JP6147767B2 - Heat exchanger suitable for carbon black production - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for preheating combustion gases in the production of carbon black. The present invention also relates to a carbon black production plant including a combustion chamber and a heat exchanger.

  Carbon black is generally produced in a furnace reactor by disabling hydrocarbon feedstock containing hot combustion gases, and possibly air, to produce combustion products containing particulate carbon black. A schematic diagram of an example of a conventional plant for the production of carbon black is shown in FIG. Also, the combustion gas is led through a conduit 1 in the burner 3 and combustion chamber 4 to the top of a tube heat exchanger 2 known as an air preheater that is preheated before the next combustion of oil. Preheated gas from the heat exchanger is directed to the combustion chamber via conduit 6. Oil is added to the reactor via conduit 7. In some cases, quench water 8 is added downstream of the combustion chamber. The mixture of suspended carbon black in the consumed combustion gas is led into the evaporation chamber 5 and then passes through the heat exchanger and leaves the filter device 10 via the conduit 9 away from the top of the heat exchanger. Led. In some cases, it may be via a preheater and / or an additional heat exchanger (not shown). In this filter device 10, the carbon black is completely filtered from the gas stream.

  FIG. 2a shows a simplified example of a conventional tube heat exchanger 2 used in the plant shown in FIG. The heat exchanger 2 includes a substantially cylindrical chamber 11 arranged orthogonal to the ground. The chamber 11 is surrounded by a cylindrical jacket 12 or shell, a lower end wall 23 and an upper end wall 14. The lower end wall 23 is known as a tube plate. The tube 15 is arranged in the vertical direction (longitudinal direction) inside the chamber. The tubes 15 are arranged in parallel to each other and extend from the lower end wall 23 to the upper end wall 14 over the entire chamber. The preheated combustion gas is led to the heat exchanger via the inlet 16, led to the combustion chamber and discharged via the outlet 17.

  The burned oil, which is a mixture of suspended carbon black in the consumed combustion gas, is directed from the bottom of the chamber in tube 15 (indicated by arrow 18) to the top of the chamber and then the outlet (indicated by arrow 19). ) Through the filter device.

  The heat exchanger also has a horizontally arranged plate 20 that extends from the jacket 12 into the chamber 11. Such a plate 20 forces the gas through the chamber to have a longitudinal portion (indicated by arrow 21). This increases the time in the chamber and thus the temperature of the exhausted preheated gas.

  Most heat exchangers used today preheat the combustion gases to about 800 ° C. The high temperature of the exhaust gas causes high temperature loads on the heat exchanger tubes and shells, thereby leading to substantial thermal expansion during use. Thermal expansion generates large thermal stresses in the tube and shell with limited opportunities for expansion. Various solutions have, for example, a first inner shell and a second outer shell, which are introduced into a heat exchanger at the lower end between the outer and inner shells, leading to the top of the heat exchanger between the shells. In order to overcome this problem, double shell heat exchangers with combustion gases that subsequently contact the heat exchanger tubes have been used. This reduces the temperature of the outer shell. Such a double shell type heat exchanger is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  Various solutions for inflating the tube have also been proposed. An example of a solution is shown in Patent Document 2. The tube plate in this document is fitted with a compensation device to allow the tube to expand.

  In addition, cooling of the bottom plate has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 2 a, the lower end wall 23, together with the lower bottom plate 13, defines a sealed space 22. As indicated by arrow 24, the cooling gas is introduced into space 22 and is exhausted from space 22 via the outlet as indicated by arrow 25. Another example of cooling the bottom plate is disclosed in US Pat. The plates in this document include upper and lower cylindrical plates that form a cylindrical space from which the tube extends.

  This cylindrical space is provided with an internal channel adapted to the cooling medium. FIG. 2b shows a simplified variation of the conventional tube heat exchanger, which differs from the tube heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2a in that the cooling gas introduced into the space 22 is from the space 22 After discharge, it is reused as preheated combustion gas. The cooling gas exiting the space 22 through the cooling gas outlet 26 is then directed via a conduit 27 to the inlet 16 for the combustion gas preheating from the space 22 as indicated by the arrow 28. Thereby, the preheated gas constitutes both recycled cooling gas and fresh fresh gas. This allows for more efficient heat exchange in the heat exchanger.

