CN108800085A - A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet - Google Patents
A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN108800085A CN108800085A CN201810861451.2A CN201810861451A CN108800085A CN 108800085 A CN108800085 A CN 108800085A CN 201810861451 A CN201810861451 A CN 201810861451A CN 108800085 A CN108800085 A CN 108800085A
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- heat exchange
- tube
- header
- outer tube
- shell
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of waste heat boiler, especially a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet belongs to chemical plant installations technical field.A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, including shell and multiple tube bundle assemblies for being assemblied in shell；Upper end is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet under shell；Tube bundle assembly includes bushing type header, and bushing type header is connected with several beam heat exchange tube units；Bushing type header includes the outer header for being assemblied in shell epimere and the interior header being set in outer header, and interior header is equipped with inlet, which is pierced by after being pierced by outer header from shell；Outer header is equipped with out vapour-liquid mouth, this goes out vapour-liquid mouth and is pierced by from shell；Heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube and the inner sleeve that is inserted in outer tube；Inner sleeve upper end is connected after penetrating outer header with interior header, and outer sleeve upper is connected with outer header.The present invention does not use tube sheet, equipment to be easy to enlargement, reduce the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste heat boiler, especially a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet belongs to chemical plant installations technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Waste heat boiler is the core equipment of chemical plant installations, is generally used in exothermic reactor or after exothermic reactor, right
Reaction gas is quickly cooled down；Or using in the heat recovery of high-temperature gas.Some high-temperature gases or reaction gas（Hereinafter referred to as
For process gas）Temperature is high, keeps the use condition of waste heat boiler harsher, especially relatively high to process gas pressure and temperature compares
High waste heat boiler, due to thermally expanding the stress problem of generation between shell journey, traditional tubular waste heat boiler hardly may be used
With.
In order to solve the problems, such as this, use the waste heat boiler of other structures form in the prior art, as under process gas into upper
The sword bayonet type waste heat boiler gone out（It is vertical）, including shell, 1 tube sheet, top saturated water and steam Double pipe box, sleeve-type heat exchanging pipe
（The heat exchanger tube includes casing outer tube and the casing inner tube being set in casing outer tube）, sleeve-type heat exchanging pipe upper end is by tube sheet
（Upper perforated plate）Support, lower end retractable, casing inner tube are saturated water down-comer, and casing outer tube is steam tedge；Casing
The saturated water that annular space circulates between inner tube and casing outer tube is realized with process gas and is exchanged heat.（Structure type can be found in Chinese practical new
The attached drawing 2 or 3 of type patent 201020145549.7）.Caused by sword bayonet type waste heat boiler has well solved the thermal expansion of shell journey
Stress problem, but still have its limitation, the useless cookware of sword bayonet type has upper perforated plate, enlargement to be restricted.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：In view of the above problems, a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet, this hair are provided
It is bright not use tube sheet, but support of the bushing type header as heat exchange tube unit is used, equipment is easy to enlargement, bushing type collection
For case for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduces the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet, including shell and multiple tube bundle assemblies for being assemblied in shell；The shell lower end is set
There are air inlet, shell upper end to be equipped with gas outlet, tube bundle assembly is between air inlet and gas outlet；The tube bundle assembly includes dress
Bushing type header assigned in shell epimere, bushing type header are connected with several beam heat exchange tube units extended downwardly；Described sleeve pipe
Formula header includes the outer header for being assemblied in shell epimere and the interior header being set in outer header, and the interior header is equipped with feed liquor
Mouthful, which is pierced by after being pierced by outer header from shell；The outer header is equipped with out vapour-liquid mouth, this goes out vapour-liquid mouth and is worn from shell
Go out；The heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube and the inner sleeve that is inserted in outer tube, and the outer tube lower end is cecum, inner sleeve
Pipe lower end is inserted into outer tube lower end and is connected with outer tube；Inner sleeve upper end is connected after penetrating outer header with interior header,
Outer sleeve upper is connected with outer header.
