer
Under the premise of signal cross-talk is smaller between 20, it can fully reduce the distance between data line 20 adjacent in same metal layer,
And then reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, it realizes narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
It should be noted that in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, positioned at the first bridge 22 of third metal layer M3 and positioned at the second metal
The first cabling portion 21 of layer M2 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the region 22a Chong Die with the first plane of each first bridge 22 is in substrate
Upright projection on the substrate 10 region 21a Chong Die with the first plane with corresponding first cabling portion 21 is on underlay substrate 10
Upright projection is completed to overlap, this is only the specific example of the application, rather than the limitation to the application.It optionally, can be with
The upright projection and one on underlay substrate 10 there is only the first bridge 22 region 22a Chong Die with the first plane is set
Perpendicular projections of the first cabling of item portion 21 region 21a Chong Die with the first plane on underlay substrate 10 overlaps, except this
Outside one bridge 22, any other one the first bridge 22 region 22a Chong Die with the first plane is on underlay substrate 10
Upright projections of the upright projection region 21a Chong Die with the first plane with each first cabling portion 21 on underlay substrate 10 does not weigh
It closes.
" part first bridges position 22 in third metal layer M3, the first bridge of part 22 in above-mentioned technical proposal
In the first metal layer M1 " concrete methods of realizing there are many, for convenience of description, enable the first bridge include the first sub- bridge
With the second sub- bridge, the first sub- bridge is located in the first metal layer, and the second sub- bridge is located in third metal layer；By
The data line of first non-display area includes the first data line, the second data line and third data line；First data line only includes the
One cabling portion, the second data line include the first cabling portion and the first sub- bridge simultaneously；Third data line is walked including first simultaneously
Line portion and the second sub- bridge.I.e. each first data line utilizes second metal layer to make shape by the part of the first non-display area
At each second data line makes to be formed by the part of the first non-display area using the first metal layer, each third data line warp
The part for crossing the first non-display area makes to be formed using third metal layer.
Further, all first data lines charge simultaneously, and all second data lines charge simultaneously, all third data lines
It charges simultaneously.It is charged simultaneously by the way that all first data lines are arranged, data-signal can be conveyed to avoid because of priority, convey data afterwards
The data-signal transmitted on first data line of signal causes the signal on the first data line of adjacent first conveying data-signal
Saltus step occurs, the bad phenomenon of signal cross-talk is caused to occur.Similarly, it is charged simultaneously by the way that all second data lines are arranged, it can
Data-signal is conveyed to avoid because of priority, the data-signal transmitted on rear the second data line for conveying data-signal causes adjacent
First saltus step occurs for the signal on the second data line of conveying data-signal, and the bad phenomenon of signal cross-talk is caused to occur.By setting
It sets all third data lines while charging, data-signal, the rear third data for conveying data-signal can be conveyed to avoid because of priority
The data-signal transmitted on line causes the signal on the third data line of adjacent first conveying data-signal that saltus step occurs, and causes letter
The bad phenomenon of number crosstalk occurs.
It enables while meeting perpendicular to 10 place plane of underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction of array structure, and pass through device
The plane at 11 center of setting area is the first plane；Figure 10 is another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane
The cross-sectional view cut.Referring to Figure 10, in the display panel, in the first non-display area 12, all first cablings portion
Upright projections of the 21 region 21as Chong Die with the first plane on underlay substrate 10 is the first projection, all first sub- bridge
Upright projections of the 221 region 221as Chong Die with the first plane on underlay substrate 10 is the second projection, all second son bridgings
Upright projections of the region 222a Chong Die with the first plane of portion 222 on underlay substrate 10 projects for third；It is non-display first
In area 12, any two in the first projection, the second projection and third projection is misaligned.Pass through the first projection of setting, second
Any two in projection and third projection is misaligned, can make arbitrary two data lines for being located at different metal layer just
It is 0 to area S, can makes in this way, the arbitrary two coupling capacitance C being located between the data line of different metal layer are 0, into
And reaches and inhibit to be located at the signal cross-talk phenomenon in different metal layer between data line.
The cross-sectional view that Figure 11 is cut by another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane.
