CN208764904U - A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor - Google Patents

A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208764904U
CN208764904U CN201821226157.6U CN201821226157U CN208764904U CN 208764904 U CN208764904 U CN 208764904U CN 201821226157 U CN201821226157 U CN 201821226157U CN 208764904 U CN208764904 U CN 208764904U
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China
Prior art keywords
fluidized gas
gas distributor
shell
heat exchange
waste heat
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Inventor
陈泓远
段启勇
陈平生
李五常
贺玲
李修道
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Sichuan Kexin Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co Ltd
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Sichuan Kexin Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of waste heat boiler, especially a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor belongs to chemical plant installations technical field.A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model including shell, is assemblied in the intracorporal multiple tube bundle assemblies of shell and in the fluidized gas distributor of back taper;Tube bundle assembly is assemblied in shell upper section and extends downwardly, and tube bundle assembly has the inlet and vapour-liquid mouth out for being pierced by shell;Fluidized gas distributor has multiple blow vents for flow-through process gas, and fluidized gas distributor inner wall forms fluidized gas distributor chamber for storing pellet to form cold conditions bed between fluidized gas distributor outer wall and shell lower end;Lower housing section is equipped with the air inlet for being connected to the fluidized gas distributor chamber, and shell upper end is equipped with gas outlet.When using the utility model, the calorific intensity that the tube bundle assembly of waste heat boiler is axially born tends to uniformly, so that it is more steady in waste heat boiler operational process, extend service life.

Description

A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of waste heat boiler, especially a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor belongs to Chemical plant installations technical field.
Background technique
Waste heat boiler is the core equipment of chemical plant installations, is generally used in exothermic reactor or after exothermic reactor, right Reaction gas is quickly cooled down;Or using in the heat recovery of high-temperature gas.Some high-temperature gases or reaction gas are (hereinafter referred to as For process gas) temperature height, keep the use condition of waste heat boiler harsher, especially relatively high to process gas pressure and temperature compares High waste heat boiler, due to thermally expanding the stress problem of generation between shell journey, traditional tubular waste heat boiler hardly may be used With.
In order to solve this problem, in the prior art use other structures form waste heat boiler, as under process gas into upper Sword bayonet type waste heat boiler (vertical) out, including shell, 1 tube sheet, top saturated water and steam Double pipe box, sleeve-type heat exchanging pipe (heat exchanger tube includes casing outer tube and the casing inner tube being set in casing outer tube), sleeve-type heat exchanging pipe upper end is by tube sheet (upper perforated plate) support, lower end retractable, casing inner tube are saturated water down-comer, and casing outer tube is steam tedge;Casing The saturated water and process gas that annular space circulates between inner tube and casing outer tube, which are realized, to exchange heat.(it is practical new that structure type can be found in China The attached drawing 2 or 3 of type patent 201020145549.7).Caused by sword bayonet type waste heat boiler has well solved the thermal expansion of shell journey Stress problem, but the calorific intensity that the sleeve-type heat exchanging pipe of sword bayonet type waste heat boiler is axially born is not uniform enough, on lower end is larger End is smaller, and thus leading to heat exchanger tube wall temperature is also that the higher upper end in lower end is lower, and lower end is easily damaged.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the utility model is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of with fluidized gas distributor Waste heat boiler, the calorific intensity that the tube bundle assembly of the waste heat boiler of the utility model is axially born tends to uniformly, so that waste heat boiler It is more steady in furnace operational process, extend service life.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor, including shell, be assemblied in shell for circulating heat transferring medium Multiple tube bundle assemblies and below the tube bundle assembly be in back taper fluidized gas distributor;The tube bundle assembly is assemblied in Shell upper section simultaneously extends downwardly, and tube bundle assembly has the inlet and vapour-liquid mouth out for being pierced by shell;The fluidized gas is distributed utensil There are multiple blow vents for flow-through process gas, fluidized gas distributor inner wall is fluidized for storing pellet to form cold conditions bed Fluidized gas distributor chamber is formed between gas distributor outer wall and shell lower end;The lower housing section, which is equipped with, is connected to the fluidized gas distribution The air inlet of room, shell upper end are equipped with gas outlet.
When using the utility model, storage pellet (pellet is preferably sand and dirt) forms cold conditions bed in fluidized gas distributor Layer.Saturation boiler water (heat transferring medium) enters tube bundle assembly from inlet, and saturation boiler water is during tube bundle assembly flows Heat exchange is carried out with high-temperature technology gas and pellet, and the gas-vapor mix that saturation boiler water is formed after being vaporized is from vapour-liquid mouth stream out Out.Meanwhile for the fluid interchange process of high-temperature technology gas (dust-laden or not dust-laden): high-temperature technology gas enters from air inlet In fluidized gas distributor chamber, the blow vent for then passing through fluidized gas distributor enters cold conditions bed;At this point, pellet process gas (or Person is referred to as fluidized gas) under the action of float to certain altitude and mixed heat transfer (cold conditions bed become work bed, in this process In, pellet heating, process gas cooling reach operating temperature in a basic balance, referred to as work bed temperature);Pellet and process gas Mixture and the saturation boiler water of tube bundle assembly circulation carry out heat exchange, the low temperature process gas after heat exchange is (containing a small amount of tiny The dirt of particle) it is flowed out from gas outlet.When waste heat boiler is not worked with work, two different beds of the pellet in waste heat boiler Height condition.When waste heat boiler does not work, pellet is in the static interior formation cold conditions bed of fluidized gas distributor, referred to as cold conditions bed at this time (cold conditions bed height is preferably greater than or equal to the inside wall height of fluidized gas distributor to layer height, naturally it is also possible to be less than fluidized gas The inside wall height of distributor).When waste heat boiler works, pellet acts on float downward and keep certain height in process gas is distributed in pipe It is at this time the bed height that works, work bed at this time is known as emulsion zone, and (pellet is in the emulsion zone inner recirculation flow around tread assembly It is dynamic);And more than the bed that works it is known as dilute-phase zone to shell upper end.When using the utility model, fluidized gas distributor and pellet shape At bed, the mixture of pellet and process gas is higher than the coefficient of heat transfer of individual process gas, and which increases the coefficients of heat transfer, improves Heat exchange efficiency;And since process gas and pellet have carried out heat exchange first, so that work bed temperature is lower than air inlet Process gas temperature, this provides for improved the high temperature scope of applications of waste heat boiler.When using utility model, saturation boiler water and pellet with The heat transfer process of the mixture of process gas is mainly carried out in emulsion zone, due to the unique design of the utility model, the work of emulsion zone Make that bed temperature is more uniform, so that the calorific intensity that tube bundle assembly is axially born tends to uniformly, so that waste heat boiler operational process In it is more steady, extend service life.When using the utility model, by controlling air inflow of the process gas from air inlet, i.e., Controllable work bed height (size of emulsion zone in other words) realizes the heat exchange amount for adjusting waste heat boiler, adjusts process gas flow The temperature of gas outlet out.The utility model establishes bed using pellet (solid particle), is suitable for the height of dust-laden (solid particle) Warm process gas;It can certainly be suitable for the high-temperature technology gas of not dust-laden.