When using the present invention, high-temperature technology gas enters from air inlet in shell, during process gas rises in shell
Heat exchange is carried out with the saturation boiler water of tube bundle assembly circulation, process gas temperature flows out after reducing from gas outlet.Meanwhile for pipe
For tread assembly, saturation boiler water is diverted into the every inner sleeve being connected with the interior header after inlet enters interior header
It is interior, to lower flowing in inner sleeve, turn back upwards after then flowing into outer tube lower end from inner sleeve lower end, then along outer tube with
Annular space between inner sleeve flows up into outer header（In the process, the process gas outside saturation boiler water and outer tube is simultaneously
Stream exchanges heat and is vaporized）, the gas-vapor mix that is formed after heat exchange flows through the annular space between outer header and interior header from going out vapour-liquid mouth
Outflow.The present invention does not use tube sheet, but uses support of the bushing type header as heat exchange tube unit, and equipment is easy to large-scale
Change, for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduces the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, economy
It is good.Have benefited from the design of tube bundle assembly of the present invention, additionally it is possible to reduce gas-phase space stringing dead zone, be changed to increase unit volume
Hot area, improves heat exchange efficiency.
The heat exchange area in waste heat boiler unit volume in order to increase the present invention, improves heat exchange efficiency；The present invention is into one
Step proposes following two selectable technical solutions.
The first scheme：A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, the heat exchange tube unit further include several and change
Hot leg pipe, the heat exchange branch pipe are located on the outside of outer tube, are distributed along outer tube axis, the upper and lower side of the branch pipe that exchanges heat respectively with housing
The upper and lower side of pipe is connected.That is heat exchange branch pipe upper end is connected with outer sleeve upper, and exchange heat branch pipe lower end and outer tube lower end phase
Connection.Heat exchange branch pipe forms parallel structure with outer tube, and by the design for the branch pipe that exchanges heat, saturation boiler water is under inner sleeve
End, which flows into behind outer tube lower end the when of turning back upwards, will generate shunting, a portion be saturated boiler water along outer tube and inner sleeve it
Between annular space flow up；And another part saturation boiler water flows up in heat exchange branch pipe, two-part saturation boiler water
Enter outer header after the upper end of outer tube crosses.The design of heat exchange branch pipe has shunted saturation boiler water, the diameter energy of outer tube
It is enough reduced, the design can increase the heat exchange area in unit volume, improve heat exchange efficiency.
Second scheme：A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, the heat exchange tube unit further include pipe of reallocating
Mechanism, reallocation pipe mechanism include the multigroup heat exchange branch pipe for being located on the outside of outer tube, being sequentially distributed along outer tube axis, often
Group heat exchange branch pipe has several, and the upper and lower side of each group heat exchange branch pipe is connected with outer tube successively respectively, wherein is located at bottom
That group heat exchange branch pipe lower end be connected with outer tube lower end, be located at the top that group heat exchange branch pipe upper end and outer tube
Upper end is connected.Heat exchange branch pipe forms series-parallel structure with outer tube, and second scheme has adhered to the excellent of the first scheme
Point, and the reallocation pipe mechanism that second scheme is formed, saturation boiler water form shunting-confluence-shunting-remittance from bottom to up
The liquid form of stream-shunting-confluence ..., can further improve heat exchange efficiency.
As the further design of second scheme, every group of heat exchange branch pipe is located at the heat exchange of inner ring in inside and outside two circles distribution
The spacing for being smaller than heat exchange branch pipe and outer tube positioned at outer ring of branch pipe and outer tube.Optimize the layout side of heat exchange branch pipe
Formula can further improve heat exchange efficiency.
As the further design of the first scheme or second scheme, the heat exchange tube unit further includes multiple extended surface members
Part, the extended surface element are set to outer tube or/and heat exchange branch pipe outer wall.Heat exchange area can be further increased, heat exchange effect is improved
Rate.Preferably, outer tube and heat exchange branch pipe outer wall are designed with extended surface element.
Further, the extended surface element from top to bottom reduces successively in the distribution density of heat exchange tube unit.Due to technique
Heat exchange occurs with tube bundle assembly during gas rises in shell from bottom to up, temperature gradually reduces from bottom to up；For
The calorific intensity for making heat exchange tube unit be born becomes as far as possible uniformly, to extend the service life of waste heat boiler, therefore to propose
The layout designs.Extended surface element is in heat exchange tube unit（In outer tube or/and heat exchange branch pipe outer wall）Distribution density by up to
Under reduce successively, realize the heat exchange area of heat exchange tube unit from top to bottom reduces successively, this allows for heat exchange tube unit and is held
The calorific intensity received can become as far as possible uniformly, and waste heat boiler is more steady in the process of running, and the service life is longer.