It referring to Figure 11, enables while meeting perpendicular to 10 place plane of underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction of array structure, and pass through device
The plane at 11 center of setting area is the first plane；In the first non-display area 12, all first cablings portion 21 and the first plane weight
Upright projections of the folded region 21a on underlay substrate 10 is the first projection, all first sub- bridge 221 and the first plane weight
Upright projections of the folded region 221a on underlay substrate 10 is the second projection, all second sub- bridge 222 and the first plane
Upright projections of the region 222a of overlapping on underlay substrate 10 projects for third；In the first non-display area 12, the first projection,
At least two in second projection and third projection partially overlap.The benefit being arranged so is fully reduced in same metal layer
The distance between adjacent data line, and then reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, it realizes narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
Realize " in the first non-display area 12, at least two parts weight in the first projection, the second projection and third projection
There are many modes of conjunction ".Illustratively, Tu11Zhong, in the first non-display area 12, the first projection does not weigh completely with the second projection
It closes；First projection and third projection are completely misaligned；Second projection is at least partly overlapped with third projection.
In above-mentioned each technical solution, with the luminescent color for each pixel unit that same data line is connected can with it is identical can be with
It is different.From different data line be connected pixel unit luminescent color can with it is identical can be different.The application is not restricted this.
Illustratively, the luminous face for the pixel unit being connected with the data line is indicated in Figure 10 and Figure 11 using Y1, Y2, Y3
Color, wherein Y1, Y2, Y3 are differed.Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11, optionally, the hair for the pixel unit being connected with each first data line
Light color all same, the luminescent color all same for the pixel unit being connected with each second data line are connected with each third data line
Pixel unit luminescent color all same, and the luminescent color for the pixel unit being connected with the first data line, with the second data
It is both arbitrary in the connected luminescent color of pixel unit of line and the luminescent color for the pixel unit being connected with third data line
It is different.Illustratively, the luminescent color for the pixel unit being connected with each first data line is red, with each second data line
The luminescent color of connected pixel unit is blue, and the luminescent color for the pixel unit being connected with each third data line is green
Color.The benefit being arranged in this way is easy for realizing the driving of data line using demultplexer circuit (abbreviation Demux circuits).
Demux circuits include multiple data selection circuits, and in each data selection circuit, multiple data lines and a data-signal are defeated
Exit port is connected.The use of Demux circuits can reduce the number of data drive circuit under the premise of keeping higher resolution ratio
According to the quantity of signal output port, the cost of display panel is reduced.And it is easy to implement all first data lines using Demux circuits
It charges simultaneously, all second data lines charge simultaneously, and all third data lines charge simultaneously.
Further include optionally, in the display panel a plurality of touch-control cabling 50 (in Figure 10 and figure with continued reference to Figure 10 or Figure 11
It is indicated with T in 11, to be distinguished with data line).At least there is a touch-control cabling 50 and passes through the first non-display area 12；Each touch-control
Cabling 50 includes the second cabling portion 51, and the second cabling portion 51 is located in third metal layer M3；In the first non-display area 12, often
One second cabling portion 51 is located between adjacent two the second sub- bridge 222 of same layer.The essence being arranged in this way is setting second
Sub- bridge 222 and the second cabling portion 51 are located in same metal layer.The benefit being arranged in this way is can to further decrease display
The thickness of panel, and an etching technics is only needed in the production process, without to the second sub- bridge 222 and the second cabling portion
51 make mask plate respectively, save cost, reduce processing procedure quantity, improve production efficiency.
Optionally, in the display panel, in the first non-display area 12, first projection (i.e. all first cablings portion 21 and
Upright projections of the region 21a on underlay substrate 10 of first plane overlapping), second projection (i.e. all first sub- bridge 221
Upright projections of the region 221a Chong Die with the first plane on underlay substrate 10) and third projection (i.e. all second son bridgings
Upright projections of the region 222a Chong Die with the first plane of portion 222 on underlay substrate 10) in any two at least partly
It overlaps.It can further reduce in same metal layer in this way, the distance between adjacent data line, and then reduce the first non-display area
12 area realizes narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
Meet the display of condition " any two in the first projection, the second projection and third projection at least partly overlaps "
There are many design schemes of panel.Figure 12-14 is cut by three kinds of display panels provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane
Cross-sectional view.The display panel that Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 are provided is satisfied by above-mentioned " the first projection, the second projection and the
Any two in three projections at least partly overlaps " condition.