EP 0865600B1 specification US Pat. No. 6,334,482 US Pat. No. 6,334,483 US Patent Application No. 2004/0081609 Chinese Patent No. 101625128B Specification

  Conventional heat exchangers for the production of carbon black may in some cases result in carbon black agglomeration and clogging in the tube leading to contamination. Such fouling affects, for example, heat transfer that causes a temperature drop of the preheated gas leaving the heat exchanger, which results in a low yield of the carbon black production plant. Furthermore, the flow of combustion gas through the pipe from the bottom of the heat exchanger to the top is affected and the tube may be damaged. Ultimately, the heat exchanger must be shut down for maintenance and cleaning. Such a stop in the production of carbon black is very time consuming and expensive, especially because the tube is very difficult to clean. Thus, it is necessary to minimize the risk of clogging and contamination of the carbon black inside the tube.

  As is known, dirt is caused by the temperature difference between the combustion gas containing suspended carbon black and the surface of the tube. U.S. Patent No. 6,099,075 proposes to solve the problem by making sure that the temperature difference, controlled by the preheated gas flow rate, is less than 500F. The heat exchanger includes outer and inner shells with spaces interposed between the shells for distributing preheated gas. The holes are formed in the inner shell at various vertical positions so as to supply a gas flow into the interior region of the heat exchanger and contact the tube where the carbon black containing the flow is located. The solution proposed in the above-mentioned patent document 4 is not practical because it is very difficult to calculate the hole placement method to achieve the desired result.

Furthermore, the double shell type heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Document 1 reduces contamination due to a reduction in temperature difference between the tube and the combustion gas flowing through the tube.
Another way to deal with the contamination problem has been proposed in US Pat. No. 6,057,056 having a pulse flushing device used to clean the heat exchanger contamination. This pulse flushing device is installed upstream of the tubes of the heat exchanger.

  However, there is still a need for a more practical solution to eliminate the contamination problem, and it is preferable to avoid contamination by avoiding complex cleaning processes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger adapted for producing carbon black, which reduces the risk of tube contamination with carbon black.
This object is achieved by means of a heat exchanger adapted for the production of carbon black as defined by claim 1. Embodiments of the invention are defined by the dependent claims.

  The heat exchanger according to the present invention reduces the temperature difference between the combustion gas flowing inside the tube and the surface of the tube in order to significantly reduce or eliminate tube fouling. In addition, the heat of combustion gas containing suspended carbon black is utilized to enable an energy and cost efficient process for producing carbon black.

  The heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a first heat exchanging portion, and the first heat exchanging portion is surrounded by a cylindrical jacket, a lower end wall and an upper end wall, and is arranged in a vertical direction (longitudinal direction). A first chamber having a shape. Further, the first heat exchanging portion is adapted to flow of the combustion gas in itself extending from the lower end wall to the upper end wall over the entire area of the first chamber, and is arranged in the vertical direction. And a first inlet and a first outlet for preheated gas flowing in the first chamber outside the tube. Further, the heat exchanger includes a second heat exchanging portion, and the second heat exchanging portion is adapted to the flow of the combustion gas therein and has a second chamber arranged in a vertical direction, and the second heat exchanging portion. The two chambers are surrounded by a cylindrical first shell, and the first shell allows heat transfer to the preheated gas flowing outside the first shell; including. The heat exchanger further includes a conduit from the second heat exchange section to the first heat exchange section adapted to the preheated gas flow.

  According to the embodiment, the second heat exchange part is arranged upstream of the first heat exchange part in relation to the flow of combustion gas. This ensures that an optimal heat exchange is achieved for the preheated gas before entering the first chamber.

Preferably, the second heat exchange part has a longitudinal center axis that coincides with the longitudinal center axis of the first heat exchange part.
According to a preferred embodiment, the second heat exchanging portion further includes a second shell that is disposed radially outward of the first shell, is coaxial with the first shell, and is cylindrical. A cylindrical gap adapted to the directed gas flow is formed between the first and second shells. Preferably, the gap may be open at both ends in the vertical direction.