A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, the fluidized gas distributor inner wall or/and Outer wall is equipped with cooling coil and distributor lining, which covers cooling coil, and the blow vent runs through distributor Lining, the coil pipe import of cooling coil and coil outlets are pierced by shell.When waste heat boiler works, from coil pipe import to cooling coil It is passed through cooling medium (such as cooling air), the cooling medium in coil pipe import and the high-temperature technology gas for flowing through fluidized gas distributor are real It is flowed out after existing heat exchange from coil outlets, to reduce process gas temperature, the high temperature that can further increase waste heat boiler is applicable in Range.Preferably, distributor lining is wear resistance lining;Heat for reducing the abrasion of fluidized gas distributor and its bearing is strong Degree.Preferably, fluidized gas distributor inside and outside wall all winds setting cooling coil, distribution is all arranged in fluidized gas distributor inside and outside wall Device lining covers cooling coil.
A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, fluidized gas distributor lower end are equipped with row Cinder notch, fluidized gas distributor chamber lower end are equipped with ash discharging hole, and the slag-drip opening and ash discharging hole are pierced by from shell lower end.For the height of dust-laden For warm process gas, over time, the dirt of process gas is mixed into pellet, so that the pellet of work bed gradually becomes more, is The height for maintaining work bed, can be discharged extra pellet by slag-drip opening to maintain the height of work bed.And it is deposited on (the part dirt of process gas does not enter into work bed inevitably to the dirt of fluidized gas distributor chamber, and is deposited on fluidized gas distribution Room) it can be discharged by ash discharging hole.High-temperature technology gas of the design especially suitable for dust-laden;When using the design, for not dust-laden High-temperature technology gas for, in order to maintain the height of work bed, can by online plus sand system give work bed supplement pellet.
A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, the tube bundle assembly include being assemblied in shell The bushing type header of upper section, bushing type header are connected with several beam heat exchange tube units extended downwardly;Described sleeve pipe formula collection luggage The outer header for being assemblied in shell upper section and the interior header being set in outer header are included, the inlet is set in the interior header, The inlet is pierced by after being pierced by outer header from shell;The vapour-liquid mouth out is set in the outer header, vapour-liquid mouth should be gone out from shell It is pierced by;The heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube and the inner sleeve that is inserted in outer tube, and the outer tube lower end is cecum, interior Lower end is inserted into outer tube lower end and is connected with outer tube;Inner sleeve upper end is connected after penetrating outer header with interior header Logical, outer sleeve upper is connected with outer header.As the specific preferred design of tube bundle assembly, in the waste heat boiler course of work, After boiler water is saturated from inlet into interior header, it is diverted into the inner sleeve that every is connected with the interior header, in inner sleeve It inside flows downward, turns back upwards after then flowing into outer tube lower end from inner sleeve lower end, then between outer tube and inner sleeve Annular space flow up into outer header (in the process, be saturated boiler water changed with the process gas outside outer tube with pellet cocurrent Heat is simultaneously vaporized), the gas-vapor mix formed after heat exchange flows through the annular space between outer header and interior header from vapour-liquid mouth stream out Out.The design does not use tube sheet, but uses support of the bushing type header as heat exchange tube unit, and equipment is easy to enlargement, For bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduces the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, good economy performance. Have benefited from the design of the utility model tube bundle assembly, additionally it is possible to gas-phase space stringing dead zone is reduced, to increase unit volume Heat exchange area improves heat exchange efficiency.
The heat exchange area in waste heat boiler unit volume in order to increase the utility model improves heat exchange efficiency;This is practical Novel exchange heat pipe unit improvement proposes the selectable technical solution of following two.
The first scheme: further, the heat exchange tube unit further includes several heat exchange branch pipes, the heat exchange branch pipe position It is distributed on the outside of outer tube, along outer tube axis, the upper and lower side for the branch pipe that exchanges heat is connected with the upper and lower side of outer tube respectively.Heat exchange Branch pipe and outer tube form parallel structure, and by the design for the branch pipe that exchanges heat, saturation boiler water flows into outer from inner sleeve lower end Shunting will be generated when turning back upwards after lower end, a portion is saturated annular space of the boiler water between outer tube and inner sleeve It flows up;And another part saturation boiler water flows up in heat exchange branch pipe, two-part saturation boiler water is in outer tube Upper end cross after enter outer header.The design of heat exchange branch pipe has shunted saturation boiler water, and the diameter of outer tube can be subtracted Small, the design is capable of increasing the heat exchange area in unit volume, improves heat exchange efficiency.