Further, the heat exchange tube unit epimere is high density extended surface area, stage casing is low-density extended surface area, hypomere is light
The extended surface element distribution density in area under control, the setting of high density extended surface area is close more than the extended surface element distribution of low-density extended surface area setting
Degree, light pipe area is not provided with extended surface element.The design is the optional design of extended surface element being specifically laid out, and the design to exchange heat
Pipe unit forms 3 heat exchange areas；Similarly, the design based on the design may be designed in 2,4 or more heat exchange
Region.
A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, the cecum of each outer tube are connected to form whole knot by connecting plate
Structure.Make each beam heat exchange tube unit（The cecum of each outer tube lower end in other words）Lower end is connected to form whole knot by connecting plate
Structure can reduce the vibrations of heat exchange tube unit, improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
The cecum bottom of a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, each outer tube is equipped with baffler.If no
The design of baffler, the cecum of outer tube will directly bear to come from air inlet high-temperature technology gas so that the temperature of the cecum of outer tube
Degree is long-term to keep the condition of high temperature；And having benefited from the design of baffler, high-temperature technology gas, which is changed after entering by baffler, to be flowed to, technique
Gas is flowed up from the cecum of outer tube laterally along outer tube outside；The heat born this reduces the cecum of outer tube is strong
Degree, to improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
A kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present invention, the inner walls are equipped with shell inside liner.Shell inside liner is used as can
The design of selection, according to actual use demand（Process gas temperature）And it is laid with.Alternative, shell inside liner is divided into two layers, tightly
That layer for pasting inner walls is first shell inside liner, another layer is second shell inside liner, wherein first shell inside liner is heat-insulated
Layer, second shell inside liner are refractory layer.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, the waste heat boiler of a kind of no tube sheet of the invention, uses the design of no tube sheet, but uses bushing type header work
For the support of heat exchange tube unit, equipment is easy to enlargement, and for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low,
Reduce the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance.
2, exchange heat the design of branch pipe in the first scheme, realizes the liquid form of saturation boiler moisture stream-confluence；Second
The design of reallocation pipe mechanism is changed in scheme, realizes saturation boiler moisture stream-confluence-shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence ...
Liquid form；The heat exchange area in unit volume is increased, heat exchange efficiency is improved.
3, the design of extended surface element increases heat exchange area, improves heat exchange efficiency.Point of the extended surface element in heat exchange tube unit
The design that cloth density from top to bottom reduces successively enables to the calorific intensity that heat exchange tube unit is born that can become as far as possible
Uniformly so that waste heat boiler is more steady in the process of running, and the service life is longer.
4, the design of connecting plate can reduce the vibrations of heat exchange tube unit, improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
5, the design of baffler can reduce the calorific intensity that the cecum of outer tube is born, to improve waste heat boiler
Service life.
Description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is layout of the tube bundle assembly in shell in embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of tube bundle assembly in embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment one;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment two;
Fig. 6 is layout of the tube bundle assembly in shell in embodiment two;
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of tube bundle assembly in embodiment two;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment two;
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment three;
Figure 10 is enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is layout of the tube bundle assembly in shell in embodiment three;
Figure 12 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of tube bundle assembly in embodiment three;
Figure 13 is enlarged drawing at B in Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the vertical view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment three.
It is marked in figure：1- low heads, 11- air inlets, 2- cylinders, 21- manholes, 22- bearings, 23- damping shock absorptions part, on 3-
End socket, the gas outlets 31-, 4- shells inside liner, 41- first shells inside liner, 42- second shells inside liner, 5- tube bundle assemblies, 511- feed liquors
Header, 513- inner sleeves, 521- go out the outer header of vapour-liquid mouth, 522-, 523- outer tubes, 524- heat exchange branch pipe, 53- in mouth, 512-
Channel closure, 54- connecting plates, 55- bafflers, 56- extended surface elements.