  According to the embodiment, the second heat exchanging part is further disposed at one of the vertical ends of the gap, and the preheated gas is surrounded by the first shell member in the gap. A cylindrical ring chamber adapted to distribute along and a second inlet for introducing preheated gas into the gap through the ring chamber. The ring chamber according to the embodiment is preferably a cylindrical inlet space.

  According to an embodiment, the second heat exchange part is further adapted to collect the gas preheated from the gap and is arranged at the other end in the vertical direction of the gap. A chamber and a second outlet for moving preheated gas from the gap to the conduit through the ring chamber. The ring chamber according to this embodiment is preferably a cylindrical outlet space. The diameter of the second chamber should preferably be relatively large in order to achieve a large heat transfer surface. Thus, according to this embodiment, the tubes are arranged in a bundle having a diameter smaller than the maximum diameter of the second chamber.

  According to an embodiment, the conduit is adapted for the flow of gas from the second heat exchanger to the chamber of the first heat exchanger via the first inlet. According to the embodiment, the second heat exchange part is firmly attached so as to avoid thermal expansion in the vertical direction of the second heat exchange part. Furthermore, the second heat exchanging part may include an internal expansion unit that allows thermal expansion of different parts of the second heat exchange part at least in the vertical direction.

  According to the embodiment, it includes means for cooling the lower end wall with the cooling gas introduced into the bottom space of the first heat exchange part, and the bottom space is defined by the lower end wall and the lower bottom plate. The heat exchanger further comprises means for the flow of the cooling gas from the bottom space to at least one of the conduit and the first inlet for preheated gas in the first chamber. including.

  According to an embodiment, the second heat exchanging unit is configured such that a preheated gas flow outside the first shell is a counter flow of the combustion gas flow flowing in the second chamber. It has been designed. Alternatively, the second heat exchanging section is designed such that the preheated gas flow outside the first shell is parallel to the combustion gas flow flowing in the second chamber. . The invention further relates to a plant comprising a heat exchanger as described above.

1 schematically shows a conventional plant for the production of carbon black. 1 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a tube heat exchanger according to the prior art. Figure 3 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of another tube heat exchanger according to the prior art. 1 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a second heat exchange part of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a second heat exchange part of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the present invention.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are sometimes simplified and some features are exaggerated to more clearly illustrate the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings are not drawn to scale.

As described above, FIG. 1 shows a conventional plant for producing carbon black, and FIGS. 2a and 2b show a side view of a simplified cross section of a known tube heat exchanger 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 shows an example of the heat exchanger 30 according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the heat exchanger 30 includes a first heat exchange unit 31 and a second heat exchange unit 32. The first heat exchanging section 31 includes a substantially cylindrical first chamber 33 disposed in a vertical direction (longitudinal direction) surrounded by a cylindrical jacket 34, a lower end wall 35 and an upper end wall 36. The plurality of tubes 37 are arranged in the vertical direction, and extend from the lower end wall 35 toward the upper end wall 36 over the entire first chamber 33. The tube is adapted for the flow of combustion gas therein (ie, gas transferred from the combustion chamber of the carbon black plant).

  The preheated gas is introduced into the first chamber 33 preferably through a first inlet 38 located at the top of the first chamber 33. The preheated gas flows in the first chamber outside the tube 37. Thus, heat from the combustion gas is transferred to the preheated gas as it flows through the first chamber. The preheated gas is allowed to escape from the first chamber, preferably through a first outlet 39 located at the bottom of the first chamber 33, and then transferred to the combustion chamber as combustion gas by known techniques. .

  The first chamber preferably includes a plurality of horizontally disposed plates 53 extending from the jacket 34 into the first chamber 33. Such a plate 53 allows gas to flow through the chamber to have a longitudinal portion. This increases the time in the chamber and hence the temperature of the exhausted preheated gas.

  For simplicity, FIG. 3 shows only three tubes 37. However, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, heat exchangers typically include at least 20 tubes. The tube is very long, so that a great amount of thermal expansion occurs in the vertical direction as described in connection with the prior art, which generates thermal stress. In order to overcome this problem, the first heat exchanging section may be provided with known means in order to compensate for this. For example, a compensator for allowing thermal expansion of the tube may be installed. Further, cooling of the lower plate (for example, the lower end wall) is provided as shown in FIG. This is defined by the lower end wall 35 and the lower plate 41, and is defined by means relating to the lower space 40 in which the cooling gas can flow.