Second scheme: further, the heat exchange tube unit further includes reallocation pipe mechanism, reallocation pipe mechanism Exchange heat branch pipe including being located on the outside of outer tube, along the multiple groups that outer tube axis is sequentially distributed, and every group of heat exchange branch pipe has several, respectively The upper and lower side of group heat exchange branch pipe is successively connected with outer tube respectively, wherein positioned at that group heat exchange branch pipe lower end bottom It is connected with outer tube lower end, that group heat exchange branch pipe upper end positioned at the top is connected with outer sleeve upper.Exchange heat branch pipe Series-parallel structure is formd with outer tube, the advantages of second scheme has adhered to the first scheme, and second scheme shape At reallocation pipe mechanism, saturation boiler water form shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence ... from bottom to up Liquid form can further improve heat exchange efficiency.
As the further design of the first scheme or second scheme, further, the heat exchange tube unit further includes Multiple brokenly bubble elements, the brokenly bubble element are set to outer tube or/and heat exchange branch pipe outer wall.It can reduce the shake of heat exchange tube unit It is dynamic, reduce the abrasion of exchange heat pipe unit (outer tube or/and heat exchange branch pipe);Heat exchange area can also be further increased, is improved Heat exchange efficiency.Preferably, outer tube and heat exchange branch pipe outer wall are designed with brokenly bubble element.
Further, the cecum of each outer tube is connected to form overall structure by connecting plate.So that each beam heat exchanger tube list Member (cecum of each outer tube in other words lower end) lower end is connected to form overall structure by connecting plate, can reduce heat exchanger tube list The vibration of member, improves the service life of waste heat boiler.
Further, the cecum bottom of each outer tube is equipped with baffler.If the not design of baffler, outer tube Cecum will directly bear high-temperature technology gas and granule mixture, so that the cecum of outer tube is easy to be worn;And have benefited from baffling The design of device, process gas and granule mixture change the cecum of flow direction, process gas and granule mixture from outer tube by baffler It is flowed up laterally along outer tube outside;This reduces the abrasion of the cecum of outer tube and the calorific intensitys born, thus Improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, the inner walls are equipped with shell inside liner. Alternative, shell inside liner is divided into two layers, that layer for being close to inner walls is first shell inside liner, another layer is second shell Inside liner, wherein first shell inside liner is thermal insulation layer, second shell inside liner is wearing layer, primarily serves wear-resisting and heat-insulated work With;To improve the service life of waste heat boiler and play heat-insulated effect.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, when using the utility model, fluidized gas The mixture of distributor and pellet formation bed, pellet and process gas is higher than the coefficient of heat transfer of individual process gas, this just increases The coefficient of heat transfer, improves heat exchange efficiency;And since process gas and pellet have carried out heat exchange first, so that work bed temperature Degree is lower than the process gas temperature of air inlet, and this provides for improved the high temperature scope of applications of waste heat boiler.When using utility model, saturation The heat transfer process of boiler water and pellet and the mixture of process gas is mainly carried out in emulsion zone, since the uniqueness of the utility model is set Meter, the work bed temperature of emulsion zone is more uniform, so that the calorific intensity that tube bundle assembly is axially born tends to uniformly, so that waste heat It is more steady in boiler running process, extend service life.When using the utility model, by controlling process gas from air inlet Air inflow, i.e., controllable operation bed layer height (size of emulsion zone in other words) is realized the heat exchange amount for adjusting waste heat boiler, is adjusted Save the temperature of process gas outflow gas outlet.The utility model establishes bed using pellet (solid particle), especially suitable for dust-laden The high-temperature technology gas of (solid particle);It can certainly be suitable for the high-temperature technology gas of not dust-laden.
2, cooling coil designs, and the process gas temperature that can be tentatively lowered into further increases the high temperature of waste heat boiler The scope of application.
3, extra pellet can be discharged to maintain the height of work bed in the design of slag-drip opening;The design of ash discharging hole, energy Enough discharges are deposited on the dirt of fluidized gas distributor chamber.
4, the specific design of tube bundle assembly, using the design of no tube sheet, branch of the bushing type header as heat exchange tube unit Support, equipment are easy to enlargement, and for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduce waste heat boiler Manufacturing expense, good economy performance.
5, in the first scheme exchange heat branch pipe design, realize saturation boiler moisture stream-confluence liquid form;Second The design of reallocation pipe mechanism is changed in scheme, realizes saturation boiler moisture stream-confluence-shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence ... Liquid form;The heat exchange area in unit volume is increased, heat exchange efficiency is improved.
6, the design of brokenly bubble element, can reduce the vibration of heat exchange tube unit, reduce exchange heat pipe unit (outer tube with change Hot leg pipe) abrasion;Heat exchange area can also be increased, improve heat exchange efficiency.
7, the design of connecting plate can reduce the vibration of heat exchange tube unit, improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
8, the design of baffler, the calorific intensity that can reduce the abrasion of outer tube and born, to improve waste heat boiler The service life of furnace.
9, distributor lining is the design of wear resistance lining, can play wear-resisting effect;Shell inside liner be thermal insulation layer with it is resistance to Two layers of design for grinding layer, can play wear-resisting and heat-insulated effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is enlarged drawing at B in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is tube bundle assembly in embodiment one in the intracorporal layout of shell;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of one of embodiment one tube bundle assembly;
Fig. 6 is the top view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment one;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment two;
Fig. 8 is tube bundle assembly in embodiment two in the intracorporal layout of shell;
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of one of embodiment two tube bundle assembly;
Figure 10 is the top view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment two;
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler in embodiment three;
Figure 12 is enlarged drawing at C in Figure 11;
Figure 13 is enlarged drawing at D in Figure 11;
Figure 14 is tube bundle assembly in embodiment three in the intracorporal layout of shell;
Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of one of embodiment three tube bundle assembly;
Figure 16 is enlarged drawing at B in Figure 15;
Figure 17 is the top view of two adjacent heat exchange tube units in embodiment three.