With continued reference to Figure 12, Figure 13 or Figure 14, optionally, in the first non-display area 12, hanging down on underlay substrate 10
Deliver directly the first cabling portion 21 data line corresponding with the region 21a that the first plane is overlapped, that shadow at least partly overlaps mutually
One sub- bridge 221 data line corresponding with the region 221a that the first plane is overlapped and the second sub- bridge 222 and first flat
The corresponding data lines of region 222a of face overlapping charge simultaneously.The benefit being arranged in this way is to avoid conveying data-signal because of priority,
Caused by projection with lap data line on signal cross-talk bad phenomenon occur, inhibit display it is irregular.
Further include a plurality of touch-control cabling in the display panel optionally with continued reference to Figure 12 or Figure 13；At least have one
Touch-control cabling 50 passes through the first non-display area 12；Each touch-control cabling 50 only includes the second cabling portion 51, the second cabling portion 51
In third metal layer M3；In the first non-display area 12, the region 51a Chong Die with the first plane of all second cablings portion 51
Upright projection on underlay substrate 10 is the 4th projection；In the first non-display area 12, the 4th projection and the first projection and the
At least one of three projections at least partly overlap.The essence being arranged in this way is the second sub- bridge 222 of setting and the second cabling
Portion 51 is located in same metal layer, to reduce the thickness of display panel, and only needs an etching technics, nothing in the production process
Mask plate need to be made respectively to the second sub- bridge 222 and the second cabling portion 51, save cost, reduce processing procedure quantity, carry
High production efficiency.In addition, at least partly heavy by the 4th projection of setting and at least one of the first projection and third projection
It closes, is conducive in the first non-display area 12, by each data line and touch-control cabling mean allocation as much as possible in three metal layers
In, and make in third metal layer M3, the distance between two article of second sub- bridge 222 being disposed adjacent, the be disposed adjacent
The distance between two sub- bridge 222 and the second cabling portion 51, the distance between two second cabling portions 51 being disposed adjacent are closed
Under the premise of suitable, reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, realize narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
Figure 15 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram that data line is laid in Figure 14.With continued reference to Figure 14 and Figure 15, optionally, this is aobvious
Show in panel, further includes a plurality of touch-control cabling 50；At least there is a touch-control cabling 50 and passes through the first non-display area 12；Each touch-control
Cabling 50 includes the second cabling portion 51；It is touched including the first touch-control cabling, second by the touch-control cabling of the first non-display area 12
Control cabling and third touch-control cabling；First touch-control cabling only includes the second cabling portion 51, and the second touch-control cabling includes second simultaneously
Cabling portion 51 and the sub- bridge of third 52；Third touch-control cabling includes the second cabling portion 52 and the 4th sub- bridge 53 simultaneously；The
The upright projection of three sub- bridge 52 and the 4th sub- bridge 53 on underlay substrate 10 is respectively positioned in the first non-display area 12；The
Two cabling portions 51 are located in third metal layer M3, and the sub- bridge 52 of third is located in the first metal layer M1, the 4th sub- bridge 53
In second metal layer M2；In the first non-display area 12, the region 51a Chong Die with the first plane of all second cablings portion 51
Upright projection on underlay substrate 10 is the 4th projection, all sub- bridge 52 of third region 52a Chong Die with the first plane
Upright projection on underlay substrate 10 is the 5th projection, all 4th sub- bridge 53 region 53a Chong Die with the first plane
Upright projection on underlay substrate 10 is the 6th projection；At least two in 4th projection, the 5th projection and the 6th projection
Divide and overlap, and is misaligned with the first projection, the second projection and third projection.Setting is equally beneficial for non-display first in this way
In area 12, by each data line and touch-control cabling mean allocation as much as possible in three metal layers, and make in each metal layer, phase
The suitable premise of the distance between the distance between two data lines of neighbour's setting, the data line being disposed adjacent and touch-control cabling
Under, reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, realize narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
The cross-sectional view that Figure 16 is cut by another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention by the first plane.
Referring to Figure 16, which further includes a plurality of touch-control cabling 50；It is non-display by first at least to there is a touch-control cabling 50
Area 12；Each touch-control cabling 50 includes the second cabling portion 51, and the second cabling portion 51 is located in third metal layer M3 and (does not show in Figure 16
Go out)；Each touch-control cabling 50 by the first non-display area 12 further includes the second bridge 54；Second bridge 54 is in underlay substrate
Upright projection on 10 is located in the first non-display area 12；Second bridge 54 is located in second metal layer M2；All second across
Upright projections of the region 54a Chong Die with the first plane of socket part 54 on underlay substrate 10 is the 7th projection；It is non-display first
In area 12, (all first sub- bridge 221 region 221a Chong Die with the first plane is in substrate base with the second projection for the 7th projection
Upright projection on plate 10) and third projection (all second sub- bridge 222 region 222a Chong Die with the first plane is in substrate
Upright projection on substrate 10) at least one of at least partly overlap.Setting is equally beneficial in the first non-display area in this way
In 12, by each data line and touch-control cabling mean allocation as much as possible in three metal layers, and make in each metal layer, it is adjacent
Under the premise of the distance between the distance between two data lines being arranged, the data line being disposed adjacent and touch-control cabling are suitable,
Reduce the area of the first non-display area 12, realize narrow frame, improves screen accounting.