  The second heat exchanging part 32 of the heat exchanger 30 is preferably arranged upstream of the first heat exchanging part 31 in relation to the flow of the combustion gas, as indicated by an arrow 54. This means that the second heat exchange part is arranged on the lower side in the vertical direction of the first heat exchange part.

  Preferably, the second and first heat exchange parts are arranged such that their respective longitudinal (vertical) central axes A coincide as shown in FIG. Thereby, the flow of combustion gas is not unnecessarily disturbed.

  The second heat exchanging section 32 includes a second chamber 42 arranged in the vertical direction, and the second chamber 42 adapts to the flow of combustion gas therein. The second chamber 42 is surrounded by a first shell 43 arranged in a cylindrical shape and in a vertical direction, thereby forming a wall of the second chamber 42. The first shell 43 is formed for heat transfer from the combustion gas flowing inside the second gas chamber 42 to the preheated gas flowing outside the first shell. In this way, the combustion gas flowing in the chamber 42 is in direct contact with the first shell 43.

  The gas flowing out of the first shell then flows from the second heat exchanging part 32 to the first heat exchanging part 31 through the conduit 52, and further flows by the flow passing through the first chamber 33. Heated. Preferably, the conduit is adapted for gas flow through the first inlet 38 from the second heat exchanger to the first chamber 33.

  The phenomenon that the gas introduced into the first chamber 33 is heated by the second heat exchange unit 32 prior to introduction into the first chamber is caused by the combustion gas containing the surface of the tube 37 and suspended carbon black. The temperature difference between them can be reduced, thereby greatly reducing or almost eliminating the risk of tube contamination.

  The heat exchanger according to the invention can easily achieve the temperature of the gas introduced into the first chamber, for example at least twice the temperature according to the prior art shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Furthermore, this is achieved without the need for an additional heat source other than the combustion gas. Therefore, the heat exchanger according to the present invention requires not only the stagnation in the maintenance process, but also efficiently uses the heat of the combustion gas and has high productivity as well as high efficiency. Ensuring the production of carbon black.

  In most cases, the temperature difference between the combustion gas and the surface of the first shell is significant, but since it has a diameter much larger than the inner diameter of the tube, fouling is not a problem in the second heat exchange section. Furthermore, cleaning the second chamber is much simpler than cleaning the tube 37.

  According to one preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the second heat exchange section 32 further includes a cylindrical second shell 44. The second shell 44 is disposed radially outward of the first shell 43 and concentrically with the second shell 44, and a cylindrical preheated gas is disposed between the first and second shells. A gap 51 adapted to the flow is formed.

  The gap 51 is cylindrical and the gas flowing outside the first shell is evenly distributed over the entire circumference of the first shell to ensure the best possible heat transfer there. It is preferable to provide a means for ensuring this. This is achieved, for example, by providing a plurality of inlets that are evenly distributed around the second shell. However, this requires a large number of tubes and thus consumes considerable space. A simpler solution is to open the gap 51 at its lower end as well as at the upper end to allow gas to flow in and out of the gap, as illustrated in FIG. Preferably, an upper ring chamber 45 (shown in FIG. 6) adapted to distribute or collect gas around the gap is located at the upper end of the gap. Furthermore, a lower ring chamber 45 adapted for distributing or collecting the gas around the gap is preferably arranged at the lower end of the gap.

  According to one embodiment, this is achieved by the second heat exchanging part 32 including a ring chamber in the shape of a cylindrical inlet space 48 arranged radially outward of the second shell 44. The second inlet 47 is associated with an inlet space 48 for introducing gas that is preheated into the gap 51 via the inlet space 48. Further, the second heat exchanging part 32 is arranged in the radially outward direction of the second shell 44, and is connected from the gap 51 via the second ring chamber in the shape of the cylindrical outlet space 50 and the outlet space 50. And a second outlet 49 adapted to move the preheated gas to 52.