Marked in the figure: 1- lower head, 2- cylinder, 21- manhole, 22- support, 23- damping shock absorption part, 24- air inlet, 25- Fluidized gas distributor chamber, 26- ash discharging hole, 3- upper cover, the gas outlet 31-, 4- shell inside liner, 41- first shell inside liner, 42- second Shell inside liner, 5- tube bundle assembly, 511- inlet, in 512- header, 513- inner sleeve, 521- go out the outer header of vapour-liquid mouth, 522-, 523- outer tube, 524- heat exchange branch pipe, 53- channel closure, 54- connecting plate, 55- baffler, 56- brokenly bubble element, 6- fluidized gas point Cloth device, 61- blow vent, 62- cooling coil, the import of 621- coil pipe, 622- coil outlets, 63- distributor lining, 64- slag-drip opening, 7- demarcation plate, 71- structural cavities, 72- structural cavities air inlet, 73- structural cavities gas outlet, 8- pellet.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain The utility model is not used to limit the utility model.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the present embodiment, including shell, arrangement It is assemblied in the multiple tube bundle assemblies 5 for the heat transferring medium that is used to circulate in shell and below tube bundle assembly 5 in the stream of back taper Change gas distributor 6;The tube bundle assembly 5 is assemblied in shell upper section and extends downwardly, and tube bundle assembly 5 has the feed liquor for being pierced by shell Mouth 511 and vapour-liquid mouth 521 out;The fluidized gas distributor 6 has multiple blow vents 61 for flow-through process gas, fluidized gas 6 inner wall of distributor forms stream for storing pellet 8 to form cold conditions bed between 6 outer wall of fluidized gas distributor and shell lower end Change gas distributor chamber 25;The lower housing section is equipped with the air inlet 24 for being connected to the fluidized gas distributor chamber 25, and shell upper end is equipped with Port 31.
When using the utility model, storage pellet 8(pellet 8 is preferably sand and dirt in fluidized gas distributor 6) formed it is cold State bed.Saturation boiler water (heat transferring medium) from relevant device (such as drum) enters tube bundle assembly 5 from inlet 511, It is saturated boiler water and carries out heat exchange with high-temperature technology gas and pellet 8 during tube bundle assembly 5 flows, be saturated boiler water quilt The gas-vapor mix formed after vaporization is flowed out from vapour-liquid mouth 521 out.Meanwhile for the stream of high-temperature technology gas (dust-laden or not dust-laden) For moving thermal process: high-temperature technology gas enters in fluidized gas distributor chamber 25 from air inlet 24, then passes through fluidized gas distributor 6 Blow vent 61 enter cold conditions bed;At this point, pellet 8 floats to certain height under the action of process gas (or referred to as fluidized gas) Spending simultaneously mixed heat transfer, (cold conditions bed becomes work bed, and in the process, the heating of pellet 8, process gas cooling reach substantially flat The operating temperature of weighing apparatus, referred to as work bed temperature);The saturation boiler that the mixture and tube bundle assembly 5 of pellet 8 and process gas circulate Water carries out heat exchange, and the low temperature process gas (dirt containing a small amount of fine particle) after heat exchange is flowed out from gas outlet 31.Waste heat boiler When not working with work, two different bed height states of the pellet 8 in waste heat boiler.When waste heat boiler does not work, grain Material 8 is in the static interior formation cold conditions bed of fluidized gas distributor 6, and referred to as (cold conditions bed height is preferably big for cold conditions bed height at this time In or equal to fluidized gas distributor 6 inside wall height, naturally it is also possible to less than the inside wall height of fluidized gas distributor 6).Waste heat boiler When furnaceman makees, pellet 8 acts on float downward and keeping certain height in process gas and is distributed in around tube bundle assembly that (pellet 8 is suspended in Make among the process gas of ascending motion), it is at this time the bed height that works, work bed at this time is known as the emulsion zone (overwhelming majority Pellet 8 the emulsion zone internal circulation flow settle and rise);And more than the bed that works it is known as dilute-phase zone to shell upper end.It adopts When with the utility model, fluidized gas distributor 6 and pellet 8 form bed, and the mixture of pellet 8 and process gas is than individual technique The coefficient of heat transfer of gas is high, and which increases the coefficients of heat transfer, improve heat exchange efficiency;And due to process gas and pellet 8 first into Heat exchange is gone, so that work bed temperature is lower than the process gas temperature of air inlet 24, this provides for improved the high temperature of waste heat boiler The scope of application.When using utility model, saturation boiler water is with the heat transfer process of pellet 8 and the mixture of process gas mainly in close phase Area carries out, and due to the unique design of the utility model, the work bed temperature of emulsion zone is more uniform, so that 5 axis of tube bundle assembly Tend to uniformly to the calorific intensity of receiving, so that it is more steady in waste heat boiler operational process, extend service life.Using this reality With it is novel when, by control process gas from the air inflow of air inlet 24 (for example flow control valve can be arranged in air inlet 24), I.e. controllable operation bed layer height (size of emulsion zone in other words), realizes the heat exchange amount for adjusting waste heat boiler, adjusts process gas Flow out the temperature of gas outlet 31.The utility model uses pellet 8(solid particle) bed is established, especially suitable for dust-laden (solid Particle) high-temperature technology gas;It can certainly be suitable for the high-temperature technology gas of not dust-laden.