Specific implementation mode
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification unless specifically stated can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other
Alternative features are replaced.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
?.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the waste heat boiler of a kind of no tube sheet of the present embodiment, including shell and arrangement are assemblied in shell
Multiple tube bundle assemblies 5；The shell lower end be equipped with air inlet 11, shell upper end be equipped with gas outlet 31, tube bundle assembly 5 be located at into
Between gas port 11 and gas outlet 31；The tube bundle assembly 5 includes the bushing type header for being assemblied in shell epimere, and bushing type header connects
It is connected to several beam heat exchange tube units extended downwardly；Described sleeve pipe formula header includes being assemblied in 522 He of outer header of shell epimere
The interior header 512 being set in outer header 522, the interior header 512 are equipped with inlet 511, which is pierced by outer collection
It is pierced by from shell after case 522；The outer header 522 is equipped with out vapour-liquid mouth 521, this goes out vapour-liquid mouth 521 and is pierced by from shell；It is described
Heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube 523 and the inner sleeve 513 that is inserted in outer tube 523, and 523 lower end of the outer tube is blind
End, 513 lower end of inner sleeve is inserted into 523 lower end of outer tube and is connected with outer tube 523；513 upper end of inner sleeve penetrates Wai Ji
It is connected with interior header 511 after case 522,523 upper end of outer tube is connected with outer header 522.
When using the present invention, high-temperature technology gas enters from air inlet 11 in shell, the process that process gas rises in shell
In with tube bundle assembly 5 circulate saturation boiler water carry out heat exchange, process gas temperature reduce after from gas outlet 31 flow out.Meanwhile
For tube bundle assembly 5, relevant device is come from（Such as drum）Saturation boiler water enter interior header 512 from inlet 511
Afterwards, it is diverted into the inner sleeve 513 that every is connected with the interior header 512, flows downward in inner sleeve 513, then from interior
513 lower end of casing is turned back upwards after flowing into outer tube 523 lower end, then the annular space between outer tube 523 and inner sleeve 513 to
On flow into outer header 522（In the process, saturation boiler water is with the process gas cocurrent heat exchange outside outer tube 523 and by vapour
Change）, the gas-vapor mix that is formed after heat exchange flows through the annular space between outer header 522 and interior header 512 and flowed out from vapour-liquid mouth 521 is gone out
To relevant device（Such as drum）Carry out steam-water separation.The present invention does not use tube sheet, but uses the conduct of bushing type header and change
The support of heat pipe unit, equipment are easy to enlargement, and for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class of material requires low, reduction
The manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance.Have benefited from the design of tube bundle assembly of the present invention, additionally it is possible to reduce gas-phase space cloth
Pipe dead zone improves heat exchange efficiency to increase heat exchange area per unit volume.
Alternative, 523 lower end of the outer tube forms the cecum equipped with channel closure 53.It is alternative, such as Fig. 2
It is shown, be located at multiple tube bundle assemblies 5 in shell equally and row pattern be distributed, and be adapted with shell, each tube bank group
The length of the bushing type header of part 5 is not quite similar, the quantity of the heat exchange tube unit that each bushing type header is connected also phase not to the utmost
Together；It can certainly be equidistant circular distribution.It is alternative, as shown in Figure 1, the shell includes cylinder 2 and sets
In the upper cover 3 and low head 1 of 2 upper and lower ends of cylinder, the air inlet 11 is set to low head 1（Certainly it can also be set under cylinder 2
Section）, gas outlet 31 is set to upper cover 3（Certainly 2 epimere of cylinder can be also set to）, bushing type header is located at 2 epimere of cylinder, heat exchanger tube
Unit extends to 2 hypomere of cylinder.Preferably, inlet 511 is pierced by with vapour-liquid mouth 521 is gone out from 2 epimere of cylinder；Certainly, feed liquor
Mouth 511 can also be pierced by with vapour-liquid mouth 521 is gone out from upper cover 3.Alternative, epimere and the hypomere of shell are respectively equipped with manhole
21；Preferably, manhole 21 has 2, one of manhole 21 is set to 2 epimere of cylinder（Upper cover 3 can certainly be set to）, position
Above tube bundle assembly 5, another manhole 21 is set to 2 hypomere of cylinder（Low head 1 can certainly be set to）, be located at tube bundle assembly
5 lower sections.Alternative, outer header 522 is assemblied in by bearing 22 in inner walls（Preferably, it is assemblied in 2 inner wall of cylinder
On）；Preferably, outer header 522 and bearing 22 and between be equipped with damping shock absorption part 23；To buffer tube bundle assembly in operational process
5 vibrations, as shown in Figure 1（Partial enlarged view is referring to Figure 10）.It is used as process gas it will be evident that having between each tube bundle assembly 5
The gap of circulation also has the gap circulated as process gas between each heat exchange unit；It will be evident that outer header 522 not with shell
Internal cavity connection, interior header 512 are not also connected to directly with outer header 522, and interior header 512 is to pass through with outer header 522
Heat exchange unit is connected.