Further, the luminous face for the pixel unit being connected with the data line is indicated in Figure 12-Figure 16 using Y1, Y2, Y3
Color, wherein Y1, Y2, Y3 are differed.Referring to Figure 12-Figure 16, with along perpendicular to 10 direction of underlay substrate, and in underlay substrate 10
The generally circuit group that upper multiple data lines of the projection with overlapping relation are constituted, it is optionally, and each in same circuit group
The luminescent color all same of the connected pixel unit of data line, with each data line is connected in adjacent circuit group pixel unit
Luminescent color is different.The benefit being arranged in this way is easy for realizing the driving of data line using Demux circuits.On this basis, may be used
Selection of land, each data line charges simultaneously in same circuit group.
Figure 17 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of Demux circuits provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Referring to Figure 17, the display panel
Including Demux circuits, which includes the m data selection circuit positioned at the second non-display area (being not shown in Figure 17)
60 and the 1st timing signal lines of timing signal line CK1~n-th CKn (illustratively, m=2 in Figure 17, n=3).Data selection electricity
Road 60 includes at least one data signal output mouth 61, n data select switch 62；Data select switch 62 and data line 20
It is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence；In same data line selection circuit 60, the input terminal of each data select switch 62 and corresponding data-signal
Output port 61 is electrically connected, and the output end of each data select switch 62 is electrically connected with corresponding data line 20, the i-th timing signal line
CKi is electrically connected with the control terminal of i-th of data select switch 62 of each data selection circuit, and the i-th timing signal line is for controlling
I-th of data select switch, 62 on or off of each data selection circuit 61 is made, so that in i-th of data select switch 62
The data line 20 being connected with each i-th of data select switch 62 when conducting charges simultaneously；I, m, n are positive integer, and 1≤i≤
N, 2≤m, m × n are less than or equal to the total number of data line 20 in display panel.Data signal output mouth 61 refers to that data are driven
Data signal output mouth in dynamic circuit.Setting is only by controlling the 1st timing signal lines of timing signal line CK1~n-th in this way
The upper clock signal input conditions of CKn, so that it may to realize multiple data lines while charge, for the signal for reducing between adjacent data line
Crosstalk provides possibility.
Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the luminescent color of multiple pixel units includes n kind colors；With it is same
The luminescent color of the connected each pixel unit of one data line 20 is identical；N is the positive integer more than or equal to 3.
On the basis of above-mentioned each technical solution, optionally, each scan line 30 is located at the first metal layer M1.It is arranged in this way
Essence is, if at least partly the first bridge 22 of data line 20 is set in the first metal layer M1, the part first bridging
Portion 22 makes with 30 same layer of scan line, and then reaches the thickness for reducing display panel, and only need to once carve in the production process
Etching technique saves cost, reduces processing procedure quantity without making mask plate respectively with scan line 30 to the first bridge 22,
Improve production efficiency.
Further, in actual setting, optionally, setting scan line 30 is without the first non-display area 12；Or
When first bridge 22 is respectively positioned on third metal layer M3, scan line 30 passes through the first non-display area 12, and non-display by first
The part in area 12 is arranged around device setting area 11.
Based on identical inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of display device.Figure 18 is the embodiment of the present invention
A kind of structural schematic diagram of the display device provided.Referring to Figure 18, which includes provided in an embodiment of the present invention
It anticipates a kind of display panel 400, which can be mobile phone, tablet computer and intelligent wearable device etc..
Since display device 300 provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes any one display surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Plate 400, the display device 300 have the advantageous effect corresponding to the display panel 400 that it is included, and which is not described herein again.