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3,6 inner wall of fluidized gas distributor or/and outer wall are set There are cooling coil 62 and distributor lining 63, which covers cooling coil 62, and the blow vent 61, which runs through, to be divided Cloth device lining 63, the coil pipe import 621 of cooling coil 62 and coil outlets 622 are pierced by shell.When waste heat boiler works, from coil pipe Import 621 is passed through cooling medium (such as cooling air) to cooling coil 62, the cooling medium in coil pipe import 621 and flows through fluidisation The high-temperature technology gas of gas distributor 6 flows out after realizing heat exchange from coil outlets 622, to reduce process gas temperature, Neng Goujin The high temperature scope of application of one step raising waste heat boiler.Preferably, 6 inside and outside wall of fluidized gas distributor all winds setting cooling coil 62,6 inside and outside wall of fluidized gas distributor is all arranged distributor lining 63 and covers cooling coil 62;It is of course also possible to be only fluidized gas 6 inner wall of distributor or outer wall are equipped with cooling coil 62 and distributor lining 63.Preferably, distributor lining 63 is wear-resisting resistance to Hot lining;For reducing the abrasion of fluidized gas distributor 6 and its calorific intensity of receiving.When using the design, blow vent 61 is equal Through the snorkel of fluidized gas distributor 6 and distributor lining 63, (when not using the design, blow vent 61 is uniformly distributed through stream to cloth Change the venthole of gas distributor 6), preferably, 6 axis of direction fluidized gas distributor of the snorkel downward bias.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1,6 lower end of fluidized gas distributor is equipped with slag-drip opening 64,25 lower end of fluidized gas distributor chamber is equipped with ash discharging hole 26, and the slag-drip opening 64 is pierced by with ash discharging hole 26 from shell lower end.For containing For the high-temperature technology gas of dirt, over time, the dirt of process gas is mixed into pellet 8, so that the pellet 8 of work bed is gradually Become more, in order to maintain the height (in a certain range) of work bed, extra pellet 8 can be discharged by slag-drip opening 64 to maintain work Make the height of bed;Preferably, slag-drip opening 64 is connected with lock slag valve after being pierced by shell lower end.And it is deposited on fluidized gas distributor chamber 25 dirt (the part dirt of process gas does not enter into work bed inevitably, and is deposited on fluidized gas distributor chamber 25) can pass through Ash discharging hole 26 is discharged;Ash discharging hole 26 can also be connected with lock slag valve after being pierced by shell lower end.Height of the design especially suitable for dust-laden Warm process gas;When using the design, for the high-temperature technology gas of not dust-laden, in order to maintain the height of work bed, it can lead to Cross online plus sand system to work bed supplement pellet 8(for example, the dustless high-temperature technology gas being passed through be arranged at air inlet 24 add Material jet pipe is mixed into pellet 8).
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, the tube bundle assembly 5 include being assemblied in shell The bushing type header of upper section, bushing type header are connected with several beam heat exchange tube units extended downwardly;Described sleeve pipe formula collection luggage The outer header 522 for being assemblied in shell upper section and the interior header 512 being set in outer header 522 are included, is arranged in the interior header 512 The inlet 511, the inlet 511 are pierced by after being pierced by outer header 522 from shell;Go out described in being arranged in the outer header 522 Vapour-liquid mouth 521 should go out vapour-liquid mouth 521 and be pierced by from shell;The heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube 523 and is inserted in outer tube Inner sleeve 513 in 523,523 lower end of outer tube are cecum, and 513 lower end of inner sleeve is inserted into 523 lower end of outer tube, simultaneously It is connected with outer tube 523;513 upper end of inner sleeve is connected after penetrating outer header 522 with interior header 512,523 upper end of outer tube It is connected with outer header 522.As the specific preferred design of tube bundle assembly 5, in the waste heat boiler course of work, carrys out auto-correlation and set After the saturation boiler water of standby (such as drum) is from inlet 511 into interior header 512, it is diverted into every and interior 512 phase of header It in the inner sleeve 513 of connection, flows downward in inner sleeve 513, then flows into 523 lower end of outer tube from 513 lower end of inner sleeve It turns back upwards afterwards, then the annular space between outer tube 523 and inner sleeve 513 flows up into outer header 522(in this process In, process gas and pellet cocurrent outside saturation boiler water and outer tube 523 exchange heat and are vaporized), the steam formed after heat exchange is mixed Close logistics through the annular space between outer header 522 and interior header 512 from vapour-liquid mouth 521 out flow out to relevant device (such as drum) into Row steam-water separation.The design does not use tube sheet, but uses support of the bushing type header as heat exchange tube unit, and equipment is easy to Enlargement, for bushing type header for tube sheet, the class requirement of material is low, reduces the manufacturing expense of waste heat boiler, passes through Ji property is good.Have benefited from the design of the utility model tube bundle assembly, additionally it is possible to gas-phase space stringing dead zone is reduced, to increase list Position volume heat exchange area, improves heat exchange efficiency.