The heat exchange area in waste heat boiler unit volume in order to increase the present invention, improves heat exchange efficiency；Embodiment one carries
The first scheme is gone out.
The first scheme：Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the heat exchange tube unit is also
Including several heat exchange branch pipes 524, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 is located at 523 outside of outer tube, is distributed along 523 axis of outer tube, changes
The upper and lower side of hot leg pipe 524 is connected with the upper and lower side of outer tube 523 respectively.I.e. on heat exchange 524 upper end of branch pipe and outer tube 523
End is connected, and heat exchange 524 lower end of branch pipe is connected with 523 lower end of outer tube.Heat exchange branch pipe 524 forms simultaneously with outer tube 523
Connection formula structure, by the design for the branch pipe 524 that exchanges heat, saturation boiler water is backward from 513 lower end of inner sleeve, 523 lower end of inflow outer tube
Shunting will be generated when upper fold-back, a portion is saturated annular space of the boiler water between outer tube 523 and inner sleeve 513 to upstream
It is dynamic；And another part saturation boiler water flows up in heat exchange branch pipe 524, two-part saturation boiler water is in outer tube 523
Upper end cross after enter outer header 522.The design of heat exchange branch pipe 524 has shunted saturation boiler water, the diameter energy of outer tube 523
It is enough reduced, for sword bayonet type waste heat boiler, the stringing of unit volume can be more, and the design can increase unit
Heat exchange area in volume improves heat exchange efficiency.Certainly, 524 upper end of heat exchange branch pipe can not also be connected with 523 upper end of outer tube
It is logical, but 524 upper end of branch pipe that exchanges heat directly is connected with outer header 522, but this adds increased manufacture difficulty, and non-optimal side
Case.
Further, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the heat exchange tube unit further includes multiple extended surface elements 56, the extended surface member
Part 56 is set to outer tube 523 or/and heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe.Heat exchange area can be further increased, heat exchange efficiency is improved.Make
To be preferred, outer tube 523 and heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe are designed with extended surface element 56；Can certainly be, only outer tube 523 or
524 outer wall of the branch pipe setting extended surface that exchanges heat element 56.Alternative, the extended surface element 56 is fin or ailhead；Preferably, rib
Piece is in odontoid or rectangular-shaped, and ailhead is in rounded shape, elliptical shape or diamond shaped.In a wherein embodiment, outside outer tube 523
The extended surface element 56 of wall setting is ailhead, and the extended surface element 56 of heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe setting is fin.
Further, the extended surface element 56 from top to bottom reduces successively in the distribution density of heat exchange tube unit.Due to work
Heat exchange occurs with tube bundle assembly during skill gas rises in shell from bottom to up, temperature gradually reduces from bottom to up；
In order to make the calorific intensity that heat exchange tube unit is born become as far as possible uniformly, to extend the service life of waste heat boiler, therefore to carry
The layout designs are gone out.Extended surface element 56 is in heat exchange tube unit（In outer tube 523 or/and heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe）Distribution
Density from top to bottom reduces successively, realizes the heat exchange area of heat exchange tube unit and from top to bottom reduces successively, this allows for exchanging heat
The calorific intensity that pipe unit is born can become as far as possible uniformly, and waste heat boiler is more steady in the process of running, uses the longevity
It orders longer.