Note that above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The present invention is not limited to specific embodiments described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation,
It readjusts, be combined with each other and substitutes without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by above example to this
Invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to above example, is not departing from present inventive concept
In the case of, can also include other more equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is determined by scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of display panel, which is characterized in that including：
Underlay substrate, the underlay substrate include device setting area, the first non-display area, viewing area and the second non-display area,
First non-display area surrounds the device setting area, and the viewing area surrounds first non-display area, and described second is non-
Viewing area surrounds the viewing area；
Multiple data lines, multi-strip scanning line and the multiple pixel units being formed on the underlay substrate, multiple pixel lists
Member is arranged in array structure；In the viewing area, the data line extends along the column direction of the array structure, the scanning
Line extends along the line direction of the array structure；Each pixel unit and the corresponding data line and corresponding
The scan line is electrically connected；
The first metal layer, second metal layer and the third metal layer being formed on the underlay substrate, the first metal layer position
Between the underlay substrate and the second metal layer, the second metal layer is located at the first metal layer and the third
Between metal layer；
Each data line includes the first cabling portion, and first cabling portion is located in the second metal layer；By described
First cabling portion of the part data line of first non-display area is arranged around the device setting area；By described
The part data line of one non-display area further includes the first bridge, and first bridge is located at first non-display area
It is interior and around the device setting area be arranged；First cabling portion of the data line including first bridge with it is right
First bridge electrical connection answered；
Each first bridge is respectively positioned in the third metal layer；Alternatively, each first bridge is respectively positioned on described
In one metal layer；Alternatively, part first bridge is located in the third metal layer, part first bridge is located at
In the first metal layer.
2. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first metal layer and the second metal layer it
Between minimum range be less than minimum range between the second metal layer and the third metal layer；
Each first bridge is respectively positioned in the third metal layer.
3. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First bridge is located in the third metal layer；
In first non-display area, upright projection of all first bridge on the underlay substrate and all institutes
It is misaligned to state upright projection of the first cabling portion on the underlay substrate.
4. display panel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
It is directed toward the viewing area along device setting district center, and is parallel on the line direction of the array structure, described
In first non-display area, data line described in odd number includes first bridge and first cabling portion, even number
The data line only includes first cabling portion；Or
It is directed toward the viewing area along device setting district center, and is parallel on the line direction of the array structure, described
In first non-display area, data line described in even number includes first bridge and first cabling portion, odd number
The data line only includes first cabling portion.
5. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First bridge is located in the third metal layer；
It enables while meeting perpendicular to plane where the underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction of the array structure, and pass through institute
The plane for stating device setting district center is the first plane；
In first non-display area, all first bridge region Chong Die with first plane is in the substrate
Upright projection on the substrate region Chong Die with first plane with all first cabling portions is on the underlay substrate
Upright projection at least partly overlap.
6. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First bridge includes the first sub- bridge and the second sub- bridge, and the first sub- bridge is located at described first
In metal layer, the second sub- bridge is located in the third metal layer；
The data line by first non-display area includes the first data line, the second data line and third data line；Institute
It includes first cabling portion to state the first data line only, and second data line is simultaneously including first cabling portion and described the
One sub- bridge；The third data line includes first cabling portion and the second sub- bridge simultaneously.
7. display panel according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
All first data lines charge simultaneously, and all second data lines charge simultaneously, all third data lines
It charges simultaneously.
8. display panel according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
It enables while meeting perpendicular to plane where the underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction of the array structure, and pass through institute
The plane for stating device setting district center is the first plane；
In first non-display area, all first cabling portions region Chong Die with first plane is in the substrate
Upright projection on substrate is the first projection, and all first sub- bridge region Chong Die with first plane is described
Upright projection on underlay substrate is the second projection, and all second sub- bridge region Chong Die with first plane exists
Upright projection on the underlay substrate projects for third；
In first non-display area, any two in first projection, second projection and third projection
It is misaligned.
9. display panel according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
It enables while meeting perpendicular to plane where the underlay substrate, be parallel to the line direction of the array structure, and pass through institute
The plane for stating device setting district center is the first plane；
In first non-display area, all first cabling portions region Chong Die with first plane is in the substrate
Upright projection on substrate is the first projection, and all first sub- bridge region Chong Die with first plane is described
Upright projection on underlay substrate is the second projection, and all second sub- bridge region Chong Die with first plane exists
Upright projection on the underlay substrate projects for third；
In first non-display area, at least two in first projection, second projection and third projection
It partially overlaps.
10. display panel according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
In first non-display area, first projection and second projection are completely misaligned；It is described first projection with
The third projection is completely misaligned；Second projection is at least partly overlapped with third projection.