Alternative, 523 lower end of outer tube is equipped with channel closure 53 and forms the cecum.It is alternative, it is located at The intracorporal multiple tube bundle assemblies 5 of shell equally and row pattern be distributed, and be adapted with shell, the casing of each tube bundle assembly 5 The length of formula header is not quite similar, and the quantity for the heat exchange tube unit that each bushing type header is connected also is not quite similar;Certainly It can be circular distribution at equal intervals.Alternative, the shell includes cylinder 2 and set on the upper of 2 upper and lower ends of cylinder End socket 3 and lower head 1, the air inlet 24 are set to 2 lower section of cylinder (can also be set to lower head 1 certainly), and gas outlet 31 is set to upper End socket 3(can also be set to 2 upper section of cylinder certainly), bushing type header is located at 2 upper section of cylinder, heat exchange tube unit extends under cylinder 2 Section, fluidized gas distributor 6 are assemblied in 2 lower section of cylinder and are located at below heat exchange tube unit.Preferably, inlet 511 and vapour out Liquid mouth 521 is pierced by from 2 upper section of cylinder;Certainly, inlet 511 can also be pierced by with vapour-liquid mouth 521 out from upper cover 3.For choosing It selects, the upper section and lower section of shell are respectively equipped with manhole 21;Preferably, manhole 21 has 2, one of manhole 21 is set to cylinder 2 upper section of body (can certainly be set to upper cover 3) is located at 5 top of tube bundle assembly, another manhole 21 is set to 2 lower section of cylinder, position Between tube bundle assembly 5 and fluidized gas distributor 6.Alternative, outer header 522 is assemblied in inner walls by support 22 (preferably, being assemblied on 2 inner wall of cylinder);Preferably, outer header 522 and support 22 and between be equipped with damping shock absorption part 23; To buffer the vibration of tube bundle assembly 5 in operational process, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Make it will be evident that having between each tube bundle assembly 5 For the gap of process gas and the circulation of 8 mixture of pellet, also have as process gas and 8 mixture of pellet between each heat exchange unit The gap of circulation;It will be evident that outer header 522 is not connected to the intracorporal cavity of shell, interior header 512 is with outer header 522 also without straight Lead in succession, interior header 512 with outer header 522 is connected by heat exchange unit.
The heat exchange area in waste heat boiler unit volume in order to increase the utility model improves heat exchange efficiency;Embodiment The improvement of a pair of of heat exchange tube unit proposes the first scheme.
The first scheme: the heat exchange tube unit based on the present embodiment advanced optimizes, as shown in Fig. 1, fig. 4 to fig. 6, institute Stating heat exchange tube unit further includes several heat exchange branch pipes 524, and the heat exchange branch pipe 524 is located at 523 outside of outer tube, along outer tube The upper and lower side of the distribution of 523 axis, heat exchange branch pipe 524 is connected with the upper and lower side of outer tube 523 respectively.Exchange heat branch pipe 524 and outer Casing 523 forms parallel structure, and by the design for the branch pipe 524 that exchanges heat, saturation boiler water flows into outer from 513 lower end of inner sleeve Shunting will be generated when turning back upwards behind 523 lower end of casing, a portion is saturated boiler water along outer tube 523 and inner sleeve 513 Between annular space flow up;And another part saturation boiler water flows up in heat exchange branch pipe 524, two-part saturation pan Furnace water enters outer header 522 after the upper end of outer tube 523 crosses.The design of heat exchange branch pipe 524 has shunted saturation boiler water, outside The diameter of casing 523 can be reduced, and for sword bayonet type waste heat boiler, the stringing of unit volume can be more, this The heat exchange area being capable of increasing in unit volume is designed, heat exchange efficiency is improved.Certainly, heat exchange 524 upper end of branch pipe can not also be with 523 upper end of outer tube is connected, but 524 upper end of branch pipe that exchanges heat directly is connected with outer header 522, but this adds increased systems Difficulty is made, not preferred plan.
Further, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the heat exchange tube unit further includes multiple brokenly bubble elements 56, the brokenly bubble member Part 56 is set to outer tube 523 or/and heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe.It can reduce the vibration of heat exchange tube unit, reduce exchange heat pipe list The abrasion of member (outer tube 523 or/and heat exchange branch pipe 524);Heat exchange area can also be further increased, heat exchange efficiency is improved.Make To be preferred, outer tube 523 and heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe are designed with brokenly bubble element 56;Can certainly be, only outer tube 523 or Brokenly bubble element 56 is arranged in 524 outer wall of branch pipe that exchanges heat.Alternative, the brokenly bubble element 56 is fin or ailhead;Preferably, rib Piece is in odontoid or rectangular-shaped, and ailhead is in rounded shape, elliptical shape or diamond shaped.In one embodiment, outside outer tube 523 The brokenly bubble element 56 of wall setting is ailhead, and the brokenly bubble element 56 of heat exchange 524 outer wall of branch pipe setting is fin.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the cecum of each outer tube 523 is connected to form whole knot by connecting plate 54 Structure.(cecum of each outer tube 523 in other words lower end) lower end is connected to form by connecting plate 54 so that each beam heat exchange tube unit Overall structure can reduce the vibration of heat exchange tube unit, improve the service life of waste heat boiler.
Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the cecum bottom of each outer tube 523 is equipped with baffler 55.If no The cecum of the design of baffler 55, outer tube 523 will directly bear high-temperature technology gas and 8 mixture of pellet, so that outer tube 523 Cecum be easy to be worn;And having benefited from the design of baffler 55, process gas and 8 mixture of pellet are flowed by the change of baffler 55 Cecum to, process gas and 8 mixture of pellet from outer tube 523 on the outside of outer tube 523 laterally along flowing up;This reduces The abrasion of the cecum of outer tube 523 and the calorific intensity born, to improve the service life of waste heat boiler.Preferably, The tapered shape in the bottom surface of baffler 55 or V-shape.
Based on the Combination Design of channel closure 53, connecting plate 54 and baffler 55 design, connecting plate 54 is assemblied in channel closure The cecum of 53(outer tube 523) bottom, to connect each channel closure 53;Baffler 55 is assemblied in 54 bottom of connecting plate, and rolls over It is corresponding one by one with channel closure 53 to flow device 55, as shown in Figure 5.