  According to the present embodiment, the preheated gas enters the second heat exchange section 32 via the second inlet 47, is distributed in the inlet chamber 48 and the gap 51, and flows vertically in the gap 51. Collected in the outlet chamber 50 and then guided to move to the first heat exchanging section 31 in the conduit 52 via the second outlet 49 and leave the second heat exchanging section 32.

  As shown in FIG. 3, with respect to the design of the second heat exchanger, the preheated gas flow outside the first shell is the counterflow of the combustion gas flow in the second chamber 42. However, it is also possible to design the second heat exchanging part so that the preheated gas flow outside the first shell is parallel to the flow of combustion gas flowing inside the second chamber 42. Such a design is shown in FIG.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 in the arrangement of the second inlet and the second outlet forming the inlet space and the outlet space. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the preheated gas flow in the gap 51 is parallel to the combustion gas flow.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is further designed in a design that includes means for cooling the bottom wall using a cooling gas, in this case a gas that can be reused as a combustion gas when preheated. Different from the third embodiment.

  The cooling gas is introduced into the bottom space 40 defined by the lower end wall 35 and the lower bottom plate 41 and can leave this space via the third outlet 55. The gas travels from the third outlet 55 to the conduit 52 where it is mixed with the gas flow from the second heat exchange. Such means for cooling the lower end wall is naturally included in the design according to the embodiment shown in FIG.

According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the cooling gas can be moved directly from the third outlet to the first inlet 38, for example by a second conduit.
In order to obtain the highest heat transfer in the second heat exchange section, it is desirable to have as large a heat exchange surface as possible. Therefore, the diameter of the chamber should be relatively large, at least in its vertically extending part. According to a preferred embodiment, the second chamber has a maximum diameter Dm that is larger than the outer diameter Dt of the tube bundle of the first heat exchange section. This is illustrated in FIG. In most cases, it is practical for the second chambers 42 to have a smaller diameter at their lower Di and / or upper De in order to efficiently control flow upon entry or exit to the second chamber. is there. Thus, according to one preferred embodiment, Di <Dm and De <Dm.

  Moreover, in order to further improve the efficiency of heat exchange in the second heat exchange part of the heat exchanger, the first shell may be appropriately provided with outer fins outside the first shell. The purpose of this fin is to increase the heat transfer surface of the first shell. The fins may be arranged horizontally, for example, but other arrangements are possible. Further, the fin may be welded to the surface of the first shell, for example.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second heat exchange section 32 according to one alternative embodiment. The first ring chamber 45 is disposed at the upper end of the gap 51 and in the radially outward direction of the first and second shell members. The second ring chamber 45 is disposed at the lower end of the gap 51 and in the radially outward direction of the first and second shell members. Associated with each ring chamber 45 is an inlet / outlet 46 for the gas to be preheated. As previously described, the ring chamber distributes gas around the gap 51 and the first shell member, or the gap, depending on whether the ring chamber is associated with the gas outlet or inlet to be preheated. Collect gas from around 51. The second inlet and / or the second outlet directly to the gap 51, which is undesirable because heat transfer is reduced by the uneven distribution of the preheated gas around the first shell member. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the can be designed.

  According to one preferable embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the second heat exchange unit is prevented from being expanded in the vertical direction by a thermal load. This is achieved by ensuring that the second heat exchange part is firmly attached between the fixing devices 56, 57 which are separated into two in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. Examples of the fixing device may be, for example, the ground or foundation concrete. Of course, different parts in the second heat exchange part are developed by the heat load, so it is advantageous to incorporate internal expansion means in the second heat exchange part. As an example of suitable expansion means, for example, a bellows or the like may be used. Since these are known to those skilled in the art, they are not further disclosed herein.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but can be modified within the scope of the appended claims. It should be noted that each illustrated feature can be combined with all other illustrated features in the framework that can achieve the desired technical function.

  The design of the first heat exchange part is not particularly limited to the present invention as long as it includes the first chamber and the tube. For example, it may include any known means that allows for tube expansion and bottom plate cooling. Furthermore, the tube in the first chamber may be provided with fins similar to the proposal in WO 2010/033070, which is incorporated herein by reference. In practice, the design of the first heat exchange section is related to a tube heat exchanger known in the carbon black art.