Further, as shown in figure 3, the heat exchange tube unit epimere is high density extended surface area, stage casing is low-density extended surface
Area, hypomere are light pipe area, and 56 distribution density of extended surface element of high density extended surface area setting is more than the expansion of low-density extended surface area setting
56 distribution density of face element part, light pipe area are not provided with extended surface element 56.The design is that being specifically laid out for extended surface element 56 is optional
Design, the design make heat exchange tube unit form 3 heat exchange areas；Similarly, the design based on the design, may be designed in
2,4 or more heat exchange areas.Preferably, the height in high density extended surface area is more than the height in low-density extended surface area,
The height in low-density extended surface area is more than the height in light pipe area.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in figures 1 and 3, the cecum of each outer tube 523 pass through connection
Plate 54 is connected to form overall structure.Make each beam heat exchange tube unit（The cecum of each outer tube 523 lower end in other words）Lower end is logical
It crosses connecting plate 54 and is connected to form overall structure, the vibrations of heat exchange tube unit can be reduced, improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in figures 1 and 3, the cecum bottom of each outer tube 523 are equipped with
Baffler 55.If without the design of baffler 55, the cecum of outer tube 523 will directly bear to come from 11 high-temperature technology of air inlet
Gas so that the temperature of the cecum of outer tube 523 keeps the condition of high temperature for a long time；And have benefited from the design of baffler 55, high-temperature technology
Gas, which is changed after entering by baffler 55, to be flowed to, and process gas is from the cecum of outer tube 523 laterally along 523 outside of outer tube to upstream
It is dynamic；This reduces the calorific intensitys that the cecum of outer tube 523 is born, to improve the service life of waste heat boiler.It is preferred that
, the tapered shape in bottom surface or V-shape of baffler 55.
Based on the Combination Design of channel closure 53, connecting plate 54 and baffler 55 design, connecting plate 54 is assemblied in channel closure
53（The cecum of outer tube 523）Bottom, to connect each channel closure 53；Baffler 55 is assemblied in 54 bottom of connecting plate, and rolls over
It is corresponding one by one with channel closure 53 to flow device 55, as shown in Figure 3.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the inner walls are equipped with shell inside liner 4.
Shell inside liner 4 is used as selectable design, is laid with according to actual use demand.Alternative, it is two that shell inside liner 4, which is divided to,
Layer, that layer for being close to inner walls is first shell inside liner 41, another layer is second shell inside liner 42, wherein in first shell
Lining 41 is thermal insulation layer, second shell inside liner 42 is refractory layer, primarily serves heat-insulated and heat-resisting effect.Certainly, shell inside liner 4
Can also there was only one layer, i.e. only first shell inside liner 41 or second shell inside liner 42.Certainly, it can also be spread according to use demand
If other kinds of shell inside liner 4.When the design of low head 1, cylinder 2, upper cover 3 and manhole 21 is combined, low head
1, cylinder 2, upper cover 3 and 21 inner wall of manhole are both provided with the shell inside liner 4.
Based on the design of above-mentioned technical characteristic combination, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the heat exchange branch pipe outside the outer tube 523
524 are distributed in regular quadrangle shape.In a wherein embodiment, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube has 4（Make
For the design of adaptability, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 close to 2 inner wall of housing cylinder is reduced）, the distribution of regular quadrangle shape is formed,
As shown in Figure 4.Alternative, each inlet 521 collects for total inlet, it is each go out vapour-liquid mouth 521 to collect be total
Go out vapour-liquid mouth, as shown in Figure 2.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for making the waste heat boiler of DN < 2500mm.
Embodiment two
As shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, embodiment two and embodiment one are essentially identical, the difference is that：Outside the outer tube 523
The branch pipe 524 that exchanges heat is distributed in regular hexagon shape.In a wherein embodiment, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube
There are 6（As the design of adaptability, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 close to 2 inner wall of housing cylinder is reduced）, form regular hexagon shape
Distribution, as shown in Figure 8.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for making the waste heat boiler of 2500mm≤DN < 4000mm.