Further optimization based on the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, the inner walls are equipped with shell liner In 4.Alternative, it is two layers that shell inside liner 4, which divides, that layer for being close to inner walls is first shell inside liner 41, another layer For second shell inside liner 42, wherein first shell inside liner 41 is thermal insulation layer, second shell inside liner 42 is wearing layer, is primarily served Wear-resisting and heat-insulated effect;To improve the service life of waste heat boiler and play heat-insulated effect;Can certainly be, first Shell inside liner 41 is set to housing exterior walls, second shell inside liner 42 is set in the housing wall.With lower head 1, cylinder 2, upper cover 3 and When the design of manhole 21 combines, lower head 1, cylinder 2, upper cover 3 and 21 inner wall of manhole are both provided with the shell inside liner 4。
Based on the design of above-mentioned technical characteristic combination, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, the heat exchange branch pipe outside the outer tube 523 524 are distributed in regular quadrangle shape.In one embodiment, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube has 4 (to make For the design of adaptability, reduced close to the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of 2 inner wall of housing cylinder), the distribution of regular quadrangle shape is formed, As shown in Figure 6.Alternative, each inlet 521 collects for total inlet, it is each go out vapour-liquid mouth 521 to collect be total Vapour-liquid mouth out, as shown in Figure 2.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for the waste heat boiler of production DN < 2500mm.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 7 to 10, embodiment two is basically the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that: the outer tube 523 Outer heat exchange branch pipe 524 is distributed in regular hexagon shape.In one embodiment, the heat exchange branch of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube Pipe 524 has 6 (as the design of adaptability, being reduced close to the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of 2 inner wall of housing cylinder), forms positive six The distribution of side shape, as shown in Figure 10.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for the waste heat boiler of production 2500mm≤DN < 4000mm.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, being equipped with demarcation plate 7,7 upper wall of demarcation plate below the fluidized gas distributor 6 The fluidized gas distributor chamber 25 is formed between 6 outer wall of fluidized gas distributor, and knot is formed between 7 lower wall of demarcation plate and shell lower end Structure cavity 71, the structural cavities 71 are equipped with the structural cavities air inlet 72 for being pierced by shell and structural cavities gas outlet 73;The row Cinder notch 64 is pierced by after structural cavities from shell lower end with ash discharging hole 26.Structural cavities 71 are as relatively large waste heat boiler Adaptability design, when using the utility model, be passed through cooling air, Neng Gouping from structural cavities air inlet 72 to structural cavities 71 The pressure of weighing apparatus fluidized gas distributor chamber 25 and structural cavities 71;After cooling air is discharged from structural cavities gas outlet 73, moreover it is possible to high The minor heat of warm process gas.When shell inside liner 4 is combined with the design of manhole 21,7 upper wall of demarcation plate is equipped with (preferably resistance to Mill with it is heat-insulated) shell inside liner 4, slag-drip opening 64 and ash discharging hole 26 also are provided with (preferably heat-insulated) shell in the part of structural cavities 71 Inside liner 4;When combining with the design of manhole 21, structural cavities 71 also are provided with manhole 21.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 11 to Figure 17, embodiment three and embodiment one or two are essentially identical, the difference is that: in order to increase Heat exchange area in the waste heat boiler unit volume of the utility model improves heat exchange efficiency;Embodiment three proposes and embodiment The different second scheme of one or two the first scheme.
Second scheme: advanced optimizing based on heat exchange tube unit, as shown in Figure 11, Figure 15 and 16, the heat exchanger tube Unit further includes reallocation pipe mechanism, and reallocation pipe mechanism includes being located at 523 outside of outer tube, along 523 axis of outer tube The multiple groups heat exchange branch pipe 524 being sequentially distributed, every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524 have several, the upper and lower side difference of each group heat exchange branch pipe 524 Successively be connected with outer tube 523, wherein positioned at bottom that 524 lower end of group heat exchange branch pipe and 523 lower end phase of outer tube Connection, that 524 upper end of group heat exchange branch pipe positioned at the top is connected with 523 upper end of outer tube.Exchange heat branch pipe 524 and housing The advantages of pipe 523 forms series-parallel structure, and second scheme has adhered to the first scheme, and second scheme formation Reallocation pipe mechanism, saturation boiler water form shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence-shunting-confluence ... flowing from bottom to up Form can further improve heat exchange efficiency, and second scheme is especially suitable for the longer waste heat boiler of heat exchange tube unit;Than Such as heat exchange tube unit length >=6000mm waste heat boiler.In one embodiment, it is sequentially distributed along 523 axis of outer tube Heat exchange branch pipe 524 has 3 groups;Certainly, according to actual needs, the heat exchange branch pipe 524 being sequentially distributed along 523 axis of outer tube can be with There are 2 groups, 4 groups or more;It is of course also possible to which only 1 group of heat exchange branch pipe 524, is equivalent to the technical solution of embodiment one at this time. Preferably, the diameter in heat exchange branch pipe 524 and 523 junction of outer tube, outer tube 523 increases, and is advantageously implemented shunting and converges The liquid form of stream.It will be evident that the present embodiment also includes the relevant design of brokenly bubble element 56, referring specifically to embodiment one, this Place repeats no more.
Further, as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 14, every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524 is in inside and outside two circles distribution, positioned at changing for inner ring The spacing of hot leg pipe 524 and outer tube 523 is less than the spacing of the heat exchange branch pipe 524 and outer tube 523 positioned at outer ring.It optimizes and changes The layout type of hot leg pipe 524 can further improve heat exchange efficiency.
Further, in every group of heat exchange branch pipe 524, positioned at the distribution in rounded shape of heat exchange branch pipe 524 of inner ring, it is located at outer ring Heat exchange branch pipe 524 in regular hexagon shape be distributed.In one embodiment, the heat exchange branch pipe of every 523 loong shunt of outer tube 524 have 30, wherein have the distribution of 12 formation rounds, the heat exchange branch pipe positioned at outer ring positioned at the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of inner ring 524 have the distribution of 18 formation regular hexagon shapes (as the design of adaptability, close to the heat exchange branch pipe 524 of 2 inner wall of housing cylinder Reduced), as shown in figure 17.It is of course also possible to be: the distribution all in rounded shape of heat exchange branch pipe 524 of two circles or regular hexagon Shape distribution.The present embodiment is particularly suitable for the waste heat boiler of production DN >=4000mm.