11. the display panel according to claim 8 or 10, which is characterized in that further include a plurality of touch-control cabling；
At least there is a touch-control cabling and passes through first non-display area；
Each touch-control cabling includes the second cabling portion, and second cabling portion is located in the third metal layer；
In first non-display area, each second cabling portion is located at adjacent two second sub- bridge of same layer
Between.
12. display panel according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
In first non-display area, any two in first projection, second projection and third projection
At least partly overlap.
13. display panel according to claim 12, which is characterized in that
In first non-display area, upright projection on the underlay substrate at least partly overlap mutually described the
One cabling portion data line corresponding with the region that first plane is overlapped, the first sub- bridge and the first plane weight
The corresponding data line in folded region and second sub- bridge data line corresponding with the region that first plane is overlapped
It charges simultaneously.
14. display panel according to claim 12, which is characterized in that further include a plurality of touch-control cabling；At least have one
Touch-control cabling described in item passes through first non-display area；
Each touch-control cabling only includes the second cabling portion, and second cabling portion is located in the third metal layer；
In first non-display area, all second cabling portions region Chong Die with first plane is in the substrate
Upright projection on substrate is the 4th projection；
In first non-display area, the 4th projection and at least one of first projection and third projection
At least partly overlap.
15. display panel according to claim 12, which is characterized in that further include a plurality of touch-control cabling；At least have one
Touch-control cabling described in item passes through first non-display area；
Each touch-control cabling includes the second cabling portion；
The touch-control cabling by first non-display area includes the first touch-control cabling, the second touch-control cabling and third touch-control
Cabling；The first touch-control cabling only includes second cabling portion, and the second touch-control cabling is walked including described second simultaneously
Line portion and the sub- bridge of third；The third touch-control cabling includes second cabling portion and the 4th sub- bridge simultaneously；It is described
It is non-display that the upright projection of the sub- bridge of third and the 4th sub- bridge on the underlay substrate is respectively positioned on described first
In area；
Second cabling portion is located in the third metal layer, and the sub- bridge of third is located in the first metal layer,
The 4th sub- bridge is located in the second metal layer；
In first non-display area, all second cabling portions region Chong Die with first plane is in the substrate
Upright projection on substrate is the 4th projection, and all sub- bridge of third region Chong Die with first plane is described
Upright projection on underlay substrate is the 5th projection, and all 4th sub- bridge region Chong Die with first plane exists
Upright projection on the underlay substrate is the 6th projection；
At least two partially overlapping in the 4th projection, the 5th projection and the 6th projection, and with described first
Projection, second projection and third projection are misaligned.
16. display panel according to claim 12, which is characterized in that further include a plurality of touch-control cabling；At least have one
Touch-control cabling described in item passes through first non-display area；
Each touch-control cabling includes the second cabling portion, and second cabling portion is located in the third metal layer；By institute
Each touch-control cabling for stating the first non-display area further includes the second bridge；Second bridge is on the underlay substrate
Upright projection be located in first non-display area；Second bridge is located in the second metal layer；
Upright projection of all second bridge region Chong Die with first plane on the underlay substrate is the
Seven projections；
In first non-display area, the 7th projection and at least one of second projection and third projection
At least partly overlap.
17. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include m positioned at second non-display area
The timing signal line of data selection circuit and the 1st timing signal line~n-th；
The data selection circuit includes at least one data signal output mouth, n data select switch；The data selection
Switch is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the data line；In the same data line selection circuit, each data select switch it is defeated
Enter end and corresponding data signal output mouth electrical connection, the output end of each data select switch with it is corresponding described
Data line is electrically connected, the control of the i-th timing signal line and i-th of data select switch of each data selection circuit
End electrical connection, i-th timing signal line are used to control i-th of data select switch of each data selection circuit
On or off so that in described i-th data select switch conducting with each i-th of data select switch
The connected data line charges simultaneously；
I, m, n are positive integer, and 1≤i≤n, 2≤m, m × n are less than or equal to the total of data line described in the display panel
Item number.
18. display panel according to claim 17, which is characterized in that
The luminescent color of multiple pixel units includes n kind colors；Each pixel list being connected with the same data line
The luminescent color of member is identical；
N is the positive integer more than or equal to 3.
19. display panel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Each scan line is located at the first metal layer.
20. a kind of display device, which is characterized in that including the display panel described in any one of claim 1-19.
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| CN201810713555.9A CN108806513B (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | Display panel and display device |
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