Claims (17)

A heat exchanger (30) for an apparatus for producing carbon black, comprising:
A first heat exchange section (31) and a second heat exchange section (32);
The first heat exchange section (31)
A cylindrical first chamber (33) surrounded by a cylindrical jacket (34), a lower end wall (35) and an upper end wall (36) and arranged in a vertical direction;
It extends from the lower end wall (35) to the upper end wall (36) over the entire area of the first chamber (33) and is disposed only in the first heat exchange section (31). A tube (37) adapted to the flow of the combustion gas in the vertical direction and arranged vertically;
A first inlet (38) and a first outlet (39) for preheated gas flowing in the first chamber (33) outside the tube (37);
The second heat exchange section (32)
A second chamber (42) arranged in a vertical direction adapted to the flow of combustion gas within itself;
The second chamber (42) is surrounded by a cylindrical first shell (43);
It said first shell (43) comprises a method comprising allowing heat transfer to the preheated gas flowing in the outer portion of the first shell (43),
Combustion gas flowing through the second chamber (42) is in direct contact with the first shell (43);
The heat exchanger further comprises a conduit (52) from the second heat exchange section (32) to the first heat exchange section (31) adapted to the preheated gas flow. Features heat exchanger. The heat exchanger according to claim 1,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is a heat exchanger arranged upstream of the first heat exchanging part (31) in relation to the flow (54) of combustion gas. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is a heat exchanger having a longitudinal central axis (A) coinciding with the longitudinal central axis of the first heat exchanging part (31). In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is further arranged in the radially outward direction of the first shell (43), and is coaxial with the first shell (43) and has a cylindrical second shell (44). )
A heat exchanger in which a cylindrical gap (51) adapted to the preheated gas flow is formed between the first and second shells. The heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein
The gap (51) is a heat exchanger that is open at both ends in the vertical direction. The heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 5,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is further arranged at one of the vertical ends of the gap (51), and the preheated gas is supplied to the first shell in the gap (51). A cylindrical ring chamber (45) adapted to distribute along the circumference of (43);
A heat exchanger comprising a second inlet (47) for introducing preheated gas into the gap (51) via the ring chamber (45). In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 4-6,
The second heat exchange part (32) is further adapted to collect the gas preheated from the gap (51) and is arranged at one of the vertical ends of the gap (51). A cylindrical ring chamber (45),
And a second outlet (49) for moving preheated gas from the gap (51) to the conduit (52) through the ring chamber. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-7,
The tube (37) is a heat exchanger arranged in a bundle having a diameter (Dt) smaller than the maximum diameter (Dm) of the second chamber. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-8,
The conduit (52) is adapted for gas flow from the second heat exchanger (32) through the first inlet (38) to the chamber (33) of the first heat exchanger. Heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-9,
The second heat exchanging portion (32) is a heat exchanger that is firmly attached so as to avoid thermal expansion in its vertical direction. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-10,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is a heat exchanger including an internal expansion means that enables thermal expansion of different parts of the second heat exchanging part (32). In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-11,
The first shell (43) is a heat exchanger in which fins are provided on at least a part of the outside of the first shell (43). In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-12,
Means for cooling the lower end wall (35) with a cooling gas introduced into the bottom space (40) of the first heat exchange section;
The bottom space (40) is a heat exchanger defined by the lower end wall (35) and a lower bottom plate (41). The heat exchanger according to claim 13,
The means provides heat for providing a flow of the cooling gas from the bottom space to at least one of the conduit and the first inlet (38) for the preheated gas in the first chamber (33). Exchanger. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-14,
The second heat exchanging part (32) is configured to reduce a flow of the combustion gas (54) in which a preheated gas flow outside the first shell (43) flows in the second chamber (42). A heat exchanger designed to have a countercurrent flow. In the heat exchanger as described in any one of Claims 1-14,
The second heat exchanging part (32) converts the flow of the preheated gas outside the first shell (43) into the flow of the combustion gas (54) flowing in the second chamber (42). A heat exchanger that is designed to be parallel.   Carbon black production plant comprising the combustion chamber and heat exchanger (30) according to any one of the preceding claims.