In conclusion using a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor of the utility model, fluidized gas distributor With pellet formation bed, the mixture of pellet and process gas is higher than the coefficient of heat transfer of individual process gas, and which increases heat exchange Coefficient improves heat exchange efficiency;And since process gas and pellet have carried out heat exchange first, so that work bed temperature is lower than The process gas temperature of air inlet, this provides for improved the high temperature scope of applications of waste heat boiler.When using utility model, it is saturated boiler water It is mainly carried out in emulsion zone with the heat transfer process of pellet and the mixture of process gas, it is close due to the unique design of the utility model The work bed temperature of phase region is more uniform, so that the calorific intensity that tube bundle assembly is axially born tends to uniformly, so that waste heat boiler It is more steady in operational process, extend service life.When using the utility model, by control process gas from air inlet into Tolerance, i.e., controllable operation bed layer height (size of emulsion zone in other words), realizes the heat exchange amount for adjusting waste heat boiler, adjusts work Skill air-flow goes out the temperature of gas outlet.The utility model establishes bed using pellet (solid particle), especially suitable for dust-laden (solid Particle) high-temperature technology gas;It can certainly be suitable for the high-temperature technology gas of not dust-laden.Using the utility model design when, 10 meters of nominal diameter or more of waste heat boiler can be made;When using the utility model, high-temperature technology gas intake air temperature is reachable 1300℃。
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the utility model within the spirit and principle of utility model Protection scope within.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor, it is characterised in that: including shell, be assemblied in shell for circulating Multiple tube bundle assemblies (5) of heat transferring medium and be located at tube bundle assembly (5) below be in back taper fluidized gas distributor (6);
The tube bundle assembly (5) is assemblied in shell upper section and extends downwardly, and tube bundle assembly (5) has the inlet for being pierced by shell (511) with vapour-liquid mouth (521) out;
The fluidized gas distributor (6) has multiple blow vents (61) for flow-through process gas, fluidized gas distributor (6) inner wall Fluidized gas distribution is formed for storing pellet (8) to form cold conditions bed, between fluidized gas distributor (6) outer wall and shell lower end Room (25);
The lower housing section is equipped with the air inlet (24) for being connected to the fluidized gas distributor chamber (25), and shell upper end is equipped with gas outlet (31).
2. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fluidized gas point Cloth device (6) inner wall or/and outer wall are equipped with cooling coil (62) and distributor lining (63), and the distributor lining (63) covering is cold But coil pipe (62), the blow vent (61) run through distributor lining (63), the coil pipe import (621) of cooling coil (62) and coil pipe Outlet (622) is pierced by shell.
3. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fluidized gas point Cloth device (6) lower end be equipped with slag-drip opening (64), fluidized gas distributor chamber (25) lower end be equipped with ash discharging hole (26), the slag-drip opening (64) with Ash discharging hole (26) is pierced by from shell.
4. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tube bundle assembly It (5) include the bushing type header for being assemblied in shell upper section, bushing type header is connected with several beam heat exchange tube units extended downwardly;
Described sleeve pipe formula header includes the interior collection for being assemblied in the outer header (522) of shell upper section and being set in outer header (522) The inlet (511) are arranged on the interior header (512) in case (512), the inlet (511) be pierced by after outer header (522) from Shell is pierced by;Go out vapour-liquid mouth (521) described in being arranged on the outer header (522), vapour-liquid mouth (521) should be gone out and be pierced by from shell;
The heat exchange tube unit includes outer tube (523) and the inner sleeve (513) being inserted in outer tube (523), the housing Pipe (523) lower end is cecum, and inner sleeve (513) lower end is inserted into outer tube (523) lower end and is connected with outer tube (523); Inner sleeve (513) upper end penetrates outer header (522) and is connected afterwards with interior header (512), outer tube (523) upper end and outer header (522) it is connected.
5. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the heat exchanger tube list Member further includes several heat exchange branch pipes (524), and the heat exchange branch pipe (524) is located on the outside of outer tube (523), along outer tube (523) axis is distributed, and the upper and lower side of heat exchange branch pipe (524) is connected with the upper and lower side of outer tube (523) respectively.
6. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the heat exchanger tube list Member further includes reallocation pipe mechanism, and reallocation pipe mechanism includes being located on the outside of outer tube (523), along outer tube (523) axis Multiple groups that line is sequentially distributed exchange heat branch pipe (524), and every group of heat exchange branch pipe (524) has several, and each group exchanges heat the upper of branch pipe (524) Lower end is successively connected with outer tube (523) respectively, wherein positioned at that group heat exchange branch pipe (524) lower end bottom and outside Casing (523) lower end is connected, that group heat exchange branch pipe (524) upper end positioned at the top is connected with outer tube (523) upper end It is logical.
7. such as a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: the heat exchange Pipe unit further includes multiple brokenly bubble elements (56), and the brokenly bubble element (56) is set to outer tube (523) or/and heat exchange branch pipe (524) outer wall.
8. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: each outer tube (523) cecum is connected to form overall structure by connecting plate (54).
9. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: each outer tube (523) cecum bottom is equipped with baffler (55).
10. a kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the shell Wall is equipped with shell inside liner (4).
CN201821226157.6U 2018-08-01 2018-08-01 A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor Active CN208764904U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108800096A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-13 四川科新机电股份有限公司 A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108800096A (en) * 2018-08-01 2018-11-13 四川科新机电股份有限公司 A kind of waste heat boiler with fluidized gas distributor
CN108800096B (en) * 2018-08-01 2024-04-16 四川科新机电股份有限公司 Waste heat boiler with fluidization gas distributor

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