Embodiment three
As shown in Fig. 9 to Figure 14, embodiment three and embodiment one or two are essentially identical, the difference is that：In order to increase this hair
Heat exchange area in bright waste heat boiler unit volume improves heat exchange efficiency；Embodiment three proposes and embodiment one or two
The different second scheme of the first scheme.
Second scheme：As shown in Fig. 9 to Figure 14, a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet of the present embodiment, the heat exchanger tube
Unit further includes reallocation pipe mechanism, and reallocation pipe mechanism includes being located at 523 outside of outer tube, along 523 axis of outer tube
The multigroup heat exchange branch pipe 524 being sequentially distributed, every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524 have several, the upper and lower side difference of each group heat exchange branch pipe 524
It is connected successively with outer tube 523, wherein be located at that 524 lower end of group heat exchange branch pipe bottom and 523 lower end phase of outer tube
Connection, that 524 upper end of group heat exchange branch pipe positioned at the top is connected with 523 upper end of outer tube.Exchange heat branch pipe 524 and housing
The advantages of pipe 523 forms series-parallel structure, and second scheme has adhered to the first scheme, and second scheme formation
Reallocation pipe mechanism, saturation boiler water form the flowing of shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence ... from bottom to up
Form can further improve heat exchange efficiency, and second scheme is especially suitable for the longer waste heat boiler of heat exchange tube unit；Than
Such as the waste heat boiler of heat exchange tube unit length >=6000mm.In a wherein embodiment, it is sequentially distributed along 523 axis of outer tube
Heat exchange branch pipe 524 has 3 groups；Certainly, according to actual demand, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 that is sequentially distributed along 523 axis of outer tube can be with
There are 2 groups, 4 groups or more groups；It is of course also possible to which only 1 group of heat exchange branch pipe 524, is equivalent to the technical solution of embodiment one at this time.
Preferably, increase in heat exchange branch pipe 524 and the diameter of 523 junction of outer tube, outer tube 523, be advantageously implemented shunting and converge
The liquid form of stream.It will be evident that the present embodiment also includes the relevant design of extended surface element 56, referring specifically to embodiment one, this
Place repeats no more.
Further, as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 14, every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524 is in inside and outside two circles distribution, positioned at changing for inner ring
The spacing for being smaller than heat exchange branch pipe 524 and outer tube 523 positioned at outer ring of hot leg pipe 524 and outer tube 523.It optimizes and changes
The layout type of hot leg pipe 524 can further improve heat exchange efficiency.
Further, in every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524, it is located at 524 distribution in rounded shape of heat exchange branch pipe of inner ring, is located at outer ring
Heat exchange branch pipe 524 in regular hexagon shape be distributed.In a wherein embodiment, the heat exchange branch pipe of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube
524 have 30, wherein the distribution for having 12 formation rounds positioned at the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of inner ring is located at the heat exchange branch pipe of outer ring
524 have the distribution of 18 formation regular hexagon shapes（As the design of adaptability, close to the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of 2 inner wall of housing cylinder
It is reduced）, as shown in figure 14.It is of course also possible to be：The distribution all in rounded shape of heat exchange branch pipe 524 of two circles or regular hexagon
Shape is distributed.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for making the waste heat boiler of DN >=4000mm.
In conclusion a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet using the present invention, uses the design of no tube sheet, but adopts
Use bushing type header as the support of heat exchange tube unit, equipment is easy to enlargement（Such as design using the present invention, can make
The waste heat boiler of 10 meters of nominal diameter or more）, for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduces
The manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance.The design of heat exchange branch pipe in the first scheme, realizes saturation boiler moisture stream-remittance
The liquid form of stream；The design of reallocation pipe mechanism is changed in second scheme, realizes saturation boiler moisture stream-confluence-shunting-remittance
The liquid form of stream-shunting-confluence ...；The heat exchange area in unit volume is increased, heat exchange efficiency is improved.Extended surface element
Design increases heat exchange area, improves heat exchange efficiency.Extended surface element from top to bottom drops successively in the distribution density of heat exchange tube unit
Low design enables to the calorific intensity that heat exchange tube unit is born that can become as far as possible uniformly so that waste heat boiler exists
More steady in operational process, the service life is longer.The design of connecting plate can reduce the vibrations of heat exchange tube unit, improve useless
The service life of heat boiler.The design of baffler can reduce the cecum of outer tube（Channel closure）The calorific intensity born, to
Improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
The invention is not limited in specific implementation modes above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet, it is characterised in that：Including shell and the multiple tube bundle assemblies being assemblied in shell
（5）；
The shell lower end is equipped with air inlet（11）, shell upper end be equipped with gas outlet（31）, tube bundle assembly（5）Positioned at air inlet
（11）With gas outlet（31）Between；
The tube bundle assembly（5）Bushing type header including being assemblied in shell epimere, bushing type header, which is connected with, to be extended downwardly
Several beam heat exchange tube units；
Described sleeve pipe formula header includes being assemblied in the outer header of shell epimere（522）Be set in outer header（522）Interior interior collection
Case（512）, the interior header（512）It is equipped with inlet（511）, the inlet（511）It is pierced by outer header（522）Afterwards from shell
It is pierced by；The outer header（522）It is equipped with out vapour-liquid mouth（521）, this goes out vapour-liquid mouth（521）It is pierced by from shell；
The heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube（523）Be inserted in outer tube（523）Interior inner sleeve（513）, the housing
Pipe（523）Lower end is cecum, inner sleeve（513）Lower end is inserted into outer tube（523）Lower end and and outer tube（523）It is connected；
Inner sleeve（513）Upper end penetrates outer header（522）Afterwards with interior header（511）It is connected, outer tube（523）Upper end and outer header
（522）It is connected.
2. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：If the heat exchange tube unit further includes
Dry root heat exchange branch pipe（524）, the heat exchange branch pipe（524）Positioned at outer tube（523）Outside, along outer tube（523）Axis is distributed,
Exchange heat branch pipe（524）Upper and lower side respectively with outer tube（523）Upper and lower side be connected.
3. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat exchange tube unit further includes again
Distribution pipe mechanism, reallocation pipe mechanism include being located at outer tube（523）Outside, along outer tube（523）Axis is sequentially distributed
Multigroup heat exchange branch pipe（524）, every group of heat exchange branch pipe（524）There are several, each group heat exchange branch pipe（524）Upper and lower side respectively according to
Secondary and outer tube（523）It is connected, wherein be located at that group heat exchange branch pipe bottom（524）Lower end and outer tube（523）Under
End is connected, and is located at that group heat exchange branch pipe of the top（524）Upper end and outer tube（523）Upper end is connected.
4. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Every group of heat exchange branch pipe（524）In interior
Outer two circles distribution, is located at the heat exchange branch pipe of inner ring（524）With outer tube（523）The heat exchange branch pipe being smaller than positioned at outer ring
（524）With outer tube（523）Spacing.
5. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The heat exchange tube unit is also
Including multiple extended surface elements（56）, the extended surface element（56）Set on outer tube（523）Or/and heat exchange branch pipe（524）Outer wall.
6. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The extended surface element（56）It is exchanging heat
The distribution density of pipe unit from top to bottom reduces successively.
7. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The heat exchange tube unit epimere is height
Density extended surface area, stage casing are low-density extended surface area, hypomere is light pipe area, the extended surface element of high density extended surface area setting（56）Distribution
Density is more than the extended surface element of low-density extended surface area setting（56）Distribution density, light pipe area are not provided with extended surface element（56）.
8. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each outer tube（523）Cecum
Pass through connecting plate（54）It is connected to form overall structure.
9. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each outer tube（523）Cecum
Bottom is equipped with baffler（55）.
10. a kind of waste heat boiler of no tube sheet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inner walls are equipped in shell
Lining（4）.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810861451.2A CN108800085B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Waste heat boiler without pipe plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810861451.2A CN108800085B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Waste heat boiler without pipe plate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108800085A true CN108800085A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108800085B CN108800085B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810861451.2A Active CN108800085B (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2018-08-01 | Waste heat boiler without pipe plate |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108800085B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109705919A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-03 | 宁夏神耀科技有限责任公司 | Gasification furnace waste heat recycles Fei Guo mechanism |
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|---|---|
| CN108800085B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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